CN113215619A - Electrolytic refining system of lead bullion - Google Patents
Electrolytic refining system of lead bullion Download PDFInfo
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- CN113215619A CN113215619A CN202110452425.6A CN202110452425A CN113215619A CN 113215619 A CN113215619 A CN 113215619A CN 202110452425 A CN202110452425 A CN 202110452425A CN 113215619 A CN113215619 A CN 113215619A
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- lead
- anode
- refining
- cathode
- electrolytic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/18—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of lead
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolytic refining system of lead bullion, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing an anode plate, and a second step: manufacturing a cathode lead starting sheet, and a third step: electrolytic refining, the fourth step: cathode lead refining and ingot casting, and the fifth step: the anode mud is subjected to filter pressing, the refining of the lead is realized by an electrolysis method, the purity of the lead is improved, the precious metal is recycled, and the method has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and easiness in processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refining of nonferrous metals, in particular to an electrolytic refining system for lead bullion.
Background
Lead is widely used in the industry at present, and is used most in the electrical industry sector, mainly for manufacturing storage batteries, various cable protection sheaths, fusing fuses, and the like. Lead plates and pipes are often used as acid-resistant linings and corrosion-resistant covers for corrosion protection of smelting and chemical equipment, and lead is also used as a protective layer and a protective screen for atomic energy industry and X-ray. Lead compounds are used in the pigment industry, the glass industry, the petroleum industry, the medical sector, etc. However, lead contains not only impurities such As Cu, Sn, As, and Sb but also noble metals and other impurities in the process of processing and refining. Due to the presence of impurities, not only is the hardness of lead increased and the ductility and corrosion resistance reduced, making it unsuitable for industrial use, but also the precious metals therein are wasted.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient and streamlined system for electrorefining lead bullion.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electrolytic refining system for lead bullion comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: anode plate fabrication
The manufacturing of the lead anode plate is completed in an anode section of an electrolysis workshop, and the anode plate is manufactured by using an anode plate casting machine and simultaneously matching an anode refining pot and an anode plate casting pot;
the second step is that: cathode lead starting sheet manufacture
The cathode lead after electrolysis is used as a raw material, the cathode lead is placed in an electric lead refining pot, and after being heated by natural gas, sodium nitrate is added for impurity removal; and (4) pumping the lead liquid into a heat-insulating lead pan of a DM machine by a lead pump to prepare a lead roll. And (4) conveying the coiled lead coil to a starting sheet manufacturing unit by using a forklift or a crane. The lead coil is unfolded on a rewinding machine on a starting sheet manufacturing unit, and then the cathode lead starting sheet is manufactured after cutting, rod inserting, flanging, blank pressing, welding and embossing; the cathodes and the anodes are automatically staggered on the automatic pitch setter according to the homopolar distance of 95mm, and then are hoisted and loaded into an electrolytic cell or transported to a cathode preparation frame for standby by an insulated bridge crane;
the third step: electrolytic refining
Performing electrolytic refining in an electrolytic cell by taking a lead anode plate as an anode, a lead starting sheet as a cathode and taking an aqueous solution consisting of lead silicofluoride (PbSiF6) and free silicofluoride (H2SiF6) as an electrolyte and electrifying direct current;
the fourth step: cathode lead refining and ingot casting
Washing, rod drawing and folding the cathode lead by a cathode washing rod drawing machine set, stacking the cathode lead into a stack, hoisting the stack to an electric lead refining pot, heating the stack by using natural gas, and adding sodium nitrate to remove impurities; the lead liquid is sent to a lead ingot casting machine set through a lead pump for ingot casting, stacking and bundling, and finally is stored in a warehouse;
the fifth step: anode mud filter pressing
Anode slurry brushed by the residual anode scourer automatically flows into an anode slurry intermediate tank, is pumped into an anode slurry stirring tank, and is pulped together with anode slurry generated by cleaning an electrolytic tank through a vacuum system; and (4) pumping the anode mud into a filter press for filter pressing by a pump, returning filtrate to an electrolyte circulating system, and delivering filter residue, namely an anode mud product, to a dangerous waste temporary storage for temporary storage and then selling the anode mud product to qualified units for disposal.
The electrolytic refining system for lead bullion, wherein in the first step, the electrolytic refining system further comprises the steps of:
A. transferring the ingot of the crude lead to an anode plate refining pot, indirectly heating the ingot by natural gas, and adding sulfur to remove copper to obtain regenerated refined lead; the lead liquid is transferred into an anode plate casting machine set through a casting pot, is processed into a lead anode plate through the working procedures of casting, plate lifting, leveling, plate arrangement and the like, and is hoisted into an electrolytic bath by a hook bridge crane.
The electrolytic refining system of the lead bullion, wherein, the anode plate casting machine is 1, the anode refining pot is 2, the anode plate casting pot is 1.
The electrolytic refining system for the lead bullion is characterized in that the heating temperature for heating the natural gas is 500-550 ℃.
The electrolytic refining system of the crude lead is characterized in that the lead content of the regenerated refined lead is more than 99.992%.
The electrolytic refining system of the lead bullion is characterized in that the anode plate casting machine is of a totally enclosed structure.
The electrolytic refining system of the crude lead, wherein the lead liquid transport among the anode refining pot, the anode casting pot and the anode plate casting machine adopts a closed pipeline.
The electrolytic refining system of lead bullion, wherein, in the third step, further comprises the steps of:
and A1, automatically flowing the electrolyte to an electrolyte circulation tank from the electrolytic tank, pumping the electrolyte to an electrolyte elevated tank by a circulating pump, flowing the electrolyte into the electrolytic tank after passing through the elevated tank, and completing one circulation.
The electrolytic refining system of lead bullion, wherein, in the third step, further comprises the steps of:
a2, lead is dissolved from the anode and enters into the electrolyte, and is separated out on the cathode, and precious metals and impurities are adhered to the anode plate to form anode mud because of insolubilization;
a3, after electrolysis, respectively lifting the anode scrap and the cathode out of the electrolytic cell by a crane, attaching a layer of thick anode mud on the surface of the anode scrap, and brushing by an anode scrap brushing unit; returning the cleaned anode scrap to the lead melting pot to melt the cast plate again; the anode mud is sold after being filter-pressed;
a4, washing cathode lead by a cathode washing and rod drawing machine set, drawing out a conductive copper rod, and then refining the conductive copper rod by a power transmission lead refining pot to cast a lead ingot; the conductive copper rod is sent to the optical rod grinding machine, and the ground conductive rod is reused in the cathode manufacturing unit.
The electrolytic refining system of the lead bullion is characterized in that the periods of the cathode and the anode of the electrolysis are both 3 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the method is simple, the cost is low, and the processing is easy;
2. not only improves the purity of lead, but also realizes the recycling of noble metals.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an electrolytic process of the electrolytic refining system of the lead bullion provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a lead anode plate production process of the lead bullion electrolytic refining system provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the lead cathode plate production process of the lead bullion electrolytic refining system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on," "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
It should be noted that the terms of orientation such as left, right, up and down in the embodiments of the present invention are only relative to each other or are referred to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.
The embodiment of the invention provides an electrolytic refining system of lead bullion, please refer to fig. 1-3, comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: anode plate fabrication
The lead anode plate is manufactured at an anode section of an electrolysis workshop, and the anode plate casting machine is used and matched with an anode refining pot and an anode plate casting pot to realize the manufacture of the anode plate;
the second step is that: cathode lead starting sheet manufacture
The cathode lead after electrolysis is used as a raw material, the cathode lead is placed in an electric lead refining pot, and after being heated by natural gas, sodium nitrate is added for impurity removal; and (4) pumping the lead liquid into a heat-insulating lead pan of a DM machine by a lead pump to prepare a lead roll. And (4) conveying the coiled lead coil to a starting sheet manufacturing unit by using a forklift or a crane. The lead coil is unfolded on a rewinding machine on a starting sheet manufacturing unit, and then the cathode lead starting sheet is manufactured after cutting, rod inserting, flanging, blank pressing, welding and embossing; the cathodes and the anodes are automatically staggered on the automatic pitch setter according to the homopolar distance of 95mm, and then are hoisted and loaded into an electrolytic cell or transported to a cathode preparation frame for standby by an insulated bridge crane;
the third step: electrolytic refining
Performing electrolytic refining in an electrolytic cell by taking a lead anode plate as an anode, a lead starting sheet as a cathode and taking an aqueous solution consisting of lead silicofluoride (PbSiF6) and free silicofluoride (H2SiF6) as an electrolyte and electrifying direct current;
the fourth step: cathode lead refining and ingot casting
Washing, rod drawing and folding the cathode lead by a cathode washing rod drawing machine set, stacking the cathode lead into a stack, hoisting the stack to an electric lead refining pot, heating the stack by using natural gas, and adding sodium nitrate to remove impurities; the lead liquid is sent to a lead ingot casting machine set through a lead pump for ingot casting, stacking and bundling, and finally is stored in a warehouse;
the fifth step: anode mud filter pressing
Anode slurry brushed by the residual anode scourer automatically flows into an anode slurry intermediate tank, is pumped into an anode slurry stirring tank, and is pulped together with anode slurry generated by cleaning an electrolytic tank through a vacuum system; and (4) pumping the anode mud into a filter press for filter pressing by a pump, returning filtrate to an electrolyte circulating system, and delivering filter residue, namely an anode mud product, to a dangerous waste temporary storage for temporary storage and then selling the anode mud product to qualified units for disposal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lead anode plate is manufactured in the anode section of the electrolytic workshop, 1 anode plate casting machine of 80pcs/h is arranged in the electrolytic workshop, and simultaneously 2 anode refining pots and 1 anode plate casting pot are matched.
Specifically, the crude lead ingot produced by the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter in the step A is transferred to a 2-port anode plate refining pot, is indirectly heated to 500-550 ℃ through natural gas, and is added with sulfur for copper removal, so that regenerated refined lead with lead content of more than 99.992% is obtained; the lead liquid is transferred into an anode plate casting machine set through a casting pot, is processed into a lead anode plate through the working procedures of casting, plate lifting, leveling, plate arrangement and the like, and is hoisted into an electrolytic bath by a hook bridge crane.
More specifically, according to the process design, the anode plate casting machine adopts a totally enclosed structure, and lead liquid transportation among the anode refining pot, the anode casting pot and the anode plate casting machine adopts a closed pipeline, so that the links of waste gas generation in the anode plate manufacturing process are mainly a feed inlet of the anode plate refining pot and natural gas combustion.
Further, electrolytic refining of lead is carried out in an electrolytic bath, an anode plate of lead is used as an anode, a lead starting sheet is used as a cathode, an aqueous solution consisting of lead silicofluoride (PbSiF6) and free silicofluoride (H2SiF6) is used as an electrolyte, and direct current is supplied for electrolytic refining.
Further, the electrolyte A1 flows to the electrolyte circulation tank automatically from the electrolytic bath, is pumped to the electrolyte elevated tank by the circulating pump, flows into the electrolytic bath after passing through the elevated tank, and completes one circulation; in the electrolysis process, A2 and lead are dissolved from the anode and enter the electrolyte, and are separated out on the cathode, and precious metals and impurities are adhered to the anode plate to form anode mud due to insolubility; preferably, the electrolysis has a cathode period and an anode period of 3 days; further, A3, after electrolysis, respectively lifting the anode scrap and the cathode scrap out of the electrolytic cell by using a crane, attaching a layer of thicker anode mud on the surface of the anode scrap, and brushing by using an anode scrap brushing unit; returning the cleaned anode scrap to the lead melting pot to melt the cast plate again; the anode mud is sold after being filter-pressed; further, A4, washing the cathode lead by a cathode washing and rod drawing machine set, drawing out the conductive copper rod, then feeding the conductive copper rod into a lead refining pot for refining, and then casting into a lead ingot; the conductive copper rod light-transmitting rod grinding machine is used for recycling the ground conductive rod into the cathode manufacturing unit
Further, the cathode lead is washed by a cathode washing rod-drawing unit, drawn and folded and stacked, and is lifted to an electric lead refining pot, and after being heated to 500-550 ℃ by using natural gas, sodium nitrate is added for removing impurities; and the lead liquid is sent to a lead ingot casting machine set through a lead pump for ingot casting, stacking and bundling, and finally is stored in a warehouse.
Further, anode slurry brushed by the residual anode scourer automatically flows into the anode slurry intermediate tank, and then is pumped into the anode slurry stirring tank to be slurried together with anode slurry generated by cleaning the electrolytic tank through a vacuum system. And (4) pumping the anode mud into a filter press for filter pressing by a pump, returning filtrate to an electrolyte circulating system, and delivering filter residue, namely an anode mud product, to a dangerous waste temporary storage for temporary storage and then selling the anode mud product to qualified units for disposal.
In summary, the invention discloses an electrolytic refining system for lead bullion, comprising the following steps: manufacturing an anode plate, and a second step: manufacturing a cathode lead starting sheet, and a third step: electrolytic refining, the fourth step: cathode lead refining and ingot casting, and the fifth step: the anode mud is subjected to filter pressing, the refining of the lead is realized by an electrolysis method, the purity of the lead is improved, the precious metal is recycled, and the method has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and easiness in processing.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An electrolytic refining system for lead bullion, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: anode plate fabrication
The manufacturing of the lead anode plate is completed in an anode section of an electrolysis workshop, and the anode plate is manufactured by using an anode plate casting machine and simultaneously matching an anode refining pot and an anode plate casting pot;
the second step is that: cathode lead starting sheet manufacture
The cathode lead after electrolysis is used as a raw material, the cathode lead is placed in an electric lead refining pot, and after being heated by natural gas, sodium nitrate is added for impurity removal; the lead liquid is pumped into a heat-preserving lead pan of a DM machine by a lead pump to be made into a lead roll; and (4) conveying the coiled lead coil to a starting sheet manufacturing unit by using a forklift or a crane. The lead coil is unfolded on a rewinding machine on a starting sheet manufacturing unit, and then the cathode lead starting sheet is manufactured after cutting, rod inserting, flanging, blank pressing, welding and embossing; the cathodes and the anodes are automatically staggered on the automatic pitch setter according to the homopolar distance of 95mm, and then are hoisted and loaded into an electrolytic cell or transported to a cathode preparation frame for standby by an insulated bridge crane;
the third step: electrolytic refining
Performing electrolytic refining in an electrolytic cell by taking a lead anode plate as an anode, a lead starting sheet as a cathode and taking an aqueous solution consisting of lead silicofluoride (PbSiF6) and free silicofluoride (H2SiF6) as an electrolyte and electrifying direct current;
the fourth step: cathode lead refining and ingot casting
Washing, rod drawing and folding the cathode lead by a cathode washing rod drawing machine set, stacking the cathode lead into a stack, hoisting the stack to an electric lead refining pot, heating the stack by using natural gas, and adding sodium nitrate to remove impurities; the lead liquid is sent to a lead ingot casting machine set through a lead pump for ingot casting, stacking and bundling, and finally is stored in a warehouse;
the fifth step: anode mud filter pressing
Anode slurry brushed by the residual anode scourer automatically flows into an anode slurry intermediate tank, is pumped into an anode slurry stirring tank, and is pulped together with anode slurry generated by cleaning an electrolytic tank through a vacuum system; and (4) pumping the anode mud into a filter press for filter pressing by a pump, returning filtrate to an electrolyte circulating system, and delivering filter residue, namely an anode mud product, to a dangerous waste temporary storage for temporary storage and then selling the anode mud product to qualified units for disposal.
2. The system for the electrolytic refining of lead bullion according to claim 1, characterized in that in said first step, it further comprises the steps of:
A. transferring the ingot of the crude lead to an anode plate refining pot, indirectly heating the ingot by natural gas, and adding sulfur to remove copper to obtain regenerated refined lead; the lead liquid is transferred into an anode plate casting machine set through a casting pot, is processed into a lead anode plate through the working procedures of casting, plate lifting, leveling, plate arrangement and the like, and is hoisted into an electrolytic bath by a hook bridge crane.
3. The system for the electrolytic refining of lead bullion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the anode plate casting machine is 1, the anode refining pan is 2, and the anode plate casting pan is 1.
4. The system for the electrolytic refining of lead bullion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating temperature of the natural gas heating is 500-.
5. The system for the electrolytic refining of bullion according to claim 1, wherein said secondary refined lead has a lead content greater than 99.992%.
6. The system for the electrolytic refining of lead bullion according to claim 1, wherein the anode plate casting machine is of a totally enclosed construction.
7. The system for electrorefining of lead bullion according to claim 1, wherein the anode refining vessel, the anode casting vessel, and the anode plate casting machine are enclosed piping for lead liquid transport.
8. The system for the electrolytic refining of lead bullion according to claim 1, characterized in that in said third step, further comprising the steps of:
and A1, automatically flowing the electrolyte to an electrolyte circulation tank from the electrolytic tank, pumping the electrolyte to an electrolyte elevated tank by a circulating pump, flowing the electrolyte into the electrolytic tank after passing through the elevated tank, and completing one circulation.
9. The system for the electrolytic refining of lead bullion according to claim 1, characterized in that in said third step, further comprising the steps of:
a2, lead is dissolved from the anode and enters into the electrolyte, and is separated out on the cathode, and precious metals and impurities are adhered to the anode plate to form anode mud because of insolubilization;
a3, after electrolysis, respectively lifting the anode scrap and the cathode out of the electrolytic cell by a crane, attaching a layer of thick anode mud on the surface of the anode scrap, and brushing by an anode scrap brushing unit; returning the cleaned anode scrap to the lead melting pot to melt the cast plate again; the anode mud is sold after being filter-pressed;
a4, washing cathode lead by a cathode washing and rod drawing machine set, drawing out a conductive copper rod, and then refining the conductive copper rod by a power transmission lead refining pot to cast a lead ingot; the conductive copper rod is sent to the optical rod grinding machine, and the ground conductive rod is reused in the cathode manufacturing unit.
10. The system for electrorefining of lead bullion according to claim 1, wherein the cathode and anode cycles of said electrolysis are both 3 days.
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| CN202110452425.6A CN113215619A (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Electrolytic refining system of lead bullion |
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| CN202110452425.6A CN113215619A (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Electrolytic refining system of lead bullion |
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| CN102534660A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-04 | 河南科技大学 | Method for electrolytically refining crude lead |
| CN103938223A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-23 | 湖南水口山有色金属集团有限公司 | Purification method for high-bismuth crude lead |
| CN106011931A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-10-12 | 昆明冶金研究院 | Large-pole plate long-time cycle lead anode two-step electrolytic refining method |
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2021
- 2021-04-26 CN CN202110452425.6A patent/CN113215619A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102534660A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-04 | 河南科技大学 | Method for electrolytically refining crude lead |
| CN103938223A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-23 | 湖南水口山有色金属集团有限公司 | Purification method for high-bismuth crude lead |
| CN106011931A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-10-12 | 昆明冶金研究院 | Large-pole plate long-time cycle lead anode two-step electrolytic refining method |
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| 北京有色冶金设计研究总院等: "《重有色金属冶练设计手册 铅锌铋卷》", 31 May 1996, 冶金工业出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20210806 |