CN113216313A - Hydraulic control system of breaking hammer and excavator - Google Patents
Hydraulic control system of breaking hammer and excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113216313A CN113216313A CN202110715831.7A CN202110715831A CN113216313A CN 113216313 A CN113216313 A CN 113216313A CN 202110715831 A CN202110715831 A CN 202110715831A CN 113216313 A CN113216313 A CN 113216313A
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 301
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/30—Auxiliary apparatus, e.g. for thawing, cracking, blowing-up, or other preparatory treatment of the soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/226—Safety arrangements, e.g. hydraulic driven fans, preventing cavitation, leakage, overheating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
- E02F9/2267—Valves or distributors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a hydraulic control system of a breaking hammer and an excavator. The hydraulic control system of the breaking hammer comprises: the oil inlet path is suitable for being connected with an oil inlet of the breaking hammer; the first oil return way is suitable for being connected with an oil outlet of the breaking hammer; the hydraulic oil radiator is arranged on the first oil return path; and the first energy accumulator and the second energy accumulator are respectively connected with the first oil return circuit, and the preset pressure of the first energy accumulator is greater than the preset pressure of the second energy accumulator. The first energy accumulator and the second energy accumulator respectively absorb pressure pulses with different peak values, so that the pressure of hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic oil radiator is ensured to be stable, the hydraulic oil radiator cannot be impacted, the hydraulic oil radiator is protected, and the hydraulic oil radiator is prevented from being damaged due to hydraulic impact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a hydraulic control system of a breaking hammer and an excavator.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the national requirements on safety and environmental protection of construction environments such as road construction, demolition of dangerous buildings, mining and the like, the use requirements of explosives are more and more strict, the proportion of the breaking hammer on the excavator is larger and larger, and all large host manufacturers release special machines for the breaking hammer, but the breaking working condition of the breaking hammer is larger than that of bucket excavation, the pressure pulse of a hydraulic system is large, the core of the hydraulic radiator is easily broken under the action of pressure impact, the core is cracked and leaked oil, and once the hydraulic radiator is cracked, the whole excavator cannot work, so that the development of a hydraulic control system for protecting the radiator is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a hydraulic control system of a breaking hammer and an excavator, and aims to solve the problem that a hydraulic radiator is easy to crack under the action of pressure impact in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydraulic control system of a breaking hammer, including: the oil inlet path is suitable for being connected with an oil inlet of the breaking hammer; the first oil return way is suitable for being connected with an oil outlet of the breaking hammer; the hydraulic oil radiator is arranged on the first oil return path; and the first energy accumulator and the second energy accumulator are respectively connected with the first oil return circuit, and the preset pressure of the first energy accumulator is greater than the preset pressure of the second energy accumulator.
Optionally, the hydraulic control system further includes a pressure detection component, a controller and a prompter, the pressure detection component is connected with the first oil return path or the hydraulic oil radiator, and the controller is electrically connected with the prompter and the pressure detection component respectively.
Optionally, the hydraulic control system further includes a bypass oil path connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil radiator, and a bypass valve provided on the bypass oil path, the bypass valve having an open state and a closed state, the controller being electrically connected to the bypass valve and controlling a state of the bypass valve according to the pressure detected by the pressure detecting part.
Alternatively, the bypass valve is a proportional throttle valve, and the opening degree of the proportional throttle valve increases with an increase in pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first oil return passage located upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator.
Optionally, the hydraulic control system further comprises a first check valve disposed on the first oil return passage and between the first accumulator and the second accumulator.
Optionally, the hydraulic control system further includes a first switch valve disposed on the first oil return path and located between a junction of the bypass oil path and the first oil return path and the hydraulic oil radiator, the hydraulic control system further includes a circulation pump and an oil tank, an inlet of the circulation pump is communicated with the oil tank, an outlet of the circulation pump is communicated with the first oil return path located at an upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator, and the controller controls states of the circulation pump and the bypass valve according to a state of the first switch valve.
Optionally, the hydraulic control system further includes a cooling pump and a circulation motor, an inlet of the cooling pump is communicated with the oil tank, an outlet of the cooling pump is communicated with an inlet of the circulation motor through an oil supply path, an outlet of the circulation motor is communicated with the oil tank, an output shaft of the circulation motor is connected with an input shaft of the circulation pump, a second switch valve is arranged on the oil supply path, and a state of the first switch valve is opposite to a state of the second switch valve.
Optionally, the hydraulic control system further includes a main pump, a pressure-regulating oil path, a pressure-regulating valve, and a controller, the main pump is connected to the oil inlet path, one end of the pressure-regulating oil path is connected to the oil inlet path, the other end of the pressure-regulating oil path is connected to the first oil return path, the pressure-regulating valve is disposed on the pressure-regulating oil path, a flow detection component is disposed on the pressure-regulating oil path, and the controller is electrically connected to the main pump and the flow detection component, respectively.
Optionally, the hydraulic control system further comprises an oil supplementing way, one end of the oil supplementing way is connected with the oil tank, the other end of the oil supplementing way is connected with the oil inlet way, and a second one-way valve is arranged on the oil supplementing way.
The present invention also provides an excavator, comprising: the hydraulic control system of the breaking hammer.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the first energy accumulator absorbs pressure pulses in the first oil return circuit, the peak value of which is higher than the preset pressure of the first energy accumulator, the second energy accumulator absorbs pressure pulses in the first oil return circuit, the peak value of which is higher than the preset pressure of the second energy accumulator, the first energy accumulator and the second energy accumulator respectively absorb pressure pulses with different peak values, the pressure of hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic oil radiator is ensured to be stable, the hydraulic oil radiator cannot be impacted, the hydraulic oil radiator is protected, and the hydraulic oil radiator is prevented from being damaged due to hydraulic impact.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a hydraulic control system of a breaking hammer of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
11. an oil inlet path; 12. a main pump; 13. a main valve; 14. an oil absorption filter; 15. an oil tank; 16. a first ball valve; 21. a first oil return path; 22. a hydraulic oil radiator; 23. a first accumulator; 24. a second accumulator; 25. a first check valve; 26. a first on-off valve; 27. a first flow sensor; 28. a first oil return filter; 29. a second return oil filter; 31. a second ball valve; 41. a pressure detecting member; 42. a controller; 43. a display screen; 51. a bypass oil path; 52. a proportional throttle valve; 53. a second flow sensor; 61. a circulation pump; 62. a cooling pump; 63. a circulation motor; 64. an oil supply path; 65. a second on-off valve; 71. oil supply; 72. a second one-way valve; 81. a pressure-regulating oil circuit; 82. a pilot type proportional relief valve; 83. a third flow sensor; 90. a breaking hammer; 101. a pilot oil path; 102. a pilot pump; 103. a foot valve; 104. an electromagnetic valve; 110. and a second oil return path.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic control system of the breaking hammer of the present embodiment includes: the hydraulic breaker comprises an oil inlet path 11, a first oil return path 21, a hydraulic oil radiator 22, a first energy accumulator 23 and a second energy accumulator 24, wherein one end of the oil inlet path 11 is suitable for being connected with an oil inlet of the breaking hammer 90; one end of first oil return path 21 is adapted to be connected with an oil outlet of breaking hammer 90; the hydraulic oil radiator 22 is provided on the first oil return passage 21; the first accumulator 23 and the second accumulator 24 are respectively connected to the first oil return path 21, and the preset pressure of the first accumulator 23 is greater than the preset pressure of the second accumulator 24. The joint of the first accumulator 23 and the first oil return passage 21 is closer to the oil outlet of the breaking hammer 90 than the joint of the second accumulator 24 and the first oil return passage 21, and the joint of the second accumulator 24 and the first oil return passage 21 is closer to the oil outlet of the breaking hammer 90 than the hydraulic oil radiator 22.
By applying the hydraulic control system of the embodiment, the first energy accumulator 23 absorbs the pressure pulse of the first oil return path 21, whose peak value is higher than the preset pressure of the first energy accumulator 23, the second energy accumulator 24 absorbs the pressure pulse of the first oil return path 21, whose peak value is higher than the preset pressure of the second energy accumulator 24, and the first energy accumulator 23 and the second energy accumulator 24 respectively absorb the pressure pulses of different peak values, so as to ensure that the pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic oil radiator is stable, and the hydraulic oil radiator is protected from being impacted, thereby avoiding the hydraulic oil radiator from being damaged due to hydraulic impact.
In this embodiment, the preset pressure of the first energy accumulator 23 is greater than the preset pressure of the second energy accumulator 24, taking a 50-ton excavator as an example, the preset pressure of the first energy accumulator 23 is set to 15bar, the preset pressure of the second energy accumulator 24 is set to 7bar, the first energy accumulator 23 absorbs the pressure pulsation with the peak value higher than 15bar, the second energy accumulator 24 absorbs the pressure pulsation with the peak value higher than 7bar, and the two energy accumulators absorb the pressure pulsation with different peak values respectively, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic oil radiator is ensured to be stable, and the hydraulic oil radiator is not impacted. It is understood that the pressure set values of the first accumulator 23 and the second accumulator 24 of the excavator with other tonnages are set according to the oil return pressure of the excavator.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a pressure detecting component 41, a controller 42 and a prompter, the pressure detecting component 41 is connected to the first oil return path or the hydraulic oil radiator 22, the pressure detecting component 41 is configured to detect a pressure of hydraulic oil in the first oil return path 21 located upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator 22 or detect a pressure of hydraulic oil at an oil inlet of the hydraulic oil radiator 22, the controller 42 is electrically connected to the prompter and the pressure detecting component 41, the prompter is configured to prompt an operator, and the controller 42 controls the prompter according to the pressure detected by the pressure detecting component 41. The pressure detecting section 41 can detect in real time the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first oil return passage 21 upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator 22When the pressure detected by the pressure detection part 41 is high, the controller 42 controls the prompter to prompt an operator according to the pressure detected by the pressure detection part 41, and the controller can also control the power of the excavator according to the signal detected by the pressure detection part 41 to protect the hydraulic oil radiator of the excavator and prevent the hydraulic oil radiator from being damaged by pressure impact. Setting different alarm pressures P according to excavators with different tonnages0When the pressure detected by the pressure detecting part 41 exceeds the alarm pressure P0At this time, the controller 42 controls the prompter to prompt the operator. Preferably, the pressure detecting part 41 is a pressure sensor or a pressure detector, etc. Note that upstream means a side close to the oil outlet of the hammer, and downstream means a side close to the oil tank.
In the present embodiment, the prompter includes a display screen 43, and the display screen 43 is used for displaying the pressure detected by the pressure detecting part 41 and prompting the operator. The pressure sensor feeds back the detected pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first oil return path 21 upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator 22 or the pressure of the hydraulic oil at the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil radiator 22 to the controller, and the controller controls the display of the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor on the display screen. For example, if the pressure sensor detects a pressure P in one minute1Exceeding the alarm pressure P0And in the fifth time, the display screen can flash to alarm and prompt an operator that the pressure of the oil inlet of the hydraulic radiator is high, and the breaking hammer is required to be maintained in time. If the display screen has an alarm for 3 consecutive days, the controller can reduce the power of the excavator and reduce the working gear, so that an operator is forced to maintain the breaking hammer, and the situation that the radiator is damaged by pressure impact due to untimely maintenance of the breaking hammer is avoided. Of course, the prompter may also include a warning light or the like.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a bypass oil passage 51 and a bypass valve, the bypass oil passage 51 is connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil radiator 22, the bypass valve is provided on the bypass oil passage 51, the bypass valve has an open state that opens the bypass oil passage 51 and a closed state that closes the bypass oil passage 51, and the controller 42 is electrically connected to the bypass valve and controls a state of the bypass valve in accordance with the pressure detected by the pressure detecting section 41. When the hydraulic oil radiator is blocked, the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is high, the controller controls the bypass valve to conduct the bypass oil path 51, hydraulic oil directly flows back to the oil tank through the bypass oil path 51, and the situation that the inside of the hydraulic oil radiator is damaged due to overhigh pressure caused by blocking is effectively prevented.
In the present embodiment, the bypass valve is a proportional throttle valve 52, and the opening degree of the proportional throttle valve 52 increases with an increase in the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first oil return passage 21 located upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator 22. When the pressure sensor continuously detects that the pressure of the hydraulic oil at the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil radiator 22 is high, in other words, when an alarm phenomenon continuously occurs, the controller increases the opening of the proportional throttle valve, so that more hydraulic oil does not pass through the hydraulic oil radiator but directly flows back to the oil tank through the bypass oil path, the load of the radiator is reduced, and the hydraulic oil radiator is protected. The opening of the proportional throttle valve 52 is adjusted according to the pressure detected by the pressure detection part 41, so that the situation that hydraulic oil directly flows back to the oil tank through a bypass oil path without passing through a hydraulic oil radiator when the pressure is low is prevented, and the heat dissipation effect of return oil is ensured.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a first check valve 25, and the first check valve 25 is provided on the first return passage 21 between the first accumulator 23 and the second accumulator 24. The hydraulic oil in the first oil return path 21 can continue to flow downstream by overcoming the spring force and the friction force of the first check valve 25, and the first check valve 25 plays a role in buffering and protecting a hydraulic oil radiator. Note that the initial back pressure of the proportional throttle valve is slightly larger than the back pressure of the first check valve 25. The proportional throttle valve 52 and the first check valve 25 double protect the hydraulic oil radiator.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a first switch valve 26, the first switch valve 26 is disposed on the first oil return path 21 and located between a connection point of the bypass oil path 51 and the first oil return path 21 and the hydraulic oil radiator 22, the first switch valve 26 has an open state and a closed state, and the hydraulic control system further includes a circulation pump 61 and an oil tank15, an inlet of the circulating pump 61 is communicated with the oil tank 15, an outlet of the circulating pump 61 is communicated with the first oil return path 21 located at the upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator 22, the controller 42 is respectively electrically connected with the first switch valve 26, the circulating pump 61 and the bypass valve, the controller 42 controls the states of the circulating pump 61 and the bypass valve according to the state of the first switch valve 26, specifically, when the first switch valve 26 is in an open state, the circulating pump 61 is stopped, and the bypass valve is in a disconnected state; when the first on-off valve 26 is in the closed state, the circulation pump 61 is started, and the bypass valve is in the open state. In the initial state, the first on-off valve 26 is in the open state, the circulation pump 61 is not operated, and the return oil of the breaking hammer flows back to the oil tank through the hydraulic oil radiator 22. If the pressure sensor detects an abnormally high pressure, the abnormally high pressure is significantly higher than the alarm pressure P0And the frequency of the abnormal high pressure is higher, if the excavator works in the state all the time, the hydraulic oil radiator can be damaged after three days, and a lowest value P of the abnormal high pressure is set firstly2If the pressure sensor detects P5 times in one minute1Exceeds P2When the hydraulic oil is cooled, the controller sends an instruction to control the proportional throttle valve 52 to be opened and be in a fully-opened state, the first switch valve 26 is switched to be in a closed state, the return oil of the breaking hammer directly flows back to the oil tank from the bypass oil path 51 without passing through the hydraulic radiator, the circulating pump 61 is started, the circulating pump 61 pumps the oil in the oil tank back to the hydraulic oil radiator for heat dissipation, the hydraulic oil is subjected to auxiliary heat dissipation, and the temperature of the hydraulic oil in the oil tank is prevented from being too high. If the breaking hammer cannot be maintained in a short period, the heat dissipation mode can be adopted, so that the excavator can still work under extreme conditions (such as abnormal high pressure, failure in timely maintenance of the breaking hammer and the like).
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a cooling pump 62 and a circulation motor 63, an inlet of the cooling pump 62 is communicated with the oil tank 15, an outlet of the cooling pump 62 is communicated with an inlet of the circulation motor 63 through an oil supply passage 64, an outlet of the circulation motor 63 is communicated with the oil tank 15, an output shaft of the circulation motor 63 is connected with an input shaft of the circulation pump 61, the oil supply passage 64 is provided with a second on-off valve 65, the second on-off valve 65 has an open state for turning on the oil supply passage 64 and a closed state for turning off the oil supply passage 64, and the first on-off valve 26Specifically, the controller is electrically connected to the first switching valve 26 and the second switching valve 65, respectively, and when the first switching valve 26 is in the open state, the second switching valve 65 is in the closed state, and when the first switching valve 26 is in the closed state, the second switching valve 65 is in the open state. If the pressure sensor detects P5 times in one minute1Exceeding the alarm pressure P0When the oil is cooled, the controller sends a command to control the proportional throttle valve 52 to be opened and in a fully opened state, the first switch valve 26 is switched to a closed state, the return oil of the breaking hammer directly flows back to the oil tank from the bypass oil path 51 without passing through the hydraulic radiator, the second switch valve is switched to an opened state from the closed state, the cooling pump 62 starts to supply oil to the circulating motor 63, and the circulating motor 63 drives the circulating pump 61 to pump the oil in the oil tank back to the hydraulic radiator for heat dissipation. It should be noted that the cooling pump 62 is connected to the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor is connected to the cooling fan, and the cooling fan rotates to dissipate the heat of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil radiator. And the cooling pump supplies oil for the two motors, so that the number of parts is reduced, and the cost is reduced. As an alternative embodiment, the input shaft of the circulation pump 61 is connected to the output shaft of a motor, the circulation pump 61 is driven to start by the motor, and the motor is connected to a storage battery, and the motor is powered by the storage battery.
In the present embodiment, the first switching valve 26 is a normally open type direction valve. When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is less than or equal to the alarm pressure, the normally open type reversing valve is always in an open state, as long as the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the alarm pressure, the controller controls the normally open type reversing valve to move to change the position, the normally open type reversing valve is switched to a stop position and is in a closed state, and in a normal working state, the normally open type reversing valve does not need to be controlled, the normally open type reversing valve is controlled only when abnormal, and the control is simple. Preferably, the normally open type reversing valve is a normally open type two-position two-way reversing valve.
In the present embodiment, the second switching valve 65 is a normally closed type direction valve. When pressure that pressure sensor detected is less than or equal to alarm pressure, normally closed switching-over valve is in the closed condition always, as long as when pressure that pressure sensor detected is greater than alarm pressure, the action of controller control normally closed switching-over valve replaces, and normally closed switching-over valve switches to the circulation position, and normally closed switching-over valve is in the open mode, under normal operating condition, need not control normally closed switching-over valve, just controls normally closed switching-over valve when unusual, convenient control. Preferably, the normally closed type reversing valve is a normally closed type two-position two-way reversing valve.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes an oil supply passage 71, one end of the oil supply passage 71 is connected to the oil tank 15, the other end of the oil supply passage 71 is connected to the oil inlet passage 11, and the oil supply passage 71 is provided with a second check valve 72 for allowing hydraulic oil to flow from one end of the oil supply passage 71 to the other end thereof. The oil supplementing way 71 and the second one-way valve 72 can ensure that the breaking hammer cannot be sucked empty during high-frequency striking, and protect the breaking hammer.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a first flow sensor 27 and a second flow sensor 53, the first flow sensor 27 is disposed on the first return passage 21 between the first on-off valve 26 and the hydraulic oil radiator 22, the second flow sensor 53 is disposed on the bypass passage 51, the controller 42 is electrically connected to the first flow sensor 27, the second flow sensor 53, and the second on-off valve 65, respectively, and the controller 42 controls the state of the second on-off valve 65 according to the flow rates detected by the second flow sensor 53 and the first flow sensor 27. The arrangement of the first flow sensor 27 and the second flow sensor 53 can detect the flow distribution that directly flows back to the oil tank and flows back to the oil tank through the hydraulic oil radiator, if the flow detected by the second flow sensor 53 is greater than the flow detected by the first flow sensor 27, it indicates that most of the hydraulic oil directly flows back to the oil tank, the controller still issues an instruction to switch the valve position of the second switch valve, so that the cooling pump supplies oil to the circulating motor to drive the circulating pump to perform auxiliary heat dissipation.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a pressure-regulating oil path 81 and a pressure-regulating valve, one end of the pressure-regulating oil path 81 is connected to the oil inlet 11, the other end of the pressure-regulating oil path 81 is connected to the first oil return path 21, the pressure-regulating valve is disposed on the pressure-regulating oil path 81, a flow detection component is disposed on the pressure-regulating oil path 81, the controller 42 is electrically connected to the main pump 12 and the flow detection component, and the controller 42 controls the displacement of the main pump 12 according to the flow detected by the flow detection component. The pressure-regulating valve is used for adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic oil at the oil inlet of the breaking hammer, the pressure-regulating oil circuit 81 is conducted when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the oil inlet circuit reaches preset pressure, and then the purpose of regulating the oil inlet pressure of the breaking hammer can be realized, namely, when the oil inlet pressure of the oil inlet circuit reaches the preset pressure, part of the hydraulic oil directly flows to the first oil return circuit from the oil inlet circuit by conducting the pressure-regulating oil circuit 81, and then the oil inlet pressure of the oil inlet can be ensured to be stabilized at the preset pressure or to be smaller than the preset pressure, the pressure pulsation of the oil inlet of the breaking hammer can be reduced, an effective protection effect is provided for the breaking hammer, and the service life of the breaking hammer equipment can be prolonged. Specifically, the flow detection component is a third flow sensor 83, the third flow sensor 83 is used for detecting the flow of the hydraulic oil in the pressure-regulating oil path 81, and if the flow of the hydraulic oil in the pressure-regulating oil path 81 detected by the third flow sensor 83 exceeds 21% of the rated flow of the pressure-regulating valve, it indicates that a lot of flows flow flows away from the pressure-regulating oil path, and unnecessary energy loss is caused, and at this time, the controller reduces the displacement of the main pump, and reduces the flow of the hydraulic oil in the pressure-regulating oil path 81, so that not only is enough striking force of the breaking hammer ensured, but also excessive energy loss is not caused, and the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the excavator is achieved.
In this embodiment, the pressure regulating valve is a pilot-operated proportional relief valve 82, and if the overflow flow detected by the third flow sensor 83 exceeds 21% of the rated flow of the pilot-operated proportional relief valve 82, it indicates that a lot of flow overflows from the pilot-operated proportional relief valve 82, which causes unnecessary energy loss, and at this time, the controller reduces the displacement of the main pump, so that the overflow flow of the pilot-operated proportional relief valve is reduced to 5% of the rated flow, which ensures that the breaking hammer has sufficient striking force, and does not cause excessive energy loss, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the excavator.
The preset pressure can be adjusted by the pilot type proportional relief valve 82, that is, the user can set the preset pressure of the pilot type proportional relief valve according to actual requirements. The pressure of the oil inlet of the breaking hammer can be directly set on the display screen, the preset pressure of the pilot type proportional overflow valve is directly adjusted through the controller, and then the pressure of the oil inlet of the breaking hammer is adjusted.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a first oil return filter 28, and the first oil return filter 28 is provided on the first oil return passage 21 and upstream of the first accumulator 23. Because the quartering hammer can produce a large amount of dust when carrying out crushing operation, through set up first oil return filter 28 on first oil return way 21, can filter hydraulic oil, reduce the pollutant in the hydraulic oil, avoid among the hydraulic oil impurity too much to cause hydraulic control system's damage.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a second oil return filter 29, and the second oil return filter 29 is provided on the first oil return passage 21 and downstream of the hydraulic oil radiator 22. The second oil return filter 29 is arranged between the hydraulic oil radiator 22 and the oil tank 15, so that the filtering effect on the hydraulic oil is enhanced, and the pollutants in the hydraulic oil can be effectively reduced. Of course, the provision of the second return oil filter 29 may also be eliminated.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a main pump 12 and an oil tank 15, the main pump 12 is connected to the other end of the oil inlet path 11; the oil tank 15 is connected with the main pump 12; the other end of the first oil return passage 21 is connected to the oil tank 15. The main pump 12 is a power source of the hydraulic control system and provides the flow required for striking for the breaking hammer.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a main valve 13 and a second oil return path 110, the oil inlet path 11 includes a first oil inlet path and a second oil inlet path, the main pump 12 is connected to one end of the first oil inlet path, the other end of the first oil inlet path is connected to an oil inlet of the main valve 13, one end of the second oil inlet path is connected to a working oil port of the main valve 13, the other end of the second oil inlet path is connected to an oil inlet of the breaking hammer 90, one end of the second oil return path 110 is connected to an oil return port of the main valve 13, and the other end of the second oil return path 110 is connected to the first oil return path 21. The main valve 13 can connect the first oil inlet path and the second oil inlet path, so that the main pump 12 introduces hydraulic oil to the oil inlet path 11, and introduces the hydraulic oil to the second oil inlet path through the first oil inlet path, and the second oil inlet path introduces the hydraulic oil to the oil inlet of the breaking hammer 90, thereby providing power for the breaking hammer 90 to perform breaking operation. The main valve 13 can also disconnect the first oil supply path and the second oil supply path, so that the hammer is in a stopped state, and the main valve 13 switches the position of the spool thereof, thereby enabling the first oil supply path and the second oil supply path to be connected or disconnected.
It should be noted that, the main valve 13 is used as a control element of the hydraulic control system, the main valve has a left position and a middle position, when the main valve 13 is in the left position, the main valve 13 conducts the first oil inlet path and the second oil inlet path, so that the main pump 12 can lead out hydraulic oil, and lead the hydraulic oil into the breaking hammer 90 through the first oil inlet path and the second oil inlet path, and at this time, the main valve 13 disconnects the first oil inlet path and the first oil return path 21; when the main valve 13 is at the neutral position, the main valve 13 connects the first oil inlet path and the second oil return path 110, and disconnects the first oil inlet path and the second oil inlet path, so that the hydraulic oil guided out by the main pump 12 can be guided into the second oil return path 110 from the first oil inlet path, and guided into the oil tank through the second oil return path 110 to recover the hydraulic oil, at this time, the hammer crusher 90 is not operated, in other words, the main valve is in an unloading state at the neutral position, the hydraulic oil does not pass through the hammer crusher, and the hydraulic oil can be supplied to the hammer only when the main valve is at the left position. It should be understood that the main valve 13 may also include a right position, etc.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes a pilot pump 102, a pilot oil passage 101, and a foot valve 103, the pilot pump 102 is connected to the oil tank 15, one end of the pilot oil passage 101 is connected to the pilot pump 102, the other end of the pilot oil passage 101 is connected to the main valve 13, the foot valve 103 is provided on the pilot oil passage 101, and the foot valve 103 is used to control the operating state of the main valve 13. The pilot pump 102 supplies pilot oil that acts on the end of the spool of the main valve. The foot valve 103 can control the main valve switching position by controlling the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil in the pilot oil passage 101 to control the biasing force of the pilot oil passage 101 acting on the spool of the main valve 13. For example, the foot valve 103 can control the pilot oil passage 101 to be opened or closed, and the valve position of the main valve 13 is switched once when the pilot oil passage 101 is opened once, that is, the valve position of the main valve 13 can be controlled by the number of times the foot valve 103 opens the pilot oil passage 101.
The main pump 12, the cooling pump 62, and the pilot pump 102 are all driven by the engine.
In this embodiment, the pilot oil path 101 is provided with the electromagnetic valve 104, the electromagnetic valve 104 is used for controlling the on/off of the pilot oil path, and the pilot oil path 101 is conducted only when both the foot valve 103 and the electromagnetic valve 104 are in the open state, so as to prevent the danger caused by the misoperation of the foot valve.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic control system further includes an oil suction filter 14, the oil suction filter 14 is connected between the main pump 12 and the oil tank 15, and the oil suction filter 14 can filter hydraulic oil, so that the purity of the hydraulic oil sucked by the pilot pump 102 and the main pump 12 can be improved, and the operation stability of the pilot pump 102 and the main pump 12 is further ensured.
In this embodiment, the oil inlet path 11 is connected with the oil inlet of the breaking hammer through the first ball valve 16, and the first oil return path is connected with the oil outlet of the breaking hammer through the second ball valve 31, so that the breaking hammer can be conveniently mounted and dismounted, the maintenance cost of the breaking hammer can be reduced, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.
The present invention also provides an excavator, comprising: the hydraulic control system of the breaking hammer.
In the embodiment, the excavator includes a breaking hammer 90 and the like, an oil inlet of the breaking hammer 90 is connected with an oil inlet path 11 of the hydraulic control system, and an oil outlet of the breaking hammer 90 is connected with a first oil return path 21 of the hydraulic control system.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
1. the two energy accumulators are arranged on the first oil return path, one energy accumulator is positioned at the upstream of the first one-way valve, the other energy accumulator is positioned at the downstream of the first one-way valve, the two energy accumulators are used for absorbing hydraulic pulsation on the oil return path, the difference is that the preset pressures of the two energy accumulators are different, the preset pressure of the upstream energy accumulator is higher than the preset pressure of the downstream energy accumulator, the two energy accumulators can effectively absorb the pressure pulsation on the oil return path, and the hydraulic oil return path energy accumulator is suitable for working conditions that a special crushing hammer machine and a standard excavator are equipped with a crushing hammer, is not only suitable for 50-ton excavators, but also is suitable for excavators with other tonnages.
2. A proportional throttle valve is arranged beside the hydraulic oil radiator, the opening of the proportional throttle valve is adjusted to adjust the flow distribution of hydraulic oil directly flowing back to the oil tank and flowing back to the hydraulic oil radiator, the load of the hydraulic oil radiator is reduced, and the first check valve and the proportional throttle valve perform double protection on the hydraulic oil radiator.
3. Set up pressure sensor in the upper reaches of hydraulic oil radiator or the oil inlet department of hydraulic oil radiator, both can carry out real-time detection to the pressure of the hydraulic oil that gets into hydraulic oil radiator, can in time maintain the quartering hammer through warning suggestion operating personnel again, can also restrict the power rotational speed gear of excavator, avoid because of the damage of quartering hammer untimely lead to the radiator.
4. The hydraulic control system comprises a normally open type two-position two-way reversing valve, a normally closed type two-position two-way reversing valve, a circulating pump and a circulating motor, wherein in an initial state, the normally open type two-position two-way reversing valve is normally open, the normally closed type two-position two-way reversing valve is normally closed, the circulating pump and the circulating motor do not work, and return oil of the breaking hammer firstly flows back to an oil tank through a hydraulic oil radiator. If the pressure sensor detects an abnormally high pressure, the abnormally high pressure is significantly higher than the alarm pressure P0And the frequency of the abnormal high pressure is higher, if the excavator works in the state all the time, the hydraulic oil radiator can be damaged after three days, and a lowest value P of the abnormal high pressure is set firstly2If the pressure sensor detects P5 times in one minute1Exceeds P2When the hydraulic oil cooler is used, the controller can send an instruction to control the proportional throttle valve to be opened and be in a full-open state, the normally-open two-position two-way reversing valve is switched to a stop position, the normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve is switched to a circulation position, the return oil of the breaking hammer directly flows back to the oil tank from a bypass oil circuit without passing through the hydraulic radiator, the cooling pump starts to supply oil to the circulating motor, the circulating motor drives the circulating pump to pump the oil in the oil tank back to the hydraulic oil radiator for heat dissipation, auxiliary heat dissipation is carried out on the hydraulic oil, and the temperature of the hydraulic oil in the oil tank is prevented from being too high. If the breaking hammer cannot be maintained in a short period, the heat dissipation mode can be adopted, so that the heat dissipation oil return is added to the hydraulic control systemThe mode can ensure that the excavator can still work under extreme conditions (such as abnormal high pressure, untimely maintenance of the breaking hammer and the like).
5. The first flow sensor and the second flow sensor can detect flow distribution of directly flowing back to the oil tank and flowing back to the oil tank through the hydraulic oil radiator, if the flow detected by the second flow sensor is larger than the flow detected by the first flow sensor, the fact that most of the hydraulic oil directly flows back to the oil tank is indicated, the controller still can reach the valve position of the normally closed two-position two-way reversing valve for instruction switching, and the cooling pump supplies oil to the circulating motor to drive the circulating pump to perform auxiliary heat dissipation.
6. The third flow sensor is arranged on the pressure regulating oil path and used for detecting the overflow flow of the proportional overflow valve, if the overflow flow detected by the third flow sensor exceeds 21% of the rated flow of the pilot-operated proportional overflow valve, it is indicated that a lot of flow overflows from the pilot-operated proportional overflow valve, and unnecessary energy loss is caused, at the moment, the controller reduces the discharge capacity of the main pump, so that the overflow flow of the pilot-operated proportional overflow valve is reduced to 5% of the rated flow, and therefore, the sufficient striking force of the breaking hammer is ensured, excessive energy loss is avoided, and the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the excavator is achieved.
7. To the big characteristics of broken operating mode dust, set up first filter and second filter on first oil return way, strengthen the filtration to fluid, reduce the pollutant in the fluid.
8. The hydraulic control system has simple structure and can not generate great influence on the cost of the whole machine.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hydraulic control system for a demolition hammer, comprising:
the oil inlet path (11) is suitable for being connected with an oil inlet of the breaking hammer (90);
a first oil return path (21) adapted to be connected with an oil outlet of the breaking hammer (90);
a hydraulic oil radiator (22) provided on the first oil return passage (21);
the first accumulator (23) and the second accumulator (24) are respectively connected with the first oil return circuit (21), and the preset pressure of the first accumulator (23) is larger than the preset pressure of the second accumulator (24).
2. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure detection component (41), a controller (42), and a prompter, wherein the pressure detection component (41) is connected to the first oil return passage (21) or the hydraulic oil radiator (22), and the controller (42) is electrically connected to the prompter and the pressure detection component (41), respectively.
3. The hydraulic control system according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising a bypass oil passage (51) and a bypass valve, the bypass oil passage (51) being connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil radiator (22), the bypass valve being provided on the bypass oil passage (51), the bypass valve having an open state and a closed state, the controller (42) being electrically connected to the bypass valve and controlling a state of the bypass valve in accordance with the pressure detected by the pressure detecting means (41).
4. The hydraulic control system according to claim 3, characterized in that the bypass valve is a proportional throttle valve (52), and an opening degree of the proportional throttle valve (52) increases with an increase in pressure of hydraulic oil in the first oil return passage (21) located upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator (22).
5. The hydraulic control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hydraulic control system further comprises a first check valve (25), the first check valve (25) being provided on the first oil return passage (21) between the first accumulator (23) and the second accumulator (24).
6. The hydraulic control system according to claim 3, further comprising a first on-off valve (26), the first on-off valve (26) being provided on the first oil return passage (21) between a junction of the bypass oil passage (51) and the first oil return passage (21) and the hydraulic oil radiator (22), a circulation pump (61) and an oil tank (15), an inlet of the circulation pump (61) being communicated with the oil tank (15), an outlet of the circulation pump (61) being communicated with the first oil return passage (21) upstream of the hydraulic oil radiator (22), the controller (42) controlling states of the circulation pump (61) and the bypass valve according to a state of the first on-off valve (26).
7. The hydraulic control system according to claim 6, further comprising a cooling pump (62) and a circulation motor (63), an inlet of the cooling pump (62) being in communication with the oil tank (15), an outlet of the cooling pump (62) being in communication with an inlet of the circulation motor (63) through an oil supply passage (64), an outlet of the circulation motor (63) being in communication with the oil tank (15), an output shaft of the circulation motor (63) being connected to an input shaft of the circulation pump (61), a second on-off valve (65) being provided on the oil supply passage (64), and a state of the first on-off valve (26) being opposite to a state of the second on-off valve (65).
8. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1, further comprising a main pump (12), a pressure-regulating oil path (81), a pressure-regulating valve and a controller (42), wherein the main pump (12) is connected to the oil inlet path (11), one end of the pressure-regulating oil path (81) is connected to the oil inlet path (11), the other end of the pressure-regulating oil path (81) is connected to the first oil return path (21), the pressure-regulating valve is disposed on the pressure-regulating oil path (81), a flow detection component is disposed on the pressure-regulating oil path (81), and the controller (42) is electrically connected to the main pump (12) and the flow detection component.
9. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1, further comprising an oil supplementing path (71), wherein one end of the oil supplementing path (71) is connected with an oil tank (15), the other end of the oil supplementing path (71) is connected with the oil inlet path (11), and a second one-way valve (72) is arranged on the oil supplementing path (71).
10. An excavator, comprising: a hydraulic control system for a demolition hammer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN113216313B (en) | 2024-07-16 |
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