CN113236463A

CN113236463A - Turbine type gas starting motor

Info

Publication number: CN113236463A
Application number: CN202110589220.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄志华; 张重洋; 许铮浩; 宋建平
Original assignee: Yilian Industrial Shanghai Co ltd
Current assignee: Yilian Industrial Shanghai Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-28
Filing date: 2021-05-28
Publication date: 2021-08-10

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of engines, and particularly discloses a turbine type gas starting motor which comprises a power assembly, a speed reducing assembly, a transmission assembly, an exhaust device and a pinion; the invention adopts a turbine type power principle, and is designed by a single-stage impact turbine and a high-rotating-speed planetary reduction structure, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the air motor and providing high-power output. The motor has small volume, light weight, large power, no need of forced lubrication, no wearing parts and low requirement on air source condition. Therefore, the service conditions of the product are greatly reduced, the product maintenance period is long, the service life is prolonged, the engine is more suitable for extremely cold and high-temperature environments, and the application equipment level of large-scale engineering engines and marine engines is greatly improved.

Description

Turbine type gas starting motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to a turbine type air starting motor.

Background

In the mode of starting the engine by the pneumatic motor, the prior art starts the engine by the vane type air-actuated motor, and the vane type air-actuated motor based on the positive displacement principle has the advantages of lower mechanical efficiency, larger volume and weight, higher requirement on use conditions and shorter product maintenance period.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a turbo air-starting motor to solve the above problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a turbo type air starting motor comprises a power assembly, a speed reducing assembly, a transmission assembly, an exhaust device and a pinion;

the power assembly comprises a turbine nozzle, a turbine rotor, a turbine shell, a sun shaft, a bearing A1, a bearing A2, a shaft seal A and a positioning sleeve;

the speed reduction assembly comprises a gear box, a planet carrier, a planetary gear, a bearing B, a bearing C, a shaft seal B, a first snap ring, a bearing seat, an inner gear ring and a third O-shaped ring;

the transmission assembly comprises a piston, a bearing D, a bearing E, a main shaft, a first retainer ring, a second retainer ring, a spline shaft, a spline sleeve, a limiting sleeve, a first buffer spring and a spring cover;

the exhaust device comprises an exhaust hood, an exhaust baffle, an exhaust screen plate, a compression spring and a reset bolt.

Preferably, in the power assembly, the turbine nozzle is fixed on the inner end face of the turbine shell through a fastening bolt A, the turbine rotor and the turbine nozzle are arranged in parallel, a certain axial gap is reserved between the turbine rotor and the inner hole of the turbine shell and between the turbine rotor and the turbine nozzle, and a certain radial gap is reserved between the turbine rotor and the inner hole of the turbine shell; the turbine shaft penetrates through an inner hole of the turbine rotor and is connected with the inner hole through a key, a positioning sleeve and a shaft seal A are sequentially arranged on the turbine shaft, a bearing A1 and a bearing A2 are respectively arranged at two ends of the turbine shaft to realize support, an output end bearing A1 of the turbine shaft is pressed on the turbine shell, an exhaust end bearing A2 of the turbine shaft is pressed on an exhaust support, the bearing A1 is limited through a fourth snap ring, a butterfly spring is arranged at the joint of the bearing A2 and the exhaust cover, and a tensioning sleeve is sleeved at one end, extending out of the bearing A2, of the turbine shaft.

Preferably, an air inlet of the motor is arranged in the radial direction of the turbine shell, blade-shaped flow channels are uniformly distributed on the circumferences of the turbine nozzle and the turbine rotor, compressed air enters the motor from the air inlet, is guided by the turbine nozzle and then impacts the turbine rotor to rotate to generate torque, and the torque and the rotating speed are output to the speed reduction assembly through the sun shaft.

Preferably, in the speed reduction assembly, the planetary gear is of a T-shaped structure, involute straight teeth with different tooth numbers are distributed at two ends of the planetary gear, the input end of the planetary gear is meshed with the sun shaft, and the output end of the planetary gear is meshed with the inner gear ring; the planetary gear sets are provided with three groups, the three groups of planetary gears are all sleeved with bearings B and are pressed in three holes uniformly distributed in the planetary carrier, the planetary carrier is positioned in a spigot of the gear box and is fixed on the inner end surface of the gear box through fastening bolts B, and an inner hexagonal plug is reserved on the cylindrical surface of the gear box; the fastening bolt A penetrates through the turbine shell and is fixedly connected with the gear box, and a layer of sealing gasket is additionally arranged on the joint surface of the turbine shell and the gear box; the inner gear ring is in a cylindrical shape with a T-shaped structure, the large end of the inner gear ring is an inner gear end and is meshed with the small ends of the three groups of planetary gears, a bearing C and a shaft seal B are arranged on the outer circle of the small ends of the inner gear ring, the two ends of the shaft seal B are limited through a first snap ring, the bearing C is limited through a third check ring, and the outer ring of the bearing C is pressed and mounted with the bearing seat; an inner hole at the small end of the inner gear ring is a straight spline and is used as a power output end to be meshed with a spline shaft in the transmission assembly, and the bearing seat is fixedly connected with the gear box through a fastening bolt C; a first O-shaped ring is arranged outside the bearing seat, a third O-shaped ring is sleeved on the matching surface of the bearing seat and the piston, and a sealing cover is additionally arranged in the inner cavity of the inner gear ring.

Preferably, in the transmission assembly, a spline shaft is matched and butted with a spline housing, a spiral spline is arranged on the outer circle of the main shaft, the spiral spline is matched with an inner spiral spline of the spline housing and extends into an inner hole of the spline shaft, the main shaft is supported by a bearing E in a sliding fit with the inner hole of the spline shaft, the main shaft is connected with the end face of the spline shaft through a limiting sleeve and a fastening bolt D, and a gasket is additionally arranged between the limiting sleeve and the fastening bolt D; the outer circle of the spline shaft is arranged in the piston through a bearing D and limited through a second clamping ring; the main shaft is also sleeved with a first buffer spring and a spring cover, a certain pretightening force is applied to the matching of the spline shaft and the spline sleeve, and the spring cover is fixed on the main shaft through a first check ring; the output end of the main shaft is provided with a screw hole and an end face protruding key for connecting a motor output gear; a second O-shaped ring is nested outside the piston, and a second check ring for limiting the bearing D is arranged outside the spline shaft.

Preferably, in the exhaust device, the exhaust hood is connected with the rear end of the turbine shell through a fastening bolt A, and an exhaust flow passage and a bearing seat structure are formed in the exhaust hood by being separated through a rib plate; the rear end of the bearing seat structure is provided with a screw hole, the exhaust baffle and the compression spring are fixed through a reset bolt and are in sliding fit with the reset bolt, and the exhaust hood is pushed by overcoming the elasticity of the compression spring when air flow is exhausted; the exhaust port department of exhaust hood is equipped with the exhaust otter board, and the exhaust otter board periphery is fixed on the exhaust hood through the elasticity cylindric lock to it is spacing through the third snap ring.

Preferably, the transmission assembly further comprises a transmission assembly shell, the transmission assembly shell is used for supporting a motor transmission part and serves as an output end connected with an engine, a spigot end is mounted at the end part of the transmission assembly shell through a fastening bolt C, a flange is arranged outside the spigot end, a bearing F and a shaft seal C are mounted in the spigot end, and the outer side of the bearing F is limited through a first clamping ring; one end of the main shaft penetrates through the bearing F and is provided with a pinion through a fastening bolt E, and a gear retainer ring for limiting the pinion is arranged outside the main shaft; and a second buffer spring is sleeved outside the spring cover connecting section in the transmission assembly shell, the second buffer spring is connected to a second snap ring through a spring seat, and a pressure relief oil nozzle is arranged on the side surface of the transmission assembly shell.

Preferably, the fastening bolt a is sleeved with a circlip and a flat washer to assist in screwing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention adopts a turbine type power principle, and is designed by a single-stage impact turbine and a high-rotating-speed planetary reduction structure, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the air motor and providing high-power output. The motor has small volume, light weight, large power, no need of forced lubrication, no wearing parts and low requirement on air source condition. Therefore, the service conditions of the product are greatly reduced, the product maintenance period is long, the service life is prolonged, the engine is more suitable for extremely cold and high-temperature environments, and the application equipment level of large-scale engineering engines and marine engines is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the deceleration assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of the transmission assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the exhaust apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of the drive assembly housing of the present invention.

In the figure: 01. a turbine rotor; 02. a turbine nozzle; 03. an exhaust baffle; 04. a turbine housing; 05. a sun shaft; 06. a positioning sleeve; 07. a gear case; 08. a drive assembly housing; 09. a piston; 10. a spline shaft; 11. a spline housing; 12. a main shaft; 13. an inner gear ring; 14. a planet carrier; 15. a planetary gear; 16. a gasket; 17. a limiting sleeve; 18. an exhaust mesh plate; 19. a first buffer spring; 20. a bearing seat; 21. a tensioning sleeve; 22. a spigot end; 23. a spring seat; 24. a sealing cover; 25. resetting the bolt; 26. a flange; 27. a second buffer spring; 28. a pinion gear; 29. bearing a 1; 30. fastening a bolt B; 31. fastening a bolt C; 32. a bearing F; 33. shaft seal C; 34. a first snap ring; 35. shaft seal A; 36. a spring housing; 37. a first retainer ring; 38. a pressure relief oil nozzle; 39. a gasket; 40. fastening a bolt E; 41. a shaft seal B; 42. a compression spring; 43. a belleville spring; 44. a fourth snap ring; 45. bearing a 2; 46. a flat washer; 47. a second snap ring; 48. a second retainer ring; 49. a third retainer ring; 50. a key; 51. a bearing C; 52. a bearing D; 53. a bearing B; 54. a first O-ring; 55. a second O-ring; 56. a third O-ring; 57. an inner hexagonal plug; 58. a bearing E; 59. fastening the bolt A; 60. a third snap ring; 61. a circlip; 62. fastening a bolt D; 63. a gear retainer ring; 64. an exhaust hood; 65. and the elastic cylindrical pin.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a turbo air-start motor includes a power assembly, a speed reduction assembly, a transmission assembly, an exhaust, and a pinion gear 28.

Example 1: referring to fig. 2, the power assembly includes a turbine nozzle 02, a turbine rotor 01, a turbine housing 04, a sun shaft 05, a bearing a129, a bearing a245, a shaft seal a35, and a locating sleeve 06;

in the power assembly, the turbine nozzle 02 is fixed on the inner end face of the turbine shell 04 through a fastening bolt A59, the turbine rotor 01 and the turbine nozzle 02 are arranged in parallel, a certain axial gap is reserved between the turbine rotor 01 and the inner hole of the turbine shell 04 and between the turbine rotor 01 and the turbine nozzle 02, and a certain radial gap is reserved between the turbine rotor 01 and the inner hole of the turbine shell 04; the sun shaft 05 penetrates through an inner hole of the turbine rotor 01 and is connected with the inner hole through a key 50, a positioning sleeve 06 and a shaft seal A35 are sequentially arranged on the sun shaft 05, a bearing A129 and a bearing A245 are respectively arranged at two ends of the sun shaft 05 to realize support, the bearing A129 at the output end of the sun shaft is pressed on the turbine shell 04, the bearing A245 at the exhaust end of the sun shaft is pressed on an exhaust support, the bearing A129 is limited through a fourth snap ring 44, a butterfly spring 43 is arranged at the joint of the bearing A245 and the exhaust hood 64, and a tensioning sleeve 21 is sleeved at one end, extending out of the bearing A245, of the sun shaft 05.

In this embodiment, the air inlet of the motor is arranged in the radial direction of the turbine housing 04, the turbine nozzle 02 and the turbine rotor 01 are uniformly provided with blade-shaped flow channels on the circumference, compressed air enters the motor from the air inlet, is guided by the turbine nozzle 02 and then impacts the turbine rotor 01 to rotate and generate torque, and the torque and the rotating speed are output to the speed reduction assembly through the sun shaft 05

Example 2: referring to fig. 3, the speed reduction assembly includes a gear box 07, a planet carrier 14, a planetary gear 15, a bearing B53, a bearing C51, a shaft seal B41, a first snap ring 34, a bearing seat 20, an inner gear ring 13 and a third O-ring 56;

in the speed reduction assembly, the planetary gear 15 is in a T-shaped structure, involute straight teeth with different tooth numbers are distributed at two ends of the planetary gear, the input end of the planetary gear is meshed with the sun shaft 05, and the output end of the planetary gear is meshed with the inner gear ring 13; the planetary gears 15 are provided with three groups, the three groups of planetary gears 15 are all sleeved with bearings B53 and are pressed in three holes uniformly distributed in the planetary carrier 14, the planetary carrier 14 is positioned in a spigot of the gear box 07 and is fixed on the inner end surface of the gear box 07 through fastening bolts B30, and an inner hexagonal plug 57 is reserved on the cylindrical surface of the gear box 07; the fastening bolt A59 penetrates through the turbine shell 04 to be tightly connected with the gear box 07, and a layer of sealing gasket 39 is additionally arranged on the connecting surface of the turbine shell 04 and the gear box 07; the inner gear ring 13 is in a cylindrical shape with a T-shaped structure, the large end of the inner gear ring is an inner gear end and is meshed with the small ends of the three groups of planet gears 15, a bearing C51 and a shaft seal B41 are arranged on the outer circle of the small end of the inner gear ring 13, two ends of the shaft seal B41 are limited by a first snap ring 34, a bearing C51 is limited by a third check ring 49, and the outer ring of the bearing C51 is pressed and mounted with the bearing seat 20; an inner hole at the small end of the inner gear ring 13 is a straight spline and is used as a power output end to be meshed with a spline shaft 10 in a transmission assembly, and a bearing seat 20 is fixedly connected with a gear box 07 through a fastening bolt C31; a first O-shaped ring 54 is arranged outside the bearing seat 20, a third O-shaped ring 56 is sleeved on the matching surface of the bearing seat 20 and the piston, and a sealing cover 24 is arranged in the inner cavity of the annular gear 13.

Example 3: referring to fig. 4, the transmission assembly includes a piston 09, a bearing D52, a bearing E58, a main shaft 12, a first retainer ring 37, a second retainer ring 48, a spline shaft 10, a spline housing 11, a stop collar 17, a first buffer spring 19, and a spring cover 36;

in the transmission assembly, a spline shaft 10 is matched and butted with a spline housing 11, a spiral spline is arranged on the excircle of a main shaft 12, the spiral spline is matched with an internal spiral spline of the spline housing 11 and extends into an inner hole of the spline shaft 10, the main shaft 12 is supported by sliding fit with the inner hole of the spline shaft 10 through a bearing E58, the main shaft 12 is connected with the end face of the spline shaft 10 through a limit sleeve 17 and a fastening bolt D62, and a gasket 16 is additionally arranged between the limit sleeve 17 and the fastening bolt D62; the excircle of the spline shaft 10 is arranged in the piston 09 through a bearing D52 and limited through a second snap ring 47; the main shaft 12 is further sleeved with a first buffer spring 19 and a spring cover 36, a certain pretightening force is applied to the matching of the spline shaft 10 and the spline housing 11, and the spring cover 36 is fixed on the main shaft 12 through a first retainer ring 37; the output end of the main shaft 12 is provided with a screw hole and an end face protruding key for connecting a motor output gear; a second O-shaped ring 55 is nested outside the piston 09, and a second stop ring 48 for limiting the bearing D52 is arranged outside the spline shaft 10.

In this embodiment, the transmission assembly further includes a transmission assembly housing 08, which is used for supporting a motor transmission element and is used as an output end connected to an engine, a spigot end 22 is installed at an end portion of the transmission assembly housing through a fastening bolt C31, a flange 26 is arranged outside the spigot end 22, a bearing F32 and a shaft seal C33 are installed in the spigot end 22, and the outer side of the bearing F32 is limited by a first snap ring 34; one end of the main shaft 12 penetrates through a bearing F32 and is provided with a pinion 28 through a fastening bolt E40, and the outer part of the main shaft 12 is provided with a gear retainer ring 63 for limiting the pinion 28; a second buffer spring 27 is sleeved outside the connection section of the spring cover 36 in the transmission assembly shell 08, the second buffer spring 27 is connected to a second snap ring 47 through a spring seat 23, and a pressure relief oil nozzle 38 is arranged on the side surface of the transmission assembly shell 08.

Example 4: referring to fig. 5, the exhaust device includes an exhaust hood 64, an exhaust baffle 03, an exhaust mesh plate 18, a compression spring 42 and a reset bolt 25;

in the exhaust device, the exhaust hood 64 is connected with the rear end of the turbine shell 04 through a fastening bolt A59, and an exhaust flow passage and a bearing seat structure are formed in the exhaust hood 64 through rib plate separation; the rear end of the bearing seat structure is provided with a screw hole, the exhaust baffle 03 and the compression spring 42 are fixed through the reset bolt 25 and are in sliding fit with the reset bolt 25, and the exhaust hood 64 is pushed against the elasticity of the compression spring 42 when airflow is exhausted; the exhaust port of the exhaust hood 64 is provided with the exhaust screen 18, and the periphery of the exhaust screen 18 is fixed on the exhaust hood 64 through an elastic cylindrical pin 65 and limited by a third snap ring 60.

In this embodiment, the fastening bolt a59 is sleeved with a circlip 61 and a flat washer 46 to assist in tightening.

The technology adopts a turbine type power principle, and is designed by a single-stage impact turbine and a high-rotating-speed planetary reduction structure, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the air motor is effectively improved, and high-power output is provided. Compared with the positive displacement principle with the same power, the energy conversion efficiency is greatly improved, the volume is smaller, the weight is lighter, forced lubrication is not needed, wearing parts are not needed, and the requirement on the air source condition is low. Therefore, the service conditions of the product are greatly reduced, the product maintenance period is long, the service life is prolonged, the engine is more suitable for extremely cold and high-temperature environments, and the application equipment level of large-scale engineering engines and marine engines is greatly improved.

The novel single-stage impact turbine structure and the innovative nozzle and turbine rotor flow passage structural design are adopted. The power rotating speed is reduced, the output torque is increased, the disadvantages of high rotating speed and low torque of a single-stage impact turbine are effectively avoided, the application requirements are met, the service life of a product is prolonged, and the size and the weight of the product are reduced. The product running mechanism has no sliding friction, and the turbine is of an all-metal structure. The forced lubrication use requirement is thoroughly avoided, the capability of bearing water and particle impurities in the air source is greatly enhanced, and the requirement on the air source condition in use is reduced. The whole machine has compact structure and novel and reasonable design. The support strength is better, the reliability of the product is improved, the matching performance with an engine is better, and the service life is longer.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A turbo type air starting motor comprises a power assembly, a speed reducing assembly, a transmission assembly, an exhaust device, a pinion (28), a transmission assembly shell (08) and a spigot end (22); the method is characterized in that:

the power assembly comprises a turbine nozzle (02), a turbine rotor (01), a turbine shell (04), a sun shaft (05), a bearing A1(29), a bearing A2(45), a shaft seal A (35) and a positioning sleeve (06);

the speed reduction assembly comprises a gear box (07), a planet carrier (14), a planetary gear (15), a bearing B (53), a bearing C (51), a shaft seal B (41), a first snap ring (34), a bearing seat (20), an inner gear ring (13) and a third O-shaped ring (56);

the transmission assembly comprises a piston (09), a bearing D (52), a bearing E (58), a main shaft (12), a first retainer ring (37), a second retainer ring (48), a spline shaft (10), a spline sleeve (11), a limiting sleeve (17), a first buffer spring (19) and a spring cover (36);

the exhaust device comprises an exhaust hood (64), an exhaust baffle plate (03), an exhaust screen plate (18), a compression spring (42) and a reset bolt (25).

2. A turbo air start motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the power assembly, the turbine nozzle (02) is fixed on the inner end face of the turbine shell (04) through a fastening bolt A (59), the turbine rotor (01) and the turbine nozzle (02) are arranged in parallel, a certain axial gap is reserved between the turbine rotor (01) and the inner hole of the turbine shell (04) and between the turbine rotor (01) and the turbine nozzle (02), and a certain radial gap is reserved between the turbine rotor and the inner hole of the turbine shell (04); the turbine shaft (05) penetrates through an inner hole of a turbine rotor (01) and is connected with the inner hole through a key (50), a positioning sleeve (06) and a shaft seal A (35) are sequentially arranged on the turbine shaft (05), a bearing A1(29) and a bearing A2(45) are respectively arranged at two ends of the turbine shaft (05) to realize support, a bearing A1(29) at the output end of the turbine shaft is pressed on a turbine shell (04), a bearing A2(45) at the exhaust end of the turbine shaft is pressed on an exhaust support, the bearing A1(29) is limited through a fourth snap ring (44), a butterfly spring (43) is arranged at the joint of the bearing A2(45) and the exhaust cover (64), and a tensioning sleeve (21) is sleeved at one end, extending out of the bearing A2(45), of the turbine shaft (05).

3. A turbo air start motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the air inlet of the motor is arranged in the radial direction of the turbine shell (04), the turbine nozzle (02) and the turbine rotor (01) are uniformly provided with blade-shaped flow channels, compressed air enters the motor from the air inlet, is guided by the turbine nozzle (02) and then impacts the turbine rotor (01) to rotate to generate torque, and the torque and the rotating speed are output to the speed reduction assembly through the solar shaft (05).

4. A turbo air start motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the speed reduction assembly, the planetary gear (15) is of a T-shaped structure, involute straight teeth with different tooth numbers are distributed at two ends of the planetary gear, the input end of the planetary gear is meshed with the solar shaft (05), and the output end of the planetary gear is meshed with the inner gear ring (13); the three groups of planet gears (15) are provided, the three groups of planet gears (15) are all sleeved with bearings B (53) and are pressed in three holes uniformly distributed in a planet carrier (14), the planet carrier (14) is positioned in a spigot of the gear box (07) and is fixed on an inner end face of the gear box (07) through a fastening bolt B (30), and an inner hexagonal plug (57) is reserved on the cylindrical surface of the gear box (07); the fastening bolt A (59) penetrates through the turbine shell (04) and is tightly connected with the gear box (07), and a layer of sealing gasket (39) is additionally arranged on the connecting surface of the turbine shell (04) and the gear box (07); the inner gear ring (13) is cylindrical and has a T-shaped structure, the large end of the inner gear ring is an inner gear end and is meshed with the small ends of the three groups of planetary gears (15), a bearing C (51) and a shaft seal B (41) are arranged on the outer circle of the small end of the inner gear ring (13), two ends of the shaft seal B (41) are limited by a first snap ring (34), the bearing C (51) is limited by a third check ring (49), and the outer ring of the bearing C (51) is pressed with the bearing seat (20); an inner hole at the small end of the inner gear ring (13) is a straight spline and is used as a power output end to be meshed with a spline shaft (10) in a transmission assembly, and a bearing seat (20) is fixedly connected with a gear box (07) through a fastening bolt C (31); a first O-shaped ring (54) is arranged outside the bearing seat (20), a third O-shaped ring (56) is sleeved on the matching surface of the bearing seat (20) and the piston (09), and a sealing cover (24) is additionally arranged in the inner cavity of the inner gear ring (13).

5. A turbo air start motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the transmission assembly, a spline shaft (10) is matched and butted with a spline sleeve (11), a spiral spline is arranged on the outer circle of a main shaft (12), the spiral spline is matched with an inner spiral spline of the spline sleeve (11) and extends into an inner hole of the spline shaft (10), the spiral spline is supported with the inner hole of the spline shaft (10) in a sliding fit manner through a bearing E (58), the main shaft (12) is connected with the end face of the spline shaft (10) through a limiting sleeve (17) and a fastening bolt D (62), and a gasket (16) is additionally arranged between the limiting sleeve (17) and the fastening bolt D (62); the excircle of the spline shaft (10) is arranged in the piston (09) through a bearing D (52) and limited through a second clamping ring (47); the main shaft (12) is further sleeved with a first buffer spring (19) and a spring cover (36) to apply a certain pretightening force to the matching of the spline shaft (10) and the spline sleeve (11), and the spring cover (36) is fixed on the main shaft (12) through a first retainer ring (37); the output end of the main shaft (12) is provided with a screw hole and an end face protruding key for connecting a motor output gear; and a second O-shaped ring (55) is nested outside the piston (09), and a second check ring (48) for limiting the bearing D (52) is arranged outside the spline shaft (10).

6. A turbo air start motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the exhaust device, the exhaust hood (64) is connected with the rear end of a turbine shell (04) through a fastening bolt A (59), and an exhaust flow channel and a bearing seat structure are formed in the exhaust hood (64) in a separated mode through a rib plate; the rear end of the bearing seat structure is provided with a screw hole, the exhaust baffle plate (03) and the compression spring (42) are fixed through the reset bolt (25) and are in sliding fit with the reset bolt (25), and the exhaust cover (64) is pushed against the elasticity of the compression spring (42) when air flow is exhausted; an exhaust screen plate (18) is assembled at an exhaust port of the exhaust hood (64), and the periphery of the exhaust screen plate (18) is fixed on the exhaust hood (64) through an elastic cylindrical pin (65) and limited through a third clamping ring (60).

7. A turbo air start motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the transmission assembly further comprises a transmission assembly shell (08) which is used for supporting a motor transmission part and serves as an output end connected with an engine, a spigot end (22) is mounted at the end part of the transmission assembly shell through a fastening bolt C (31), a flange (26) is arranged outside the spigot end (22), a bearing F (32) and a shaft seal C (33) are mounted in the spigot end (22), and the outer side of the bearing F (32) is limited through a first clamping ring (34); one end of the main shaft (12) penetrates through the bearing F (32) and is provided with a pinion (28) through a fastening bolt E (40), and a gear retainer ring (63) for limiting the pinion (28) is arranged outside the main shaft (12); a second buffer spring (27) is sleeved outside a connecting section of the spring cover (36) in the transmission assembly shell (08), the second buffer spring (27) is connected to a second snap ring (47) through a spring seat (23), and a pressure relief oil nozzle (38) is arranged on the side face of the transmission assembly shell (08).

8. A turbo air start motor as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the fastening bolt A (59) is sleeved with a elastic retainer ring (61) and a flat washer (46) to assist in screwing.