CN113234364A - Pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating, preparation method thereof and coating structure - Google Patents
Pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating, preparation method thereof and coating structure Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D125/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D125/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C09D125/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C09D125/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C09D125/14—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/004—Reflecting paints; Signal paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
Abstract
The invention discloses a pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating. The coating comprises styrene-acrylic emulsion, nano calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, water and an auxiliary agent. The preparation method prepares the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating through styrene-acrylic emulsion, nano calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, water and an auxiliary agent. The coating structure is a single-layer structure formed by pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating, and the thickness of the single-layer structure is not less than 300 mu m. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the white pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating with the direct sunlight and the surface temperature obviously lower than the ambient temperature is provided, the bottom surface is of an integral single-layer structure, fluorescence refrigeration and pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration are not introduced, the solar reflectivity is not lower than 97 percent, and the infrared radiance is 90-92 percent. In sunny summer with a non-radiative heat transfer coefficient of 4.04-4.39 Wm-2K-1 of conduction and convection, the surface temperature of the coating of the aluminum plate coated with the white pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is lower than the ambient temperature (11.96 +/-0.45) - (13.35 +/-0.85) DEG C under direct sunlight at noon, and the aluminum plate has an abnormally significant daytime passive radiation refrigeration effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of passive refrigeration, and particularly relates to a pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating, a preparation method thereof and a coating structure.
Background
According to statistics, the electricity consumption of the air conditioners of the global residences and commercial buildings in 2018 is as high as 1932 terawatt-hour (1 terawatt-hour is equal to 1 trillion watt-hour), wherein the electricity consumption of the air conditioners in China accounts for 34 percent and is high in the first place of the world. 40% of the electricity consumption of the huge air conditioner is the refrigeration energy consumption of the building in summer, and accounts for 15% of the total electricity consumption of the whole world. Worldwide, 65.1% of electrical energy is derived from burning coal (38.3%), oil (3.7%) and natural gas (23.1%). The direct result of the huge amount of air conditioners for active refrigeration of buildings in summer causes the exhaustion of non-renewable fossil resources day by day; the formation of haze is aggravated; the emission of greenhouse gases is increased by 10 percent; the city heat island effect is enhanced because the air conditioner actively cools the building and only discharges the heat inside the building to the outside.
The peak of the cooling and power utilization of a building in summer usually occurs in the daytime, especially in the midday period. The solar illumination intensity is usually 700W/m2Above, up to 1000W/m2The net heat radiated by the ideal radiation refrigerator in the form of infrared is usually 100W/m2Left and right. Thus, radiant cooling with direct sunlight and lower surface temperatures than ambient air temperatures is of course most significant and difficult to achieve.
Scientifically speaking, when the solar heat absorbed by the surface of the straight sky is less than the net heat emitted by the surface in the form of infrared radiation, the radiation refrigeration phenomenon that the surface temperature is lower than the ambient temperature occurs. However, the presence of both non-radiative heat transfer, conduction and convection, makes this phenomenon highly impressive, seemingly contrary to conventional wisdom, and actually follows the law of conservation of energy entirely. However, in order to observe the radiation refrigeration phenomenon that the surface temperature is obviously lower than the ambient temperature in the daytime, especially in direct sunlight, the solar emissivity of the surface is required to be at least more than 94%, and the selective emissivity or the overall infrared emissivity (broad-spectrum radiation) of the surface is as high as possible in an atmospheric window (8-13 μm).
The method is easy to know and simple in principle, but is limited by the fact that no surface material exists in the nature, wherein the surface material has extremely high solar reflectivity in the solar spectrum range (0.4-2.5 mu m) and has very high radiance in the infrared spectrum (2.5-100 mu m) and especially in the atmospheric window range. Until 2014, the research and development team of professor of fangshan of Stanford university increases the solar reflectance of the surface to 97% by plating precious metal silver with the highest natural solar reflectance on a silicon crystal plate, and simultaneously, seven layers of silicon dioxide and hafnium dioxide are alternately plated on the silver, so that the selective infrared radiation of the surface in an atmospheric window is increased to 67%, and the photon radiation refrigerator with the nano structure is prepared. Under the conditions of pressing conduction and convection heat transfer, the phenomenon that the surface temperature is lower than the ambient temperature by about 5 ℃ when sunlight is directly irradiated is successfully observed for the first time. Since then, research on radiation refrigeration with the surface temperature lower than the ambient temperature in direct sunlight has become one of the leading fields of research on the most intense heat worldwide in the past few years.
Indeed, the rare metal silver is beneficial to maximally suppressing the absorption of the surface to solar heat so as to realize radiation refrigeration under direct sunlight, but the use of the metal silver causes the radiation refrigeration technologies to have expensive large-scale production price, complex structure and harsh process.
In order to simplify the realization and application of the radiation refrigeration technology, researchers at Columbia university use acetone and water as cosolvent, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer which is as expensive as silver and has high solar reflectance (96%) is dissolved to prepare a high polymer film, the solar reflectance and the selective infrared radiance of an atmospheric window are respectively 96% and 97%, and the solar reflectance and the selective infrared radiance of the atmospheric window are observed to be lower than that of ambient air in daytimeThe temperature is 6 ℃, and the corresponding refrigeration power is 96W/m2. On the basis, different coatings are prepared by adding barium sulfate, aluminum oxide or polytetrafluoroethylene powder into a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer solution. The coating has very high broad-spectrum infrared radiance, the solar reflectance of barium sulfate based coating is as high as 98%, and the solar reflectance of aluminum oxide or polytetrafluoroethylene is more than 94%. However, the use of acetone as an organic solvent as a co-solvent makes the membrane material both environmentally unfriendly and also not conducive to storage, transport and use. Meanwhile, the purchase of acetone as an easily-toxic chemical in China is managed and controlled, and the acetone is not beneficial to large-scale production. In addition, the solvent-based coating contains Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), is not only toxic to human bodies and pollutes the environment, but also is flammable and explosive, and is gradually limited to be used in the building industry at present.
In order to accelerate the mass production and wide application of the radiation refrigeration technology, in the early research, the conventional commercial raw materials and coating production methods are utilized to successfully develop the hydrophobic self-cleaning fluorescent and radiation refrigeration coating with the water-based single-layer structure. By introducing a fluorescence refrigeration mechanism, the effective solar reflectivity of the coating surface is successfully improved to 94%, and although the aim that the temperature of the coating surface is far lower than the ambient temperature under direct sunlight is successfully achieved, the solar reflectivity has a small improvement space. In addition, the solar reflectance of white fluorescent and radiant refrigeration coatings cannot be directly measured using uv/vis/nir spectrophotometers, since the luminescence of fluorescent pigments interferes with the light source of the test equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating, a preparation method thereof and a coating structure, and solves the problems that the existing radiation refrigeration coating is not easy to manufacture and has low reflectivity. The invention aims to provide a pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating with solar reflectivity not less than 97%, which can realize direct sunlight and surface temperature significantly lower than the ambient temperature, so as to meet the passive refrigeration requirements of buildings, oil and gas storage tanks, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) transport ships, tank cars, cold-chain logistics, grain bins, communication base stations, transformer substations, curtains, sunshade umbrellas and other scenes, and can also be applied to infrared camouflage stealth of military mesh cloth.
It is emphasized that it is not possible to talk about a radiant refrigeration coating in direct sunlight with a conventional solar heat reflective insulation coating! The solar reflectivity of the traditional solar heat reflection heat insulation coating is usually between 80% and 90%, and refrigeration with the surface temperature lower than the ambient temperature cannot be realized. Therefore, the greatest difference between the radiation refrigeration coating and the solar heat reflection heat insulation coating is that the solar reflectivity of the radiation refrigeration coating is not lower than 94%, and the surface temperature of the coating is obviously lower than the ambient temperature under the direct sunlight; the solar reflectance of the solar heat reflecting heat-insulating coating is not higher than 90%, and the surface temperature of the coating is usually higher than the ambient temperature under the direct sunlight.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the white pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating with the surface temperature obviously lower than the ambient temperature after direct sunlight is of a single-layer structure with an integrated bottom surface, and the solar reflectivity of the coating is not lower than 97% when the thickness of the coating is not lower than 300 mu m. The wavelength range of the solar spectrum is between 250 and 2500nm, the solar spectrum is divided into an ultraviolet light region (250 to 400nm), a visible light region (400 to 700nm) and a near infrared region (400 to 2500nm), and the ratio of the three parts in solar energy (heat) is respectively 5%, 42% and 53%. The reflectivity in the three regions is called the spectral reflectivity, and even in each region, the energy distribution of the sun is not evenly distributed. The solar reflectance is the spectral reflectance of the three regions integrated according to the above ratio. When the solar reflectivity is not less than 97%, the ultraviolet spectrum reflectivity, the visible light spectrum reflectivity and the near infrared spectrum reflectivity of the surface of the coating are not less than 97.4%, 99.2% and 94.3% respectively.
The solar reflectance of the rare metal silver or silver-plated coating with the highest natural solar reflectance is 97%, the white pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating with the direct sunlight lower surface temperature significantly lower than the ambient temperature is higher than 97%, and simultaneously, the passive radiation refrigeration coating with the direct sunlight lower surface temperature significantly lower than the ambient temperature has the lowest requirement that the solar reflectance of the surface material is not lower than 94% in daytime. At noon in sunny summer, the solar radiation intensity can reach 1000W/square meter, more than 97% of the solar radiation is reflected when the solar radiation irradiates the surface of the coating, only the solar heat less than 30W/square meter is absorbed, and the absorption of the surface of the coating to the solar heat is greatly suppressed.
Furthermore, the spectral infrared radiance of the white pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating with the surface temperature obviously lower than the ambient temperature after the sunlight is directly irradiated is between 90 and 92 percent, and the white pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating has strong infrared radiation in an atmospheric window and the whole infrared region outside the atmospheric window and has the characteristic of broad-spectrum radiation. In a clear weather, heat of more than 100 watts per square meter can be dissipated from the coating surface in the form of infrared radiation.
All objects on the earth continuously radiate heat outwards in the form of infrared radiation, which is the theoretical basis of infrared temperature measurement and infrared detection technology. The infrared radiance is measured by the surface heat dissipation capability of an object, and the higher the radiance is, the better the heat dissipation capability is. A good radiant cooler must have both a solar reflectance of not less than 94% and a high infrared emissivity, in other words, a good radiant cooler must minimally absorb solar heat while maximally dissipating it, neither of which is acceptable. For example, silver has the highest solar reflectance of 97% in nature, but silver has an infrared emissivity of less than 10% as well as other metals, and is poor in heat dissipation. Therefore, when the metallic silver is placed in direct sunlight, the surface absorbs only 3% of the solar heat, but the absorbed heat is not dissipated and gradually accumulates, and finally the surface becomes hot. On the other hand, sand in desert, the main component of which is silicon dioxide, is the best atmospheric window selective radiation material, but because the solar reflectivity of the sand is not high, the surface of the sand is very hot in the daytime, especially when the sun is directly irradiated at noon, and people walk on the sand to feel hot.
A broad-spectrum radiation-type paint for refrigerating is prepared from styrene-acrylic emulsion, nano calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, water and assistant.
Further, the coating comprises, by weight, 20-30 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 40-50 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 10-20 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-13 parts of water and 5-7 parts of an auxiliary agent.
The pure acrylic emulsion has characteristic absorption in a near infrared region, so that the spectral reflectivity in the near infrared region can be improved by selecting the styrene-acrylic emulsion. The nano calcium carbonate is used as a white pigment to improve the spectral reflectivity of the coating in an ultraviolet region, and the silica can improve the selective infrared radiance of the coating in an atmospheric window.
Further, the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a thickening agent and a film-forming auxiliary agent. The addition of these auxiliaries can greatly improve the quality of the coating.
Furthermore, the non-radiative heat transfer coefficient in conduction and convection is 4.04-4.39 Wm-2K-1In sunny summer, the surface temperature of the coating on the aluminum plate coated with the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is lower than the ambient temperature (11.96 +/-0.45-13.35 +/-0.85) DEG C under the direct incidence of sunlight at noon.
The preparation method of the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating comprises the step of preparing the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating through styrene-acrylic emulsion, nano calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, water and an auxiliary agent.
Further, the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a thickening agent and a film-forming auxiliary agent.
Further, after the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the nano calcium carbonate, the silicon dioxide, the water and the auxiliary agent are mixed, the mixture is stirred at a high speed and dispersed uniformly, and the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating can be prepared.
The pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating forms a single-layer structure, and the thickness of the single-layer structure is not less than 300 mu m.
Further, the solar reflectance of the coating is not less than 97%. The solar reflectance of the surface material is not less than 94% which is higher than 97% of rare metal silver or silver-plated coating with the highest natural solar reflectance and is far higher than the lowest requirement that the surface temperature is obviously lower than the ambient temperature in the daytime of direct sunlight and passive radiation refrigeration
Furthermore, the broad-spectrum infrared radiance of the coating is 90-92%. The coating has high infrared radiance in the range of an atmospheric window (8-13 mu m), and also has high infrared radiance in other infrared bands outside the atmospheric window. In other words, the coating has the property of a broad spectrum of radiation,
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the white pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating with the direct sunlight and the surface temperature obviously lower than the ambient temperature is provided, the bottom surface is of an integral single-layer structure, fluorescence refrigeration and pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration are not introduced, the solar reflectivity is not lower than 97 percent, and the infrared radiance is 90-92 percent. The non-radiative heat transfer coefficient in conduction and convection is 4.04-4.39 Wm-2K-1In sunny summer, the surface temperature of the coating on the aluminum plate coated with the white pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is lower than the ambient temperature (11.96 +/-0.45-13.35 +/-0.85) DEG C under the direct incidence of sunlight at noon, and the aluminum plate has an abnormally obvious daytime passive radiation refrigeration effect.
The main scheme and the further selection schemes can be freely combined to form a plurality of schemes which are all adopted and claimed by the invention; in the invention, the selection (each non-conflict selection) and other selections can be freely combined. The skilled person in the art can understand that there are many combinations, which are all the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, according to the prior art and the common general knowledge after understanding the scheme of the present invention, and the technical solutions are not exhaustive herein.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the reflectance at different wavelengths of a pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the surface temperature, ambient air temperature and illumination intensity of the aluminum plate at different times of the pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the reflectance of a pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of example 2 of the present invention at different wavelengths.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the surface temperature, ambient air temperature and illumination intensity of the aluminum plate at different times of the pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the reflectance of a pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of example 3 of the present invention at different wavelengths.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the surface temperature, ambient air temperature and illumination intensity of the aluminum plate at different times for the pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples serve to illustrate the invention.
The prepared white broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is coated on a 4cm x 4cm aluminum plate in an airless spraying mode, and the spectral reflectivity and the total solar reflectivity and the infrared emissivity of the coating are respectively measured by an ultraviolet/visible light/near infrared spectrophotometer (Pekin-Elmer Lambda950) and a portable infrared radiance tester (AE1, Devices & Services Co., Dallas, TX).
The prepared white broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is coated on an aluminum alloy plate (31cm long, 31cm wide and 1.0cm thick) of a self-built refrigerator in an airless spraying mode, and the ambient temperature is measured by using a thermal resistor placed in a louver box near the refrigerator, because the aluminum alloy is a good thermal conductor, the surface temperature of the coating is equal to the temperature of the aluminum alloy, and the surface temperature of the coating can be measured by using the thermal resistor inserted into a middle round hole of the aluminum alloy plate. The wind speed is measured by an anemometer, the conduction and convection non-radiative heat transfer coefficients are calculated, and the solar irradiation intensity is measured by an irradiator. The measured data are transmitted to the computer terminal through wireless.
Example 1:
the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating comprises, by weight, 20 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 40 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 20 parts of silicon dioxide, 13 parts of water, 2 parts of wetting agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 1 part of defoaming agent and 2 parts of film-forming assistant.
The preparation method of the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating comprises the steps of mixing the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the nano calcium carbonate, the silicon dioxide, the water and the auxiliary agent according to the formula amount, stirring at a high speed for dispersing, and uniformly dispersing to obtain the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating.
The pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is coated on an aluminum alloy plate of a self-built refrigerator, and the thickness of a dry film of the coating is controlled to be 300 mu m, so that the single-coating structure of the coating can be obtained.
Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the reflectivity of the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of the present embodiment of the invention at different wavelengths. The total infrared radiance of the refrigeration coating is 90%, the total solar reflectance is 97.16%, and the ultraviolet spectrum reflectance, the visible light spectrum reflectance and the near infrared spectrum reflectance are 97.48%, 99.22% and 94.34% respectively.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the surface temperature, ambient air temperature and illumination intensity of the aluminum plate at different times of the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of the embodiment of the invention. It can be seen that even during the midday summer period when the cloudy radiation is poor, the heat transfer coefficient when conduction and convection is 4.39Wm-2K-1When the temperature of the surface of the coating is lower than the ambient temperature, the average value of the lower temperature is (11.96 +/-0.45) DEG C.
Example 2:
a pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 45 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 15 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of water, 1 part of wetting agent, 1 part of dispersing agent, 1 part of defoaming agent and 2 parts of film-forming assistant.
A preparation method and a coating structure of the passive radiation refrigeration coating are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the reflectivity of the pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of the present embodiment of the invention at different wavelengths. The total infrared radiance of the refrigeration coating is 91%, the total solar reflectance is 97.27%, and the ultraviolet spectrum reflectance, the visible light spectrum reflectance and the near infrared spectrum reflectance are 97.42%, 99.34% and 94.43% respectively.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the surface temperature, ambient air temperature and illumination intensity of the aluminum plate at different times of the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of the embodiment of the invention. It can be seen that the heat transfer coefficient between conduction and convection is 4.04Wm during the midday period of summer when the illumination intensity is greater than 800W/dm-2K-1When the temperature of the surface of the coating is lower than the ambient temperature constantly, the average value of the lower temperature is 13.35 +/-0.85 ℃.
Example 3:
a pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 50 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 10 parts of silicon dioxide, 9 parts of water, 2 parts of wetting agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 1 part of defoaming agent and 1 part of film-forming assistant.
A preparation method and a coating structure of the passive radiation refrigeration coating are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the reflectance of the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of the present embodiment of the invention at different wavelengths. The total infrared radiance of the refrigeration coating is 92%, the total solar reflectance is 97.33%, and the ultraviolet spectrum reflectance, the visible light spectrum reflectance and the near infrared spectrum reflectance are 97.51%, 99.33% and 94.59% respectively.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the surface temperature, ambient air temperature and illumination intensity of the aluminum plate at different times of the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating according to the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that in cloudy days with the illumination intensity of 300-800W/square meter, the heat transfer coefficient of conduction and convection is 4.14Wm in the midday period-2K-1When the temperature of the surface of the coating is lower than the ambient temperature, the average value of the lower temperature is (12.99 +/-0.51) DEG C.
As is known, infrared radiation is affected by humidity, cloud amount and haze, and the infrared radiation refrigerating capacity in cloudy days is lower than that in sunny days, so the solar reflectance of the embodiment is higher than that of the embodiment 2, but the refrigerating effect of the surface temperature lower than the ambient temperature is slightly lower than that of the embodiment 2. It is expected that the temperature difference measured in clear weather, with the surface temperature below ambient temperature, will be greater than (13.35 ± 0.85) ° c. Since aluminum alloy is a good conductor of heat, the thermal mass (mass multiplied by specific heat capacity) is small, and if the coating is coated on the surface of concrete with high thermal mass, the refrigerating temperature difference of the surface temperature lower than the ambient temperature is more than 20 ℃.
The foregoing basic embodiments of the invention and their various further alternatives can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are contemplated and claimed herein. In the scheme of the invention, each selection example can be combined with any other basic example and selection example at will. For example, fig. … … can also be regarded as a combination of the basic example and the option … …, fig. … … can also be regarded as a combination of the basic example and the option … …, and so on, which are not exhaustive, and those skilled in the art can recognize many combinations.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is characterized in that: comprises styrene-acrylic emulsion, nano calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, water and an auxiliary agent.
2. The pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of claim 1, wherein: the coating comprises, by weight, 20-30 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 40-50 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 10-20 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-13 parts of water and 5-7 parts of auxiliary agent.
3. A pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a thickening agent and a film-forming auxiliary agent.
4. The pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of claim 1, wherein: the non-radiative heat transfer coefficient in conduction and convection is 4.04-4.39 Wm-2K-1In sunny summer, the surface temperature of the coating on the aluminum plate coated with the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is lower than the ambient temperature (11.96 +/-0.45-13.35 +/-0.85) DEG C under the direct incidence of sunlight at noon.
5. A preparation method of the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating is prepared from styrene-acrylic emulsion, nano calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, water and an auxiliary agent.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the nano calcium carbonate, the silicon dioxide, the water and the auxiliary agent are mixed, stirred at a high speed for dispersion, and dispersed uniformly to prepare the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating.
7. A coating structure of the pure broad spectrum radiation refrigeration coating of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the pure broad-spectrum radiation refrigeration coating forms a single-layer structure.
8. The coating architecture according to claim 7, wherein: the thickness of the single-layer structure is not less than 300 mu m.
9. The coating architecture of claim 8, wherein: the solar reflectance of the coating is not less than 97%.
10. The coating architecture according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: the broad-spectrum infrared radiance of the coating is 90-92%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113820354A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-21 | 中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司 | Daytime passive radiation refrigeration coating real-time monitoring system and monitoring method thereof |
| CN113881289A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2022-01-04 | 中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司 | Anti-flash-rust daytime passive radiation refrigeration coating, preparation method thereof and coating structure |
| CN113930104A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-14 | 上海正帆科技股份有限公司 | Radiation refrigeration composite membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
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