CN113234288B - High-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube based on multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube based on multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube based on multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification, which is characterized in that: comprises an ethylene propylene rubber matrix, an auxiliary agent and a modified filler; the filler is modified aramid fiber, the modified aramid fiber is prepared by firstly forming a hybrid material by depositing and modifying graphene nanosheets and polyamide nanofibers through cellulose nanocrystals through covalent bonds, and then forming a multi-dimensional nanostructure material on the surface of the aramid fiber through polydopamine binder. The invention also discloses a specific preparation method of the high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube. The ethylene-propylene rubber tube prepared by the method has good mechanical property and heat resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a high-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube based on multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ethylene-propylene rubber is a copolymer synthesized by taking ethylene and propylene as basic monomers, and molecular chains of the ethylene-propylene rubber are different according to monomer unit compositions, and the ethylene-propylene rubber comprises two major types of ethylene-propylene copolymers and ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers. The ethylene propylene rubber has controllable structure, saturated molecular main chain and excellent aging resistance, and is widely applied to industries of automobile accessories, wires and cables, building materials, heat-resistant rubber tubes, sealing elements and the like, particularly as the heat-resistant rubber tubes, and widely applied to the fields of aerospace and automobiles. However, the pure ethylene propylene diene monomer material has certain defects, poor heat resistance and mechanical properties, and needs to be further modified.
Patent CN201510940682.9 provides an ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber tube special for automobiles, which comprises the following raw materials: ethylene propylene diene monomer, nitrile rubber, stearic acid, zinc oxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, sulfur, bis (diisopropyl) phosphoryl sulfide, modified montmorillonite, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide, white carbon black, a silane coupling agent KH-560, 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, an accelerator, an anti-aging agent and a plasticizer; the modified montmorillonite is prepared by the following process: uniformly mixing rapeseed oil, ethylenediamine and Al2O3, reacting, adding methacrylic acid and 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane, reacting at the temperature of 130-145 ℃ for 2-3.5h, adding montmorillonite, performing ultrasonic treatment, filtering and drying. Patent CN201210383397.8 provides a high-performance ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber tube composition and a preparation method thereof. The ethylene propylene diene monomer composition comprises: ethylene propylene diene monomer, fast extruding carbon black, semi-reinforcing carbon black, paraffin oil 2280, an anti-aging agent RD and a vulcanizing agent 101-45D. The ethylene propylene diene monomer is a raw rubber variety with Mooney viscosity more than or equal to 65. The rubber mixing process comprises two sections: in the first stage, the glue discharging temperature is 150+10 ℃; in the second stage, the glue discharging temperature is 100+10 ℃; the extrusion temperature was: the temperature of the machine head is 70-95 ℃, the temperature of the extrusion section is 55-80 ℃, the temperature of the plasticizing section is 55-80 ℃, the temperature of the feeding section is 55-60 ℃ and the temperature of the screw section is 40-60 ℃; vulcanization conditions are as follows: 180 plus or minus 5 ℃ and 40 plus or minus 5 minutes. It can be known from the prior art that the mechanical property of the rubber matrix can be effectively improved by adding the inorganic filler into the rubber matrix for reinforcement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube modified based on a multi-dimensional nano-structure material and a preparation method thereof, firstly, cellulose nanocrystals are compounded with graphene nanosheets, and the cellulose nanocrystals are deposited on the surfaces of the graphene nanosheets, so that the dispersibility of the graphene nanosheets is improved, and the bonding performance of the graphene nanosheets and a rubber matrix is improved; according to the invention, aramid fibers are added to modify a rubber matrix, and in order to improve the interfacial adhesion between the aramid fibers and the rubber matrix, the aramid fibers are subjected to surface activation by polydopamine, and then are added into a hybrid dispersion of graphene nanosheets/cellulose nanocrystals/polyamide nanofibers for immersion treatment, and the graphene nanosheets/cellulose nanocrystals/polyamide nanofibers form a multi-dimensional nanostructure material on the surface of the aramid fibers.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube based on multi-dimensional nanostructure material modification comprises an ethylene propylene rubber matrix, an auxiliary agent and a modified filler; the filler is modified aramid fiber, the modified aramid fiber is prepared by firstly forming a hybrid material by depositing and modifying graphene nanosheets and polyamide nanofibers through cellulose nanocrystals through covalent bonds, and then forming a multi-dimensional nanostructure material on the surface of the aramid fiber through polydopamine binder.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the auxiliary agent is a promoter DM, an anti-aging agent RD, a vulcanizing agent DCP and a plasticizer, and the mass ratio of the promoter DM to the anti-aging agent RD to the vulcanizing agent DCP to the plasticizer is 0.5: (2-5):(3-5): 8.
preferably, in the above aspect, the cellulose nanocrystal has a specific surface area of 400m2Per g, length of 50-200nm and diameter of 5-20 nm.
Preferably, the diameter of the polyamide nano-fiber is 90-100nm, the length of the polyamide nano-fiber is 1-2 μm, the diameter of the aramid fiber is 5-10 μm, and the length of the aramid fiber is 100-200 μm.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the ethylene propylene rubber matrix to the auxiliary to the modified filler is 1: (0.03-0.2): (0.1-0.5).
Preferably, the thickness of the graphene nanosheet is 0.5-1.5nm, and the length of the graphene nanosheet is 100-200 nm.
In order to better solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube based on multi-dimensional nano structure material modification comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing graphene nanosheets, cellulose nanocrystals and deionized water, adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 10-11, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a first modified dispersion;
(2) Adding polyamide nanofibers into the first dispersion, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second modified dispersion; adding dopamine into a Tris buffer solution, then adding aramid fiber, stirring at normal temperature, then filtering, drying the obtained solid, then adding the dried solid into a second modified dispersion, continuing stirring, then filtering, and drying the filtered solid to obtain a modified filler;
(3) adding ethylene propylene rubber, a modified filler, a promoter DM, an anti-aging agent RD and a plasticizer into an internal mixer to carry out internal mixing for 10min at the temperature of 80-90 ℃, then adding into an open mill to carry out extrusion forming, then adding a vulcanizing agent DCP into vulcanization equipment, and carrying out vulcanization treatment for 30min at the temperature of 150-160 ℃ to prepare the ethylene propylene rubber tube.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the mass ratio of the graphene nanosheet to the cellulose nanocrystal to the polyamide nanofiber to the aramid fiber to the dopamine is (2-3): 1: (6-8): 10: 0.5, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1 mol/L.
Preferably, in the steps (1) and (2), the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 1000-.
Preferably, in the step (2), the rotation speed of the stirring treatment is 1000-2000 rpm, and the time of the stirring treatment is 1-3 h.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
aramid fibers have high specific strength, specific modulus and low density and are commonly used in modifying modified rubber, but have poor interfacial adhesion with a rubber matrix. In order to solve the technical problem, the method comprises the steps of firstly mixing graphene nanosheets and cellulose nanocrystals, depositing the cellulose nanocrystals on the surfaces of the graphene nanosheets, improving the dispersity of the graphene nanosheets on one hand, and improving the interface bonding performance of the graphene nanosheets and a rubber substrate on the other hand, then mixing the cellulose nanocrystals/graphene nanosheets and polyamide fibers, and forming a hybrid material with good dispersity through pi-pi interaction of the cellulose nanocrystals/graphene nanosheets and the polyamide fibers, wherein the hybrid material can form a multi-dimensional nanostructure material on the surface of aramid fibers, so that the interface bonding performance of the aramid fibers and the rubber substrate is improved.
The graphene nanosheet is large in specific surface area, can effectively improve the performance of a rubber material, but is poor in dispersity in water and poor in binding property with a matrix, and the cellulose nanocrystal not only has good biodegradability but also is good in hydrophilicity. Based on the method, the cellulose nanocrystals and the graphene nanosheet dispersion liquid are mixed, under the action of ultrasonic waves, the cellulose nanocrystals are adsorbed on the surface of the graphene nanosheets, the cellulose nanocrystals have the function of a molecular bridge, and the interface adhesion between the graphene nanosheets and the rubber matrix is effectively improved. The ethylene-propylene rubber tube prepared by the invention not only has good heat resistance, but also has obviously improved mechanical properties.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Mixing 2g of graphene nanosheet, 1g of cellulose nanocrystal and 300ml of deionized water, adding 1mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 10-11,1000W, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a first modified dispersion;
(2) adding 6g of polyamide nanofiber into the first dispersion, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 50min at 1500W to obtain a second modified dispersion; adding 0.5g of dopamine into 20ml of Tris buffer solution with the pH value of 8.5, then adding 10g of aramid fiber, stirring at the normal temperature of 2000 rpm for 1h, then filtering, drying the obtained solid, then adding the dried solid into a second modified dispersion, continuing stirring at the normal temperature of 2000 rpm for 3h, then filtering, and drying the filtered solid to obtain a modified filler;
(3) 100 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 20 parts of modified filler, 0.5 part of accelerator DM, 2 parts of antioxidant RD and 8 parts of plasticizer are added into an internal mixer to be internally mixed for 10min at 80 ℃, then the mixture is added into an open mill to be extruded and formed, then 3 parts of vulcanizing agent DCP is added into vulcanizing equipment to be vulcanized for 30min at 150 ℃, and the ethylene propylene rubber tube is prepared.
Example 2
(1) Mixing 3g of graphene nanosheet, 1g of cellulose nanocrystal and 300ml of deionized water, adding 1mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 10-11,1500W, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a first modified dispersion;
(2) adding 8g of polyamide nanofiber into the first dispersion, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 50min at 1500W to obtain a second modified dispersion; adding 0.5g of dopamine into 20ml of Tris buffer solution with the pH value of 8.5, then adding 10g of aramid fiber, stirring for 3 hours at the normal temperature of 2000 rpm, then filtering, drying the obtained solid, then adding the dried solid into a second modified dispersion, continuing stirring for 3 hours at the 2000 rpm, then filtering, and drying the filtered solid to obtain a modified filler;
(3) 100 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 20 parts of modified filler, 0.5 part of accelerator DM, 2 parts of antioxidant RD and 8 parts of plasticizer are added into an internal mixer to be internally mixed for 10min at 90 ℃, then the mixture is added into an open mill to be extruded and formed, then 5 parts of vulcanizing agent DCP is added into vulcanizing equipment to be vulcanized for 30min at 160 ℃, and the ethylene propylene rubber tube is prepared.
Example 3
(1) Mixing 2.5g of graphene nanosheet, 1g of cellulose nanocrystal and 300ml of deionized water, adding 1mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 10-11,1200W, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 40min to obtain a first modified dispersion;
(2) Adding 7g of polyamide nanofiber into the first dispersion, and performing ultrasonic treatment at 1200W for 40min to obtain a second modified dispersion; adding 0.5g of dopamine into 20ml of Tris buffer solution with the pH value of 8.5, then adding 10g of aramid fiber, stirring at the normal temperature of 1500 rpm for 2 hours, then filtering, drying the obtained solid, adding the dried solid into a second modified dispersion, continuing stirring at the normal temperature of 1500 rpm for 2 hours, then filtering, and drying the filtered solid to obtain a modified filler;
(3) 100 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 20 parts of modified filler, 0.5 part of accelerator DM, 4 parts of antioxidant RD and 8 parts of plasticizer are added into an internal mixer to be internally mixed for 10min at 90 ℃, then the mixture is added into an open mill to be extruded and formed, then 4 parts of vulcanizing agent DCP is added into vulcanizing equipment to be vulcanized for 30min at 160 ℃, and the ethylene propylene rubber tube is prepared.
Example 4
(1) Mixing 3g of graphene nanosheet, 1g of cellulose nanocrystal and 300ml of deionized water, adding 1mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 10-11,1300W, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 40min to obtain a first modified dispersion;
(2) adding 7.5g of polyamide nanofiber into the first dispersion, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 40min under 1300W to obtain a second modified dispersion; adding 0.5g of dopamine into 20ml of Tris buffer solution with the pH value of 8.5, then adding 10g of aramid fiber, stirring at the normal temperature of 1500 rpm for 2 hours, then filtering, drying the obtained solid, adding the dried solid into a second modified dispersion, continuing stirring at the normal temperature of 1500 rpm for 2 hours, then filtering, and drying the filtered solid to obtain a modified filler;
(3) 100 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 20 parts of modified filler, 0.5 part of accelerator DM, 3 parts of antioxidant RD and 8 parts of plasticizer are added into an internal mixer to be internally mixed for 10min at 80 ℃, then the mixture is added into an open mill to be extruded and formed, then 3 parts of vulcanizing agent DCP is added into vulcanizing equipment to be vulcanized for 30min at 160 ℃, and the ethylene propylene rubber tube is prepared.
Example 5
(1) Mixing 3g of graphene nanosheet, 1g of cellulose nanocrystal and 300ml of deionized water, adding 1mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 10-11,1000W, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 50min to obtain a first modified dispersion;
(2) adding 6-8g of polyamide nanofiber into the first dispersion, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min at 1000W to obtain a second modified dispersion; adding 0.5g of dopamine into 20ml of Tris buffer solution with the pH value of 8.5, then adding 10g of aramid fiber, stirring at the normal temperature of 1500 rpm for 2 hours, then filtering, drying the obtained solid, adding the dried solid into a second modified dispersion, continuing stirring at the normal temperature of 1500 rpm for 2 hours, then filtering, and drying the filtered solid to obtain a modified filler;
(3) 100 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 20 parts of modified filler, 0.5 part of accelerator DM, 2 parts of antioxidant RD and 8 parts of plasticizer are added into an internal mixer to be internally mixed for 10min at 80 ℃, then the mixture is added into an open mill to be extruded and formed, then 3 parts of vulcanizing agent DCP is added into vulcanizing equipment to be vulcanized for 30min at 150 ℃, and the ethylene propylene rubber tube is prepared.
Example 6
(1) Mixing 2g of graphene nanosheet, 1g of cellulose nanocrystal and 300ml of deionized water, adding 1mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 10-11,1500W, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a first modified dispersion;
(2) adding 7g of polyamide nanofiber into the first dispersion, and performing ultrasonic treatment at 1500W for 30min to obtain a second modified dispersion; adding 0.5g of dopamine into 20ml of Tris buffer solution with the pH value of 8.5, then adding 10g of aramid fiber, stirring for 1 hour at the normal temperature of 2000 rpm, then filtering, drying the obtained solid, then adding the dried solid into a second modified dispersion, continuing stirring for 1 hour at the 2000 rpm, then filtering, and drying the filtered solid to obtain a modified filler;
(3) 100 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 20 parts of modified filler, 0.5 part of accelerator DM, 5 parts of antioxidant RD and 8 parts of plasticizer are added into an internal mixer to be internally mixed for 10min at 80 ℃, then the mixture is added into an open mill to be extruded and formed, then 4.5 parts of vulcanizing agent DCP is added into vulcanizing equipment, and vulcanization treatment is carried out for 30min at 160 ℃, thus obtaining the ethylene propylene rubber tube.
Comparative example 1
The modified filler is not added with the cellulose nanocrystal, and other preparation processes are the same as those of the modified filler in the example 6.
Comparative example 2
The aramid fiber in the modified filler is not modified, and other preparation processes are the same as those in the example 6.
Comparative example 3
The aramid fiber in the modified filler was not modified by adding a polyamide fiber, and the other conditions were the same as in example 6.
Ethylene-propylene rubber tubes having a length of 10cm, a diameter of 2cm and a tube thickness of 5mm were prepared according to the above examples and comparative methods, and the properties thereof were measured, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Tensile strength at room temperature, MPa | Tensile strength at 200 ℃ in MPa | |
| Example 1 | 35.7 | 32.5 |
| Example 2 | 36.1 | 33.8 |
| Example 3 | 35.8 | 32.9 |
| Example 4 | 35.8 | 32.5 |
| Example 5 | 36.2 | 33.5 |
| Example 6 | 36.5 | 33.9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 23.5 | 13.9 |
| Comparative example 2 | 20.5 | 10.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 25.2 | 16.8 |
From the test results, it can be seen that when the aramid fiber is directly added into the ethylene propylene rubber matrix without modification for modification, although the strength of the matrix can be improved, the modification effect is not obvious, the modified material has poor heat resistance, and the strength is obviously reduced at a higher temperature. When only the graphene nano sheet/polyamide fiber is adopted to modify the aramid fiber or only the graphene nano sheet/cellulose nanocrystal, the dispersion of the aramid fiber in the rubber matrix can be improved to a certain extent, and the modified aramid fiber can be used as a synergist to improve the strength of the rubber matrix. In contrast, when the aramid fiber is modified by the hybrid material of cellulose nanocrystal, graphene nanosheet and polyamide fiber to serve as the reinforcing filler, the prepared ethylene-propylene rubber tube has the best mechanical property and heat resistance.
Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube based on multi-dimensional nanostructure material modification is characterized in that: comprises an ethylene propylene rubber matrix, an auxiliary agent and a modified filler; the modified filler is modified aramid fiber, the modified aramid fiber is prepared by firstly forming a hybrid material by using a cellulose nanocrystal deposition modified graphene nanosheet and polyamide nanofiber through a covalent bond, and then forming a multi-dimensional nano-structure material on the surface of the aramid fiber through polydopamine binder.
2. The high-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube based on the multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary agent is an accelerator DM, an anti-aging agent RD, a vulcanizing agent DCP and a plasticizer, and the mass ratio of the accelerator DM to the anti-aging agent RD to the vulcanizing agent DCP to the plasticizer is 0.5: (2-5):(3-5): 8.
3. the high-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube based on the multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the specific surface area of the cellulose nanocrystal is 400m 2Per g, length of 50-200nm and diameter of 5-20 nm.
4. The high-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube based on multi-dimensional nanostructure material modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the polyamide nano fiber is 90-100nm, the length of the polyamide nano fiber is 1-2 mu m, the diameter of the aramid fiber is 5-10 mu m, and the length of the aramid fiber is 100-200 mu m.
5. The high-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube based on the multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the ethylene propylene rubber matrix to the auxiliary agent to the modified filler is 1: (0.03-0.2): (0.1-0.5).
6. The high-heat-resistance ethylene propylene rubber tube based on the multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the lamella of the graphene nano-sheet is 0.5-1.5nm, and the length of the lamella is 100-200 nm.
7. The preparation method of the high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube based on the multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification as claimed in claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing graphene nanosheets, cellulose nanocrystals and deionized water, adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 10-11, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a first modified dispersion;
(2) Adding polyamide nano-fibers into the first modified dispersion, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second modified dispersion; adding dopamine into a Tris buffer solution, then adding aramid fiber, stirring at normal temperature, filtering, drying the obtained solid, then adding the dried solid into a second modified dispersion, continuing stirring, filtering, and drying the filtered solid to obtain a modified filler;
(3) adding ethylene propylene rubber, modified filler, accelerator DM, antioxidant RD and plasticizer into an internal mixer for internal mixing at 80-90 ℃ for 10min, then adding into an open mill for extrusion forming, then adding vulcanizing agent DCP into vulcanizing equipment, and vulcanizing at 160 ℃ for 30min to obtain the ethylene propylene rubber tube.
8. The preparation method of the high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube based on the multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification according to claim 7, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the graphene nanosheets to the cellulose nanocrystals to the polyamide nanofibers to the aramid fibers to the dopamine is (2-3): 1: (6-8): 10: 0.5, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1 mol/L.
9. The preparation method of the high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube based on the multi-dimensional nano-structure material modification according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the steps (1) and (2), the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 1000-1500W, and the ultrasonic time is 30-50 min.
10. The preparation method of the high heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber tube based on the multi-dimensional nanostructure material modification according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (2), the rotation speed of the stirring treatment is 1000-2000 rpm, and the time of the stirring treatment is 1-3 h.
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| Title |
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| Dimensions of Biological Cellulose Nanocrystals Maximize Fracture;Sinko et al;《ACS Macro Letters》;20131227;第64-69页 * |
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| CN113234288A (en) | 2021-08-10 |
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Denomination of invention: High heat resistant Ethylene propylene rubber tube modified by multidimensional nanostructured materials and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20230607 Granted publication date: 20220708 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited Shaoxing Shangyu sub branch Pledgor: SHAOXING SHANGYU SHUNDONG RUBBER AND PLASTIC PRODUCT CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023980043105 |