CN113231192B - Beneficiation method for silicon dioxide in silicon-planted ore - Google Patents
Beneficiation method for silicon dioxide in silicon-planted ore Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beneficiation method of silicon dioxide in silicon-planted ore, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding water, and gyratory crushing; (2) primary mesh screen separation; (3) scrubbing and stripping for one time; (4) separating by a secondary mesh screen; (5) carrying out primary superfine ball milling; (6) secondary scrubbing and stripping; (7) primary sedimentation; (8) performing secondary superfine ball milling; (9) secondary sedimentation; (10) magnetic separation for removing iron; (11) separating water; (12) drying; (13) and (4) crushing by a dry method to obtain the carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder. The prior art for preparing 100nm-1 mu m-grade silicon dioxide has huge energy consumption and unsuitable market development of cost performance. The beneficiation process provided by the invention aims to optimally extract silicon dioxide in the magnitude from newly-found silicon-implanted body silicon ores, and the beneficiation operation is based on the existing machine conditions, so that a brand-new beneficiation process is provided, and the beneficiation process can be completely applied to industrial large-scale production practice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mineral development, in particular to a beneficiation method for processing nano minerals, and specifically relates to a beneficiation method for separating silicon dioxide in silicon-planted bulk silicon ore.
Background
SiO given to human by nature2The granularity of the resource is more than 5 microns, wherein 5-100 microns are fine quartz ore. Natural SiO2The granularity of the resource can not meet the requirement of finer national economic requirement, so the SiO can be processed by a physical processing mode2The particle size is reduced to 1 μm, or the SiO can be produced by chemical processing2The particle size is synthesized to be 100nm or less and 100nSiO between m and 1 mu m2The granularity of SiO with the granularity of 100nm-1 mu m is higher through manual preparation cost and is analyzed from the aspect of cost performance2Is basically in the missing range in the market. But large-scale silicon-planted ore (SiO) in Fengcheng county in Jiangxi province2Mine) and fills the gap of the SiO in human beings2The particle size is 100nm-1 mu m, and complete SiO is formed2Particle size industrial series. The raw ore mineral components of the silicon-implanted silicon ore comprise: gangue, clay, pyrite, goethite, humus, silicon-planted body (SiO)2)。
The plant body is characterized in that the root system of higher plants absorbs underground water and simultaneously absorbs a certain amount of soluble silicon dioxide, the silicon dioxide is transported to stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and the like through the conducting tissues of the plants and then is precipitated among and in plant cells to form amorphous silicon dioxide particles containing organic matters.
Silicon Implant (SiO)2) The volume is very small, about 2-2000 microns (most of 5-200 microns), but the number is large and the distribution is wide, and 10-100 ten thousand plant bodies exist in 1 gram of gramineous plant leaves. All parts of the plant can produce silicon plants with the largest number produced in the leaves. The chemical components of the crude ore of the silicon-implanted body silicon ore are as follows: SiO22 77.01-80.54％、Al2O33.03-5.35％、Fe2O31.08-3.73 percent of CaO, 0.07-0.69 percent of CaO, 11.96-16.13 percent of LOI (loss on ignition), and TiO2About 0.69%; the raw ore mineral components of the silicon-containing silicon ore are as follows: 8% of gangue, 3% of clay, 0.5% of pyrite, 0.5% of goethite, 10% of humic substance and SiO278 percent. SiO in silicon-implanted ore2Particle size range: 100nm-5um, and the majority appears in an agglomeration mode.
Newly discovered SiO of silicon-planted ore with natural grain size of 100nm to 5 micron2Powders, SiO which have not hitherto been found to be so fine in particle size and to be capable of large-scale mining2The silicon ore powder is a brand new silicon ore beneficiation process in the silicon ore beneficiation process. According to the characteristics of the silicon-planted ore, the invention develops the SiO suitable for the silicon-planted ore2Provided is a powder beneficiation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a beneficiation method for silicon dioxide in silicon-planted ore so as to solve the problems in the technical background.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a beneficiation method for silicon dioxide in silicon-planted ore comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water and carrying out gyratory crushing: adding water into newly mined silicon-planted ore, mixing the newly mined silicon-planted ore with the water, and then putting the mixture into a gyratory crusher for crushing;
(2) primary mesh screen separation: screening gravel larger than 5mm by using a vibrating screen;
(3) primary scrubbing and stripping: placing the silicon-implanted ore separated from 5mm gravels into a scrubbing machine for primary scrubbing and stripping, wherein the primary scrubbing time is 10-30 min;
(4) separating by a secondary mesh screen: screening out substances larger than 1mm by using a vibrating screen;
(5) primary superfine ball milling: performing superfine ball milling on the material with the size of 1mm sieved in the step (4) for 30-300 min; wherein, the first superfine ball milling adopts zirconia ball milling medium with the diameter of 1mm-5mm
(6) Secondary scrubbing and stripping: screening the material subjected to the superfine ball milling in the step (5) to obtain impurities with the size of more than 0.1mm, and removing the impurities;
(7) primary sedimentation: pulping the product of the impurity screened by 0.1mm in the step (6), allowing the obtained mixed slurry to enter a primary sedimentation tank for sedimentation for 1-4h, and separating sediment at the bottom;
(8) secondary superfine ball milling: performing secondary superfine ball milling on the slurry obtained in the step (7) after the bottom sediment is separated, wherein the superfine ball milling is performed for 30-300min, so that humic substances, clay and SiO are obtained2Separating particles; wherein, the secondary superfine ball milling adopts zirconia ball milling medium, and the diameter of the zirconia ball milling medium is 0.1mm-1 mm;
(9) secondary sedimentation: mixing the humus, clay and SiO in the step (8)2The particles enter a secondary sedimentation tank, and after sedimentation is carried out for 2-3h in the secondary sedimentation tank, the humic substances and clay substances mixed on the suspended upper part are discharged to obtain SiO2Crude product；
(10) Magnetic separation and iron removal: SiO obtained in the step (9)2Removing iron from the crude product by using a high-gradient magnetic separator to obtain feed liquid containing carbon and silicon dioxide; wherein the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separation is more than 6000 gauss;
(11) water separation: feeding the feed liquid containing the carbon silica into a solid-liquid separation process for solid-liquid separation to obtain water-containing carbon silica, wherein the water content of the water-containing carbon silica is less than 5%;
(12) and (3) drying: drying at 120 ℃ to obtain dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide which is in a hardened or agglomerated state;
(13) and (3) dry crushing: and (4) crushing and separating the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide by a dry method to obtain carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder, namely a product A.
In the technical scheme, the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder obtained in the step (13) is oxygenated and calcined for 0.5 to 5 hours at the temperature of 650 to 1000 ℃, and carbon is removed to obtain SiO2Pure SiO in an amount of 99.5%2Product, product B.
In the technical scheme, the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder obtained in the step (13) is subjected to anaerobic calcination at 650-1000 ℃ for 0.5-5h, and organic carbon is carbonized to obtain products of activated carbon and SiO2The mixture, product C.
In the technical scheme, the water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide (the water content of which is less than 5%) obtained in the step (11) is treated to obtain the high-purity SiO2The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(16) adding acid to remove impurities: putting the water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide obtained in the step (11) into a reaction kettle, adding hydrochloric acid (the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 4-10mol/L), and heating and reacting under a closed condition at the temperature of 60-200 ℃ for 2-10 h;
(17) washing with mixed salt: adding twice distilled water to wash for 2-5 times, wherein the pH value is more than 6.5;
(18) water separation: feeding the feed liquid containing the carbon-containing silicon dioxide into a solid-liquid separation process for solid-liquid separation to obtain water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide (the water content of the water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide is less than 5 percent);
(19) and (3) drying: drying at 120 ℃;
(20) and (3) oxygenation and calcination: and (5) after drying the step (19), carrying out oxygen charging calcination at 650-1000 ℃ for 0.5-5h, and removing carbon.
(21) Cycling steps (16) to (20) at least once (to SiO)2Until the content no longer changes significantly);
(22) and (3) dry crushing: dry crushing and separating the substance finally obtained in the step (21) to obtain SiO2High-purity SiO product with content of 99.995%2And (5) obtaining powder, namely the product D.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a beneficiation method of silicon dioxide in silicon-planted ore, which is a brand new flow process, and particularly introduces a nano-micro-level superfine grinding device in the material science into the grinding process.
2. The prior art for preparing 100nm-1 mu m-grade silicon dioxide has huge energy consumption and unsuitable market development of cost performance. The beneficiation process provided by the invention aims to optimally extract silicon dioxide in the magnitude range from newly-discovered silicon-implanted body silicon ore and reduce SiO2The loss of particles improves the purity of the obtained product, and the mineral separation operation is based on the existing machine conditions and can be completely applied to industrial large-scale production practice.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of example 1;
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of the agglomerated particles of example 1 after they have been broken apart;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of example 2;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of example 3;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of example 4;
FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram of silicon ore of the raw material silicon-implanted body of the invention, wherein, the line 1 represents the step condition of the ore body with the depth of 22.58-23.78m, the line 2 represents the step condition of the ore body with the depth of 32.37-33.2m, the line 3 represents the step condition of the ore body with the depth of 33.2-34.89m, and the line 4 represents the step condition of the ore body with the depth of 35.59-36.66 m; the abscissa is the particle size distribution of the silica ore, and the ordinate is the detection reserve of the silicon-implanted soil.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
In the geological exploration process, a mine planted with silicon ore is randomly selected, and the exploration of a drill bit shows that the step of the ore is independent of the depth and stable SiO exists2An ore body. As shown in FIG. 6, SiO with a grain size of between 100nm and 1 μm is present at different depths2It shows that the silicon ore resource of the silicon implant is rich and stable.
The raw material used by the invention is the silicon-planted body ore, and the chemical components of the silicon-planted body ore raw ore are as follows: SiO22 77.01-80.54％、Al2O33.03-5.35％、Fe2O31.08-3.73 percent of CaO, 0.07-0.69 percent of CaO, 11.96-16.13 percent of LOI (loss on ignition), and TiO2About 0.69%; the raw ore mineral components of the silicon-containing silicon ore are as follows: 8% of gangue, 3% of clay, 0.5% of pyrite, 0.5% of goethite, 10% of humic substance and SiO278 percent. The grain size range of SiO2 in the silicon-planted ore is as follows: 100nm-5um, and the majority appears in an agglomeration mode.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a beneficiation method for silicon dioxide (carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder) in a silicon-planted ore, which includes the following steps:
firstly, coarse impurity removal:
(1) adding water and carrying out gyratory crushing: adding water into newly mined silicon-planted ore, mixing the newly mined silicon-planted ore with the water, and then putting the mixture into a gyratory crusher for crushing;
(2) primary mesh screen separation: screening gravel larger than 5mm by using a vibrating screen;
secondly, fine impurity removal:
(3) primary scrubbing and stripping: placing the silicon-implanted ore separated from 5mm gravels into a scrubbing machine for primary scrubbing and stripping, wherein the primary scrubbing time is 10-30 min;
(4) separating by a secondary mesh screen: screening out substances larger than 1mm by using a vibrating screen;
thirdly, superfine heavy mineral and large particles removal:
(5) primary superfine ball milling: and (3) performing superfine ball milling on the substances with the diameter of 1mm screened out in the step (4) for 30-300min, wherein zirconia ball milling media are adopted in the first superfine ball milling, and the zirconia ball milling media with the diameter of 1mm-5mm are prepared. SiO in silicon-implanted ore2The particle size range is 300nm-5um, but most of the agglomerates are broken up by superfine ball milling (different from the ball milling used in the common mineral processing technology, wherein the ball milling purpose is to grind ore particles, the process step is to break up the agglomerates, and the rear view of the broken up agglomerates is shown in figure 2);
(6) secondary scrubbing and stripping: screening the material subjected to the superfine ball milling in the step (5) to obtain impurities with the size of more than 0.1mm, and removing the impurities;
(7) primary sedimentation: pulping the product of the impurity screened by 0.1mm in the step (6), and then allowing the obtained mixed slurry to enter a primary sedimentation tank for sedimentation for 1-4h, and separating bottom sediments (such as pyrite and other particles with larger specific gravity and other coarse particles);
fourthly, removing humic substances and clay:
(8) secondary superfine ball milling: performing secondary superfine ball milling on the slurry obtained in the step (7) after bottom sediment separation for 30-300min, and thoroughly breaking the agglomerates by the secondary superfine ball milling to ensure that humic substances, clay and SiO are generated2Separating particles; wherein, the secondary superfine ball milling adopts zirconia ball milling medium, and the diameter of the zirconia ball milling medium is 0.1mm-1 mm;
(9) secondary sedimentation: mixing the humus, clay and SiO in the step (8)2The particles enter a secondary sedimentation tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank is used for settling the particlesAfter settling for 1-4h in the settling tank, discharging the humic substances and clay substances on the suspended upper part to obtain SiO2A crude product;
fifthly, removing magnetic substances:
(10) magnetic separation and iron removal: SiO obtained in the step (9)2Removing iron from the crude product by using a high-gradient magnetic separator to obtain feed liquid containing carbon and silicon dioxide; wherein the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separation is more than 6000 gauss;
sixthly, dewatering and drying:
(11) water separation: feeding the feed liquid containing the carbon-containing silicon dioxide into a solid-liquid separation process for solid-liquid separation to obtain water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide; wherein the water content of the water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide obtained in the step (11) is less than 5%.
(12) And (3) drying: drying at 120 ℃ to obtain the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide, wherein the obtained carbon-containing silicon dioxide is in a hardened state or an agglomerated state;
wherein, the dewatering and drying can be carried out by adopting a centrifugal drying mode or a drying mode after solid-liquid separation of a mud press, and the like.
Seventhly, dry grinding:
(13) and (3) dry crushing: the hardened phenomenon of the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide is serious, and the carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder is obtained by adopting dry crushing and separation. The carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder is used as a product, namely a product A. Wherein, the product A contains 8.8 to 10.8 percent of carbon and SiO287.7% -89.7%, the balance about 1.5%, and possibly Al2O3,Fe2O3Water, organic volatile matters and the like;
example 2
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a beneficiation method for silicon dioxide (pure silicon dioxide) in a silicon-planted ore, which uses a beneficiation flow similar to that of embodiment 1, except that: the further processing mode after the product A is obtained in the steps 1 to 13 is specifically as follows:
the product A obtained is subjected to the steps (1) to (13) in the example 1;
then the following carbon removal step is carried out to obtain the product SiO2：
(14) Subjecting the product obtained in step (13)The dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder is oxygenated and calcined for 0.5 to 5 hours at the temperature of 650 to 1000 ℃, and the carbon is removed to obtain the product SiO2Namely product B. Wherein in the product B, SiO299.5% by weight, the balance about 0.5%, possibly Al2O3,、Fe2O3C, etc.;
example 3
Referring to FIG. 4, the present example provides a method for producing silicon dioxide (product activated carbon and SiO) from silicon-bearing ore2Mixture), the beneficiation flow adopted is similar to that of example 1, with the difference that: the further processing mode after the product A is obtained in the steps 1 to 13 is specifically as follows:
steps (1) to (13) in example 1 were carried out first;
then the obtained product A is subjected to the following steps to obtain the products of active carbon and SiO2The mixture is as follows:
(15) calcining the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder obtained in the step (13) at 650-1000 ℃ for 0.5-5h in an oxygen-free way, carbonizing organic carbon to obtain the products of activated carbon and SiO2The mixture, product C. Wherein, the product C contains 9 to 11 percent of carbon and SiO288.5% -90.5%, and the balance about 0.5%, possibly Al2O3、Fe2O3And the like;
example 4
Referring to FIG. 5, the present example provides a method for growing silicon dioxide (high purity SiO) in siliceous mineral2) The beneficiation method of (1) is similar to that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the steps after the step (11) are different, and specifically comprise:
steps (1) to (11) in example 1 were carried out first;
then the following steps are carried out to obtain the high-purity SiO2：
(16) Adding acid to remove impurities: putting the water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide obtained in the step (11) into a reaction kettle, adding a proper amount of hydrochloric acid, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 4-10mol/L, and carrying out closed heating reaction at the temperature of 60-200 ℃ for 2-10 h;
(17) washing with mixed salt: adding secondary distilled water for washing for 2-5 times, and carrying out the next step when the pH value is more than 6.5;
(18) water separation: feeding the feed liquid containing the carbon-silicon dioxide obtained in the step (17) into a solid-liquid separation process for solid-liquid separation to obtain water (less than 5%) containing carbon-silicon dioxide;
(19) and (3) drying: drying at 120 ℃;
(20) and (3) oxygenation and calcination: the carbon-containing silicon dioxide dried in the step (19) is oxygenated and calcined for 0.5 to 5 hours at the temperature of 650 to 1000 ℃, and carbon is removed;
(21) the step (16) to the step (20) are circulated at least once to obtain SiO in the material2Until the content no longer changes significantly;
(22) and (3) dry crushing: dry crushing and separating the substance finally obtained in the step (21) to obtain SiO2High purity SiO with 99.995% content2And (5) obtaining powder, namely the product D.
In the present invention, examples 2 to 4 are all further developments of the product a obtained in example 1.
Comparative example 1
This example is similar to example 1, except that: removing the superfine ball milling operation in the step (5) and/or the step (8) to obtain a product A1; based on the product A1, products B1, C1 and D1 were obtained in the same manners as in examples 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The products A1, B1, C1 and D1 contain SiO detected by a chemical component analysis method2The contents are 75.2%, 87.2%, 82.61% and 94.13%, respectively. In the present invention, the superfine ball milling operation in step (5) and/or step (8) can reduce SiO2Loss of particles and improved purity of the obtained product.
Comparative example 2
In the invention, experiments show that any step cannot be deleted in the mineral separation process of the product A, B, C, D, and the deletion cannot obtain a product with corresponding purity.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The beneficiation method for the silicon dioxide in the silicon-planted ore is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) adding water and carrying out gyratory crushing: adding water into newly mined silicon-planted ore, mixing the newly mined silicon-planted ore with the water, and then putting the mixture into a gyratory crusher for crushing;
(2) primary mesh screen separation: screening gravel larger than 5mm by using a vibrating screen;
(3) primary scrubbing and stripping: placing the silicon-implanted ore after separating 5mm gravels into a scrubbing machine for primary scrubbing and stripping, wherein the primary scrubbing time is 10-30 min;
(4) secondary mesh screen separation: screening out substances larger than 1mm by using a vibrating screen;
(5) primary superfine ball milling: performing superfine ball milling on the material with the size of 1mm sieved in the step (4) for 30-300 min;
(6) secondary scrubbing and stripping: screening the material subjected to the superfine ball milling in the step (5) to obtain impurities with the size of more than 0.1mm, and removing the impurities;
(7) primary sedimentation: pulping the product of the impurity screened by 0.1mm in the step (6), allowing the obtained mixed slurry to enter a primary sedimentation tank for sedimentation for 1-4h, and separating sediment at the bottom;
(8) secondary superfine ball milling: performing secondary superfine ball milling on the slurry obtained in the step (7) after the bottom sediment is separated, wherein the superfine ball milling is performed for 30-300min, so that humic substances, clay and SiO are obtained2Separating particles;
(9) secondary sedimentation: mixing the humus, clay and SiO in the step (8)2The particles enter a secondary sedimentation tank, and after sedimentation is carried out in the secondary sedimentation tank for 1-4h, the humic substances and clay substances mixed on the suspended upper part are discharged to obtain SiO2A crude product;
(10) magnetic separation and iron removal: SiO obtained in the step (9)2Removing iron from the crude product by using a high-gradient magnetic separator to obtain feed liquid containing carbon and silicon dioxide;
(11) water separation: feeding the feed liquid containing the carbon-containing silicon dioxide into a solid-liquid separation process for solid-liquid separation to obtain water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide;
(12) and (3) drying: drying at 120 ℃ to obtain a dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide plate;
(13) and (3) dry crushing: and (4) crushing and separating the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide by a dry method to obtain carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder, namely a product A.
2. A process for beneficiating silica from a galenical ore according to claim 1 or claim, wherein the water content of the hydrous carbon-containing silica obtained in step (11) is less than 5%.
3. The beneficiation method for silicon dioxide in sillimanite according to claim 1, characterized in that the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder obtained in the step (13) is subjected to oxygen charging calcination at 650 ℃ -1000 ℃ for 0.5-5h, and carbon removal is carried out to obtain SiO2Pure SiO in an amount of 99.5%2Product, product B.
4. The beneficiation method for silicon dioxide in silicon-planted ore according to claim 1, characterized in that the dried carbon-containing silicon dioxide powder obtained in the step (13) is subjected to oxygen-free calcination at 650-1000 ℃ for 0.5-5h, and organic carbon is carbonized to obtain the product of activated carbon and SiO2The mixture, product C.
5. The method for beneficiation of silica from sillimanite according to claim 2, wherein the aqueous carbon-containing silica obtained in the step (11) is treated to obtain high purity SiO2The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(16) adding acid to remove impurities: putting the water-containing carbon-containing silicon dioxide obtained in the step (11) into a reaction kettle, adding hydrochloric acid, and heating and reacting at the temperature of 60-200 ℃ in a closed manner for 2-10 h;
(17) washing with mixed salt: washing with twice distilled water for 2-5 times, and performing the next step with pH of 6.5;
(18) water separation: feeding the feed liquid containing the carbon-silicon dioxide obtained in the step (17) into a solid-liquid separation process for solid-liquid separation to obtain water-containing carbon-silicon dioxide;
(19) and (3) drying: drying at 120 ℃;
(20) and (3) oxygenation and calcination: the carbon-containing silicon dioxide dried in the step (19) is oxygenated and calcined for 0.5 to 5 hours at the temperature of 650 to 1000 ℃, and carbon is removed;
(21) the step (16) to the step (20) are circulated at least once to obtain SiO in the material2Until the content no longer changes significantly;
(22) and (3) dry crushing: dry crushing and separating the substance finally obtained in the step (21) to obtain SiO2High purity SiO with 99.995% content2And (5) obtaining powder, namely the product D.
6. The method for beneficiating silica in galenical ores according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field strength for the magnetic separation in the step (10) is greater than 6000 gauss.
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