CN113225134A

CN113225134A - All-optical switching method and device based on modulation format

Info

Publication number: CN113225134A
Application number: CN202110459570.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宏祥; 丁宇; 纪越峰
Original assignee: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Current assignee: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Priority date: 2021-04-27
Filing date: 2021-04-27
Publication date: 2021-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-27
Also published as: CN113225134B

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a modulation format-based all-optical switching method and a modulation format-based all-optical switching device, which relate to the technical field of optical communication, and the method comprises the following steps: identifying a modulation format of a modulated optical signal to be processed; according to the modulation format, carrying out vector decomposition on the modulation optical signal to be processed based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relation of the modulation optical signal to be processed to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals; according to the output path of each decomposed optical signal recorded in the routing table, respectively performing optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal, and respectively switching each decomposed optical signal to the output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path; and aggregating the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port into one path of optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signal. By applying the scheme provided by the embodiment, the flexibility of all-optical switching can be improved.

Description

All-optical switching method and device based on modulation format

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to an all-optical switching method and device based on a modulation format.

Background

An optical communications network comprises network nodes for transmitting signals and switching nodes for switching signals. All-optical switching means that signals are not subjected to any photoelectric conversion in the switching process, and communication equipment directly switches optical signals to output ports corresponding to different channels in an optical domain, so that the purpose of information switching is finally achieved.

In the prior art, the main type of optical communication network is a multi-dimensional composite optical switching network composed of network nodes adopting a wavelength division multiplexing mode and switching nodes adopting a space division switching mode. In a multi-dimensional composite optical switching network, optical signals for transmitting information are mainly optical signals in a high-order modulation format, and the optical signals in the high-order modulation format can realize loading of multiple pieces of information by using optical signals with one wavelength. Therefore, the flexibility of applying the prior art for all-optical switching is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an all-optical switching method and device based on a modulation format, which are used for solving the problem of low flexibility of all-optical switching. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an all-optical switching method based on a modulation format, where the method includes:

identifying a modulation format of a modulated optical signal to be processed;

according to the modulation format, performing vector decomposition on the modulation optical signal to be processed based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relation of the modulation optical signal to be processed to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals, wherein the constellation characteristic of one signal is as follows: the representation includes information of constellation point distribution in a constellation diagram of constellation points corresponding to the signal, and the logical mapping relationship is as follows: mapping relation between each bit in the optical signal of the modulation format and each path of decomposed optical signal;

according to the output path of each decomposed optical signal recorded in the routing table, respectively performing optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal, and respectively switching each decomposed optical signal to the output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path;

and aggregating the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port into one path of optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signal.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the preset number is 2, the performing, according to the modulation format, vector decomposition on the to-be-processed modulated optical signal based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relationship of the to-be-processed modulated optical signal to obtain a preset number of decomposed optical signals includes:

and according to the modulation format, carrying out vector decomposition on the modulation optical signal to be processed in a phase quadrature decomposition mode to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the preset number is 3, the performing, according to the modulation format, vector decomposition on the to-be-processed modulated optical signal based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relationship of the to-be-processed modulated optical signal to obtain a preset number of decomposed optical signals includes:

according to the modulation format, performing signal conversion on the modulation optical signal to be processed in a phase compression mode to obtain a first optical signal with a preset modulation format;

obtaining second harmonic generated in the phase compression process of the modulation optical signal to be processed;

converting the second harmonic into a second optical signal having the same modulation format as the first optical signal;

and performing phase quadrature decomposition on the first optical signal and the second optical signal to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the performing optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal according to the output path of each decomposed optical signal recorded in the routing table, and switching each decomposed optical signal to the output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path includes:

adjusting output paths of all the decomposed optical signals recorded in a routing table according to the signal exchange requirements aiming at the modulated optical signals to be processed;

and performing optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal according to the adjusted output path, and switching each decomposed optical signal to an output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the aggregating, according to a constellation characteristic of decomposed optical signals, decomposed optical signal vectors exchanged to the same output port into one optical signal includes:

in the case where the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port include two decomposed optical signals, vector-aggregating the decomposed optical signals in one of the following manners:

based on the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signals, aggregating the two paths of decomposed optical signal vectors into one path of optical signal in a signal coherent superposition mode;

and converting one path of decomposed optical signal into a third optical signal in a preset signal form, and carrying out vector aggregation on the third optical signal and the other path of decomposed optical signal in a phase modulation mode to obtain one path of aggregated optical signal.

in the case where the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port include three decomposed optical signals, vector-aggregating the decomposed optical signals in the following manner:

superposing the two paths of decomposed optical signals into an intermediate optical signal in a preset modulation format in a signal coherent superposition mode;

converting the third split optical signal into a fourth optical signal in a preset signal form;

and carrying out vector aggregation on the intermediate optical signal and the fourth optical signal in a phase modulation mode to obtain a path of aggregated optical signal.

performing signal synchronization processing on the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port;

and carrying out vector aggregation on the synchronized decomposed optical signals according to the constellation characteristics of the synchronized decomposed optical signals to obtain aggregated optical signals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the vector aggregation is performed on the synchronized decomposed optical signals according to the constellation characteristics of the synchronized decomposed optical signals to obtain aggregated optical signals, including:

and carrying out vector aggregation on the synchronized decomposed optical signals in a signal coherent superposition and/or phase modulation mode to obtain an aggregated optical signal.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an all-optical switching apparatus based on a modulation format, where the apparatus includes:

the modulation format identification module is used for identifying the modulation format of the modulation optical signal to be processed;

a vector decomposition module, configured to perform vector decomposition on the to-be-processed modulated optical signal based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relationship of the to-be-processed modulated optical signal according to the modulation format to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals, where the constellation characteristic of one signal is: the representation includes information of constellation point distribution in a constellation diagram of constellation points corresponding to the signal, and the logical mapping relationship is as follows: mapping relation between each bit in the optical signal of the modulation format and each path of decomposed optical signal;

the optical switching module is used for respectively carrying out optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal according to the output path of each decomposed optical signal recorded in the routing table and respectively switching each decomposed optical signal to the output port of the communication equipment corresponding to the channel appointed by the corresponding output path;

and the vector aggregation module is used for aggregating the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port into one path of optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the preset number is 2, the vector decomposition module is specifically configured to:

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the preset number is 3, the vector decomposition module is specifically configured to:

In an embodiment of the present invention, the optical switching module is specifically configured to:

In an embodiment of the present invention, the vector aggregation module is specifically configured to:

In an embodiment of the present invention, the vector aggregation module includes:

the signal synchronization submodule is used for carrying out signal synchronization processing on the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port;

and the first aggregation submodule is used for carrying out vector aggregation on the synchronized decomposed optical signals according to the constellation characteristics of the synchronized decomposed optical signals to obtain aggregated optical signals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first aggregation sub-module is specifically configured to:

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, where the processor and the communication interface complete communication between the memory and the processor through the communication bus;

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor configured to implement the optical signal switching method according to any one of the first aspect when executing a program stored in a memory.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the optical signal switching method according to any one of the first aspects.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

when the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to optical signal exchange, the modulation format of an optical signal to be processed can be identified, vector decomposition is carried out on the optical signal to be processed based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relation of the modulated optical signal to be processed according to the modulation format of the optical signal to be processed to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals, optical exchange processing is respectively carried out on each decomposed optical signal according to the output path of each decomposed optical signal recorded in the routing table, each decomposed optical signal is respectively exchanged to the output port of the communication equipment corresponding to the channel designated by the corresponding output path, the decomposed optical signal vectors exchanged to the same output port are aggregated into one path of optical signal according to the constellation characteristic of the decomposed optical signal, and the optical signal exchange is completed. Because a plurality of information may be loaded in the modulated optical signal to be processed, a decomposition mode matched with the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed can be selected by identifying the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed, the plurality of information in the modulated optical signal to be processed is decomposed into each decomposed optical signal, then each decomposed optical signal is respectively subjected to optical switching processing, the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port are aggregated, and the optical signal switching is completed. Therefore, by applying the optical signal switching scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, optical switching can be performed on optical signals in a high-order modulation format, a plurality of pieces of information loaded in optical signals with one wavelength are respectively switched to a plurality of different channels, and no photoelectric conversion is involved in the signal switching process, so that the flexibility of all-optical switching is improved.

Of course, not all of the advantages described above need to be achieved at the same time in the practice of any one product or method of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other embodiments can be obtained by using the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1a is a schematic flow chart of a first all-optical switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1b is a schematic structural diagram of a signal vector decomposition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1c is a constellation diagram of signal phase compression according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1d is a constellation diagram before and after signal vector decomposition according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1e is a schematic structural diagram of XPM-based signal vector aggregation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1f is a schematic diagram of a constellation diagram of phase change in a signal aggregation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1g is a constellation diagram before and after signal vector aggregation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1h is a schematic structural diagram of a signal vector aggregation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2a is a schematic flow chart of a second all-optical switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2b is a schematic structural diagram of a first all-optical switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a third all-optical switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second all-optical switching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third all-optical switching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments given herein by one of ordinary skill in the art, are within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1a, a schematic flow diagram of a first all-optical switching method is provided, which comprises the following steps S101-S104.

Step S101: the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed is identified.

Specifically, the identification of the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed may be implemented in a plurality of ways, for example, by using a modulation identification algorithm to process the modulated optical signal to be processed, and analyzing a constellation diagram of the modulated optical signal to be processed, the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed may be identified.

Common signal modulation schemes include: a common signal Modulation format corresponding to Multi Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) and Multi Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (MQAM) includes: binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), eight Phase Shift Keying (8 PSK), and the like.

Step S102: and according to the modulation format, carrying out vector decomposition on the modulation optical signal to be processed based on the constellation characteristic and the logic mapping relation of the modulation optical signal to be processed to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals.

Wherein, the constellation characteristic of a signal is: representing the information of the constellation point distribution in the constellation diagram containing the constellation point corresponding to the signal, wherein the logical mapping relation is as follows: a mapping relationship between each bit in an optical signal of a modulation format and each path of decomposed optical signals.

Because the same vector decomposition method or different vector decomposition methods can be adopted for different modulated optical signals to be processed, and the decomposition method for decomposing the vector of the same modulated optical signal to be processed into two paths of decomposed optical signals and the decomposition method for decomposing the vector of the same modulated optical signal to be processed into three paths of decomposed optical signals are different, a proper decomposition method needs to be selected for vector decomposition of the modulated optical signal to be processed according to the identified modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed.

In the constellation diagram, each constellation point represents a group of information mappings, and the process of vector decomposition is performed on the modulated optical signal to be processed, namely the process of decomposition is performed on the constellation point in the constellation diagram. When decomposing a constellation point, a reference axis for decomposing the constellation point in the constellation diagram needs to be determined according to information about constellation point distribution in the constellation diagram of a modulated optical signal to be processed, the information about constellation point distribution in the constellation diagram of the modulated optical signal to be processed is different, the determined reference axes are also different, and one reference axis corresponds to one path of decomposed optical signal, for example, when one path of QPSK signal is decomposed into two paths of BPSK signals, the reference axes in the constellation diagram are an I axis and a Q axis.

The logical mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between each bit in the optical signal of a modulation format and each decomposed optical signal, and in a constellation diagram, that is, a corresponding relationship between a constellation point of the optical signal of the modulation format and each decomposed constellation point is represented.

As can be understood by those skilled in the art, MPSK modulation is a modulation mode in which information is represented by using a plurality of different phase states of a carrier, and MQAM modulation is a modulation mode in which amplitude modulation is performed on two orthogonal carriers, so that for modulated optical signals to be processed in the two modulation formats, vector decomposition may be performed on the modulated optical signals to be processed according to a logical mapping relationship of the modulated optical signals to be processed, and modulated optical signals to be processed in other modulation formats may also be vector decomposed by using corresponding constellation characteristics.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset number may be 2, and the two paths of decomposed optical signals are obtained by performing vector decomposition on the modulated optical signals to be processed in a phase orthogonal decomposition manner.

For example, referring to fig. 1b, there is provided a schematic structural diagram of a signal vector decomposition apparatus, in the process of decomposing one QPSK signal into two BPSK signals by using the apparatus shown in the figure, the signals at points a1 and a2 are represented as:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and

respectively representing sig signal (i.e., QPSK signal), pump signal P1 and pump signal P2, A_s、A_p1、A_p2Respectively representing the amplitude of the sig signal, pump signal P1 and pump signal P2,

which represent the initial phases of the sig signal, pump signal P1 and pump signal P2, respectively. After passing through coupler cp11, the signals at points B1 and B2 are represented as:

after the signal undergoes four-wave mixing in the high non-fiber HNLF, the signals at points C1 and C2 are represented as:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

representing the amplitude gain produced during four-wave mixing,

representing idler light, A, produced by four-wave mixing_iWhich represents the amplitude of the idler light,

representing the phase of the idler, the signals at the points where these signals again pass through couplers cp11, D1, and D2 are represented as:

finally, the signal phase is represented as BPF through a filter and a coupler cp12

And

representing the carrier phase and the signal phase, respectively, the output signals at points E1 and E2 are represented as:

where m is the power ratio between the QPSK signal and the pump signal, and assuming θ is 3 pi/2 ± 2 pi and m is 1, the output signals at points E1 and E2 can be transformed into:

from the above formula, it can be found that the output signals at points E1 and E2 represent the I path signal and Q path signal of the original signal, respectively, that is, the vector decomposition from QPSK signal to two BPSK signals is completed.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset number may be 3, and the modulated optical signals to be processed are subjected to signal conversion in a phase compression manner to obtain first optical signals in a preset modulation format; obtaining second harmonic generated in the phase compression process of the modulation optical signal to be processed; converting the second harmonic into a second optical signal with the same modulation format as the first optical signal; and performing phase quadrature decomposition on the first optical signal and the second optical signal to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals.

For example, in the process of decomposing one path of 8PSK signal into three paths of BPSK signals, the 8PSK signal is converted into a QPSK signal, the second harmonic generated in the conversion process is extracted, the second harmonic is converted into another path of QPSK signal, and then the two paths of QPSK signals are subjected to phase quadrature decomposition respectively to obtain three paths of BPSK signals.

Specifically, in the vector decomposition process, a path of 8PSK signal with a center frequency of 193.1THz and a path of pump signal P1 with a center frequency of 193.05THz are simultaneously input into a 540m high-frequency non-optical fiber, cascade four-wave mixing is performed to generate a third harmonic with a center frequency of 193.15THz, a pump signal P2 injection-locked at a frequency of 193.25THz is adopted to generate non-degenerate four-wave mixing with the pump signal P1 and the third harmonic to generate a negative third harmonic, and the negative third harmonic is coherently superposed with the 8PSK signal according to the following formula to obtain a QPSK signal:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and

respectively representing the phases of the 8PSK signal and the negative third harmonic, m representing the amplitude ratio of the negative third harmonic to the 8PSK signal, E_sRepresenting the signal after coherent addition. Thereby achieving conversion of the 8PSK signal to a QPSK signal.

Referring to fig. 1c, which shows a constellation conversion diagram of signal phase compression, it can be seen that constellation points representing "000" and "001" are compressed to a constellation point representing "00", constellation points representing "010" and "011" are compressed to a constellation point representing "01", constellation points representing "110" and "11" are compressed to a constellation point representing "11", and constellation points representing "101" and "100" are compressed to a constellation point representing "10".

The second harmonic generated in the cascade four-wave mixing process is obtained, the second harmonic is converted into a path of QPSK signal, the center frequency of the QPSK signal is 193.15THz, and the logical model and the phase relation between the signal and the converted signal are shown in the following table 1.

TABLE 1

Then, the signal vector decomposition device shown in fig. 1b can be used to perform phase quadrature decomposition on the two QPSK signals, each QPSK signal can decompose two sub-signals, i.e., an in-phase component (I-path signal) and an orthogonal component (Q-path signal) of the original signal, two sub-signals obtained by performing phase quadrature decomposition on the QPSK signal obtained by 8PSK signal conversion are selected as two BPSK signals, an I-path signal obtained by performing phase quadrature decomposition on the QPSK signal obtained by second harmonic conversion is extracted, the I-path signal is converted into one BPSK signal, and a vector decomposition process from one 8PSK signal to three BPSK signals is completed.

Referring to fig. 1d, a constellation diagram before and after vector decomposition of a signal is shown, and it can be seen from the figure that the 8PSK signal before vector decomposition contains a small amount of gaussian noise, and after vector decomposition into three BPSK signals, the phase noise is significantly compressed. In fig. 1d, the first constellation diagram on the left side is the constellation diagram of the 8PSK signal before vector decomposition, and the remaining three constellation diagrams are the constellation diagrams of the three BPSK signals obtained after vector decomposition.

Step S103: and performing optical switching processing on each of the decomposed optical signals according to the output path of each of the decomposed optical signals recorded in the routing table, and switching each of the decomposed optical signals to the output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path.

As can be seen from step S102, the modulated optical signal to be processed is vector-decomposed into a predetermined number of decomposed optical signals, and the information contained in the modulated optical signal to be processed is also decomposed into each decomposed optical signal, and since different information may need to be transmitted to different positions, the decomposed optical signal loaded with information needs to be transmitted in a designated channel.

Since the output paths of the respective split optical signals, that is, the transmission channels after the respective split optical signals are switched, are recorded in the routing table, and there is often a correspondence relationship between the channels for signal transmission and the output ports in the communication apparatus, it is possible to perform optical switching processing on the respective split optical signals according to the output paths of the respective split optical signals recorded in the routing table, and to switch the respective split optical signals to the output ports of the communication apparatus corresponding to the channels designated by the corresponding output paths.

The implementation mode of respectively carrying out optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal can be realized by installing a plurality of refractors in a switching module of the communication equipment by utilizing the principles of reflection and refraction of light, adjusting the angles of the refractors according to output paths recorded in a routing table and switching each decomposed optical signal to a specified channel; the switching of the decomposed optical signals may also be achieved by establishing connections between the channels.

The routing table may be a spreadsheet or file stored in the communication device, or a database of the communication device.

Step S104: and aggregating the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port into one path of optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signal.

Because the decomposed optical signals after being exchanged still need to be transmitted in the optical fiber, if the demultiplexed optical signals need to be output from the same output port, the optical signal transmission efficiency in the optical fiber is not high, and in order to solve the problem, the decomposed optical signals exchanged to the same output port need to be vector-aggregated into one optical signal, so that the optical signal transmission efficiency is improved.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the split optical signals switched to the same output port include a split optical signal.

In this case, the optical signal after vector aggregation is the decomposed optical signal.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the split optical signals switched to the same output port include two split optical signals.

In this case, the two decomposed optical signal vectors can be aggregated into one optical signal in a signal coherent superposition manner.

For example, two BPSK signals with a center frequency of 193.1THz are input into a multiplexer, and are coherently superimposed to form one QPSK signal.

Or converting one path of decomposed optical signal into a third optical signal in a preset signal form, and performing vector aggregation on the third optical signal and the other path of decomposed optical signal in a phase modulation manner to obtain one path of aggregated optical signal.

For example, in the process of vector aggregation of two decomposed optical signals with center frequencies of 193.4THz and 193.375THz, the two signals are converted into one BPSK signal and one intensity signal, the two converted signals are sequentially amplified and bit-aligned, the power of the BPSK signal is adjusted to 31mW, the power of the intensity signal is adjusted to 27mW, the two optical signals are simultaneously input into a high non-optical fiber with a length of 500m, so that the BPSK signal generates nonlinear phase shift with a phase difference of pi/4, and thus one QPSK signal is obtained.

The intensity signal is an optical signal with a fixed phase and representing information by using illumination intensity, such as an OOK signal.

Referring to fig. 1e, a schematic diagram of a signal vector aggregation based on XPM is shown, as can be seen from fig. 1e, in a process of aggregating one channel of BPSK signal and one channel of OOK signal into a QPSK signal, at a transmitter, two channels of signals with frequencies of 193.1THz and 193.05THz are respectively modulated into a BPSK signal and an OOK signal through a PM modulator and an AM modulator, power and time delay of the BPSK signal need to be controlled through an optical fiber amplifier EDFA and an adjustable delay line TDL, a polarization state of the OOK signal is controlled through a polarization controller PC to achieve an optimal aggregation effect, then the modulated BPSK signal and the regulated OOK signal are input into a high-non-optical fiber together to generate non-linear phase shift, and finally, a signal output from the high-non-optical fiber passes through a filter to perform a filtering operation, so as to obtain one channel of QPSK signal.

Referring to fig. 1f, a constellation diagram of phase change in a signal aggregation process is shown, and as can be seen from fig. 1f, in a process of aggregating one BPSK signal and one OOK signal into a QPSK signal, a BPSK signal is introduced

Is converged into a QPSK signal, denoted as

Phase is

Wherein A is_QPSKRepresenting the amplitude, A, of a QPSK signal_BPSKRepresenting the amplitude of the BPSK signal and,

which represents the phase of the QPSK signal,

representing the phase of the BPSK signal.

Referring to fig. 1g, a constellation diagram before and after signal vector aggregation is shown, where the left constellation diagram is a constellation diagram of an OOK signal, the middle constellation diagram is a constellation diagram of a BPSK signal, and the right constellation diagram is a constellation diagram of a QPSK signal obtained after aggregation, and it can be seen from fig. 1e that one path of BPSK signal and one path of intensity signal can be converted into one path of QPSK signal in a phase modulation manner.

In one embodiment of the invention, the split optical signals switched to the same output port comprise three split optical signals.

In this case, the two paths of decomposed optical signals are superimposed into an intermediate optical signal in a preset modulation format in a signal coherent superposition mode; converting the third split optical signal into a fourth optical signal in a preset signal form; and carrying out vector aggregation on the intermediate optical signal and the fourth optical signal in a phase modulation mode to obtain a path of aggregated optical signal.

Referring to fig. 1h, a schematic structural diagram of a signal vector aggregation apparatus is shown, and it can be seen from this figure that, in the process of aggregating three BPSK signal vectors into one 8PSK signal, two BPSK signals are first input into a multiplexer, and coherently superimposed into one QPSK signal. Inputting a third path of BPSK signal into a delay interferometer DI, converting the third path of BPSK signal into a path of intensity signal, simultaneously inputting the QPSK signal and the intensity signal into a 500m high non-optical fiber HNLF to generate cross-phase modulation (XPM) effect, and generating cross-phase modulation (XPM) according to the result

(wherein

Representing the resulting phase difference, gamma representing a non-linear coefficient, L_effRepresenting the effective interaction length of the nonlinear effect, and P representing the power of the pump signal), so that the QPSK signal generates a nonlinear phase shift with a phase difference of pi/4, and is aggregated into a path of 8PSK signal.

As can be seen from the above, in the scheme provided in this embodiment, the modulation format of the optical signal to be processed may be identified, according to the modulation format, vector decomposition is performed on the optical signal to be processed based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relationship of the modulated optical signal to be processed to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals, and according to the output paths of the decomposed optical signals recorded in the routing table, optical switching processing is performed on each decomposed optical signal, each decomposed optical signal is switched to the output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path, and according to the constellation characteristic of the decomposed optical signals, the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port are aggregated into one path of optical signals, thereby completing the optical signal switching. Because a plurality of information may be loaded in the modulated optical signal to be processed, a decomposition mode matched with the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed can be selected by identifying the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed, the plurality of information in the modulated optical signal to be processed is decomposed into each decomposed optical signal, then each decomposed optical signal is respectively subjected to optical switching processing, the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port are aggregated, and the optical signal switching is completed. The optical signal switching method provided in this embodiment can perform optical switching on an optical signal in a high-order modulation format, respectively switch a plurality of pieces of information loaded in an optical signal with one wavelength to a plurality of different channels, and does not involve any photoelectric conversion in the signal switching process, thereby improving the flexibility of all-optical switching.

In an implementation manner, the all-optical switching scheme provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 may be implemented based on any one of three switching methods, i.e., a time division switching method, a space division switching method, and a wavelength division switching method.

It should be noted that, in the process of implementing the scheme based on any one of the three switching methods, i.e., the time-division switching method, the space-division switching method, and the wavelength-division switching method, the wavelength characteristics of the optical signals are used to perform all-optical switching on a preset number of modulated optical signals to be processed.

In this case, the process of performing vector decomposition on the modulated optical signals to be processed may be regarded as performing branch processing on a first preset number of modulated optical signals to be processed that are transmitted in the same channel, so that the first preset number of modulated optical signals to be processed are transmitted in the first preset number of sub-channels, respectively, and the modulated optical signals to be processed that are transmitted in one sub-channel are regarded as one-path decomposed optical signals.

The process of performing vector aggregation on the decomposed optical signals exchanged to the same output port may be regarded as combining a second preset number of to-be-processed modulated optical signals, so that the second preset number of to-be-processed modulated optical signals are transmitted in the same channel.

The first preset number may be 3 or 4, and is not limited herein.

The second preset number may be 3 or 4, and is not limited herein.

It can be seen that the all-optical switching scheme provided by the present invention can be implemented based on any one of the three switching methods, i.e., the time division switching method, the space division switching method, and the wavelength division switching method, and can also be implemented according to the optical modulation switching method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 1. Therefore, the all-optical switching method provided by the invention can realize all-optical switching in the time domain, the space domain and the frequency domain, can realize all-optical switching aiming at the modulation format of the optical signals, and improves the flexibility of all-optical switching.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2a, a flowchart of a second all-optical switching method is provided, and compared with the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the step S103 performs optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal according to the output path of each decomposed optical signal recorded in the routing table, and switches each decomposed optical signal to the output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path, including the following steps S103A-S103B:

step S103A: and adjusting the output paths of the decomposed optical signals recorded in the routing table according to the signal exchange requirements aiming at the modulated optical signals to be processed.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the same type of signal can be transmitted in the same channel, and the information loaded by the same type of signal can be different, and due to the diversity of information interaction nowadays, the requirement for signal exchange will also change according to the requirements of different time instants, for example, at a certain time instant, the signal needs to be exchanged from the original channel to a designated channel, whereas at the next time instant, the signal transmitted in the original channel may need to be exchanged to another channel.

In view of the above, when performing optical switching processing on each of the decomposed optical signals according to the output paths of each of the decomposed optical signals recorded in the routing table, it is necessary to adjust the output paths of each of the decomposed optical signals recorded in the routing table in accordance with the signal switching requirement of the modulated optical signal to be processed.

In one case, the handshake requirement may be for the modulated optical signals to be processed at different information loadings.

For example, there is a path of modulated optical signals to be processed, the modulated optical signals to be processed are a path of QPSK signals carrying two bits of information, two paths of decomposed optical signals are obtained after vector decomposition, each path of decomposed optical signals carries one bit of information, the obtained two paths of decomposed optical signals can be switched to a first channel and a second channel according to an output path recorded by an original routing table, the two paths of decomposed optical signals need to be switched to a third channel and a fourth channel respectively according to a difference of information loaded in the two paths of decomposed optical signals, and at this time, output paths corresponding to the two paths of decomposed optical signals in the routing table need to be adjusted.

Similarly, in another case, the signal exchange requirement may be for the modulated optical signals to be processed at different time instants.

Step S103B: and performing optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal according to the adjusted output path, and switching each decomposed optical signal to an output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path.

As in step S103, the routing table after output path adjustment meets the signal switching requirement of the modulated optical signal to be processed, so that each decomposed optical signal after vector decomposition can be switched to the output port of the communication device corresponding to the correct channel.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2b, a schematic structural diagram of a first all-optical switching apparatus is provided, in this embodiment, a high-order modulated optical signal is subjected to a vector optical signal decomposition process to obtain multiple low-order modulated optical signals, the obtained multiple low-order modulated optical signals are input into an optical switching matrix, a control unit controls an optical signal switching process in the optical switching matrix, the low-order modulated optical signals are subjected to an optical signal switching process in the optical switching matrix, the switched low-order modulated optical signals are output from an output end of the optical switching matrix, and the low-order modulated optical signals output from the same output port are subjected to vector optical signal aggregation to obtain aggregated high-order modulated optical signals. The optical switching matrix is an output path determined according to the routing table and used for representing the optical signal switching.

As can be seen from the above, in the solution provided in this embodiment, in consideration of the signal switching requirement of the modulated optical signal to be processed, the output path of each decomposed optical signal recorded in the router is adjusted, so that the channel to be switched for decomposing the optical signal is changed, and the information contained in the modulated optical signal to be processed can be output from different output ports of the communication device according to the switching requirement. And because the process of signal exchange is controllable, the communication equipment is used as an exchange node in the optical communication network, so that different exchanges of multiple paths of signals can be realized without arranging a plurality of exchange nodes, resources are saved, and the flexibility of signal exchange is improved.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, a flow chart schematic diagram of a third all-optical switching method is provided, and compared with the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the foregoing step aggregates the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port into one optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signals, including the following steps S104A-S104B:

step S104A: and performing signal synchronization processing on the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port.

Because the decomposed optical signals exchanged to the same output port are often decomposed by different vectors of the modulated optical signals to be processed, different modulated optical signals to be processed may have time deviation, and some of the modulated optical signals to be processed are decomposed and exchanged first and some of the modulated optical signals to be processed are decomposed and exchanged later, so that time deviation is generated between the decomposed optical signals exchanged to the same output port. In addition, in the process of optical switching, the lengths of channels through which the respective decomposed optical signals pass may be different, resulting in a phase deviation of the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port.

In view of the above, the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port can be kept synchronized in time by performing delay control processing on the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port; or the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port may be input to a signal synchronizer, and vector aggregation processing may be performed on the decomposed optical signals after synchronization processing by the signal synchronizer.

Step S104B: and carrying out vector aggregation on the synchronized decomposed optical signals according to the constellation characteristics of the synchronized decomposed optical signals to obtain aggregated optical signals.

Specifically, the constellation characteristic of the decomposed optical signal may be phase, amplitude, or the like.

When the synchronized decomposed optical signals are vector-aggregated by using the phase characteristics of the decomposed optical signals, a signal phase modulation method or a signal coherent superposition method may be used.

When three paths of decomposed optical signals are subjected to vector polymerization, a signal coherent superposition and phase modulation mode can be adopted.

As can be seen from the above, in the solution provided in this embodiment, before performing vector aggregation on the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port, signal synchronization processing is performed on the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port, and then vector aggregation is performed on the synchronized decomposed optical signals. If the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port are not subjected to signal synchronization processing in the vector aggregation process, it can be seen that, because time and phase deviations may exist between the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port, after vector aggregation is performed on each decomposed optical signal, the aggregated optical signal may not be recognized at the receiving end, and thus the purpose of signal switching cannot be achieved. The decomposed optical signals after signal synchronization keep the synchronization on time and phase, and are vector-aggregated into one path of optical signals, so that the stable and reliable transmission of the signals is ensured.

Corresponding to the optical signal switching method, the embodiment of the invention also provides an optical signal switching device.

Referring to fig. 4, there is provided a schematic structural diagram of a second all-optical switching apparatus, which includes:

a modulation format identification module 401, configured to identify a modulation format of a modulated optical signal to be processed;

a vector decomposition module 402, configured to perform vector decomposition on the to-be-processed modulated optical signal according to the modulation format based on the constellation characteristic of the to-be-processed modulated optical signal and a logical mapping relationship, to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals, where the constellation characteristic of one signal is: the representation includes information of constellation point distribution in a constellation diagram of constellation points corresponding to the signal, and the logical mapping relationship is as follows: mapping relation between each bit in the optical signal of the modulation format and each path of decomposed optical signal;

in an embodiment of the present invention, the preset number is 2, and the vector decomposition module is specifically configured to:

In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset number is 3, and the vector decomposition module is specifically configured to:

An optical switching module 403, configured to perform optical switching processing on each decomposed optical signal according to the output path of each decomposed optical signal recorded in the routing table, and switch each decomposed optical signal to an output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path;

the vector aggregation module 404 is configured to aggregate the decomposed optical signal vectors exchanged to the same output port into a single optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port include two decomposed optical signals, and the decomposed optical signals are vector-aggregated according to one of the following manners:

In one embodiment of the present invention, the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port include three decomposed optical signals, and the decomposed optical signals are vector aggregated as follows:

As can be seen from the above, in the scheme provided in this embodiment, the modulation format of the optical signal to be processed may be identified, according to the modulation format, the optical signal to be processed is vector-decomposed according to the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relationship of the modulated optical signal to be processed, so as to obtain a predetermined number of decomposed optical signals, and according to the output paths of the decomposed optical signals recorded in the routing table, the decomposed optical signals are respectively subjected to optical switching processing, and are respectively switched to the output ports of the communication device corresponding to the channels specified by the corresponding output paths, and according to the constellation characteristic of the decomposed optical signals, the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port are aggregated into one optical signal, so as to complete the optical signal switching. Because a plurality of information may be loaded in the modulated optical signal to be processed, a decomposition mode matched with the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed can be selected by identifying the modulation format of the modulated optical signal to be processed, the information in the modulated optical signal to be processed is decomposed into each decomposed optical signal, then each decomposed optical signal is respectively subjected to optical switching processing, the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port are aggregated, and the optical signal switching is completed. The optical signal switching method provided in this embodiment can perform optical switching on an optical signal in a high-order modulation format, fills a gap that the high-order modulation optical signal cannot be switched in the prior art, and does not involve any photoelectric conversion in the signal switching process, thereby improving the flexibility of all-optical switching.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the optical switching module 403 is specifically configured to:

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a third all-optical switching apparatus is provided, and compared with the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the vector aggregation module 404 includes:

a signal synchronization submodule 404A configured to perform signal synchronization processing on the decomposed optical signals switched to the same output port;

the first aggregation sub-module 404B is configured to perform vector aggregation on the synchronized decomposed optical signals according to the constellation characteristics of the synchronized decomposed optical signals, so as to obtain aggregated optical signals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first aggregation sub-module 404B is specifically configured to:

An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 6, including a processor 601, a communication interface 602, a memory 603, and a communication bus 604, where the processor 601, the communication interface 602, and the memory 603 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 604,

a memory 603 for storing a computer program;

the processor 601 is configured to implement the following steps when executing the program stored in the memory 603:

identifying a modulation format of a modulated optical signal to be processed;

according to the modulation format, performing vector decomposition on the modulation optical signal to be processed based on the constellation characteristics of the modulation optical signal to be processed to obtain a preset number of paths of decomposed optical signals, wherein the constellation characteristics of one signal are as follows: the representation includes information of constellation point distribution in a constellation diagram of constellation points corresponding to the signal, and the logical mapping relationship is as follows: mapping relation between each bit in the optical signal of the modulation format and each path of decomposed optical signal;

Besides, the electronic device may also implement other optical signal exchange methods as described in the previous embodiment, and details thereof are not described here.

The communication bus mentioned in the electronic device may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

The communication interface is used for communication between the electronic equipment and other equipment.

The Memory may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one disk Memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor.

The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above optical signal switching methods.

In yet another embodiment, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the optical signal switching methods of the above embodiments.

In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus, the electronic device, the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program product embodiments, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and in relation to them, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An all-optical switching method based on modulation format, characterized in that the method comprises:

identifying a modulation format of a modulated optical signal to be processed;

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the preset number is 2, performing vector decomposition on the to-be-processed modulated optical signal according to the modulation format based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relationship of the to-be-processed modulated optical signal to obtain a preset number of decomposed optical signals includes:

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the preset number is 3, performing vector decomposition on the to-be-processed modulated optical signal according to the modulation format based on the constellation characteristic and the logical mapping relationship of the to-be-processed modulated optical signal to obtain a preset number of decomposed optical signals includes:

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the performing optical switching processing on each of the decomposed optical signals according to the output path of each of the decomposed optical signals recorded in the routing table to switch each of the decomposed optical signals to the output port of the communication device corresponding to the channel specified by the corresponding output path, comprises:

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aggregating the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port into one optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signals comprises:

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aggregating the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port into one optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signals comprises:

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aggregating the decomposed optical signal vectors switched to the same output port into one optical signal according to the constellation characteristics of the decomposed optical signals comprises:

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the vector-aggregating the synchronized decomposed optical signals according to the constellation characteristics of the synchronized decomposed optical signals to obtain an aggregated optical signal comprises:

9. An all-optical switching device based on modulation formats, the device comprising:

10. An electronic device is characterized by comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor and the communication interface are used for realizing mutual communication by the memory through the communication bus;

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for implementing the method steps of any of claims 1 to 8 when executing a program stored in the memory.