CN113225824A - Device and method for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on 5G technology - Google Patents
Device and method for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on 5G technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on a 5G technology, wherein the device comprises a transmission access module, an automatic bandwidth allocation module and a service analysis module, wherein the transmission access module is in communication connection with a corresponding port of SPN equipment through a communication cable; the data port of the transmission access module is electrically connected with the data port of the bandwidth automatic allocation module through a data cable, and the data port of the service analysis module is electrically connected with the data port of the bandwidth automatic allocation module through a data cable; and the communication port of the service analysis module is in communication connection with the communication ports of the 5G different service wireless devices through communication cables. The invention can directly connect with SPN transmission equipment and 5G wireless equipment through a data cable to obtain related data from the wireless equipment of the existing network, scientifically analyze different service requirement conditions under the 5G network by combining the actual network operation state, and scientifically analyze and reasonably configure the bandwidth of the 5G network according to the service requirement conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mobile communication technology, in particular to a device and a method for automatically distributing bandwidths with different service requirements based on a 5G technology.
Background
With the rapid development of intelligent equipment and the commercialization of 5G networks, as the characteristics and development direction of 5G network technology are greatly different from those of the conventional 4G network, 5G services are more widely developed and various services are provided, and the bandwidth requirements of each service are greatly different according to the characteristics of the services, so that the functions of reducing cost and improving efficiency are achieved, each operator is more cautious to the construction of the 5G network, and at the initial stage of the construction of the 5G network, in order to better construct the 5G network and improve the resource utilization rate of the 5G network, a great deal of analysis needs to be performed on the requirements of the existing network and the services, and the construction mode of the 5G network is cautiously selected by combining the structural characteristics of the 5G network. At the present stage, the 5G network construction period is long due to the self characteristics of the 5G and the limited analysis mode, the utilization rate of network bandwidth resources is low, and the 5G network planning mode selection error causes the problems of great waste of network bandwidth resources and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for automatically allocating different service demand bandwidths based on a 5G technology, wherein the device acquires the bandwidth information required by the current network from 45G different service wireless devices (BBUs), and automatically allocates corresponding bandwidth ports according to the analysis result through 5G related service demand analysis, thereby providing powerful support for the construction of each service bandwidth demand of the subsequent 5G network.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a bandwidth automatic allocation device based on 5G technology and different service requirements comprises a transmission access module, a bandwidth automatic allocation module and a service analysis module, wherein the transmission access module adopts a PM5342 chip; the automatic bandwidth allocation module adopts a VT6120 chip; the business analysis module adopts an 88E8001 chip; the transmission access module is in communication connection with a corresponding port of the SPN equipment through a communication cable; the data port of the transmission access module is electrically connected with the data port of the bandwidth automatic allocation module through a data cable, and the data port of the service analysis module is electrically connected with the data port of the bandwidth automatic allocation module through a data cable; and the communication port of the service analysis module is in communication connection with the communication ports of the 5G different service wireless devices through communication cables.
Further, the transmission access module comprises a 200GE optical interface, a 100GE optical interface, a 50GE optical interface, a 40GE optical interface and a 10GE optical interface, and the 200GE optical interface, the 100GE optical interface, the 50GE optical interface, the 40GE optical interface and the 10GE optical interface are directly accessed to corresponding ports of the SPN through communication cables.
Furthermore, the bandwidth automatic allocation module comprises a service management module, a service processing module and a service allocation module; the service management module comprises a service demand management module and a service demand memory module, the service processing module comprises a service balance processing module and a service emergency processing module, and the service distribution module comprises an automatic port distribution module and a manual port distribution module. Wherein, the business management module adopts 2252B chip and 24C01ACEA chip; the business processing module adopts a 47C432GP chip; the service distribution module adopts a 74LS125 chip. The service management module is respectively and electrically connected with the service processing module and the service distribution module through data cables; the service processing module is respectively and electrically connected with the service management module and the service distribution module through data cables; the service distribution module is electrically connected with the service management module and the service processing module through data cables. Wherein, the business requirement management module adopts a 2252B chip; the business requirement memory module adopts a 24C01ACEA chip. The service demand management module and the service demand memory module are electrically connected through a data cable. The service equalization processing module and the service emergency processing module adopt 47C432GP chips. The service equalization processing module and the service emergency processing module are electrically connected through a data cable. Wherein, the automatic port distribution module and the manual port distribution module adopt 74LS125 chips. The automatic port assignment module and the manual port assignment module (232) are electrically connected by a data cable.
Further, the service analysis module comprises a conventional service analysis module, an internet of things service analysis module, a large connection service analysis module, a large bandwidth service analysis module, a low delay service analysis module, a regular service analysis module, a burst emergency service analysis module and other service analysis modules. The conventional service analysis module, the internet of things service analysis module, the large connection service analysis module, the large bandwidth service analysis module, the low delay service analysis module, the regularity service analysis module, the emergency service analysis module and other service analysis modules all adopt 88E8001 chips. The conventional business analysis module and the Internet of things business analysis module are electrically connected through a data cable; the Internet of things service analysis module and the large connection service analysis module are electrically connected through a data cable; the large connection service analysis module and the large bandwidth service analysis module are electrically connected through a data cable; the large bandwidth service analysis module and the low time delay service analysis module are electrically connected through a data cable; the low-delay service analysis module and the regular service analysis module are electrically connected through a data cable; the regular service analysis module and the emergent service analysis module are electrically connected through a data cable; the burst emergency service analysis module is electrically connected with other service analysis modules through a data cable.
Further, the communication cable is one of a pigtail and an armored optical cable; the data cable is a COM port data cable or a USB port data cable.
A distribution method of bandwidth automatic distribution devices with different service requirements based on 5G technology is provided, wherein an analysis method for adjusting bandwidth resources at any time is carried out by adopting a multiple regression statistical mode according to the bandwidth requirement change of different 5G network services:
through the analysis of observed values or historical data of different 5G network service bandwidth requirements, the correlation among all variables is determined: assuming that the bandwidth required to be allocated to the 5G service to be predicted is y, the type of the 5G service requirement is x, the number of samples in each group, that is, the number of different 5G services is p, and n groups represent the observed values in different time periods as follows:
(x1i，x2i，…，xpi，yi)；i＝1，2，…，n (1)
the multivariate regression model is defined using equation (2):
the following method is adopted for variable replacement: order:
b＝[b1 b2 … bp]T
y＝[y1 y2 … yp]T
wherein: b1，b2，…，bpIs the regression parameter variable at time T; x is a stable time sequence group; applying the above alternative variables to equation (2), the multiple regression model is simplified to the following calculation:
y＝bX (3)
determining the minimum sum of squares of residual errors, wherein the minimum difference Q between the size of the allocated bandwidth and the size of the bandwidth required by the 5G service is the most appropriate standard; by calculation, the square loss function is found to be:
wherein: xt-1，Xt-2，…，Xt-pAnd (3) calculating a similar square loss function in a multiple linear regression model for a sub-sample observation value sequence of the X at the p moment before the t moment by using:
wherein: y isiIs an actual value; the parameter b being a characteristic (x)i1，xi2，…，xip) (i ═ 1, 2, …, n) for each component; in equation (5), the square loss function is multiplied by 1/2 to cancel the coefficient generated by the derivation; let h (x) be hb(x)＝b1xi1+b2xi2+…+bpxipThe new square loss function is as follows:
solving the minimum value of Q (b) by adopting a gradient descent algorithm; in this algorithm, the direction of the gradient is the opposite of the partial derivative, i.e.:
wherein α is a learning rate used to adjust the rate of movement of q (b) downward; for each sample, the derivative part in equation (7)
The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
to pair
After derivation, the gradient formula evolves into equation (9):
the change of each parameter along the gradient direction is calculated by:
when the gradient descent algorithm is used for calculation, b is initialized firstly, then the parameters of b are calculated through continuous iteration, and the final result converges to the optimal value.
Further, the gradient descent algorithm comprises the steps of:
1) determining the size of a bandwidth requirement analysis period of the 5G service;
2) given an initial 5G traffic bandwidth requirement size set b1，b2，…，bp}；
3) Determining a gradient descending direction, then moving downwards according to the analysis period size of the initially determined 5G service bandwidth requirement, and updating b1，b2，…，bp；
4) Stopping the descent when the height of the descent is less than a defined threshold; otherwise, the iterative search is continued.
The invention has the advantages that:
the automatic bandwidth allocation device based on the 5G technology and different service requirements is suitable for 5G network construction analysis, the data collection of the device is simple and easy to operate, relevant data can be directly obtained from existing network 5G wireless equipment (BBU) through a communication cable, the size of each service requirement bandwidth of the 5G network is scientifically analyzed by combining the actual network operation state, and the 5G network construction mode is scientifically guided. Meanwhile, the invention also has the function of analyzing the service requirements of the 5G network, the service analysis module of the invention can intuitively know the bandwidth required by each service of the 5G network in the network operation process, and different solutions are directly adopted aiming at different service bandwidth requirements, thereby greatly improving the utilization rate of network bandwidth resources. The bandwidth automatic allocation module of the invention automatically and reasonably analyzes and allocates the service requirement of the current network, thereby reasonably utilizing the resources of the current network. The service emergency processing module can process the problem of sudden congestion at any time and provides guarantee for the normal operation of a wireless network. And technical support is provided for the subsequent 5G network planning construction and optimization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a device for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on a 5G technology according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural link diagram of an automatic bandwidth allocation device based on 5G technology and having different service requirements according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments. It should be noted that, the relevant modules involved in the present system are all hardware system modules or are functional modules combining computer software programs or protocols with hardware in the prior art, and the computer software programs or protocols involved in the functional modules are all techniques known per se by those skilled in the art, which are not improvements of the present system; the improvement of the system is the interaction relation or the connection relation among all the modules, namely the integral structure of the system is improved, so as to solve the corresponding technical problems to be solved by the system.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention relates to a bandwidth automatic allocation device based on 5G technology and having different service requirements: the system comprises a transmission access module 1, a bandwidth automatic allocation module 2 and a service analysis module 3, wherein the transmission access module 1 adopts a PM5342 chip; the automatic bandwidth allocation module 2 adopts a VT6120 chip; the business analysis module 3 adopts an 88E8001 chip. The transmission access module is in communication connection with a corresponding port of the SPN equipment through a communication cable 5; the data port of the transmission access module 1 is electrically connected with the data port of the bandwidth automatic allocation module 2 through a data cable 4, and the data port of the service analysis module 3 is electrically connected with the data port of the bandwidth automatic allocation module 2 through the data cable 4; the communication port of the service analysis module 3 is communicatively connected to the wireless device (BBU) communication port of the 5G different service via a communication cable 5.
The transmission access module is used for accessing different access capabilities and different interface types in the SPN into a wireless network, and ports with different access capabilities are divided into different grades according to transmission capabilities. The bandwidth automatic allocation module 2 is configured to perform demand management on the data fed back by the service analysis module 3, classify and manage service requirements of different levels according to the demanded bandwidth, periodically memorize the classified requirements through the service requirement memory module 212, send the managed data information to the service processing module 22, and perform load balancing processing on the data, so that the data is reasonably used under the limited resource bandwidth, and waste of resources is avoided. In the process of service processing, if there is a large burst flow, the service emergency processing module 222 performs emergency analysis according to the current network load balancing processing result, reasonably allocates bandwidth resources, ensures normal use of the burst service, and memorizes whether the burst service is periodic or aperiodic through the service demand memory module 212. The service processing module 22 sends the service after the analysis processing to the service allocation module 23, and performs service allocation by means of automatic port allocation and manual port allocation. The service analysis module 3 is used for analyzing bandwidth requirements of different services such as a wireless network conventional service, an internet of things service, a large connection service, a large bandwidth service, a low-delay service, a regular service, a burst emergency service, other services and the like, analyzing and recording the size of the required bandwidth of each wireless network, analyzing the peak value size of the required bandwidth of each wireless network in busy hour and idle hour, analyzing the average required bandwidth size of each network, and feeding an analysis result back to the bandwidth automatic allocation module for bandwidth allocation processing.
Wherein: the transmission access module 1 specifically comprises a 200GE optical interface 11, a 100GE optical interface 12, a 50GE optical interface 13, a 40GE optical interface 14 and a 10GE optical interface 15; the 200GE optical interface, the 100GE optical interface, the 50GE optical interface, the 40GE optical interface and the 10GE optical interface are directly connected to corresponding ports of the SPN through communication cables.
The bandwidth automatic allocation module 2 comprises a service management module 21, a service processing module 22 and a service allocation module 23. The service management module 21 is configured to perform demand management on the data fed back by the service analysis module, classify and manage service requirements of different levels according to required bandwidth, and periodically memorize bandwidth requirement conditions of different networks; the service processing module 22 is configured to perform load balancing processing on the data, so that the data is reasonably used under a limited resource bandwidth, and resource waste is avoided. In the process of service processing, if a large flow rate suddenly occurs, the service emergency processing module can perform emergency analysis according to the current network load balancing processing result, reasonably allocate bandwidth resources, ensure normal use of the sudden service, and record whether the sudden service is periodic or aperiodic. The service distribution module 23 is configured to distribute the processed service information to services in an automatic port distribution mode and a manual port distribution mode.
The service management module 21 includes a service demand management module 211 and a service demand memory module 212, wherein the service demand management module 211 mainly performs planning management on information fed back by the service analysis module, and performs classification management according to the size of service demand bandwidth; the service requirement memory module 212 is mainly used for recording bandwidth requirement of different services, and can be divided into two modes, namely periodic recording and burst recording according to the nature of the services.
The service processing module 22 comprises a service balancing processing module 221 and a service emergency processing module 222, wherein the service balancing processing module 221 mainly performs load balancing processing on data, and reasonably allocates the data, so that the data can be reasonably used under a limited resource bandwidth, and resource waste is avoided; the service emergency processing module 222 mainly analyzes and processes the sudden large-flow service condition in time, and performs emergency analysis according to the current network load balancing processing result, thereby reasonably allocating bandwidth resources and guaranteeing normal use of the sudden service.
The service allocation module 23 includes an automatic port allocation module 231 and a manual port allocation module 232, wherein the automatic port allocation module 231 is mainly configured to automatically match ports with corresponding bandwidth sizes according to analysis results, and the manual port allocation module 232 is configured to allocate different bandwidth requirements to different bandwidth ports by manual operation.
The service analysis module 3 includes a conventional service analysis module 31, an internet of things service analysis module 32, a large connection service analysis module 33, a large bandwidth service analysis module 34, a low delay service analysis module 35, a regular service analysis module 36, a burst emergency service analysis module 37, and another service analysis module 38. The conventional service analysis module 31 mainly analyzes and records the required bandwidth size, the peak size of the required bandwidth when the wireless network is busy, the peak size of the required bandwidth when the wireless network is idle, and the average required bandwidth size of the conventional indoor distribution service, the macro base station service, the conventional voice service, the conventional data service and the like; the internet of things service analysis module 32 is mainly used for analyzing and recording service required bandwidth for intelligent home service, intelligent traffic service, intelligent medical service, intelligent logistics service and the like; the large connection service analysis module 33 mainly analyzes and records the service required bandwidth size of the intelligent industrial service, the intelligent control service and the like; the large bandwidth service analysis module 34 mainly analyzes and records the service bandwidth requirements of the ultra high definition video service, the VR service, the AR service, and the like; the low-delay service analysis module 35 mainly analyzes and records the service required bandwidth size for services requiring low delay, such as automatic driving; the regular service analysis module 36 mainly analyzes and records the bandwidth size of service demand for regularly changing services; the burst emergency service analysis module 37 is any analysis record for the bandwidth size required by the burst service; the other service analysis module 38 is configured to analyze and record the size of the service bandwidth required by the special requirements such as the temporary service provisioning service.
The communication cable 5 is one of a pigtail and an armored optical cable. The data cable 4 is a COM port data cable or a USB port data cable.
A distribution method of bandwidth automatic distribution devices with different service requirements based on 5G technology comprises the following steps:
according to the bandwidth requirement change of different 5G network services, the analysis method for adjusting the bandwidth resources at any time can be carried out by adopting a multiple regression statistical mode. Multiple regression often studies variables versus variables when processing measured data. The relationships between variables are generally divided into two categories. One is a fully deterministic relationship, i.e., a functional relationship; one is a correlation relationship, i.e., there is a close relationship between variables, but the value of one variable cannot be derived from the values of another variable. The task of regression analysis is to describe the relationships between the relevant variables by mathematical expressions. And determining the correlation among the variables through analyzing observed values or historical data of different 5G network service bandwidth requirements. Assuming that the bandwidth required to be allocated to the 5G service to be predicted is y, the type of the 5G service requirement is x, the number of samples in each group, that is, the number of different 5G services is p, and n groups represent the observed values in different time periods as follows:
(x1i，x2i，…，xpi，yi)；i＝1，2，…，n (1)
by further analysis, a multivariate regression model is defined using equation (2):
for more convenient calculation, the following method is adopted for variable replacement: order:
b＝[b1 b2 … bp]T
y＝[y1 y2 … yp]T
wherein: b1，b2，…，bpIs the regression parameter variable at time T; x is a stationary time seriesGroup (d); applying the above alternative variables to equation (2), the multiple regression model is simplified to the following calculation:
y＝bX (3)
the minimum difference Q between the size of the allocated bandwidth and the size of the required bandwidth of the 5G service is the most appropriate standard by determining the minimum sum of squares of the residuals. By calculation, the square loss function can be found as:
wherein: xt-1，Xt-2，…，Xt-pSimilar square loss functions can also be obtained by calculation in a multiple linear regression model for the sub-sample observation sequence of the time X itself before p time t:
wherein: y isiIs an actual value; the parameter b being a characteristic (x)i1，xi2，…，xip) (i ═ 1, 2, …, n) for each component. In equation (5), the square loss function is multiplied by 1/2 to cancel the coefficient resulting from the derivation. Let h (x) be hb(x)＝b1xi1+b2xi2+…+bpxipThe new square loss function is as follows:
here, a gradient descent algorithm is further used to minimize q (b). The gradient descent algorithm is an optimization method that gradually approaches the optimum value by continuously moving the parameter in the opposite direction of the gradient. In the gradient descent algorithm, the direction of the gradient is the direction in which the function value increases the fastest, where the minimum value of q (b) is required, so in this algorithm the direction of the gradient should be the opposite of the partial derivative, i.e.:
where α is the learning rate used to adjust the rate of the downward movement of q (b). For each sample, the derivative part in equation (7)
The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
to pair
After derivation, the gradient formula evolves into equation (9):
the variation of each parameter along the gradient direction can be calculated by the following equation:
when the gradient descent algorithm is used for calculation, b is initialized firstly, then the parameters of b are calculated through continuous iteration, and the final result converges to the optimal value.
The steps of the gradient descent algorithm are as follows:
1) and determining the size of the bandwidth requirement analysis period of the 5G service.
2) Given an initial 5G traffic bandwidth requirement size set b1，b2，…，bp}。
3) Determining a gradient descending direction, then moving downwards according to the analysis period size of the initially determined 5G service bandwidth requirement, and updating b1，b2，…，bp。
4) Stopping the descent when the height of the descent is less than a defined threshold; otherwise, the iterative search is continued.
In the multiple linear regression model, the weight determination of variables is divided into two types, one is a parameter learning method and the other is an nonparametric learning method. In the parameter learning method, a model obtains a series of weights (parameters) through training data, and then predicts the data according to the weights. In the prediction process of the non-parameter learning method, new data needs to be retrained each time to obtain new weights, which causes that the weights obtained by training each time are also different.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A bandwidth automatic allocation device based on 5G technology for different service demands is characterized in that: the system comprises a transmission access module (1), a bandwidth automatic allocation module (2) and a service analysis module (3), wherein the transmission access module adopts a PM5342 chip; the automatic bandwidth allocation module adopts a VT6120 chip; the business analysis module adopts an 88E8001 chip; the transmission access module is in communication connection with a corresponding port of the SPN equipment through a communication cable (5); the data port of the transmission access module is electrically connected with the data port of the automatic bandwidth allocation module through a data cable (4), and the data port of the service analysis module is electrically connected with the data port of the automatic bandwidth allocation module through the data cable (4); and the communication port of the service analysis module is in communication connection with the communication port of the 5G different service wireless equipment through a communication cable (5).
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on 5G technology comprises: the transmission access module 1 specifically comprises a 200GE optical interface (11), a 100GE optical interface (12), a 50GE optical interface (13), a 40GE optical interface (14) and a 10GE optical interface (15); the 200GE optical interface, the 100GE optical interface, the 50GE optical interface, the 40GE optical interface and the 10GE optical interface are directly connected to corresponding ports of the SPN through communication cables.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on 5G technology comprises: the bandwidth automatic allocation module comprises a service management module (21), a service processing module (22) and a service allocation module (23), wherein the service management module (21) adopts a 2252B chip and a 24C01ACEA chip; the service processing module (22) adopts a 47C432GP chip; the service distribution module (23) adopts a 74LS125 chip; the service management module (21) is electrically connected with the service processing module (22) and the service distribution module (23) through a data cable (4) respectively; the service processing module (22) is electrically connected with the service management module (21) and the service distribution module (23) through a data cable (4) respectively; the service distribution module (23) is electrically connected with the service management module (21) and the service processing module (22) through the data cable (4).
4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the device for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on the 5G technology comprises: the service management module comprises a service demand management module (211) and a service demand memorizing module (212); the business requirement management module (211) adopts a 2252B chip; the business requirement memory module (212) adopts a 24C01ACEA chip; the service demand management module (211) and the service demand memory module (212) are electrically connected through a data cable (4).
5. The device and the method for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on the 5G technology according to claim 3 are characterized in that: the service processing module comprises a service balancing processing module (221) and a service emergency processing module (222); the service equalization processing module (221) and the service emergency processing module (222) both adopt 47C432GP chips; the service equalization processing module (221) and the service emergency processing module (222) are electrically connected through a data cable (4).
6. The device and the method for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on the 5G technology according to claim 3 are characterized in that: the service distribution module 23 comprises an automatic port distribution module (231) and a manual port distribution module (232); the automatic port distribution module (231) and the manual port distribution module (232) both adopt 74LS125 chips; the automatic port assignment module (231) and the manual port assignment module (232) are electrically connected by a data cable (4).
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device for automatically allocating bandwidths with different service requirements based on 5G technology comprises: the service analysis module comprises a conventional service analysis module (31), an Internet of things service analysis module (32), a large connection service analysis module (33), a large bandwidth service analysis module (34), a low delay service analysis module (35), a regular service analysis module (36), a burst emergency service analysis module (37) and other service analysis modules (38);
the conventional service analysis module (31), the internet of things service analysis module (32), the large connection service analysis module (33), the large bandwidth service analysis module (34), the low delay service analysis module (35), the regularity service analysis module (36), the burst emergency service analysis module (37) and other service analysis modules (38) all adopt 88E8001 chips; the conventional business analysis module (31) and the Internet of things business analysis module (32) are electrically connected through a data cable (4); the Internet of things service analysis module (32) is electrically connected with the large connection service analysis module (33) through a data cable (4); the large connection service analysis module (33) and the large bandwidth service analysis module (34) are electrically connected through a data cable (4); the large bandwidth service analysis module (34) and the low time delay service analysis module (35) are electrically connected through a data cable (4); the low-delay service analysis module (35) is electrically connected with the regular service analysis module (36) through a data cable (4); the regular service analysis module (36) and the emergent service analysis module (37) are electrically connected through a data cable (4); the burst emergency service analysis module (37) and the other service analysis modules (38) are electrically connected through the data cable (4).
8. The device for automatically allocating bandwidth with different service requirements based on 5G technology according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the communication cable is one of a tail fiber and an armored optical cable; the data cable is a COM port data cable or a USB port data cable.
9. The allocation method of the 5G technology-based bandwidth automatic allocation device with different service demands according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the analysis method for adjusting the bandwidth resources at any time according to the change of the service bandwidth demands of different 5G networks is performed by adopting a statistical method of multiple regression:
through the analysis of observed values or historical data of different 5G network service bandwidth requirements, the correlation among all variables is determined: assuming that the bandwidth required to be allocated to the 5G service to be predicted is y, the type of the 5G service requirement is x, the number of samples in each group, that is, the number of different 5G services is p, and n groups represent the observed values in different time periods as follows:
(x1i，x2i，…，xpi，yi)；i＝1，2，…，n (1)
the multivariate regression model is defined using equation (2):
the variable replacement is carried out by adopting the following method:
b＝[b1 b2…bp]T
y＝[y1 y2…yp]T
wherein b is1，b2，…，bpIs the regression parameter variable at time T; x is a stable time sequence group; applying the above alternative variables to equation (2), the multiple regression model is simplified to the following calculation:
y＝bX (3)
determining the minimum sum of squares of residual errors, wherein the minimum difference Q between the size of the allocated bandwidth and the size of the bandwidth required by the 5G service is the most appropriate standard; by calculation, the square loss function is found to be:
wherein X ist-1，Xt-2，…，Xt-pAnd (3) calculating a similar square loss function in a multiple linear regression model for a sub-sample observation value sequence of the X at the p moment before the t moment by using:
wherein y isiIs an actual value; the parameter b being a characteristic (x)i1，xi2，…，xip) (i ═ 1, 2, …, n) for each component; in equation (5), the square loss function is multiplied by 1/2 to cancel the coefficient generated by the derivation; let h (x) be hb(x)＝b1xi1+b2xi2+…+bpxipThe new square loss function is as follows:
solving the minimum value of Q (b) by adopting a gradient descent algorithm; in this algorithm, the direction of the gradient is the opposite of the partial derivative, i.e.:
wherein α is a learning rate used to adjust the rate of movement of q (b) downward; for each sample, the derivative part in equation (7)
The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
to pair
After derivation, the gradient formula evolves into equation (9):
bj＝bj+α(y(i)-hb(x(i)))xj (i) (9)
the change of each parameter along the gradient direction is calculated by:
when the gradient descent algorithm is used for calculation, b is initialized firstly, then the parameters of b are calculated through continuous iteration, and the final result converges to the optimal value.
10. The allocation method of the device for automatically allocating bandwidth with different service requirements based on the 5G technology according to claim 9, wherein the gradient descent algorithm comprises the following steps:
1) determining the size of a bandwidth requirement analysis period of the 5G service;
2) given an initial 5G traffic bandwidth requirement size set b1，b2，…，bp}；
3) Determining a gradient descending direction, then moving downwards according to the analysis period size of the initially determined 5G service bandwidth requirement, and updating b1，b2，…，bp；
4) Stopping the descent when the height of the descent is less than a defined threshold; otherwise, the iterative search is continued.
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