CN113218332B - Evaluation method for macroscopic texture of sand accumulation asphalt pavement based on rainfall condition - Google Patents
Evaluation method for macroscopic texture of sand accumulation asphalt pavement based on rainfall condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method of macroscopic texture of a sand-accumulating asphalt pavement based on rainfall conditions, which comprises the steps of firstly, manufacturing a sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece; secondly, scouring the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece by adopting different rainfall intensities, and calculating the sand accumulation residual quantity and the anti-skid property of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece under different rainfall intensities; thirdly, respectively collecting the three-dimensional morphology of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after flushing with different rainfall intensities, and preprocessing the three-dimensional morphology to obtain three-dimensional morphology data; and finally, reconstructing a three-dimensional model of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after flushing with different rainfall intensities, and respectively calculating three-dimensional texture parameters and the sand accumulation coverage of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece before and after rainfall. Aiming at the changes of the three-dimensional texture parameters and the sand accumulation coverage of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, the invention provides a quantification method for scouring a polluted road surface and changing the outline characteristics of the road surface by rainfall conditions from the perspective of microscopic texture construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of road surface function research, and particularly relates to an evaluation method of macroscopic texture of a sand accumulation asphalt pavement under rainfall conditions.
Background
The surface texture of asphalt pavement has a great impact on the road skid resistance associated with automotive tire/road interactions. In the practical use process of the asphalt pavement, the road surface texture appearance can gradually decay due to the combined action of traffic load, natural environment and surface pollutants and the unreliability of natural aging and the like of asphalt mixture. Road texture morphology is generally classified into two major categories, macroscopic texture and microscopic texture, wherein macroscopic texture determines the strength of maintaining anti-skid capability in a road pollution state. The measurement of the macroscopic texture of a road surface is generally classified into a contact type and a non-contact type. Contact is generally referred to as determining the depth of road surface construction by the "sanding method" which is applicable to road surfaces in a clean state. The non-contact measurement comprises a digital image processing technology and a three-dimensional laser scanning technology, wherein the digital image mainly determines the road surface construction depth according to different gray values of the road surface corresponding to different contour heights, and when the road surface pollutants have larger difference with the gray values of the road surface, a scientific and reasonable threshold determination method is lacked. In contrast, the laser scanning test has a wider application range, the original elevation data of the road surface texture morphology can be obtained through scanning, and different types of surface texture characterization indexes can be obtained through processing.
At present, researches on texture structures of asphalt pavement are mainly aimed at conventional conditions, the exploration of texture morphology change under the condition that a pollution medium exists on a road surface is lacking, and more recently, the action mechanism of scouring effect of rainfall on road surface pollutants on the evolution of the macroscopic texture structures of the asphalt pavement is seldom researched, the existence of the pollution medium can directly change the surface morphology of the asphalt pavement, and further the anti-skid performance of the pavement is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an evaluation method of macroscopic texture of a sand-accumulation asphalt pavement based on rainfall conditions, and provides a quantification method of scouring of the rainfall conditions on the polluted pavement and change of road surface profile characteristics from the microscopic texture construction angle aiming at the changes of three-dimensional texture parameters and sand-accumulation coverage of the surface of a sand-accumulation asphalt mixture test piece. The method is popular and easy to understand, is convenient to operate, and has the advantages of repeatability, stability and remarkable data difference.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for evaluating macroscopic texture of a sand accumulation asphalt pavement based on rainfall conditions, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing a certain mass of accumulated sand, and uniformly paving the accumulated sand on the surface of an asphalt mixture test piece to obtain the accumulated sand asphalt mixture test piece;
step 3, testing the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time by adopting a friction coefficient tester to obtain the swing value of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time, and evaluating the anti-skid property of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece according to the swing value;
step 4, scanning the surfaces of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test pieces washed by different rainfall intensities by adopting three-dimensional laser detection equipment to obtain three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data of the surfaces of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test pieces washed by different rainfall intensities, and respectively preprocessing the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data to obtain optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data;
and 5, reconstructing the optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data to obtain a three-dimensional model of the sand-accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after different rainfall intensities are washed, and respectively calculating three-dimensional texture parameters and sand-accumulation coverage of the surface of the sand-accumulation asphalt mixture test piece before and after rainfall according to the optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data.
Further, in the step 2, the sand-water mixed solution washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time is collected, specifically: and placing the sand settling barrel at the bottom of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, and enabling the sand-water mixed solution washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time to flow into the sand settling barrel to obtain the sand-water mixed solution washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time.
Further, in the step 2, the calculation formula of the sand accumulation residual quantity is as follows:
M 3 ＝M 1 -M 2
wherein M is 1 The unit of the sand accumulation mass is g; m is M 2 The unit of the sand accumulation loss is g; m is M 3 The unit is g;
further, in the step 3, the anti-slip performance of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is evaluated according to the swing value, specifically: the swing value is the macroscopic expression of the effective friction coefficient of the asphalt pavement microprotrusion body, and the anti-skid performance of the asphalt pavement can be obtained according to the magnitude of the swing value.
Further, in step 4, the specific process of respectively preprocessing the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after the flushing of different rainfall intensities is as follows: and respectively rotating and translating the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data on the surface of the sand-accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after being washed by different rainfall intensities by utilizing an object mover-resetting orientation model command in the geomic Studio software, enabling the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data to coincide with a coordinate system in the object mover-resetting orientation model in the geomic Studio software, and converting the coordinate system into a geodetic coordinate system to obtain the optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data.
Further, in step 5, the specific process of reconstructing the optimized three-dimensional laser high Cheng Dian cloud data is as follows: and scanning the three-dimensional morphology data line by using a textscan command in MATLAB software, establishing three matrixes which are respectively stored as an x-axis coordinate value, a y-axis coordinate value and a z-axis coordinate value, giving the number of plane grids, the maximum value of the x-axis and the maximum value of the y-axis, and drawing a three-dimensional image to obtain a three-dimensional model of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece after flushing with different rainfall intensities.
Further, in step 5, the three-dimensional texture parameter includes a height parameter S a Root mean square deviation S of contour q Symmetric parameter S of height distribution sk And steepness S ku The height parameter S a And the root mean square deviation S of the contour q The amplitude information is used for representing the surface profile of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece respectively; the height distribution symmetry parameter S sk And the steepness S ku The calculation formulas of the symmetrical information are respectively shown as follows:
wherein A is a three-dimensional laser scanning area, (x, y) is the position of the identification point, and z (x, y) is the road surface height corresponding to the identification point.
Further, in step 5, the sand accumulation coverage of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece before and after rainfall is C surface Representing, the C surface The method is used for representing the surface morphology effect of rainfall on the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein z is 0max (x, y) is the maximum value of the height of the sand-free road surface, z 0 (x, y) is the height of any point of the sand-free road surface, z' max (x, y) is the maximum value of the road surface height under the condition of certain sand accumulation; a is a constant, when z' max (x,y)＞z 0 (x, y), a=1; when z' max (x,y)＜z 0 (x, y), a=0.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the three-dimensional morphology of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is obtained by flushing the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece with different rainfall intensities, the three-dimensional morphology data is obtained by preprocessing the three-dimensional morphology of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after flushing with different rainfall intensities, a three-dimensional model of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is reconstructed by an MATLAB software, and a quantification method for flushing a polluted pavement and changing road surface profile features by rainfall conditions is proposed from a microscopic texture construction angle aiming at the changes of three-dimensional texture parameters and sand accumulation coverage of the surface of the asphalt mixture test piece; in addition, the invention also adopts and provides the surface area sand coverage index, which lays a foundation for systematically researching the change of the morphology features of the sand accumulation pavement under the rainfall condition.
(2) The method has important significance for researching the influence mechanism of rainfall on the texture characteristics of the polluted asphalt pavement through the calculation of the three-dimensional texture parameters, is helpful for guiding the design of the macroscopic structure of the asphalt pavement, is popular and easy to understand, is convenient to operate, and has the advantages of repeatability, stability and remarkable data difference.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of coordinate transformation preprocessing by using Geomagic Studio software according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a road surface reconstructed by using MATLAB software according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of rainfall intensity of asphalt mixture versus road surface sand coverage provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The test methods in the following examples, in which specific conditions are not noted, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for evaluating macroscopic texture of a sand accumulation asphalt pavement based on rainfall conditions, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing a certain mass of accumulated sand, and uniformly paving the accumulated sand on the surface of an asphalt mixture test piece to obtain the accumulated sand asphalt mixture test piece;
specifically, the grading type of the asphalt mixture test piece is AC-13, the size is 30cm x 5cm, the mass of the accumulated sand is 45g,90g and 135g respectively, wherein 45g of the accumulated sand is uniformly paved on the surface of the asphalt mixture test piece, and the accumulated sand coverage density of the surface of the asphalt mixture test piece is 0.5kg/m 2 The method is that; uniformly paving 90g of accumulated sand on the surface of the asphalt mixture test piece, wherein the accumulated sand coverage density of the surface of the asphalt mixture test piece is 1.0kg/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Uniformly paving 135g of accumulated sand on the surface of an asphalt mixture test piece, wherein the accumulated sand coverage density of the surface of the asphalt mixture test piece is 1.5kg/m 2 ；
In a specific experimental process, uniformly paving the sand accumulation with different mass on the surface of an asphalt mixture test piece by using a brush to obtain the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece;
according to the embodiment of the invention, the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is washed by adopting rainfall intensities of 5mm/24h, 18mm/24h, 38mm/24h and 75mm/24h respectively, and washing is carried out for 1h under each rainfall intensity;
the sand-water mixed liquid after flushing with different rainfall intensities at the same time is collected, and specifically comprises the following components: placing a sand settling barrel at the bottom of a sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, and flowing the sand-water mixed solution washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time into the sand settling barrel to obtain the sand-water mixed solution washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time;
further, the calculation formula of the sand accumulation residual quantity is as follows:
M 3 ＝M 1 -M 2
wherein M is 1 The unit of the sand accumulation mass is g; m is M 2 The unit of the sand accumulation loss is g; m is M 3 The unit is g;
step 3, testing the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time by adopting a friction coefficient tester to obtain the swing value of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time, and evaluating the anti-skid property of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece according to the swing value;
specifically, the method adopts the English pendulum type friction coefficient tester to test the surface of the asphalt mixture test piece with rainfall intensities of 5mm/24h, 18mm/24h, 38mm/24h and 75mm/24h after flushing, the test is repeated for 5 times under each rainfall intensity, the average value of the 5 times is a pendulum value, the pendulum value is the macroscopic expression of the effective friction coefficient of the asphalt pavement microprotrusion body, and the anti-skid performance of the asphalt pavement can be obtained according to the magnitude of the pendulum value;
step 4, scanning the surfaces of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test pieces washed by different rainfall intensities by adopting three-dimensional laser detection equipment to obtain three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data of the surfaces of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test pieces washed by different rainfall intensities, and respectively preprocessing the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data to obtain optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data;
in the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional laser detection equipment is a Freescan X7 type laser scanner, the scanning speed 480.000 (times/second) of the three-dimensional laser detection equipment is 0.050mm, and the precision is 0.030mm;
the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data refers to: n rows and 6 columns of matrix consisting of more than 300 ten thousand Gao Chengdian clouds; wherein, the first three columns respectively represent an x-axis, a y-axis and a z-axis in a three-dimensional coordinate system, and the last three columns represent laser intensity;
the specific process for respectively preprocessing the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after different rainfall intensities are washed comprises the following steps: the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after being washed out with different rainfall intensities are respectively rotated and translated by utilizing an object mover-resetting orientation model command in the geomic Studio software, so that the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data is overlapped with a coordinate system in the object mover-resetting orientation model in the geomic Studio software, and the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data after optimization is obtained by converting the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data into a geodetic coordinate system;
the pretreatment results are specifically shown in fig. 2, and as can be seen from fig. 2: the color of the model depends on the roughness of the pavement texture, and the color depth represents the height of the micro-convex body forming the pavement;
the specific process for reconstructing the optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data comprises the following steps: scanning three-dimensional morphology data line by using a textscan command in MATLAB software, establishing three matrixes which are respectively stored as an x-axis coordinate value, a y-axis coordinate value and a z-axis coordinate value, giving the number of plane grids, the maximum value of the x-axis and the maximum value of the y-axis, and drawing a three-dimensional image to obtain a three-dimensional model of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece after flushing with different rainfall intensities;
as can be seen from fig. 1, due to the accuracy limitation of the laser scanner, the three-dimensional texture data has some "holes", and the blank pixels need to be filled before the three-dimensional model is reconstructed in step 5;
in step 5, the three-dimensional texture parameters include a height parameter S a Root mean square deviation S of contour q Symmetric parameter S of height distribution sk And steepness S ku Height parameter S a And profile root mean square deviation S q The amplitude information is used for representing the surface profile of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece respectively; height distribution symmetry parameter S sk And steepness S ku The calculation formulas of the symmetrical information used for representing the surface profile of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece are respectively as follows:
wherein A is a three-dimensional laser scanning area, (x, y) is the position of the identification point, and z (x, y) is the road surface height corresponding to the identification point.
In step 5, C is used for sand accumulation coverage of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece before and after rainfall surface Representation, C surface The method is used for representing the surface morphology effect of rainfall on the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein z is 0max (x, y) is the maximum value of the height of the sand-free road surface, z 0 (x, y) is the height of any point of the sand-free road surface, z' max (x, y) is the maximum value of the road surface height under the condition of certain sand accumulation; a is a constant, when z' max (x,y)＞z 0 (x, y), a=1; when z' max (x,y)＜z 0 (x, y), a=0;
in addition, the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: and shooting the surface images of the washed asphalt mixture test piece with rainfall intensities of 5mm/24h, 18mm/24h, 38mm/24h and 75mm/24h respectively by using a camera under the same sand accumulation coverage density, wherein the situation of the surface of the washed asphalt mixture test piece can be observed by naked eyes by the images shot by roots, the camera is arranged at a position 30cm above the surface of the washed sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece in the shooting process, the camera is a Canon 6D Mark II camera, the effective pixels 2620 are tens of thousands, and the resolution is 6240 x 4160.
The test results are as follows:
table 1 is that under the same sand accumulation density, the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is washed by adopting different rainfall intensities, so as to obtain the washing degree and the swing value of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece; under the same rainfall intensity, the sand accumulation density of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is changed, and the scouring degree and the swing value of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece are obtained, wherein the specific results are as follows:
TABLE 1 scouring degree and anti-slip property of surface of sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece under different conditions
As can be seen from table 1, when the sand accumulation densities of the surfaces of the sand accumulation Sha Liqing mixed material test pieces are the same, the residual sand amount of the road sign on the surfaces of the sand accumulation asphalt mixed material test pieces is reduced along with the increase of the rainfall intensity, which indicates that the higher the rainfall intensity is, the stronger the scouring degree of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixed material test pieces is; when the sand accumulation density of the surface of the product Sha Liqing mixed material test piece is the same, the swing value is increased along with the increase of rainfall intensity, and as the surface morphology of the asphalt pavement is closely related to the anti-skid performance, the larger the effective friction force provided by the pavement microprotrusions is, the macroscopic appearance is the increase of the swing value, that is, the larger the rainfall intensity is, the larger the effective friction force of the surface of the product sand asphalt mixture test piece is, and the better the anti-skid performance of the surface is;
in addition, when the rainfall intensity is the same, as the sand accumulation density of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is increased, the amount of residual sand on the road surface is more, which indicates that the larger the sand accumulation density of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is, the weaker the scouring capability of the rainfall intensity to the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is under the same rainfall intensity; when the rainfall intensity is the same, the swing value is reduced along with the increase of the sand accumulation density of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, that is, under the same rainfall intensity, the effective friction force of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is reduced along with the increase of the sand accumulation density of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, and the anti-skid performance of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is poor;
table 2 is that under the same sand accumulation density, the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is washed by adopting different rainfall intensities, so that the three-dimensional texture parameters of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece and the sand accumulation coverage before and after the experiment are obtained; under the same rainfall intensity, the sand accumulation density of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece is changed, and the three-dimensional texture parameters of the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece and the sand accumulation coverage before and after the experiment are obtained, wherein the specific results are as follows:
TABLE 2 three-dimensional morphology data of the surface of sand accumulation asphalt mixture test pieces after flushing with different rainfall intensities
As can be seen from Table 2, the evaluation method of the macroscopic texture of the sand-accumulating asphalt pavement under the rainfall condition provided by the invention can describe the influence degree of rainfall erosion on the road surface sand-accumulating coverage from a microscopic angle by using data, and the same sand-accumulating density and the larger rainfall intensity are, and the three-dimensional texture parameters of the pavement after the test are finished: height parameter S a Root mean square deviation S of contour q Symmetric parameter S of height distribution sk And steepness S ku The smaller; as the density of the deposited sand increases, the coverage of the deposited sand surface increases, and the three-dimensional texture parameters of the pavement: height parameter S a Root mean square deviation S of contour q Symmetric parameter S of height distribution sk And steepness S ku And also decreases, indicating that the magnitude of the road surface profile decreases and the surface roughness decreases, and thus the effective friction provided thereby decreases. Specifically, the larger the rainfall intensity is, the better the scouring effect on the polluted road surface is, the less sand is remained on the road surface, and the road surface can fully show the three-dimensional texture morphology. Therefore, the invention has important significance for researching the influence mechanism of rainfall on the texture characteristics of the polluted asphalt pavement and is beneficial to guiding the design of the macrostructure of the asphalt pavement.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in sand coverage of the surface of a sand-packed asphalt mixture test piece after testing at different rainfall intensities compared to the sand coverage of the surface of a sand-packed asphalt mixture test piece before testing;
as can be seen from fig. 3, any sandy condition weakens the macroscopic texture of the road surface compared to before the test. The same sand accumulation density is higher, the rainfall intensity is higher, the scouring effect on the road surface is better, the final sand accumulation coverage is lower, the exposed area of the road surface texture is increased, and the macroscopic appearance is shown as the increase of the friction coefficient.
In summary, the invention scours the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece through different rainfall intensities, collects the three-dimensional morphology of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after scour of different rainfall intensities, pre-processes the three-dimensional morphology data to obtain three-dimensional morphology data, reconstructs the three-dimensional model of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece through MATLAB software, and proposes a quantification method for scour of the polluted pavement and change of road surface profile characteristics by rainfall conditions from the perspective of microscopic texture construction aiming at changes of three-dimensional texture parameters and sand accumulation coverage of the surface of the asphalt mixture test piece; in addition, the invention also adopts and provides the surface area sand coverage index, which lays a foundation for systematically researching the change of the morphology features of the sand accumulation pavement under the rainfall condition; in addition, the method has important significance for researching the influence mechanism of rainfall on the texture characteristics of the polluted asphalt pavement through the calculation of the three-dimensional texture parameters, is helpful for guiding the design of the macrostructure of the asphalt pavement, is popular and easy to understand, is convenient to operate, and has the advantages of repeatability, stability and remarkable data difference.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The method for evaluating the macroscopic texture of the sand accumulation asphalt pavement based on the rainfall condition is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, weighing a certain mass of accumulated sand, and uniformly paving the accumulated sand on the surface of an asphalt mixture test piece to obtain the accumulated sand asphalt mixture test piece;
step 2, flushing the surface of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece by adopting different rainfall intensities, collecting sand-water mixed liquid flushed by different rainfall intensities at the same time, drying and weighing the sand-water mixed liquid flushed by different rainfall intensities at the same time to obtain sand accumulation loss amounts flushed by different rainfall intensities at the same time, and calculating the sand accumulation residual amount according to the sand accumulation loss amounts;
step 3, testing the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time by adopting a friction coefficient tester to obtain the swing value of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time, and evaluating the anti-skid property of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece according to the swing value;
step 4, scanning the surfaces of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test pieces washed by different rainfall intensities by adopting three-dimensional laser detection equipment to obtain three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data of the surfaces of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test pieces washed by different rainfall intensities, and respectively preprocessing the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data to obtain optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data;
and 5, reconstructing the optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data to obtain a three-dimensional model of the sand-accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after different rainfall intensities are washed, and respectively calculating three-dimensional texture parameters and sand-accumulation coverage of the surface of the sand-accumulation asphalt mixture test piece before and after rainfall according to the optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data.
2. The method for evaluating macroscopic texture of a sand-accumulating asphalt pavement based on rainfall conditions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, sand-water mixed liquid after flushing with different rainfall intensities at the same time is collected, specifically: and placing the sand settling barrel at the bottom of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, and enabling the sand-water mixed solution washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time to flow into the sand settling barrel to obtain the sand-water mixed solution washed by different rainfall intensities at the same time.
3. The method for evaluating macroscopic texture of a sand-deposited asphalt pavement based on rainfall condition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the calculation formula of the sand-deposited residual quantity is as follows:
M 3 ＝M 1 -M 2
wherein M is 1 The unit of the sand accumulation mass is g; m is M 2 The unit of the sand accumulation loss is g; m is M 3 The residual sand is expressed in g.
4. The method for evaluating the macroscopic texture of the sand-accumulating asphalt pavement based on the rainfall condition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the anti-skid performance of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece is evaluated according to the swing value, specifically: the swing value is the macroscopic expression of the effective friction coefficient of the asphalt pavement microprotrusion body, and the anti-skid performance of the asphalt pavement can be obtained according to the magnitude of the swing value.
5. The method for evaluating macroscopic texture of a sand-accumulating asphalt pavement based on rainfall conditions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the specific process of respectively preprocessing three-dimensional laser high Cheng Dian cloud data of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece subjected to the scouring of different rainfall intensities is as follows: and respectively rotating and translating the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data on the surface of the sand-accumulation asphalt mixture test piece after being washed by different rainfall intensities by utilizing an object mover-resetting orientation model command in the Geomagic Studio software, enabling the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dianyun data to coincide with a coordinate system in the object mover-resetting orientation model in the Geomagic Studio software, and converting the coordinate system into a geodetic coordinate system to obtain optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data.
6. The method for evaluating the macroscopic texture of the sand accumulation asphalt pavement based on the rainfall condition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the specific process of reconstructing the optimized three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data is as follows: and carrying out progressive scanning on the three-dimensional laser height Cheng Dian cloud data by using a textscan command in MATLAB software, establishing three matrixes which are respectively stored as an x-axis coordinate value, a y-axis coordinate value and a z-axis coordinate value, giving the number of plane grids, the maximum value of the x-axis and the maximum value of the y-axis, drawing a three-dimensional image, and obtaining a three-dimensional model of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece after flushing with different rainfall intensities.
7. The method for evaluating macroscopic texture of a sand-packed asphalt pavement based on rainfall condition according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the three-dimensional texture parameter comprises a height parameter S a Root mean square deviation S of contour q Symmetric parameter S of height distribution sk And steepness S ku The height parameter S a And the root mean square deviation S of the contour q The amplitude information is used for representing the surface profile of the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece respectively; the height distribution symmetry parameter S sk And the steepness S ku The calculation formulas of the symmetrical information are respectively shown as follows:
wherein A is a three-dimensional laser scanning area, (x, y) is the position of the identification point, and z (x, y) is the road surface height corresponding to the identification point.
8. The method for evaluating macroscopic texture of a sand-accumulating asphalt pavement based on rainfall conditions according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, C is used for sand-accumulating coverage of the surface of the sand-accumulating asphalt mixture test piece before and after rainfall surface Representing, the C surface The method is used for representing the surface morphology effect of rainfall on the sand accumulation asphalt mixture test piece, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein z is 0max (x, y) is the maximum value of the height of the sand-free road surface, z 0 (x, y) is the height of any point of the sand-free road surface, z' max (x, y) is the maximum value of the road surface height under the condition of certain sand accumulation; a is a constant, when z' max (x,y)＞z 0 (x, y), a=1; when z' max (x,y)＜z 0 (x, y), a=0.
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