CN113235177B - Preparation process and device of PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber - Google Patents
Preparation process and device of PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN113235177B CN113235177B CN202110565026.0A CN202110565026A CN113235177B CN 113235177 B CN113235177 B CN 113235177B CN 202110565026 A CN202110565026 A CN 202110565026A CN 113235177 B CN113235177 B CN 113235177B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/096—Humidity control, or oiling, of filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
- D02J1/225—Mechanical characteristics of stretching apparatus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process and a device of PP/PE low-melting point composite fiber, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: s1, obtaining modified PE particles by using the PE particles and graphene; s2, carrying out composite spinning on PP and modified PE; s3, cooling and forming the composite fibers by cross air blowing; s4, winding, stretching, curling, drying and shaping the cooled composite fiber; and S5, cutting the composite fibers, and packaging the finished product by a chemical fiber packaging machine. According to the preparation process, the PE is modified on the graphene, so that the tensile strength of the composite fibers is improved, the composite fibers are not easy to break, the softness and the water and air permeability of the composite fibers are improved by two-step oiling, the preparation device stretches the composite fibers through a plurality of groups of stretching rollers, the fibers are prevented from breaking due to overlarge stretching multiple, the tensioning assembly prevents the fibers from falling off the rollers or short jumping, and the winding mechanism enables the composite fibers to be uniformly wound on the winding rollers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field, in particular to a preparation process and a device of PP/PE low-melting point composite fibers.
Background
The PP/PE low-melting-point heat bonding composite fiber is formed by extruding two polymer raw materials, namely polypropylene (PP) and Polyethylene (PE), from a double-screw reed extruder, respectively inputting the two melts into the same sheath-core composite component according to a certain component proportion and viscosity requirements, and spraying out the melts through the same spinneret orifice, and is an important raw material for producing thin and bulky non-woven fabrics. The non-woven fabric produced by the fiber has soft hand feeling, air permeability and water impermeability, has good dipping performance, and is more and more widely applied to the field of sanitary materials, such as diapers for children, sanitary products for women and the like
The existing preparation process of PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber comprises the steps of composite spinning, cooling forming, bundling, drafting, curling, sizing and the like, wherein oiling is carried out by adopting oiling agent in the bundling process so as to reduce electrostatic accumulation of the fiber, improve cohesive force, bundling property and flexibility, and improve the properties of package forming, bundling, stretching, post-processing and the like of the fiber. However, the performance improvement of the composite fiber in the existing oiling process is limited, the development trend of the non-woven fabric industry cannot be followed, the good water-repellent air-permeable performance is given, and the increasingly wide requirements of the non-woven fabric industry in the field of sanitary materials are met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a process and a device for preparing PP/PE low-melting-point composite fibers.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the PE particles and the graphene into a screw extruder for mixing granulation to obtain modified PE particles, and then adding the modified PE particles and the PP particles into the screw extruder for melt extrusion respectively;
s2, feeding the molten PP and the modified PE into a concentric sheath-core spinneret assembly through a screw extruder for extrusion to obtain a low-melting-point composite fiber with a PP layer as a core layer and a modified PE layer as a core layer;
s3, cooling and forming the composite fiber through cross air blowing, wherein the air temperature is 13-15 ℃, the air speed is 1-1.4m/S, the air humidity is 80-90%, and the cooling air blowing position is 40-60cm below the spinneret plate;
s4, winding, stretching, curling and drying and shaping the cooled composite fiber, wherein the stretching multiple is 4 times, and the number of curls is 13-15/2.5 cm; the drying temperature is 105-115 ℃;
s5, cutting the composite fiber into section fibers with the length of 30-40mm, and packaging the section fibers by a chemical fiber packaging machine to obtain the finished product.
Further preferably, the compounding ratio of the modified PE particles to the PP particles in the step S1 is 1:1-2, and the temperature of each zone of the screw extruder is as follows:
modified PE: the first zone is 275-;
PP: the first zone is 270 plus 280 ℃, the second zone is 280 plus 290 ℃, the third zone is 290 plus 300 ℃, the fourth zone is 290 plus 300 ℃, the fifth zone is 285 plus 295 ℃, the flange is 280 plus 290 ℃, and the elbow is 270 plus 280 ℃.
Further preferably, the first oiling is performed before the winding in the step S4, the second oiling is performed by using a water-repellent finishing agent during the drafting in the step S4, and the main components of the water-repellent finishing agent are modified organic silicon and nano microcrystalline cellulose.
Further preferably, the preparation method of the modified organosilicon comprises the following steps: adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil, octadecyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether into a reactor, introducing nitrogen while stirring, heating to 85-90 ℃, dropwise adding chloroplatinic acid, and reacting for 3-4h to obtain the modified organic silicon.
Further preferably, the preparation method of the nano microcrystalline cellulose comprises the following steps: adding microcrystalline cellulose into a reactor, and dropwise adding H under the condition of ice-water bath while stirring2SO4And after fully and uniformly stirring, putting the mixed solution into a constant-temperature water bath for reaction for 1-2h, centrifuging the reaction product at a high speed for 10-15min, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with deionized water, centrifuging, repeating the experiment for 3-5 times, and finally dispersing the precipitate with the deionized water to form turbid liquid.
The utility model provides a PP PE low melting point composite fiber preparation facilities, includes the base, is equipped with stretching mechanism, arrangement mechanism, stoving mechanism and winding mechanism on the base in proper order, and stretching mechanism includes the box, bottom half fixed mounting supporting leg, and box both sides outer wall is equipped with feed inlet and discharge gate respectively, and feed inlet and discharge gate department all are equipped with the guide roller, and the box is inside to be equipped with first tensile roller set, second tensile roller set and third tensile roller set in proper order, the fixed steam heater in box top, is equipped with the water catch bowl in the middle of the bottom half.
Further preferably, arrangement mechanism includes the arrangement pond, and arrangement pond top bilateral symmetry is equipped with the tensioning subassembly, and the tensioning subassembly includes the horizontal pole, and horizontal pole fixed mounting is at arrangement pond top, and the vertical threaded rod that runs through in the middle of the horizontal pole is equipped with, horizontal pole top fixed mounting carousel, the carousel rotates with the horizontal pole to be connected, threaded rod and carousel screw-thread fit, the fixed mounting ejector pad in screw rod bottom, threaded rod and ejector pad rotate to be connected, and the ejector pad both sides are vertical to run through and are equipped with the guide bar, guide bar and ejector pad sliding connection, guide bar bottom fixed mounting U type frame, the guide bar surface between ejector pad and the U type frame is equipped with the spring, fixed mounting pinch roller on the U type frame, the first slider of U type frame both sides fixed mounting, the vertical spout that is equipped with in arrangement pond inner wall correspondence first slider department, first slider and spout sliding connection.
Further preferably, the drying mechanism comprises mounting frames symmetrically arranged on the base, a plurality of drying rollers are arranged between the mounting frames, an air heater is arranged above the drying rollers, a water baffle is arranged below the drying rollers, and the water baffle is obliquely arranged.
Further preferably, the drying rollers are four in number and arranged in a diamond shape, and comprise a first drying roller, a second drying roller, a third drying roller and a fourth drying roller, the first drying roller and the second drying roller are meshed with an output shaft of the first motor through gears, and rotating shafts of the first drying roller, the third drying roller and the fourth drying roller are connected through chains.
Further preferably, the winding mechanism comprises a sliding seat, a screw rod penetrates through the sliding seat, the screw rod is connected with the sliding seat in a rotating mode, one end of the screw rod is connected with an output shaft of a second motor, the second motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sliding seat, a second sliding block is fixedly installed on the screw rod, a winding seat is fixedly installed on the second sliding block, two winding rollers are symmetrically fixed on the winding seat and are connected with the winding seat in a rotating mode, a rotating shaft of each winding roller is connected with the output shaft of a third motor through a belt, and the third motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the winding seat.
Further preferably, the first drawing roller group consists of two horizontal drawing rollers, the drawing rollers are vertically arranged up and down, the drawing rollers are rotatably connected with the box body, a belt is arranged between the rotating shafts of the drawing rollers, the rotating shaft of one drawing roller is connected with an output shaft of a fourth motor, the fourth motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the box body, and the second drawing roller group and the third drawing roller group are identical to the first drawing roller group in structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the tensile strength of the composite fiber is improved by modifying the PE in the graphene, so that the composite fiber is not easy to break, and the softness, water repellency and air permeability of the composite fiber are improved by two-step oiling, wherein the second oiling adopts the synergistic finishing of modified organic silicon and nano microcrystalline cellulose;
2. the composite fiber is stretched by the plurality of groups of stretching rollers, so that the fiber fracture caused by overlarge stretching times is prevented, the composite fiber can be kept tensioned when the lengths of the stretched composite fiber are different by the tensioning assembly, the fiber is prevented from being separated from the rollers excessively long or from jumping excessively short, and the composite fiber can be uniformly wound on the winding roller by the winding mechanism and is not accumulated on one part of the surface of the winding roller.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drawing mechanism of the PP/PE low-melting point composite fiber production apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the finishing mechanism of the PP/PE low-melting point composite fiber preparation device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a tensioning assembly of the PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber preparation device of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying mechanism of the PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber preparation device of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a winding mechanism of the PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber preparation device of the invention.
In the figure:
1-base, 2-stretching mechanism, 3-finishing mechanism, 4-drying mechanism, 5-rolling mechanism, 6-box, 7-supporting leg, 8-feeding inlet, 9-discharging outlet, 10-guide roller, 11-first stretching roller group, 12-second stretching roller group, 13-third stretching roller group, 14-steam heater, 15-water collecting tank, 16-finishing tank, 17-tensioning component, 18-cross bar, 19-threaded bar, 20-pushing block, 21-guide bar, 22-U-shaped frame, 23-spring, 24-pressing roller, 25-first sliding block, 26-sliding groove, 27-mounting frame, 28-drying roller, 281-first drying roller, 282-second drying roller, 283-third drying roller, 284-fourth drying roller, 29-hot air blower, 30-water baffle, 31-first motor, 32-screw rod, 33-second motor, 34-second slide block, 35-winding seat, 36-winding roller, 37-third motor, 38-stretching roller, 39-fourth motor, 40-rotary table and 41-sliding seat.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "opening," "upper," "lower," "thickness," "top," "middle," "length," "inner," "peripheral," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced component or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation process of PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the PE particles and the graphene into a screw extruder for mixing granulation to obtain modified PE particles, then adding the modified PE particles and the PP particles into the screw extruder for melt extrusion respectively, wherein the mixing ratio of the modified PE particles to the PP particles is 1:1, and the temperature of each area of the screw extruder is as follows:
modified PE: the temperature of the first zone is 275 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 290 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 300 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 300 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 290 ℃, the temperature of the flange is 285 ℃, and the temperature of the bent pipe is 275 ℃;
PP: the first zone is 270 ℃, the second zone is 280 ℃, the third zone is 290 ℃, the fourth zone is 290 ℃, the fifth zone is 285 ℃, the flange is 280 ℃ and the bent pipe is 270 ℃;
s2, feeding the molten PP and the modified PE into a concentric sheath-core spinneret assembly through a screw extruder for extrusion to obtain a low-melting-point composite fiber with a PP layer as a core layer and a modified PE layer as a core layer;
s3, cooling and forming the composite fibers by cross-blowing, wherein the air temperature is 13 ℃, the air speed is 1m/S, the air humidity is 80%, and the cooling blowing position is 40cm below the spinneret plate;
s4, winding, stretching, curling and drying and shaping the cooled composite fiber, applying oil for the first time before winding, wherein the stretching multiple is 4 times, applying oil for the second time by adopting a water-repellent finishing agent during drawing treatment, the main components of the water-repellent finishing agent are modified organic silicon and nano microcrystalline cellulose, and the number of curls is 13/2.5 cm; the drying temperature is 105 ℃;
and S5, cutting the composite fiber into section fibers with the length of 30mm, and packaging the section fibers into finished products by a chemical fiber packaging machine.
The preparation method of the modified organic silicon comprises the following steps: adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil, octadecyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether into a reactor, introducing nitrogen while stirring, heating to 85 ℃, dropwise adding chloroplatinic acid, and reacting for 3h to obtain the modified organic silicon.
The preparation method of the nano microcrystalline cellulose comprises the following steps: adding microcrystalline cellulose into a reactor, and dropwise adding H under the condition of ice-water bath while stirring2SO4And after fully and uniformly stirring, putting the mixed solution into a constant-temperature water bath for reaction for 1h, centrifuging the reaction product at a high speed for 10min, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with deionized water, centrifuging, repeating the experiment for 3 times, and finally dispersing the precipitate with the deionized water to form turbid liquid.
Example 2
S1, adding the PE particles and the graphene into a screw extruder for mixing granulation to obtain modified PE particles, then adding the modified PE particles and the PP particles into the screw extruder for melt extrusion respectively, wherein the mixing ratio of the modified PE particles to the PP particles is 12, and the temperature of each area of the screw extruder is as follows:
modified PE: 280 ℃ in a first area, 295 ℃ in a second area, 305 ℃ in a third area, 305 ℃ in a fourth area, 295 ℃ in a fifth area, 290 ℃ in a flange and 280 ℃ in a bent pipe;
PP: the temperature of the first zone is 275 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 285 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 295 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 295 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 290 ℃, the temperature of the flange is 285 ℃, and the temperature of the bent pipe is 275 ℃;
s2, feeding the molten PP and the modified PE into a concentric sheath-core spinneret assembly through a screw extruder for extrusion to obtain a low-melting-point composite fiber with a PP layer as a core layer and a modified PE layer as a core layer;
s3, cooling and forming the composite fibers by cross-blowing, wherein the air temperature is 14 ℃, the air speed is 1.2m/S, the air humidity is 85%, and the cooling blowing position is 50cm below the spinneret plate;
s4, winding, stretching, curling and drying and shaping the cooled composite fiber, performing first oiling before winding, wherein the stretching multiple is 4 times, performing second oiling by adopting a water-repellent finishing agent during drawing treatment, wherein the water-repellent finishing agent mainly comprises modified organic silicon and nano microcrystalline cellulose, and the number of curls is 14/2.5 cm; the drying temperature is 110 ℃;
and S5, cutting the composite fiber into fiber sections with the length of 35mm, and packaging the fiber sections into finished products by a chemical fiber packaging machine.
The preparation method of the modified organic silicon comprises the following steps: adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil, octadecyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether into a reactor, introducing nitrogen while stirring, heating to 90 ℃, dropwise adding chloroplatinic acid, and reacting for 4 hours to obtain the modified organic silicon.
The preparation method of the nano microcrystalline cellulose comprises the following steps: adding microcrystalline cellulose into a reactor, and dropwise adding H under the condition of ice-water bath while stirring2SO4And after fully and uniformly stirring, putting the mixed solution into a constant-temperature water bath for reaction for 1h, centrifuging the reaction product at a high speed for 12min, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with deionized water, centrifuging, repeating the experiment for 4 times, and finally dispersing the precipitate with the deionized water to form turbid liquid.
Example 3
S1, adding the PE particles and the graphene into a screw extruder for mixing granulation to obtain modified PE particles, then adding the modified PE particles and the PP particles into the screw extruder for melt extrusion respectively, wherein the mixing ratio of the modified PE particles to the PP particles is 1:1, and the temperature of each area of the screw extruder is as follows:
modified PE: 285 ℃ in the first area, 300 ℃ in the second area, 310 ℃ in the third area, 310 ℃ in the fourth area, 300 ℃ in the fifth area, 295 ℃ in the flange and 285 ℃ in the elbow pipe;
PP: 280 ℃ in a first area, 290 ℃ in a second area, 300 ℃ in a third area, 300 ℃ in a fourth area, 295 ℃ in a fifth area, 290 ℃ in a flange and 280 ℃ in a bent pipe;
s2, feeding the molten PP and the modified PE into a concentric sheath-core spinneret assembly through a screw extruder for extrusion to obtain a low-melting-point composite fiber with a PP layer as a core layer and a modified PE layer as a core layer;
s3, cooling and forming the composite fiber through cross air blowing, wherein the air temperature is 15 ℃, the air speed is 1-1.4m/S, the air humidity is 90%, and the cooling air blowing position is 60cm below the spinneret plate;
s4, winding, stretching, curling and drying and shaping the cooled composite fiber, applying oil for the first time before winding, wherein the stretching multiple is 4 times, applying oil for the second time by adopting a water-repellent finishing agent during drawing treatment, the water-repellent finishing agent mainly comprises modified organic silicon and nano microcrystalline cellulose, and the number of curls is 15/2.5 cm; the drying temperature is 115 ℃;
and S5, cutting the composite fiber into fiber sections with the length of 40mm, and packaging the fiber sections into finished products by a chemical fiber packaging machine.
The preparation method of the modified organic silicon comprises the following steps: adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil, octadecyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether into a reactor, introducing nitrogen while stirring, heating to 90 ℃, dropwise adding chloroplatinic acid, and reacting for 4 hours to obtain the modified organic silicon.
The preparation method of the nano microcrystalline cellulose comprises the following steps: adding microcrystalline cellulose into a reactor, and dropwise adding H under the condition of ice-water bath while stirring2SO4Fully and uniformly stirring, putting the mixed solution into a constant-temperature water bath for reaction for 2 hours, centrifuging the reaction product at a high speed for 15min, removing supernatant, and cleaning the precipitate with deionized waterAfter washing, centrifuging, repeating the experiment for 5 times, and finally dispersing the precipitate by deionized water to form a suspension.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a PP/PE low melting point composite fiber preparation device, which comprises a base 1, wherein a stretching mechanism 2, an arranging mechanism 3, a drying mechanism 4 and a winding mechanism 5 are sequentially arranged on the base 1, the stretching mechanism 2 comprises a box body 6, supporting legs 7 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the box body 6, the outer walls of two sides of the box body 6 are respectively provided with a feed inlet 8 and a discharge outlet 9, the feed inlet 8 and the discharge outlet 9 are respectively provided with a guide roller 10, a first stretching roller set 11, a second stretching roller set 12 and a third stretching roller set 13 are sequentially arranged inside the box body 6, a steam heater 14 is fixed at the top of the box body 6, and a water collecting tank 15 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the box body 6.
The first drawing roller group 11 is composed of two horizontal drawing rollers 38, the drawing rollers 38 are vertically arranged, the drawing rollers 38 are rotatably connected with the box body 6, rotating shafts of the drawing rollers 38 are connected with an output shaft of a fourth motor 39 through a belt, the fourth motor 39 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the box body 6, and the second drawing roller group 12 and the third drawing roller group 13 are identical to the first drawing roller group 11 in structure.
The composite fiber enters from the material guiding roller 10 at the feeding port 8, and is guided out from the material guiding roller 10 at the discharging port 9 after surrounding the stretching rollers 38 of the first stretching roller group 11, the second stretching roller group 12 and the third stretching roller group 13, the steam heater 14 provides high-temperature steam for the composite fiber in the box body, so that the temperature of the composite fiber in the box body is raised to 120-fold 140 ℃, wherein the rotating speeds of the stretching rollers 38 of the first stretching roller group 11, the second stretching roller group 12 and the third stretching roller group 13 are sequentially increased, so as to obtain fibers with different stretching multiples, for example: the ratio of the rotation speed of the stretching rollers 38 of the second stretching roller group 12 to that of the first roller group 11 is set to 2: 1, the ratio of the rotation speed of the stretching rollers 38 of the third stretching roller group 13 to that of the second stretching roller group 12 is 2: 1, the draw ratio of the final fiber is 4 times.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the arranging mechanism 3 includes an arranging tank 16, the two sides of the top of the arranging tank 16 are symmetrically provided with tensioning assemblies 17, the tensioning assemblies 17 include a cross rod 18, the cross rod 18 is fixedly installed at the top of the arranging tank 16, a threaded rod 19 is vertically penetrated in the middle of the cross rod 18, a turntable 40 is fixedly installed at the top of the cross rod 18, the turntable 40 is rotatably connected with the cross rod 18, the threaded rod 19 is in threaded fit with the turntable 40, a push block 20 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the threaded rod 19, the threaded rod 19 is rotatably connected with the push block 20, guide rods 21 are vertically penetrated at the two sides of the push block 20 and are slidably connected with the push block 20, a U-shaped frame 22 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide rods 21, a spring 23 is arranged on the surface of the guide rods 21 between the push block 20 and the U-shaped frame 22, a pressing roller 24 is fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame 22, first sliding blocks 25 are fixedly installed at the two sides of the U-shaped frame 22, a sliding block 26 is vertically arranged at the inner wall of the arranging tank 16 corresponding to the first sliding blocks 25, the first slider 25 is slidably connected to the slide groove 26.
After the composite fibers are stretched, the composite fibers are led out through the guide roller 10 at the discharge port 9, the composite fibers are pressed into the water repellent finishing agent in the finishing pool 16 through the pressing roller 24 for water repellent finishing, wherein the pressing roller 24 is fixed with the U-shaped frame 22, the U-shaped frame 22 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the finishing pool 16, the U-shaped frame 22 is in sliding connection with the push block 20 through the guide rod 21, and the surface of the guide rod is provided with the spring 23, so that when the composite fibers are stretched and have different lengths, the spring 23 can push the pressing roller 24 to keep the composite fibers tensioned, and the fibers are prevented from being too long to slip out of the rollers or too short to break.
As shown in fig. 5, the drying mechanism 4 includes mounting frames 27 symmetrically disposed on the base 1, a plurality of drying rollers 28 are disposed between the mounting frames 27, a hot air blower 29 is disposed above the drying rollers 28, a water baffle 30 is disposed below the drying rollers 28, and the water baffle 30 is disposed in an inclined manner.
The number of the drying rollers 28 is four and is arranged in a diamond shape, and the drying rollers include a first drying roller 281, a second drying roller 282, a third drying roller 283 and a fourth drying roller 284, the first drying roller 281 and the second drying roller 282 are engaged with an output shaft of the first motor 31 through gears, and rotating shafts of the first drying roller 281, the third drying roller 283 and the fourth drying roller 284 are connected through chains.
The composite fibers subjected to water repellent finishing pass through the four drying rollers 28 in a surrounding mode, hot air is blown onto the drying rollers 28 through the hot air blower 29, and the composite fibers are dried through the hot air after passing through the drying rollers 28.
The winding mechanism 5 comprises a sliding seat 41, a screw rod 32 penetrates through the sliding seat 41, the screw rod 32 is rotatably connected with the sliding seat 41, one end of the screw rod 32 is connected with an output shaft of a second motor 33, the second motor 33 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sliding seat 41, a second sliding block 34 is fixedly installed on the screw rod 32, a winding seat 35 is fixedly installed on the second sliding block 34, two winding rollers 36 are symmetrically fixed on the winding seat 35, the winding rollers 36 are rotatably connected with the winding seat 35, a rotating shaft of each winding roller 36 is connected with an output shaft of a third motor 37 through a belt, and the third motor 37 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the winding seat 35.
The dried composite fiber is wound through the winding mechanism 5, and the winding seat 35 is driven by the second motor 33 to slide along the sliding seat 41 during winding, so that the composite fiber can be uniformly wound on the winding roller 36 and cannot be accumulated on one surface of the winding roller 36.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation process of PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding the PE particles and the graphene into a screw extruder for mixing granulation to obtain modified PE particles, and then adding the modified PE particles and the PP particles into the screw extruder for melt extrusion respectively;
s2, feeding the molten PP and the modified PE into a concentric sheath-core spinneret assembly through a screw extruder for extrusion to obtain a low-melting-point composite fiber with a PP layer as a core layer and a modified PE layer as a core layer;
s3, cooling and forming the composite fiber through cross air blowing, wherein the air temperature is 13-15 ℃, the air speed is 1-1.4m/S, the air humidity is 80-90%, and the cooling air blowing position is 40-60cm below the spinneret plate;
s4, winding, stretching, curling and drying and shaping the cooled composite fiber, wherein the stretching multiple is 4 times, and the number of curls is 13-15/2.5 cm; the drying temperature is 105-115 ℃;
s5, cutting the composite fiber into section fibers with the length of 30-40mm, and packaging the section fibers into finished products by a chemical fiber packaging machine;
the PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber preparation device comprises a base (1), wherein a stretching mechanism (2), a sorting mechanism (3), a drying mechanism (4) and a winding mechanism (5) are sequentially arranged on the base (1), the stretching mechanism (2) comprises a box body (6), supporting legs (7) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the box body (6), the outer walls of two sides of the box body (6) are respectively provided with a feeding hole (8) and a discharging hole (9), material guide rollers (10) are respectively arranged at the positions of the feeding hole (8) and the discharging hole (9), a first stretching roller set (11), a second stretching roller set (12) and a third stretching roller set (13) are sequentially arranged in the box body (6), a steam heater (14) is fixed at the top of the box body (6), and a water collecting tank (15) is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the box body (6);
the arrangement mechanism (3) comprises an arrangement tank (16), tensioning assemblies (17) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the top of the arrangement tank (16), each tensioning assembly (17) comprises a cross rod (18), the cross rod (18) is fixedly arranged on the top of the arrangement tank (16), a threaded rod (19) vertically penetrates through the middle of the cross rod (18), a rotary plate (40) is fixedly arranged on the top of the cross rod (18), the rotary plate (40) is rotatably connected with the cross rod (18), the threaded rod (19) is in threaded fit with the rotary plate (40), a push block (20) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the threaded rod (19), the threaded rod (19) is rotatably connected with the push block (20), guide rods (21) are vertically arranged on two sides of the push block (20) in a penetrating manner, the guide rods (21) are slidably connected with the push block (20), and U-shaped frames (22) are fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the guide rods (21), the surface of a guide rod (21) between the push block (20) and the U-shaped frame (22) is provided with a spring (23), the U-shaped frame (22) is fixedly provided with a pressing roller (24), two sides of the U-shaped frame (22) are fixedly provided with first sliding blocks (25), the inner wall of the sorting pool (16) is vertically provided with a sliding groove (26) corresponding to the first sliding blocks (25), and the first sliding blocks (25) are connected with the sliding groove (26) in a sliding manner.
2. The process for preparing PP/PE low-melting composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the blending ratio of the modified PE particles to the PP particles in the step S1 is 1:1-2, and the temperatures of the zones of the screw extruder are as follows:
modified PE: the first zone is 275-;
PP: the first zone is 270 plus 280 ℃, the second zone is 280 plus 290 ℃, the third zone is 290 plus 300 ℃, the fourth zone is 290 plus 300 ℃, the fifth zone is 285 plus 295 ℃, the flange is 280 plus 290 ℃, and the elbow is 270 plus 280 ℃.
3. The process for preparing the PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein a first oiling process is carried out before the winding in the step S4, a second oiling process is carried out by adopting a water-repellent finishing agent during the drawing treatment in the step S4, and the water-repellent finishing agent mainly comprises modified organic silicon and nano microcrystalline cellulose.
4. The preparation process of the PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the modified organic silicon is as follows: adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil, octadecyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether into a reactor, introducing nitrogen while stirring, heating to 85-90 ℃, dropwise adding chloroplatinic acid, and reacting for 3-4h to obtain the modified organic silicon.
5. The preparation process of the PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the nano microcrystalline cellulose comprises the following steps: adding microcrystalline cellulose into a reactor, and dropwise adding H under the condition of ice-water bath while stirring2SO4Fully stirring uniformly, putting the mixed solution into a constant-temperature water bath for reaction for 1-2h, centrifuging the reaction product at high speed for 10-15min, removing supernatant, and precipitatingAnd washing the precipitate with deionized water, centrifuging, repeating the experiment for 3-5 times, and dispersing the precipitate with deionized water to form a suspension.
6. The PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the drying mechanism (4) comprises mounting frames (27) symmetrically arranged on a base (1), a plurality of drying rollers (28) are arranged between the mounting frames (27), a hot air blower (29) is arranged above the drying rollers (28), a water baffle (30) is arranged below the drying rollers (28), and the water baffle (30) is obliquely arranged.
7. The preparation process of the PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber is characterized in that the number of the drying rollers (28) is four, the drying rollers are arranged in a diamond shape, the drying rollers comprise a first drying roller (281), a second drying roller (282), a third drying roller (283) and a fourth drying roller (284), the first drying roller (281) and the second drying roller (282) are meshed with an output shaft of a first motor (31) through gears, and rotating shafts of the first drying roller (281), the third drying roller (283) and the fourth drying roller (284) are connected through chains.
8. The PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the winding mechanism (5) comprises a sliding seat (41), a screw rod (32) penetrates through the sliding seat (41), the screw rod (32) is rotationally connected with the sliding seat (41), one end of the screw rod (32) is connected with an output shaft of a second motor (33), the second motor (33) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sliding seat (41), a second sliding block (34) is fixedly installed on the screw rod (32), a winding seat (35) is fixedly installed on the second sliding block (34), two winding rollers (36) are symmetrically fixed on the winding seat (35), the winding rollers (36) are rotationally connected with the winding seat (35), rotating shafts of the winding rollers (36) are connected through a belt, and a rotating shaft of one winding roller (36) is connected with an output shaft of a third motor (37), and the third motor (37) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the winding seat (35).
9. The PP/PE low-melting-point composite fiber preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the first drawing roller group (11) consists of two horizontal drawing rollers (38), the drawing rollers (38) are vertically arranged up and down, the drawing rollers (38) are rotatably connected with the box body (6), rotating shafts of the drawing rollers (38) are connected with an output shaft of a fourth motor (39) through a belt, the rotating shaft of one drawing roller (38) is connected with the output shaft of the fourth motor (39), the fourth motor (39) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the box body (6), and the second drawing roller group (12) and the third drawing roller group (13) are identical to the first drawing roller group (11) in structure.
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