CN113236398B - Visual observation method for piston lubrication - Google Patents
Visual observation method for piston lubrication Download PDFInfo
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- CN113236398B CN113236398B CN202110642714.2A CN202110642714A CN113236398B CN 113236398 B CN113236398 B CN 113236398B CN 202110642714 A CN202110642714 A CN 202110642714A CN 113236398 B CN113236398 B CN 113236398B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/04—Pressure lubrication using pressure in working cylinder or crankcase to operate lubricant feeding devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/08—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/18—Indicating or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
- F01M5/001—Heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
- F01M5/002—Cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
- F01M5/005—Controlling temperature of lubricant
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种活塞润滑可视化观测方法，涉及发动机活塞技术领域。该活塞润滑可视化观测方法，应用活塞润滑可视化观测装置，活塞润滑可视化观测装置包括可视化缸套、缸盖、曲轴箱、活塞组件、曲柄连杆机构、燃烧控制单元、喷油冷却器、润滑油加热器、润滑油冷却器、温度传感器、润滑油控制单元、发射接收单元和采集分析单元；所述方法包括如下步骤：步骤1、关系标定；步骤2、工况模拟；步骤3、荧光观测及分析。本发明的活塞润滑可视化观测方法，可以准确、高效地测量发动机运行过程中活塞与缸套内壁之间润滑油膜的连续性、空穴分布及油膜厚度等状态数据，进而为活塞优化设计提供参考。
The invention provides a method for visual observation of piston lubrication, which relates to the technical field of engine pistons. The visual observation method of piston lubrication uses a piston lubrication visual observation device. The piston lubrication visual observation device includes a visual cylinder liner, a cylinder head, a crankcase, a piston assembly, a crank connecting rod mechanism, a combustion control unit, an oil injection cooler, and lubricating oil heating. device, lubricating oil cooler, temperature sensor, lubricating oil control unit, transmitting and receiving unit and acquisition and analysis unit; the method includes the following steps: step 1, relationship calibration; step 2, working condition simulation; step 3, fluorescence observation and analysis . The visual observation method for piston lubrication of the invention can accurately and efficiently measure the continuity of the lubricating oil film between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder liner during the operation of the engine, the distribution of holes and the thickness of the oil film and other state data, thereby providing a reference for the optimal design of the piston.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine pistons, in particular to a visual observation method for piston lubrication.
Background
The piston is a core component of the engine and has a significant impact on the reliability and durability of the engine. The piston makes linear reciprocating motion in the cylinder and bears the lateral force given by the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve. And a lubricating oil film is formed between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve in the running process of the engine. Under the influence of load and high temperature, the piston deforms, the phenomenon that a good lubricating oil film is formed due to the fact that the gap between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve is too small or too large is not beneficial to easily occurring, the phenomena of cylinder knocking, cylinder pulling and the like are prone to occurring, and the reliability of the operation of the piston is directly influenced by the thickness, distribution and the like of the lubricating oil film. Therefore, the observation of the state of the lubricating oil film between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve in the running process of the engine has extremely important significance for researching the running of the piston.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a visual observation method for piston lubrication, which is used for measuring the state data of a lubricating oil film between a piston and the inner wall of a cylinder sleeve in the running process of an engine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
a visual observation method for piston lubrication applies a visual observation device for piston lubrication, wherein the visual observation device for piston lubrication comprises a visual cylinder sleeve, a cylinder cover, a crankcase, a piston assembly, a crank-link mechanism, a combustion control unit, an oil injection cooler, a lubricating oil heater, a lubricating oil cooler, a temperature sensor, a lubricating oil control unit, a transmitting and receiving unit and an acquisition and analysis unit;
a cylinder cover is assembled at the upper end of the visual cylinder sleeve;
a crankcase is assembled at the lower end of the visual cylinder sleeve, and a crankshaft is arranged in the crankcase;
the visual cylinder sleeve comprises a cylinder sleeve body, and a window made of a transparent material is arranged on the side surface of the cylinder sleeve body;
the piston assembly is connected in the cylinder sleeve body in a sliding manner and can do linear reciprocating motion along the cylinder sleeve body;
the piston assembly is connected with a crankshaft through a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism;
the cylinder cover is provided with an oil supply end and an ignition control end, the combustion control unit is connected with the oil supply end through an oil supply pipeline, and the combustion control unit is connected with the ignition control end through a signal cable;
the crankcase is provided with a lubricating oil heater, a lubricating oil cooler, a temperature sensor and an oil injection cooler, and the lubricating oil control unit is respectively connected with the lubricating oil heater, the lubricating oil cooler, the temperature sensor and the oil injection cooler through signal cables; the crankcase is filled with lubricating oil, the heating end of the lubricating oil heater, the cooling end of the lubricating oil cooler and the sensing end of the temperature sensor are immersed in the lubricating oil, and the oil injection cooler is used for spraying the lubricating oil to the piston assembly;
fluorescent dye is added into the lubricating oil, and when the piston assembly linearly reciprocates along the cylinder sleeve body, a lubricating oil film is left between the piston assembly and the cylinder sleeve body as well as between the piston assembly and the inner wall of the window;
the transmitting and receiving unit comprises a laser transmitter and a high-speed camera, the laser transmitter transmits laser towards the window, the laser penetrates through the window and is emitted to the lubricating oil film, the laser excites fluorescent dye on the lubricating oil film, and fluorescent light reflected by the lubricating oil film is emitted to the high-speed camera;
the acquisition and analysis unit is connected with the laser transmitter and the high-speed camera through a signal cable;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, relation calibration
Calibrating the continuity and the cavity distribution of the lubricating oil film and the quantitative relation between the thickness of the oil film and the intensity of the fluorescent light;
Fuel oil is injected into a space limited by the cylinder cover, the visual cylinder sleeve and the piston assembly through the fuel supply end by the combustion control unit, the fuel oil is ignited through the ignition control end, the piston assembly linearly reciprocates along the cylinder sleeve body, and a lubricating oil film is formed among the piston assembly, the cylinder sleeve body and the inner wall of the window;
lubricating oil is sprayed to the piston assembly by the lubricating oil control unit through the oil injection cooler, and the lubricating oil in the crankcase is regulated and controlled to be at a set working condition temperature by the lubricating oil control unit through the lubricating oil heater, the lubricating oil cooler and the temperature sensor;
Triggering a laser transmitter by an acquisition and analysis unit to transmit laser towards a window, wherein the laser penetrates through the window and is emitted to a lubricating oil film, the laser excites fluorescent dye on the lubricating oil film, fluorescent light reflected by the lubricating oil film is emitted to a high-speed camera, and the high-speed camera shoots an image of the lubricating oil film;
and the acquisition and analysis unit receives an image of the lubricating oil film shot by the high-speed camera, extracts the fluorescence light intensity from the image, and determines the continuity, the cavity distribution and the oil film thickness of the lubricating oil film according to the continuity, the cavity distribution and the quantitative relation between the oil film thickness and the fluorescence light intensity of the lubricating oil film.
Preferably, the high-speed cameras are provided in two, and the two high-speed cameras are arranged at non-same side positions of the window.
Preferably, a beam expander is arranged between the laser emitter and the window.
Preferably, a filter is arranged between the window and the high-speed camera.
Preferably, the laser light emitted by the laser emitter towards the window is perpendicular to the window.
Preferably, the oil injection cooler comprises a lubricating oil pump and an oil injection nozzle, the oil inlet end of the lubricating oil pump is connected with lubricating oil in the crankcase through an oil inlet pipeline, the oil outlet end of the lubricating oil pump is connected with the oil injection nozzle through an oil outlet pipeline, the oil injection nozzle faces the piston assembly, and the lubricating oil control unit is connected with the lubricating oil pump through a signal cable.
Preferably, the transparent material is provided as a quartz material.
Preferably, the combustion control unit, the lubricating oil control unit and the collection and analysis unit are respectively connected with the computer through signal cables.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the visualized observation method for the piston lubrication can accurately and efficiently measure the state data of continuity, cavity distribution, oil film thickness and the like of a lubricating oil film between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve in the running process of the engine, and further provides reference for the optimized design of the piston.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a visual observation method for piston lubrication according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston lubrication visualization observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the transceiver unit is rotated by 90 ° around the transverse axis to be in a top view state so as to show the arrangement structure of the transceiver unit;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a visual cylinder sleeve and a transmitting and receiving unit in the visual observation device for piston lubrication according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a visual cylinder liner in a visual observation device for piston lubrication according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the specific embodiments. Certain embodiments of the invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. Indeed, various embodiments of the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a visual observation method for piston lubrication is provided, please refer to fig. 1 to 4.
A visual observation method for piston lubrication applies a visual observation device for piston lubrication, and the visual observation device for piston lubrication comprises a visual cylinder sleeve 1, a cylinder cover 2, a crankcase 3, a piston assembly 4, a crank link mechanism 5, a combustion control unit 61, an oil injection cooler 7, a lubricating oil heater 81, a lubricating oil cooler 82, a temperature sensor 83, a lubricating oil control unit 62, a transmitting and receiving unit 9, an acquisition and analysis unit 63 and the like.
And a cylinder cover 2 is assembled at the upper end of the visual cylinder sleeve 1.
The lower end of the visual cylinder sleeve 1 is assembled with a crankcase 3, a crankshaft 31 is arranged in the crankcase 3, and the output end of the crankshaft 31 is connected with a load.
The visual cylinder liner 1 comprises a cylinder liner body 11, and a window 12 made of a transparent material is arranged on the side surface of the cylinder liner body 11, wherein the transparent material in the embodiment is preferably a quartz material. The quartz material is adopted, so that laser emitted by the laser emitter 91 can penetrate through the window 12 on one hand, and the overall strength of the visualized cylinder liner 1 (the cylinder liner body 11 and the window 12) is ensured on the other hand.
The piston assembly 4 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves from top to bottom, and each annular groove is sequentially provided with a first air ring, a second air ring and an oil ring. The piston assembly 4 is connected in the cylinder sleeve body 11 in a sliding mode, and the piston assembly 4 can reciprocate linearly along the cylinder sleeve body 11.
The piston assembly 4 is connected to one end of a crank link mechanism 5 by a piston pin, and the other end of the crank link mechanism 5 is connected to a crankshaft 31.
Be provided with fuel feeding end and ignition control end on the cylinder cap 2, the burning control unit 61 is through supplying oil pipe connection fuel feeding end, and burning control unit 61 is through signal cable tie point ignition control end. The combustion control unit 61 injects fuel into a space (combustion chamber) defined by the cylinder head 2, the visual cylinder sleeve 1 and the piston assembly 4 through an oil supply end, and the combustion control unit 61 performs ignition operation on the fuel through an ignition control end.
The crankcase 3 is provided with a lubricant heater 81, a lubricant cooler 82, a temperature sensor 83, and an oil spray cooler 7, and the lubricant control unit 62 is connected to the lubricant heater 81, the lubricant cooler 82, the temperature sensor 83, and the oil spray cooler 7 via signal cables, respectively. The crankcase 3 contains lubricating oil, and the heating end of the lubricating oil heater 81, the cooling end of the lubricating oil cooler 82 and the sensing end of the temperature sensor 83 are immersed in the lubricating oil. The lubricating oil heater 81 is used for heating lubricating oil in the crankcase 3, the lubricating oil cooler 82 is used for cooling the lubricating oil in the crankcase 3, and the temperature sensor 83 is used for monitoring the temperature of the lubricating oil in the crankcase 3 in real time. The lubricating oil control unit 62 regulates and controls the temperature of the lubricating oil in the crankcase 3 to be at the set working condition temperature through the lubricating oil heater 81, the lubricating oil cooler 82 and the temperature sensor 83.
The lubricating oil control unit 62 triggers the oil spray cooler 7 to spray lubricating oil to the piston assembly 4, so that the piston assembly 4 is cooled. Specifically, the oil spray cooler 7 includes a lubricating oil pump and an oil spray nozzle, an oil inlet end of the lubricating oil pump is connected to the lubricating oil in the crankcase 3 through an oil inlet pipeline, an oil outlet end of the lubricating oil pump is connected to the oil spray nozzle through an oil outlet pipeline, and the oil spray nozzle faces the piston assembly 4. The lubricant control unit 62 is connected to a lubricant pump via a signal cable.
Fluorescent dye is added into the lubricating oil, and when the piston assembly 4 makes linear reciprocating motion along the cylinder sleeve body 11, a lubricating oil film is reserved between the piston assembly 4 and the cylinder sleeve body 11 and between the piston assembly 4 and the inner wall of the window 12.
The transmission and reception unit 9 includes a laser transmitter 91 and a high-speed camera 92. The laser emitter 91 emits laser light toward the window 12, and the laser light emitted from the laser emitter 91 toward the window 12 is perpendicular to the window 12. The laser light passes through the window 12 and is directed to the lubricating oil film, the laser light excites the fluorescent dye on the lubricating oil film, and the fluorescent light reflected by the lubricating oil film is directed to the high-speed camera 92. Two high-speed cameras 92 are arranged, and two high-speed cameras 92 are arranged at different side positions of the window 12, for example, one high-speed camera 92 is arranged at the left side of the window 12, and the other high-speed camera 92 is arranged at the right side of the window 12; alternatively, one high-speed camera 92 is disposed on the upper side of the window 12, and the other high-speed camera 92 is disposed on the lower side of the window 12. In this way, the two high-speed cameras 92 can capture a three-dimensional state image of the lubricating oil film. A beam expander 93 is disposed between the laser emitter 91 and the window 12 so that the laser light emitted from the laser emitter 91 is dispersed to cover the window 12. A filter 94 is provided between the window 12 and the high-speed camera 92, and stray light is filtered by the filter 94.
The acquisition and analysis unit 63 is connected to a laser transmitter 91 and a high-speed camera 92 via a signal cable. The acquisition and analysis unit 63 is used for triggering the laser emitter 91 to emit laser, analyzing the image of the lubricating oil film shot by the high-speed camera 92, extracting the fluorescence light intensity from the image, and determining the state data of the lubricating oil film, such as continuity, cavity distribution, oil film thickness and the like according to the continuity, cavity distribution and quantitative relation between the oil film thickness and the fluorescence light intensity.
The combustion control unit 61, the lubricating oil control unit 62 and the collection and analysis unit 63 are respectively connected with a computer 64 through signal cables, wherein the collection and analysis unit 63 can be integrated with the computer 64, and the computer 64 realizes the functions of the collection and analysis unit 63.
The visual observation method for the lubrication of the piston comprises the following steps:
step 1, relation calibration
Calibrating the continuity and the cavity distribution of the lubricating oil film and the quantitative relation between the thickness of the oil film and the intensity of the fluorescent light;
Fuel oil is injected into a space limited by the cylinder cover 2, the visual cylinder sleeve 1 and the piston assembly 4 through an oil supply end by the combustion control unit 61, the fuel oil is ignited through an ignition control end, the piston assembly 4 linearly reciprocates along the cylinder sleeve body 11, and a lubricating oil film is formed between the piston assembly 4 and the inner walls of the cylinder sleeve body 11 and the window 12;
lubricating oil is sprayed to the piston assembly 4 by the lubricating oil control unit 62 through the oil spray cooler 7, and the lubricating oil in the crankcase 3 is regulated and controlled to be at a set working condition temperature by the lubricating oil control unit 62 through the lubricating oil heater 81, the lubricating oil cooler 82 and the temperature sensor 83;
The acquisition and analysis unit 63 triggers the laser emitter 91 to emit laser towards the window 12, the laser penetrates through the window 12 and is emitted to the lubricating oil film, the laser excites fluorescent dye on the lubricating oil film, fluorescent light reflected by the lubricating oil film is emitted to the high-speed camera 92, and the high-speed camera 92 shoots an image of the lubricating oil film;
the acquisition and analysis unit 63 receives the image of the lubricating oil film shot by the high-speed camera 92, extracts the fluorescence light intensity from the image, and determines the continuity, the cavity distribution and the oil film thickness of the lubricating oil film according to the continuity, the cavity distribution and the quantitative relation between the oil film thickness and the fluorescence light intensity of the lubricating oil film.
Up to this point, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. From the above description, the person skilled in the art should clearly recognize the visual observation method for piston lubrication according to the present invention. The visualized observation method for the piston lubrication can accurately and efficiently measure the state data of continuity, cavity distribution, oil film thickness and the like of a lubricating oil film between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve in the running process of the engine, and further provides reference for the optimized design of the piston.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A visual observation method for piston lubrication is characterized in that: the visual observation device for piston lubrication comprises a visual cylinder sleeve, a cylinder cover, a crankcase, a piston assembly, a crank-link mechanism, a combustion control unit, an oil injection cooler, a lubricating oil heater, a lubricating oil cooler, a temperature sensor, a lubricating oil control unit, an emission receiving unit and an acquisition analysis unit;
a cylinder cover is assembled at the upper end of the visual cylinder sleeve;
a crankcase is assembled at the lower end of the visual cylinder sleeve, and a crankshaft is arranged in the crankcase;
the visual cylinder sleeve comprises a cylinder sleeve body, and a window made of a transparent material is arranged on the side surface of the cylinder sleeve body;
the piston assembly is connected in the cylinder sleeve body in a sliding manner and can do linear reciprocating motion along the cylinder sleeve body;
the piston assembly is connected with a crankshaft through a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism;
the cylinder cover is provided with an oil supply end and an ignition control end, the combustion control unit is connected with the oil supply end through an oil supply pipeline, and the combustion control unit is connected with the ignition control end through a signal cable;
the crankcase is provided with a lubricating oil heater, a lubricating oil cooler, a temperature sensor and an oil injection cooler, and the lubricating oil control unit is respectively connected with the lubricating oil heater, the lubricating oil cooler, the temperature sensor and the oil injection cooler through signal cables; the crankcase is filled with lubricating oil, the heating end of the lubricating oil heater, the cooling end of the lubricating oil cooler and the sensing end of the temperature sensor are immersed in the lubricating oil, and the oil injection cooler is used for spraying the lubricating oil to the piston assembly;
fluorescent dye is added into the lubricating oil, and when the piston assembly linearly reciprocates along the cylinder sleeve body, a lubricating oil film is left between the piston assembly and the cylinder sleeve body as well as between the piston assembly and the inner wall of the window;
the transmitting and receiving unit comprises a laser transmitter and a high-speed camera, the laser transmitter transmits laser towards the window, the laser penetrates through the window and is emitted to the lubricating oil film, the laser excites fluorescent dye on the lubricating oil film, and fluorescent light reflected by the lubricating oil film is emitted to the high-speed camera;
the acquisition and analysis unit is connected with the laser transmitter and the high-speed camera through a signal cable;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, relation calibration
Calibrating the continuity and the cavity distribution of the lubricating oil film and the quantitative relation between the thickness of the oil film and the intensity of the fluorescent light;
step 2, working condition simulation
Fuel oil is injected into a space limited by the cylinder cover, the visual cylinder sleeve and the piston assembly through the fuel supply end by the combustion control unit, the fuel oil is ignited through the ignition control end, the piston assembly linearly reciprocates along the cylinder sleeve body, and a lubricating oil film is formed among the piston assembly, the cylinder sleeve body and the inner wall of the window;
lubricating oil is sprayed to the piston assembly by the lubricating oil control unit through the oil injection cooler, and the lubricating oil in the crankcase is regulated and controlled to be at a set working condition temperature by the lubricating oil control unit through the lubricating oil heater, the lubricating oil cooler and the temperature sensor;
step 3, fluorescence observation and analysis
Triggering a laser transmitter by an acquisition and analysis unit to transmit laser towards a window, wherein the laser penetrates through the window and is emitted to a lubricating oil film, the laser excites fluorescent dye on the lubricating oil film, fluorescent light reflected by the lubricating oil film is emitted to a high-speed camera, and the high-speed camera shoots an image of the lubricating oil film;
and the acquisition and analysis unit receives an image of the lubricating oil film shot by the high-speed camera, extracts the fluorescence light intensity from the image, and determines the continuity, the cavity distribution and the oil film thickness of the lubricating oil film according to the continuity, the cavity distribution and the quantitative relation between the oil film thickness and the fluorescence light intensity of the lubricating oil film.
2. A visual observation method of piston lubrication according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-speed cameras are arranged in two, and the two high-speed cameras are arranged at the positions, not on the same side, of the window.
3. A visual observation method of piston lubrication according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a beam expander is arranged between the laser transmitter and the window.
4. A visual observation method of piston lubrication according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a filter is arranged between the window and the high-speed camera.
5. A visual observation method of piston lubrication according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser emitted by the laser emitter towards the window is perpendicular to the window.
6. A visual observation method of piston lubrication according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil injection cooler comprises a lubricating oil pump and an oil injection nozzle, the oil inlet end of the lubricating oil pump is connected with lubricating oil in the crankcase through an oil inlet pipeline, the oil outlet end of the lubricating oil pump is connected with the oil injection nozzle through an oil outlet pipeline, the oil injection nozzle faces the piston assembly, and a lubricating oil control unit is connected with the lubricating oil pump through a signal cable.
7. A visual observation method of piston lubrication according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transparent material is set to be quartz material.
8. A visual observation method of piston lubrication according to claim 1, characterized in that: the combustion control unit, the lubricating oil control unit and the acquisition and analysis unit are respectively connected with a computer through signal cables.
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