CN113230534A - Artificial cochlea applying virtual electrode technology of binaural frequency division - Google Patents
Artificial cochlea applying virtual electrode technology of binaural frequency division Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 210000003477 cochlea Anatomy 0.000 title description 13
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000032041 Hearing impaired Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000860 cochlear nerve Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000016354 hearing loss disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
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Abstract
The invention provides a cochlear implant applying a virtual electrode technology of binaural frequency division, which relates to the technical field of cochlear implants and comprises: the cochlear implant comprises an extracorporeal device, a first implant body and a second implant body, wherein the first implant body comprises a plurality of first electrodes, the second implant body comprises a plurality of second electrodes, and the number of the first electrodes is the same as that of the second electrodes; the in-vitro device comprises a microphone and an audio signal processor, wherein the microphone is used for receiving audio; the audio signal processor converts audio frequency into signals in different frequency ranges through the filter, numbers the signals according to a preset numbering rule and the central frequency of the signals, codes the numbered signals to convert the numbered signals into radio frequency signals, sends the radio frequency signals with even numbers to the first implant, and sends the radio frequency signals with odd numbers to the second implant; the first implant and the second implant allow the user to hear the sound through a virtual electrode technique. By adopting the invention, the user with hearing impairment can hear more clearly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial cochlea, in particular to an artificial cochlea applying a virtual electrode technology of binaural frequency division.
Background
At present, a large number of auditory handicapped people exist in the world. For some hearing people, the hearing aid can improve the hearing perception by amplifying the volume, and for some serious hearing impaired people, the hearing can only be obtained by the cochlear implant technology at present.
The artificial cochlea is mainly divided into an external part and an implanted part, wherein the external machine is responsible for coding heard sound signals and then converting the codes into radio frequency signals, and the implanted part converts the received signals into current on an electrode in an electromagnetic induction mode. The current on different electrodes can stimulate different cochlear nerves. In the encoding process, generally, fourier transform is used to convert the sound signal into a frequency signal, and wavelet transform is used in a few researches.
The artificial cochlea mainly converts sound signals into corresponding wave band signals in a filtering mode, and transmits different signals to auditory nerves through different electrodes. The electrodes and the nerves are communicated through an operation, and due to the limitation of electrode materials, the number of the electrodes of each artificial cochlea is limited, so that the artificial cochlea can only provide few waveband signals relative to the abundant hearing of human ears for each waveband, and a wearer of the artificial cochlea can hear sound with resolution far lower than that of a normal person, and particularly can hardly hear tone in Chinese.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a cochlear implant applying a virtual electrode technology of binaural frequency division, which comprises an extracorporeal device, a first implant and a second implant,
the first implant body comprises a plurality of first electrodes, the second implant body comprises a plurality of second electrodes, the number of the first electrodes is the same as that of the second electrodes, one electrode corresponds to one channel, the number of the channels of the first implant body is the same as that of the channels of the second implant body, and the center frequency of the channels of the first implant body is different from that of the channels of the second implant body;
the extracorporeal device comprises a microphone and an audio signal processor;
the microphone is used for receiving audio and transmitting the audio to the audio signal processor;
the audio signal processor converts audio into signals in different frequency ranges through the filter, numbers the signals according to a preset numbering rule and the central frequency of the signals, codes the numbered signals to convert the numbered signals into radio frequency signals, sends the radio frequency signals with even numbers to the first implant, and sends the radio frequency signals with odd numbers to the second implant; the first implant or the second implant enables a user to hear sound through virtual electrode technology.
Optionally, the first implant or the second implant allows a user to hear sounds through a virtual electrode technology, including:
the first implant and the second implant convert the received signals into a first current corresponding to the first electrode and a second current corresponding to the second electrode in an electromagnetic induction mode, and the currents stimulate cochlear nerves to enable a user to hear audio.
Optionally, the numbering rule includes:
the numbers are 1, 2, 3, … … and 2n according to the sequence of the central frequency from low frequency to high frequency, the frequency corresponding to each number increases exponentially from a preset lower frequency limit as a starting point, the low frequency areas are densely distributed, and the high frequency areas are sparsely distributed.
Optionally, the audio transmission mode is divided into a single-microphone mode and a dual-microphone mode according to the number of microphones.
Optionally, the single microphone mode comprises:
when the center frequency of the target band is X, the center frequencies of two bands adjacent to the target band are a and B, respectively, and aA + bB is equal to X, the current of the first implant is Ia, the current of the second implant is Ib, and Ia/Ib is satisfied as a/B.
Optionally, the dual microphone mode comprises a first microphone and a second microphone, comprising:
after receiving a first audio, the first microphone sends the first audio to the audio signal processor, and the audio signal processor performs filtering processing on the first audio according to a channel corresponding to the first implant;
and after receiving a second audio, the second microphone sends the second audio to the audio signal processor, and the audio signal processor performs filtering processing on the second audio according to a channel corresponding to the second implant.
Optionally, the first audio received by the first microphone is not identical to the second audio received by the second microphone.
Optionally, the first microphone and the second microphone collect audio in a bilateral joint tone manner.
Optionally, the bilateral joint debugging enables the first microphone and the second microphone to simultaneously acquire target signals of similar frequency bands in a Bluetooth mode, a wifi mode or a direct line connection mode.
Optionally, the preset lower frequency limit is a lower frequency limit of a normal human hearing range determined through a test.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
in the above scheme, under the condition that the number of the electrodes of the cochlear implant is not changed, the signals with different center frequencies are distributed to the left ear implant and the right ear implant, so that the number of the channels of the cochlear implant is doubled compared with that of the cochlear implant in the prior art, more channels can transmit richer sound clues to the hearing-impaired user, and the audio heard by the hearing-impaired user is clearer.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a frequency spectrum diagram of a voice according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mainstream cochlear implant channel in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a channel according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for working a cochlear implant using a binaural frequency-divided virtual electrode technique according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
To facilitate understanding of the description of the embodiments of the present invention, some key terms are explained herein:
1. an electrode: the cochlear implant is connected to the nerves in the cochlea of the user via electrodes.
2. A channel: the artificial cochlea processes sound into multi-channel electric signals, the auditory sense is better when the number of channels is larger, each channel transmits signals in a frequency range, and the number of the channels is limited by the number of electrodes.
3. And (3) hearing-impaired users: the hearing-impaired user refers to a user with an obstacle between an audio signal and a cochlear nerve, and does not include a user with a cochlear nerve and a central nerve problem.
4. Filtering: a signal of sound over a range of frequencies is acquired.
5. Same frequency: refers to the filtering mode of the same frequency band adopted by the artificial cochlea of the left and right ears in the prior art.
6. Spectrum diagram: and filtering a section of voice in each frequency band to obtain an energy distribution graph.
7. And (3) extraction of a spectrum peak: in the frequency spectrum of the sound of each frame, the energy of each frequency band is inconsistent, and the frequency band with relatively strong energy is selected as the signal code.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cochlear implant applying a binaural frequency division virtual electrode technology, wherein fig. 1 is a spectrogram of voice, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mainstream cochlear implant channel in the prior art, as shown in fig. 2, a main frequency range of audio is divided into a plurality of frequency bands, the number of the frequency bands is equal to the number of channels, each solid line represents the center frequency of one frequency band, and each frequency band is filtered to obtain one channel. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of channels according to an embodiment of the present application, and solid lines and dotted lines are respectively allocated to the left implant and the right implant, as can be seen from fig. 3, on the basis of fig. 2, the number of channels is doubled, that is, the number of channels in the present application is doubled compared with the number of channels in the prior art, more channels can provide more acoustic clues, and signals heard by the cochlear implants on both sides can be complemented, so that an audio effect heard by a user with hearing disabilities using the cochlear implants is clearer.
The artificial cochlea applying the binaural frequency division virtual electrode technology comprises an extracorporeal device, a first implant body and a second implant body, wherein the first implant body comprises a plurality of first electrodes, the second implant body comprises a plurality of second electrodes, the number of the first electrodes is the same as that of the second electrodes, and one electrode corresponds to one channel, so that the number of the channels of the first implant body is the same as that of the channels of the second implant body, and the central frequency of the channels of the first implant body is different from that of the channels of the second implant body.
The in-vitro device comprises a microphone and an audio signal processor, wherein the microphone is used for receiving audio and transmitting the audio to the audio signal processor, and the audio signal processor is used for processing the audio.
As shown in fig. 4, the workflow of the cochlear implant applying the virtual electrode technique of binaural frequency division may be as follows in steps 401 and 404:
And 403, encoding the numbered signals to convert the encoded signals into radio frequency signals, sending the even-numbered radio frequency signals to the first implant, and sending the odd-numbered radio frequency signals to the second implant. That is, the central frequencies received by the implants of the left and right ears are spaced, and the frequency division method can double the number of channels of the implants compared with the same frequency method in the prior art without changing the number of electrodes.
The virtual electrode technology refers to a technology for simultaneously discharging two electrodes of two implants.
In a feasible implementation manner, the first implant and the second implant convert the received signals into a first current corresponding to the first electrode and a second current corresponding to the second electrode in an electromagnetic induction manner, and the currents stimulate cochlear nerves so that the user hears audio, that is, the scheme of the application stimulates the electrodes of the left and right implants simultaneously, so that the two electrodes of the left and right implants discharge simultaneously.
It should be noted that, when a signal is received and two electrodes are simultaneously discharged, the current magnitudes of the two electrodes are different. Specifically, two electrodes closest to the center frequency of the signal are determined according to the center frequency of the signal, and the center frequencies of the channels of the two electrodes are one larger than the center frequency of the signal and one smaller than the center frequency of the signal. Then, the difference between the center frequency of the two electrodes and the center frequency of the signal is determined, the current corresponding to the electrode with the small difference is stronger, and the current corresponding to the electrode with the large difference is weaker. For example, assuming that the frequency of the signal is 110Hz, the center frequency of one of the two electrodes closest to the signal is 100Hz, and the center frequency of the other electrode is 150Hz, the current corresponding to the electrode with 100Hz is stronger, and the current corresponding to the electrode with 150Hz is weaker.
In addition, in order to further improve the effect, the left and right side implants and two electrodes of each side implant can be discharged simultaneously, namely, four electrodes can be discharged simultaneously. Specifically, signals are simultaneously sent to a first implant and a second implant, when the first implant receives the signals, the first implant converts the signals into two currents corresponding to two first electrodes in an electromagnetic induction mode according to the central frequency of the received signals, and the two currents stimulate cochlear nerves through the two first electrodes simultaneously; when the second implant receives the signal, the second implant converts the signal into two currents corresponding to the two second electrodes in an electromagnetic induction mode according to the central frequency of the received signal, and the two currents stimulate cochlear nerves through the two second electrodes simultaneously. Thus, the hearing effect of the hearing-impaired user can be better.
Optionally, the number of microphones of the cochlear implant may be set differently according to different needs of a user, and specifically, the audio transmission mode may be divided into a single-microphone mode and a dual-microphone mode according to the number of microphones.
Wherein the single microphone mode comprises:
when the center frequency of the target band is X, the center frequencies of two bands adjacent to the target band are a and B, respectively, and aA + bB is equal to X, the current of the first implant is Ia, the current of the second implant is Ib, and Ia/Ib is satisfied as a/B. In the single microphone mode, the number of center frequencies is double that of the single-sided cochlear implant of the prior art, and the single microphone mode has no acoustic discerning capability.
Wherein the dual microphone mode includes a first microphone and a second microphone, comprising:
after receiving the first audio, the first microphone sends the first audio to the audio signal processor, and the audio signal processor carries out filtering processing on the first audio according to a channel corresponding to the first implant; and after receiving the second audio, the second microphone sends the second audio to the audio signal processor, and the audio signal processor performs filtering processing on the second audio according to a channel corresponding to the second implant. The number of center frequencies of this pattern is double that of the prior art unilateral cochlear implant. Since the signals heard by the left and right sides come from different microphones, the sound signals on the two sides are not consistent because the head shadow effect is generated due to the shielding of the head on the sound. Therefore, the frequencies corresponding to the target signals at the same time may be different, and even all the frequencies are not in the same frequency band, so Ia/Ib is not required to be a/b. In such a mode, the ability to listen to sound and distinguish between positions is provided, so that the ability to identify the speaker is improved.
In the dual-microphone mode, if a coding scheme related to spectral peak extraction is adopted, the frequency bands selected at the two sides may be greatly different, and in order to solve the problem, it is preferable that the first microphone and the second microphone may acquire audio in a bilateral joint modulation manner. Specifically, two side allies oneself with transfers through bluetooth, wifi or the mode that the circuit directly links for first implant and second implant can receive the signal of similar frequency channel simultaneously, reduce the asynchronous interference that brings in both sides.
For the cochlear implant of the embodiment of the present invention:
1. through filtering the Chinese word speech, the experimental sound with extremely poor tone quality is synthesized, and the word dictation accuracy is inspected under the double-ear co-frequency and double-ear frequency division mode. Auditory experiments performed by technicians prove that: (1) compared with the same frequency of double ears, the acoustic distinguishing capability and the noise resolution capability of human ears are almost consistent under the bilateral frequency division mode. (2) The dictation accuracy of the binaural frequency division mode is obviously higher than that of binaural frequency division.
2. The expressions of tone patterns, vowel patterns and stop consonant patterns of the frequency division voices in the acoustic experimental analysis of the Chinese voices are closer to the acoustic expression of an original sound source than those of the same-frequency voices.
3. In the listening experiment, compared with the double-side same-frequency mode, the double-side frequency division mode can distinguish similar pronunciation, and has better perception to music.
In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition of not changing the number of the electrodes of the cochlear implant, the number of the channels of the cochlear implant is doubled compared with the number of the channels of the cochlear implant in the prior art by distributing the signals with different central frequencies to the left ear implant and the right ear implant, more channels can transmit richer sound clues to the hearing-impaired user, and the audio heard by the hearing-impaired user is clearer.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A cochlear implant applying a virtual electrode technique of binaural frequency division comprises an extracorporeal device, a first implant and a second implant, wherein the first implant comprises a plurality of first electrodes, the second implant comprises a plurality of second electrodes, the number of the first electrodes is the same as that of the second electrodes, one electrode corresponds to one channel, the number of the channels of the first implant is the same as that of the channels of the second implant, and the central frequency of the channels of the first implant is different from that of the channels of the second implant;
the extracorporeal device comprises a microphone and an audio signal processor;
the microphone is used for receiving audio and transmitting the audio to the audio signal processor;
the audio signal processor converts audio into signals in different frequency ranges through the filter, numbers the signals according to a preset numbering rule and the central frequency of the signals, codes the numbered signals to convert the numbered signals into radio frequency signals, sends the radio frequency signals with even numbers to the first implant, and sends the radio frequency signals with odd numbers to the second implant; the first implant and the second implant allow a user to hear sounds through virtual electrode technology.
2. The cochlear implant of claim 1, wherein the first and second implants allow a user to hear sounds through a virtual electrode technique, comprising:
the first implant and the second implant convert received signals into first current corresponding to the first electrode and second current corresponding to the second electrode in an electromagnetic induction mode, and the currents stimulate cochlear nerves to enable hearing-impaired users to hear audio.
3. The cochlear implant of claim 1, wherein the numbering rules comprise:
the numbers are 1, 2, 3, … … and 2n according to the sequence of the central frequency from low frequency to high frequency, the frequency corresponding to each number increases exponentially from a preset lower frequency limit as a starting point, the low frequency areas are densely distributed, and the high frequency areas are sparsely distributed.
4. The cochlear implant of claim 1, wherein the manner of audio transmission is divided into a single microphone mode and a dual microphone mode according to the number of microphones.
5. The cochlear implant of claim 4, wherein the single microphone mode comprises:
when the center frequency of the target band is X, the center frequencies of two bands adjacent to the target band are a and B, respectively, and aA + bB is equal to X, the current of the first implant is Ia, the current of the second implant is Ib, and Ia/Ib is satisfied as a/B.
6. The cochlear implant of claim 4, wherein the dual microphone mode comprises a first microphone and a second microphone, comprising:
after receiving a first audio, the first microphone sends the first audio to the audio signal processor, and the audio signal processor performs filtering processing on the first audio according to a channel corresponding to the first implant;
and after receiving a second audio, the second microphone sends the second audio to the audio signal processor, and the audio signal processor performs filtering processing on the second audio according to a channel corresponding to the second implant.
7. The cochlear implant of claim 6, wherein the first audio received by the first microphone is not identical to the second audio received by the second microphone.
8. The cochlear implant of claim 6, wherein the first microphone and the second microphone capture audio in a bi-lateral coherent mode.
9. The cochlear implant of claim 8, wherein the bilateral joint tone is configured to allow the first microphone and the second microphone to simultaneously acquire target signals of similar frequency bands by means of bluetooth, wifi or direct connection of lines.
10. The cochlear implant of claim 2, wherein the preset lower frequency limit is a lower frequency limit of a normal human hearing range determined through experimentation.
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| CN106999706A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2017-08-01 | Med-El电气医疗器械有限公司 | The frequency of hearing implantable stimulation and the bilateral matching of delay |
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| US20090248110A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | National Chiao Tung University | Method and apparatus for controlling electrical stimulation |
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