CN113236167A - Rock core sampling method - Google Patents
Rock core sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113236167A CN113236167A CN202110352922.9A CN202110352922A CN113236167A CN 113236167 A CN113236167 A CN 113236167A CN 202110352922 A CN202110352922 A CN 202110352922A CN 113236167 A CN113236167 A CN 113236167A
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- core
- cylinder
- drill bit
- taking
- drill
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/08—Coating, freezing, consolidating cores; Recovering uncontaminated cores or cores at formation pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/02—Core bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/02—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being insertable into, or removable from, the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a core sampling method, wherein a core drilled by a drill bit is pried off by a prying-off device, the outer diameter of a core taking cylinder is slightly smaller than that of the drill bit, the core taking device can be smoothly inserted into a drill hole, in the process of sleeving the core, the inner diameter of the core taking cylinder is slightly larger than that of the drill bit, after the core taking cylinder is sleeved with the core, the core taking cylinder and the core form interference fit, the core taking cylinder is slightly rotated by a core taking long rod, so that the tip part of a triangular bayonet which is slightly inclined towards the inside of the cylinder can be embedded into the core, the core is fixed, the core can be taken out of the drill hole along with the extraction of the core taking cylinder when the core taking device is pulled out, and further, the complete sampling of the core is successfully realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of core drilling, in particular to a core sampling method.
Background
Core sampling (drilcorespampling), also called core drilling sampling, is a sampling work performed on a core or core obtained by drilling. It is generally split into two halves or four parts along the long axis of the core by a certain sampling length by a manual or mechanical method, and then one half or one quarter of the two halves is taken as a sample. The precondition for determining the core sampling quality is the high and low core sampling rate, and if the core sampling rate cannot meet the sampling requirement due to the determined geological conditions or the useful minerals in the core are enriched or depleted due to selective abrasion caused by different hardness of the constituent minerals, the rock powder in the same pore section must be collected while the core sampling is performed, so that the ore crystal position at the position can be determined by the analysis results of the core sampling and the useful minerals.
Core sampling studies on coastal, shoal and exposed coral reefs, mostly drilled by drilling rigs. Generally, a low-integrity, low-strength core can be pulled out under the combined action of the torsional force and the packing force of the drilling tool; hard rocks with high integrity such as granite and andesite are difficult to smoothly fracture and separate the root part of a core from parent rocks by only grinding and vibrating of a drill bit due to tight particle connection and high compression strength and shear strength of the hard rocks, so that the drilling tool is seriously abraded and the coring rate is low, and the consumption of manpower, material resources and financial resources is huge.
In the prior art, the publication number is CN 103306623A's authorization text, provides a portable rig high efficiency coring method in complete hard rock, can accurately obtain core damage crack position information through the assistance of downthehole location imaging equipment, and then can drop the equipment of taking over to the optimum stress position of core with pertinence, and suitable regulation equipment slide bar makes the flexible lantern ring can once only draw and take out after fastening the core.
However, in the core sampling of coasts, shoals and exposed coral reefs, water needs to be continuously injected into the drill holes to cool down, so that a large amount of slurry is formed in the drill holes, and if the technical scheme is adopted, the positioning imaging in the holes is easily influenced by turbid slurry, so that a good view field cannot be obtained, and the fracture surfaces of the cores are difficult to position; the operation of the nesting device in the prior art is complex, the sliding rod needs to be operated for many times to slide up and down to achieve nesting of the rock core, and the operation difficulty is further improved on the premise that the fracture surface is difficult to position.
In addition, because coast, shoal and the rock mass characteristics who exposes the coral reef, if adopt the device is got to the cover among the above-mentioned prior art, if the good dynamics of control at the operation slide bar makes the telescopic sleeve ring cut off the core easily, if consequently and the core fracture many times, then lead to the core bits of broken glass in drilling for this drilling sample work is thoroughly wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a core sampling method, which aims to ensure that the operation is more efficient and convenient on the premise of effectively ensuring that the core sampling process is not damaged.
The above object is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A core sampling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking a steel cylinder as a core taking cylinder, wherein two ends of the core taking cylinder are respectively an open end and a closed end, a core taking long rod parallel to a shaft of the core taking cylinder is arranged at the closed end, and at least one triangular bayonet which inclines towards the inside of the core taking cylinder is symmetrically arranged on the side wall close to the bottom of the core taking cylinder;
starting a drilling machine, and enabling the drilling machine to drive a drill bit to drill a rock body until a rock core is drilled;
taking out the drill bit, taking a long steel rod, putting the long steel rod into the drill hole by clinging the wall of the drill hole, inserting one end of the long steel rod into a gap between the rock core and the wall of the drill hole at the bottom of the drill hole, and hammering the other end of the long steel rod to separate the rock core from the rock;
step four, inserting the coring cylinder into the drill hole by holding the coring long rod, and slightly rotating the coring cylinder by the coring long rod after sleeving the rock core, so that the tip part of the triangular bayonet which is slightly inclined towards the inside of the cylinder can be embedded into the rock core to fix the rock core;
and step five, pulling out the coring cylinder to take out the core inside the coring cylinder out of the drill hole.
The core sampling method can be further improved as follows:
in the first step, after the long coring rod is installed, the opening end of the coring cylinder is polished into a cutting ring structure by a grinding wheel.
In the first step, at least three water inlet holes are axially and equidistantly formed in the top of the drill bit around the central axis of the drill bit;
when the drill bit drills a rock body, cold water is sprayed to the drill bit, the cold water flows into the drill bit along the water inlet hole, and a drill hole is filled after the rock core and the drill bit are cooled;
and after the drill bit is overheated to cause that the injected cold water is difficult to cool the drill bit, taking out the drill bit and removing accumulated water in the drill hole, and then drilling the rock core.
In the third step, before the long steel rod is inserted into the drilled hole, the end of the long steel rod is drilled into a wedge-shaped tip.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) because the core is directly sleeved with the core through the coring cylinder, imaging equipment is not needed to position the fracture surface, and the influence on the visual field caused by the generation of slurry is avoided, so that the sampling cost and the operation difficulty are reduced;
(2) need not use lasso or the lantern ring to overlap the core and get, directly cup joint the integrality that the core can be guaranteed to the core with getting the core drum, avoid the sample failure, whole operation process is simple direct simultaneously, has increased substantially whole efficiency of getting a sample, can realize the sample of coast, shoal and the coral reef core of revealing on a large scale.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a core sampling method according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a coring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a drill bit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a ladle used to clean accumulated water in a borehole;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a prying device according to an embodiment of the invention;
wherein, 1, a drill bit; 11. a connecting portion; 12. a water inlet hole; 13. draining the water gap; 2. prying off the device; 20. a wedge-shaped tip; 3. a coring device; 31. a coring cylinder; 32. a long core rod; 311. a triangular bayonet; 312. a tip portion; 313. a ring cutter structure; 4. a water ladle; 41. a short cylinder; 42. a holding rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The core sampling method disclosed by the invention specifically comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a coring cylinder 31 and a coring long rod 32 together constitute a coring device 3, and the open end of the coring cylinder 31 is ground into a ring cutter structure 313 with a grinding wheel.
Wherein, the distance between the triangular bayonet 311 and the bottom of the coring cylinder 31 is 2-5 mm.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the drill bit 1 is a long cylinder with one closed end and the other open end, the open end is a knife edge, a connecting part 11 for connecting a drilling machine is arranged at the center of the closed end, the drilling machine can adopt a diamond drilling machine with a model number Z1Z-FF02-160, and the drilling machine is connected with the drill bit 1 through the connecting part 11.
Specifically, in the process of drilling the core, the drill bit 1 is easy to wear rapidly due to overheating, the existing solution method usually injects water into the drill hole directly, but water injection cooling usually only cools the surface of the drill bit 1, the core in the drill bit 1 cannot be cooled, the cooling effect is limited, as shown in fig. 3, three water inlets 12 are arranged at the closed end circumferentially around the connecting part 11, a drainage slit 13 is arranged on the side wall of the long cylinder close to the bottom of the coring cylinder 31, the drainage slit 13 is in a shape like a Chinese character 'ren', when the drill bit 1 stops rotating, water between the drill bit 1 and the core overflows outwards from the drill bit 1 more efficiently, for the accumulated water in the drill hole, the drill bit 1 can be taken out after the motor is turned off, and the water scoop 4 shown in fig. 3 is used for scooping the accumulated water in the drill hole deeply, and then drilling the core.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the water ladle 4 includes a short cylinder 41 and a holding rod 42, one end of the short cylinder 41 is a closed end, the other end is an open end, the closed end faces downwards, the holding rod 42 is connected with the top of a cylinder side wall at the open end, and the diameter of the drill bit 1 is smaller than that of the short cylinder 41.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, before the long steel rod is inserted into the drill hole, the tail end of the long steel rod is drilled to form a wedge-shaped tip 20, the included angle of the wedge-shaped tip 20 is 25-35 degrees, and the length of the wedge-shaped tip 20 is 4-5 centimeters.
Owing to directly cup joint the rock core through getting core drum 31, do not need imaging equipment to fix a position the fracture face, also do not worry the production of thick liquid and produce the influence to the visual field, sampling cost and the operation degree of difficulty have been reduced, need not use lasso or lantern ring to come to cover the rock core simultaneously and get, the integrality that the rock core can be guaranteed to directly cup joint the rock core with getting core drum 31, avoid the sample failure, whole operation process is simple direct simultaneously, whole efficiency of getting a sample has been increased substantially, can realize the coast on a large scale, shoal and the sample of exposing coral reef rock core.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made thereto within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A core sampling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking a steel cylinder as a core taking cylinder, wherein two ends of the core taking cylinder are respectively an open end and a closed end, a core taking long rod parallel to a shaft of the core taking cylinder is arranged at the closed end, and at least one triangular bayonet which inclines towards the inside of the core taking cylinder is symmetrically arranged on the side wall close to the bottom of the core taking cylinder;
starting a drilling machine, and enabling the drilling machine to drive a drill bit to drill a rock body until a rock core is drilled;
taking out the drill bit, taking a long steel rod, putting the long steel rod into the drill hole by clinging the wall of the drill hole, inserting one end of the long steel rod into a gap between the rock core and the wall of the drill hole at the bottom of the drill hole, and hammering the other end of the long steel rod to separate the rock core from the rock;
step four, inserting the coring cylinder into the drill hole by holding the coring long rod, and slightly rotating the coring cylinder by the coring long rod after sleeving the rock core, so that the tip part of the triangular bayonet which is slightly inclined towards the inside of the cylinder can be embedded into the rock core to fix the rock core;
and step five, pulling out the coring cylinder to take out the core inside the coring cylinder out of the drill hole.
2. The core sampling method of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, after the long coring rod is installed, the opening end of the coring cylinder is polished into a cutting ring structure by a grinding wheel.
3. A core sampling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: at least three water inlet holes are formed in the top of the drill bit in an axial direction around the central axis of the drill bit at equal intervals;
when the drill bit drills a rock body, cold water is sprayed to the drill bit, the cold water flows into the drill bit along the water inlet hole, and a drill hole is filled after the rock core and the drill bit are cooled;
and after the drill bit is overheated to cause that the injected cold water is difficult to cool the drill bit, taking out the drill bit and removing accumulated water in the drill hole, and then drilling the rock core.
4. A method of sampling a core according to claim 3, characterized in that: the end of the long steel rod is drilled to a wedge-shaped tip before inserting the long steel rod into the bore hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110352922.9A CN113236167A (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Rock core sampling method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110352922.9A CN113236167A (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Rock core sampling method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113236167A true CN113236167A (en) | 2021-08-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110352922.9A Pending CN113236167A (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Rock core sampling method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113236167A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114607302A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-10 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Core drilling device and core drilling method |
| CN116517468A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-01 | 四川路桥华东建设有限责任公司 | Drilling and sampling device for side wall of rock mass for tunnel construction survey |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114607302A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-10 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Core drilling device and core drilling method |
| CN114607302B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-03-07 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Core drilling device and core drilling method |
| CN116517468A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-01 | 四川路桥华东建设有限责任公司 | Drilling and sampling device for side wall of rock mass for tunnel construction survey |
| CN116517468B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-25 | 四川路桥华东建设有限责任公司 | Drilling and sampling device for side wall of rock mass for tunnel construction survey |
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Application publication date: 20210810 |