CN113215435B - Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113215435B
CN113215435B CN202110492537.4A CN202110492537A CN113215435B CN 113215435 B CN113215435 B CN 113215435B CN 202110492537 A CN202110492537 A CN 202110492537A CN 113215435 B CN113215435 B CN 113215435B
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powder
copper
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CN113215435A (en
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张平
廖磊
苏懿
冉渭
刘锦云
鲁云
金应荣
贺毅
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Xihua University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides

Abstract

The present application relates to Cr2An AlC/copper-based composite material and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of material preparation. Cr (chromium)2The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material comprises the following steps: mixing flake copper powder with Cr2Pressing and sintering the mixture of AlC powder to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material, mixture of Cr2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is 25-40%. The application adopts flake copper powder and Cr2Mixing AlC powder to increase the content of Cu powder and Cr2The contact area of AlC powder is reduced, and Cr is reduced2AlC powder and Cr2Contact of AlC powder to increase Cr2The dispersion effect of AlC powder in copper powder is helpful for copper powder and Cr2Sintering of AlC powder to increase Cr content2Strength of AlC/copper-based composites. Contributes to increase of Cr2The content of AlC powder is reduced, and Cr is reduced2Coefficient of friction of AlC/copper-based composite materials.

Description

Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of material preparation, in particular to Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cr2AlC is a ternary compound with a layered structure, and not only has the characteristics of high hardness, corrosion resistance and the like of a ceramic material, but also has the characteristics of electric conduction, heat conduction and the like of metal. Pure Cr2AlC ceramic materials are usually sintered and formed by methods such as spark plasma sintering and the like, and large blocks of ceramic materials are difficult to obtain due to equipment limitation. Although the ceramic material has high hardness, the toughness is low, and the application range is limited.
At present, Cr is added2AlC and goldThe composite material combines the advantages of metal and ceramic, and has good thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, thermal shock resistance, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. But Cr2The compounding of AlC with metals presents some problems, Cr2The content of AlC cannot be high, otherwise the properties of the material deteriorate, such as the crushing strength when manufacturing a sliding bearing sleeve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the embodiments of the present application aim to provide a Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof for improving Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material has high friction coefficient.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material comprising copper and Cr2AlC，Cr2The mass percentage of AlC is 25-40%, and the copper is a sheet structure.
The structure of copper in the composite material is improved, so that Cr in the composite material2The content of AlC is increased, and the obtained Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material has high strength, low friction coefficient and self-lubricating capacity.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a Cr2The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material comprises the following steps: mixing flake copper powder with Cr2Pressing and sintering the mixture of AlC powder to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material, mixture of Cr2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is 25-40%.
The application adopts flake copper powder and Cr2Mixing AlC powder to increase the content of Cu powder and Cr2The contact area of AlC powder is reduced, and Cr is reduced2AlC powder and Cr2Contact of AlC powder to increase Cr2The dispersion effect of AlC powder in copper powder is helpful for copper powder and Cr2Sintering of AlC powder to increase Cr content2Strength of AlC/copper-based composites. At the same time, Cr is increased2The dispersion effect of AlC powder in copper powder is also beneficial to increasing Cr2The content of AlC powder is reduced, and then Cr is reduced2The friction coefficient of AlC/copper-based composite material is improved, and Cr is increased2AlC/copper baseSelf-lubricating properties of the composite material.
In some embodiments of the present application, Cr2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is 30-40%.
Compared with the prior Cr2The mass percentage of AlC powder is 1-20%, and Cr is contained in the alloy2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is doubled. Cr (chromium) component2The increased content of AlC powder is helpful to reduce Cr2The friction coefficient of AlC/copper-based composite material is improved, and Cr is increased2Self-lubricating property of AlC/copper-based composite material.
In some embodiments of the present application, the flake copper powder has a thickness of 2-10 μm.
The thinner the flake copper powder is, the copper powder and Cr2The larger the contact area of AlC powder is, the more beneficial to Cr2And dispersing AlC powder in the copper powder. If the thickness of the flake copper powder is more than 10 μm, Cr is affected2Dispersion of AlC powder when Cr2When the mass percentage of the AlC powder in the mixed powder is larger, Cr2Poor dispersion of AlC powder will affect Cr2Performance of AlC/copper-based composites.
In some embodiments of the present application, the flake copper powder has a particle size of 100-400 mesh.
In some embodiments of the application, the flake copper powder is obtained by ball milling tin bronze powder, the ball-to-material ratio is (5-7):1, the ball milling rotation speed is 200-.
The scaly copper powder is beneficial to improving Cr2The dispersion effect of AlC powder. The copper powder adopted by the application can be obtained by direct purchase, and can also be obtained by placing tin bronze powder in a ball mill for ball milling.
In some embodiments of the present application, Cr2The grain diameter of the AlC powder is 800-5000 meshes.
Cr having such a particle size2The AlC powder and the 100-mesh 400-mesh flaky copper powder have better mixing and dispersing effects.
In some examples of the present application, the pressed mixture was sintered at 980-1020 ℃ for 1-4 h.
The composite material with better strength can be efficiently obtained by sintering under the condition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 shows Cr provided in example 1 of the present application2Scanning electron microscope images of AlC-Cu green compacts in a section parallel to the pressing pressure direction;
FIG. 2 shows Cr provided in example 1 of the present application2Scanning electron microscope images of AlC-Cu green compacts in a cross section perpendicular to the pressing pressure direction;
FIG. 3 shows Cr provided in example 1 of the present application2Scanning electron microscope images of the AlC-Cu composite material in a section parallel to the pressing pressure direction;
FIG. 4 shows Cr provided in example 7 of the present application2Scanning electron microscope images of the AlC-Cu tin bronze composite material in a section parallel to the pressing pressure direction;
FIG. 5 shows Cr provided in example 7 of the present application2Scanning electron microscope images of the AlC-Cu tin bronze composite material in a section perpendicular to the pressing pressure direction;
FIG. 6 shows Cr provided in comparative example 2 of the present application2Scanning electron microscope images of the AlC-Cu composite material in a cross section perpendicular to the pressing pressure direction.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Existing Cr2AlC materials are difficult to obtain in bulk ceramic materials due to equipment limitations. Mixing Cr2Mixing AlC powder and Cu powder, and briquetting and sintering to obtain block material with large size and Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material has good thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and other properties. According to Cr2The properties of AlC material are known as Cr2The higher the content of AlC, the lower the friction coefficient of the composite material, which is beneficial to engineering application. But at present Cr2Cr in AlC/copper-based composite material2The content of AlC is less than 20 percent by weight, and the Cr is difficult to increase2Self-lubricating capability of AlC/copper-based composite material.
The inventors of the present application found, through research, that Cr2Cr in AlC/Cu composite material2The reason why the content of AlC is difficult to increase is that Cr2The dispersion effect of AlC in the copper-based composite material is poor. When Cr is present2When the AlC content exceeds 20 wt%, Cr2Poor AlC dispersion results in deterioration of material properties, for example, in the production of a sliding bearing bush, the crushing strength is lowered, which is disadvantageous for further improvement of Cr content in the copper-based composite material2The content of AlC is not beneficial to improving the self-lubricating property of the copper-based composite material, and Cr is caused2The engineering application of AlC composites is limited.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the application provides Cr2AlC/Cu composite material and preparation method thereof, and Cr can be improved by the preparation method2The dispersion effect of AlC powder in copper powder is beneficial to improving Cr in copper-based composite material2The content of AlC is beneficial to reducing the friction coefficient of the copper-based composite material and improving Cr while the strength of the copper-based composite material is not reduced2Self-lubricating capability of AlC/Cu composite material. The following is a Cr example of the present application2Specifically, an AlC/copper-based composite material and a preparation method thereof are described.
The embodiment of the application provides Cr2The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material comprises the following steps:
selecting copper powder and Cr2AlC powder is used as a raw material. The powder material adopted in the prior art is granular. Among them, there is a disclosure that raw material powder is ball-milled. In the art, if the parameters of the ball mill are not defined, the ballsThe particle size of the powder particles obtained by grinding is uniform, namely the size and the length-width ratio are consistent.
The present inventors have found that Cr is2After the problem that the dispersion effect of AlC in the composite material is poor, the method obtains the following results through creative labor: using flake copper powder and Cr2The mixing of AlC powder is helpful to improve Cr2Dispersion effect of AlC in copper powder. That is, the present application improves Cr by using flake copper powder2The dispersion effect of AlC powder.
The surface area of the flake copper powder is larger than that of the conventional granular copper powder, and the increase of the surface area of the copper powder promotes the copper powder and Cr2Contact of AlC powder to reduce Cr2AlC powder and Cr2And contacting AlC powder. Cr (chromium) component2The dispersion effect of the AlC powder in the copper powder is good, and the mixed powder is easier to sinter together in the sintering process. If Cr2AlC powder and Cr2The contact of AlC powder is more, and Cr is generated during the sintering process2Low activity of AlC ceramic powder, contact Cr2The AlC powder is not easy to sinter together, which is not beneficial to the sintering of the whole copper-based composite material, and the obtained material has poor strength.
If only flake-like Cr is used2AlC powder and copper powder are non-flaky. Although the powder of this structure can increase Cr2Contact of AlC powder with copper powder, but flaky Cr2The AlC powder also increases Cr2AlC powder and Cr2The contact of AlC powder is not beneficial to improving Cr2The dispersion effect of AlC powder in copper powder is not good for Cr2Sintering of the AlC/copper-based composite material is not beneficial to improving the performance of the copper-based composite material.
In some of the examples of the present application, the copper flake powder is flake-shaped, and the thickness of the copper flake powder is 2 to 10 μm. The thinner the flake copper powder is, the copper powder and Cr2The larger the contact area of AlC powder is, the more beneficial to Cr2And dispersing AlC powder in the copper powder. If the thickness of the flake copper powder is more than 10 μm, Cr is affected2Dispersion of AlC powder when Cr2When the mass percentage of the AlC powder in the mixed powder is larger, Cr2Poor dispersion of the AlC powder can affect the performance of the copper-based composite material. Optionally, flake copper powderThe thickness of (A) may be 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm or 10 μm. Typically, the size of the copper powder in the flake copper powder is in the range of, for example, 5-10 μm or 2-8 μm.
The copper powder adopted by the application can be obtained by direct purchase, and can also be obtained by placing tin bronze powder in a ball mill for ball milling. However, the inventors of the present application found through experiments that although copper powder obtained by ball-milling tin bronze powder is flaky, the thickness of copper powder obtained by ball-milling is not easily controlled, and the thickness of part of flaky powder is thick, which affects Cr2And dispersing AlC powder in the copper powder. In order to ensure that the thickness of the ball-milled copper powder is within the range of 2-10 mu m, the ball-milling ball-material ratio is (5-7):1, the ball-milling rotating speed is 200-. Optionally, the ball-material ratio is 5:1, 6:1 or 7:1, the ball milling rotation speed is 200r/min, 300r/min or 400r/min, and the ball milling time is 20h, 24h, 30h, 36h, 40h or 48 h.
In some embodiments of the present application, the flake copper powder has a particle size of 100-400 mesh, Cr2The grain diameter of AlC powder is 800-plus-5000 meshes, and Cr2The shape of the AlC powder can be spherical, flaky or irregular. Within the above particle size range, Cr2The dispersion of the AlC powder in the copper powder is better.
Cr adopted in the examples of the present application2The AlC powder can be obtained by sintering chromium powder, aluminum powder and carbon powder, and can also be prepared by a salt bath method.
The application adopts flake copper powder and Cr2Mixing AlC powder to increase Cr content2The dispersion effect of AlC powder is favorable for improving Cr2The mass percentage of the AlC powder in the copper-based composite material. Through experimental research of the inventor of the application, Cr in the mixture is obtained2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is 25-40%. Compared with the prior Cr2The mass percentage of AlC powder is 1-20%, and Cr is contained in the alloy2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is doubled. Thus, the Cr provided by the application2The performance of the AlC/copper-based composite material is greatly improved. Optionally, Cr in the mixture2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is 25 percent, 26 percent, 27 percent, 28 percent, 30 percent, 31 percent, 32 percent, 33 percent and 34 percent35%, 36%, 37%, 39% or 40%.
Weighing copper powder and Cr according to proportion2After AlC powder, mixing the copper powder with Cr2And mixing the AlC powder uniformly. The powder is uniformly mixed and fully contributes to improving Cr2Dispersibility of AlC powder in copper powder. In some embodiments of the present application, a drum mixer is used for mixing. In other embodiments of the present application, other mechanical mixing methods may be used for mixing.
And filling the mixed powder into a die to be pressed into a mixture blank. The pressing process adopted in the embodiment of the application is a general technology in the technical field, and specific pressing process parameters can be adjusted according to actual needs.
And sintering the pressed mixture green body. The mixture body can be formed into large blocks of Cr by sintering2AlC/copper-based composite material. In some embodiments of the present application, the sintering temperature is 980-. The inventor of the application finds that Cr is contained in the alloy2The mass percentage of AlC powder is above 25%, if the sintering temperature is less than 980 ℃, Cr can be obtained2AlC/copper-based composite materials, but the sintering time is long, which is not beneficial to engineering application. Too high a sintering temperature may result in Cr2The decomposition of AlC reduces the performance of the copper-based composite material and also increases the sintering cost. Cr (chromium) component2When the mass percentage content of the AlC powder is more than 25 percent, the sintering time is prolonged, which is beneficial to improving the Cr content2Strength of AlC/copper-based composites. Optionally, the sintering temperature is 980 ℃, 990 ℃, 1010 ℃ or 1020 ℃, and the sintering time is 1h, 2h, 3h or 4 h.
The application adopts flake copper powder and Cr2Mixing AlC powder to increase the content of Cu powder and Cr2The contact area of AlC powder is reduced, and Cr is reduced2AlC powder and Cr2Contact of AlC powder to increase Cr2The dispersion effect of AlC powder in copper powder is helpful to increase Cr2The content of AlC powder is reduced, and then Cr is reduced2The friction coefficient of AlC/copper-based composite material is improved, and Cr is increased2Self-lubricating property of AlC/copper-based composite material. At the same time, Cr is increased2Dispersing effect of AlC powder in copper powderThe copper powder and the Cr are also beneficial to2Sintering of AlC powder to increase Cr content2Strength of AlC/copper-based composites.
The application also provides Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material is prepared by the preparation method. The Cr is2The AlC/copper-based composite material has high strength, low friction coefficient and self-lubricating capacity.
The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
This example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing 5-10 μm thick scaly copper powder with Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 65:35, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 200 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is 2000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks with the diameter of 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering for 2 hours in a vacuum furnace at 1000 ℃ to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Example 2
This example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing 5-10 μm thick scaly copper powder with Cr2And (3) filling the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 60:40, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 200 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is 2000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks with the diameter of 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering for 2 hours in a vacuum furnace at 1000 ℃ to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Example 3
This example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing 5-10 μm thick scaly copper powder with Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 79:21, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about200 mesh, Cr2The grain size of the AlC powder is 2000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks with the diameter of 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering for 2 hours in a vacuum furnace at 1000 ℃ to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Example 4
This example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing 5-10 μm thick scaly copper powder with Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 65:35, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 300 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is about 2000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks with the diameter of 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering for 6 hours in a vacuum furnace at 950 ℃ to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Example 5
This example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing 5-10 μm thick scaly copper powder with Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 65:35, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 400 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is about 1000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks of phi 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering in a vacuum furnace at 980 ℃ for 3h to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Example 6
This example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing scaly copper powder with thickness of 20-40 μm with Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 65:35, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 300 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is about 1000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks with the diameter of 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering for 2 hours in a vacuum furnace at 1000 ℃ to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Example 7
This example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
placing the tin bronze powder in a ball mill for ball milling for 36h to obtain sheet tin bronze powder, and then mixing with Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 65:35, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 300 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is about 3000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks of phi 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering in a vacuum furnace at 980 ℃ for 2h to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Example 8
This example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing 5-10 μm thick scaly copper powder with Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 85:15, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 200 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is about 2000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks with the diameter of 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering for 2 hours in a vacuum furnace at 1000 ℃ to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing ordinary copper powder (non-flake) with Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 65:35, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 200 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is about 2000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks with the diameter of 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering for 2 hours in a vacuum furnace at 1000 ℃ to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a Cr2The AlC/copper-based composite material and the preparation method thereof mainly comprise the following steps:
mixing ordinary copperPowder (non-flake) and Cr2And (3) loading the AlC powder into a drum mixer according to the mass ratio of 85:15, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the particle size of the copper powder is about 300 meshes, and the Cr is2The grain size of the AlC powder is about 2000 meshes.
Putting the mixed powder into a die, pressing into blocks with the diameter of 13 multiplied by 3mm, sintering for 2 hours in a vacuum furnace at 1000 ℃ to obtain Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material.
Test example 1
Selecting Cr provided in example 12Microstructure analysis of the AlC/copper-based composite material was performed as shown in FIGS. 1-3. FIG. 1 is a powder distribution diagram of a green compact in a cross section parallel to the pressing pressure direction, in which the light gray thin strips are Cu and the dark gray particles are Cr2And (4) AlC. FIG. 2 is a powder distribution diagram of a green compact in a cross section perpendicular to the pressing pressure direction, in which Cu is continuous in white and Cr is discontinuous in dark gray particles2And (4) AlC. Fig. 3 is the structure in a section parallel to the pressing pressure direction after sintering. The copper powder in the pressed compact is flaky and sintered Cr2In the AlC/copper-based composite material, the copper powder still retains the flaky characteristics.
Cr provided in example 7 was selected2Microstructure analysis of the AlC/copper-based composite material was performed, see FIGS. 4-5. FIG. 4 shows Cr2The scanning electron microscope image of the AlC-Cu tin bronze composite material in the section parallel to the pressing pressure direction is shown in figure 5 which is the Cr2Scanning electron microscope picture of AlC-Cu tin bronze composite material in cross section perpendicular to pressing pressure direction, wherein light gray thin strip is tin bronze, and dark gray granular is Cr2And AlC, namely that the tin bronze powder in the composite material still retains the flaky characteristic.
Selecting Cr provided in comparative example 22Microstructure analysis of the AlC/copper-based composite material was performed, see FIG. 6. FIG. 6 shows the structure of the composite material, in which Cu is in light gray and Cr is in dark gray particles2AlC, visible Cr2The AlC powder is gathered and distributed unevenly.
Test example 2
The composite materials provided in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested for hardness and friction properties. According to GB/T4340.1-2009 part 1 of the Metal Vickers hardness test: test methods the composite materials were tested for hardness.
The calculation formula of the relative density and the theoretical density is as follows:
Figure BDA0003051890970000111
Figure BDA0003051890970000112
in the calculation process, Cr2The theoretical density of AlC is 5.24g/cm3The theoretical density of copper is 8.93g/cm3The theoretical density of tin bronze is 8.8g/cm3。
Reference to JB/T9141.8-2016 flexible graphite sheet, part 8: the sliding friction coefficient test method is used for measuring the friction coefficient of each composite material.
The test results were as follows:
TABLE 1 test results
Actual density (g/cm)3) Relative density (%) Hardness (HBW) Coefficient of friction
Example 1 6.63 92.54 152 0.42
Example 2 6.53 93.72 153 0.41
Example 3 7.22 92.81 130 0.55
Example 4 6.58 91.85 148 0.38
Example 5 6.61 92.26 146 0.40
Example 6 6.67 93.10 139 0.39
Example 7 6.71 94.4 114 0.28
Example 8 7.55 93.48 132 0.51
Comparative example 1 6.90 96.31 135 0.12
Comparative example 2 7.82 96.82 133 0.13
As can be seen from Table 1, the composite materials provided in examples 1-6 have a high hardness and a low coefficient of friction. The copper powder used in example 7 was tin bronze powder obtained by ball milling, and the thickness of the copper powder after ball milling was large, which affected Cr2Dispersion effect of AlC powder, Cr in obtained composite material2The AlC powder was more easily shed, resulting in a lower coefficient of friction for the composite material than provided by examples 1-6. Comparative examples 1 and 2 use ordinary, non-flake copper powder for Cr2The dispersion of the AlC powder does not promote. As can be seen from FIG. 2, Cr2Poor dispersion of AlC powder, conglomeration together, leading to Cr2The AlC powder is easy to fall off, and the obtained composite material has low friction coefficient. Parts made of the composite material are easy to wear and have quick failure.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. Cr (chromium)2AlC/copper-based composite material characterized by comprising copper and Cr2AlC, said Cr2The mass percentage of AlC is 25-40%, and the copper is in a sheet structure;
the Cr is2The AlC/copper-based composite material is prepared from flaky copper powder and Cr2The AlC powder mixture is obtained by pressing and sintering;
the thickness of the flake copper powder is 2-10 mu m;
the flake copper powder is obtained by ball milling tin bronze powder, the ball-to-material ratio is (5-7):1, and the ball milling time is 20-48 h.
2. Preparation of Cr as claimed in claim 12A method of producing an AlC/copper-based composite material, comprising: mixing flake copper powder with Cr2Pressing and sintering the mixture of AlC powder to obtain the Cr2AlC/copper-based composite material, said mixture, said Cr2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is 25-40%.
3. The Cr of claim 22The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material is characterized in that the Cr is2The mass percentage of the AlC powder is 30-40%.
4. The Cr of claim 22The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material is characterized in that the particle size of the flaky copper powder is 100-400 meshes.
5. The Cr of claim 22The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material is characterized in that the tin bronze powder is ball-milled to obtain the tin bronze powderIn the operation of the flake copper powder, the ball milling rotating speed is 200-400 r/min.
6. The Cr of claim 22The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material is characterized in that the Cr is2The grain diameter of the AlC powder is 800-5000 meshes.
7. The Cr of claim 22The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material is characterized in that the pressed mixture is sintered at the temperature of 980-1020 ℃.
8. The Cr of claim 72The preparation method of the AlC/copper-based composite material is characterized in that the sintering time of the pressed mixture is 1-4 h.
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