CN113215403A - Electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery process and system thereof - Google Patents
Electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery process and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113215403A CN113215403A CN202110374444.1A CN202110374444A CN113215403A CN 113215403 A CN113215403 A CN 113215403A CN 202110374444 A CN202110374444 A CN 202110374444A CN 113215403 A CN113215403 A CN 113215403A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0071—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0084—Treating solutions
- C22B15/0086—Treating solutions by physical methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0084—Treating solutions
- C22B15/0089—Treating solutions by chemical methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B23/0461—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The application relates to a comprehensive recovery process of electroplating sludge, which comprises the following steps: leaching with sulfuric acid, removing sand and stone and slurry, removing chromium and iron metals, removing copper metals, removing nickel metals and recycling tail water; the system comprises a stirring pool, a process pool and a filter press, wherein a first stirrer is arranged in the stirring pool, and a second stirrer is arranged in the process pool; first agitator includes the motor, (mixing) shaft and stirring vane, stirring vane is provided with a plurality ofly, and each stirring vane all fixes on the (mixing) shaft, the (mixing) shaft overcoat is equipped with the sleeve, the sleeve is provided with a plurality of filter screens outward, each filter screen is arranged along telescopic axis circumference, be provided with drive mechanism between each filter screen and the sleeve, drive mechanism sets up along the axis direction of (mixing) shaft, the (mixing) shaft is close to the one end of motor and is provided with actuating mechanism, actuating mechanism is connected with drive mechanism and control the drive mechanism transmission. This application has the effect that metal recovery rate is high in the electroplating sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of resource utilization of solid wastes, in particular to a comprehensive recovery process and a comprehensive recovery system for electroplating sludge.
Background
The electroplating sludge is solid waste containing various heavy metals generated in the electroplating wastewater treatment process. The water content of the electroplating sludge is high; the particles are fine and are in a fine mud shape; the components are complex, and the heavy metal components contain various metal components such as chromium, iron, copper, nickel, zinc and the like, have high thermal stability and are easy to migrate, and are easy to cause secondary pollution.
Common disposal methods for electroplating sludge include immobilization treatment, thermochemical treatment, hydrometallurgical treatment, and the like. The immobilization treatment method is to add curing agents such as cement, asphalt, glass and the like, mix the curing agents with the sludge and then solidify the curing agents so that harmful substances in the sludge are sealed in a solidification system and are not leached out; the thermochemical treatment method is to decompose the waste under high temperature conditions to reduce the toxicity of some highly toxic components in the waste; the hydrometallurgy method is to soak and extract by acid and alkali (mainly ammonia) to leach and recover valuable metals.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors consider that the acid leaching method has a good leaching effect on valuable metals such as copper, zinc, nickel, etc., but has a poor selectivity on impurity metals such as chromium, iron, etc.; the ammonia leaching method has high selectivity on impurity metals such as chromium, iron and the like, but has low leaching rate on metals such as copper, zinc, nickel and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the recovery rate of metals in electroplating sludge, the application provides a comprehensive recovery process of electroplating sludge and a system thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a comprehensive recovery process for electroplating sludge, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive recovery process of electroplating sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) sulfuric acid leaching: mixing the electroplating sludge with water, adding sulfuric acid under stirring, and adjusting the pH value to 1.5-1.8 to obtain a leaching solution;
(2) removing sand and stone and mud: filter-pressing the leaching solution to obtain primary filtrate and insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone, slurry and the like;
(3) removing chromium and iron metals: adding alkali liquor into the primary filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 3.5-4.5, and performing filter pressing to obtain metal precipitates containing chromium and iron and secondary filtrate;
(4) removing copper metal: adding alkali liquor into the secondary filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 5.3-5.8, and performing filter pressing to obtain a copper-containing metal precipitate and a tertiary filtrate;
(5) removing nickel metal: adding alkali liquor into the third-stage filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 7.8-8.4, and performing filter pressing to obtain nickel carbonate precipitate and a fourth-stage filtrate; carrying out secondary filter pressing on the fourth-stage filtrate to obtain a nickel-containing metal precipitate and tail water;
(6) recycling tail water: and recycling tail water to leach the electroplating sludge.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sulfuric acid has strong acidity and strong oxidizing property, the sulfuric acid can be used for dissolving chromium, iron, copper, nickel and other metals in the electroplating sludge to form a metal leaching solution, the leaching rate is high, and insoluble substances such as sand, stone and slurry can form filter residues in the filter pressing process, so that the chromium, iron, copper, nickel and other metals are separated from the sand, stone and slurry, and the subsequent separation and recovery of the chromium, iron, copper, nickel and other metals are facilitated. Utilize alkali lye to adjust the PH of leachate, under the different PH states, different metals can appear with the sedimentation state, thereby can adjust the pH valve of solution promptly through adjusting different pH values and accomplish the hierarchical recovery of different metals, make the impurity that contains in the metal deposit after retrieving few, the metal utilization rate of recovery is high, and only need add alkali lye to carry out the chemical replacement reaction and realize chromium in the whole process, iron, copper, the recovery of metals such as nickel, low in production cost, and do not produce waste gas in the course of the technology, waste water and waste residue, environmental protection, the waste of pollution and resource has been reduced.
Optionally, the alkali liquor added in the steps 3, 4 and 5 is made of sodium carbonate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, sodium carbonate can take place hydrolysis after dissolving in water, and the bicarbonate ion is combined into to the carbonate ion of ionization and aquatic, leads to hydrogen ion to reduce in the solution, remains the hydroxyl ion of ionization, and then the solution can be alkaline, can play the effect of adjusting solution PH. When the hydroxide ions in the aqueous solution are increased, the hydroxide ions can be combined with trivalent chromium and trivalent iron to generate chromium hydroxide precipitate and ferric hydroxide precipitate, and the chromium hydroxide precipitate and the ferric hydroxide precipitate are easily separated after filter pressing, so that the recovery of chromium and iron metals is realized. The sodium carbonate has low cost, does not produce waste gas and waste water which pollute the environment, and is environment-friendly.
Optionally, the alkali liquor added in the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 is a mixture of sodium carbonate and waste alkali liquor.
By adopting the technical scheme, the waste alkali liquor is petrochemicalIn the production process, NaOH solution is adopted to absorb H2S, washing oil products and pyrolysis gas with alkali to generate waste liquid containing a large amount of pollutants. The waste alkali liquor has strong alkalinity and can play a role in quickly adjusting the pH value of the solution. The sodium carbonate is hydrolyzed when meeting water, bicarbonate ions are generated in the water solution, and the effect of regulating the PH value can be achieved. The waste alkali liquor also contains a small amount of S-、OH-In the aqueous solution, the chromium, the iron, the copper and the nickel can be used for generating salt precipitation or chromium hydroxide precipitation and iron hydroxide precipitation, so that the metals are separated and recovered.
Optionally, the tail water in the step 6 can be recycled to the step 2 to wash insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone and slurry, and the washing liquid flows back to be mixed with the tail water.
By adopting the technical scheme, the tail water can be recycled to dissolve the electroplating sludge and wash insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone and slurry again, so that some metal elements remained in the insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone and slurry can be recycled again, and the metal leaching rate and the recovery rate in the electroplating sludge are high.
In a second aspect, the application provides a comprehensive recovery system for electroplating sludge, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive recovery system for electroplating sludge comprises a stirring tank, a process tank and a filter press, wherein a first stirrer is arranged in the stirring tank, and a second stirrer is arranged in the process tank; the first stirrer comprises a motor, a stirring shaft and stirring blades, wherein the stirring blades are arranged in a plurality of groups and are all fixed on the stirring shaft, a sleeve is sleeved outside the stirring shaft, a plurality of filter screens are arranged outside the sleeve and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the axis of the sleeve, a transmission mechanism is arranged between each filter screen and the sleeve, the transmission mechanism is arranged along the axial direction of the stirring shaft, a driving mechanism is arranged at one end, close to the motor, of the stirring shaft, and the driving mechanism is connected with the transmission mechanism and controls the transmission of the transmission mechanism.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first stirrer is used for stirring the electroplating sludge in the stirring tank to disperse blocky electroplating sludge, then the slurry is conveyed to the filter press for filter pressing, and the filter liquor after filter pressing is then introduced into the process tank for heavy metal recovery treatment. The filter screen in the stirring pond can reciprocate along the sleeve under actuating mechanism and drive mechanism's drive to drive the ascending such as rubble, the sand grain of large granule in the electroplating sludge behind the dispersion, reduce the large granule material that lets in the filter press, play the effect of protection pressure filter, the life of extension pressure filter can promote the filter-pressing effect of pressure filter simultaneously.
Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, a connecting shaft and a first bevel gear assembly, the first gear is fixed on the stirring shaft and is coaxially arranged with the stirring shaft, the second gear is engaged with the first gear, the connecting shaft is connected with the first bevel gear assembly and the second gear, and one side of the first bevel gear assembly, which is far away from the second gear, is connected with the transmission mechanism.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first gear is fixed on the stirring shaft, the stirring shaft can drive the first gear to rotate so as to drive the second gear meshed with the first gear to rotate, and then the second gear and the first bevel gear component drive the transmission mechanism to transmit, so that the up-and-down lifting of the filter screen is realized, and further the waste with larger volume in the electroplating sludge in the stirring tank is driven to ascend, thereby facilitating the collection and treatment of large-volume waste and avoiding the influence on the use of the filter press after the large-volume waste enters the filter press; and because the filter screen can drive the liquid in the stirring tank to flow by the vertical lifting, the electroplating sludge in the stirring tank can be dispersed.
Optionally, the transmission mechanism includes a first auxiliary shaft and a first belt, the first auxiliary shaft is perpendicular to the connecting shaft, one end of the first auxiliary shaft is connected with the first bevel gear assembly, the other end of the first auxiliary shaft is connected with the first belt, and the filter screen is connected to the first belt.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rotation of first auxiliary shaft can drive first belt transmission to drive the filter screen oscilaltion.
Optionally, the driving mechanism further comprises a second bevel gear assembly, the second bevel gear assembly is connected to the connecting shaft, the transmission mechanism further comprises a second auxiliary shaft and a second belt, the driving mechanism further comprises a second bevel gear assembly, the first bevel gear assembly is fixed to the connecting shaft, the second auxiliary shaft is connected to the second bevel gear assembly, the second auxiliary shaft is perpendicular to the connecting shaft, and the filter screen is connected to the second belt.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rotation of second auxiliary shaft can drive the transmission of second belt, can with first auxiliary shaft and first belt combined action, the oscilaltion of supplementary filter screen.
Optionally, the stirring blade includes a first blade and a second blade, the end of the first blade far away from the stirring shaft is inclined upwards, and the end of the second blade far away from the stirring shaft is inclined downwards.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first blade and second blade produce the vortex easily when the pivoted, help strengthening the mobility of liquid in the stirring pond, help electroplating sludge's dispersion in the stirring pond.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. by adding the materials step by step and adjusting the PH of the leaching solution, the metals such as chromium, iron, copper, nickel and the like in the electroplating sludge can be recycled step by step, so that the discharge of wastewater and waste residues containing heavy metal elements is reduced, the metals such as chromium, iron, copper, nickel and the like can be recycled in a grading manner, and the metal utilization rate is high;
2. by the tail water recycling process, some metal elements remained in insoluble waste residues such as sand and stone, mud and the like can be recycled, so that the leaching rate and the recovery rate of metals in the electroplating sludge can be effectively improved;
3. the effect of collecting bulky waste materials in the stirring process can be realized through the cooperation of (mixing) shaft, filter screen, actuating mechanism and drive mechanism, the influence of bulky cubic material to the pressure filter is reduced, the mobility of liquid in the stirring pond is helped improving simultaneously, and the dispersion of electroplating sludge in the stirring pond is effectual.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for comprehensively recovering electroplating sludge;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the first agitator;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a stirring blade;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the sleeve and the filter screen;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the drive mechanism;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the transmission mechanism.
Reference numerals: 1. a feeding mechanism; 2. a stirring tank; 21. a support plate; 22. a sleeve; 23. a filter screen; 3. a process pool; 4. a filter press; 5. a first stirrer; 51. a motor; 52. a stirring shaft; 53. a stirring blade; 531. a first blade; 532. a second blade; 6. a second agitator; 7. a drive mechanism; 71. a first gear; 72. a second gear; 73. a connecting shaft; 74. a first bevel gear assembly; 75. a second bevel gear assembly; 76. a support bar; 8. a transmission mechanism; 81. a first auxiliary shaft; 82. a first belt; 83. a fixed shaft; 84. a second auxiliary shaft; 85. a second belt.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-7.
The embodiment of the application discloses a comprehensive recovery process of electroplating sludge. Referring to fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
(1) sulfuric acid leaching: conveying the solid electroplating sludge into a stirring tank 2 through a feeding mechanism 1 to be mixed with water, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio is 2-2.5, stirring for 30-40 minutes at normal temperature, mixing and diluting sulfuric acid and waste acid liquor, and adding mixed liquid of the sulfuric acid and the waste acid liquor under the stirring condition to adjust the pH of liquid in the stirring tank 2 to be 1.5-1.8 to obtain leachate.
Wherein, the sulfuric acid adopts concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, which not only can adjust the ph of the liquid, but also can oxidize part of ferrous ions in the leaching solution into ferric ions.
The waste acid solution refers to sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid and the like, and has wide sources, for example, the waste acid solution containing iron ions, zinc ions and manganese ions is generated by adopting hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid to carry out surface cleaning in the production process of steel product industry; the stainless steel pickling industry can respectively adopt sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid to carry out surface cleaning, and waste acid liquid containing iron ions, nickel ions and chromium ions is generated. The collected waste acid liquid is applied to the electroplating sludge recovery process, so that the effect of adjusting the ph of the liquid can be achieved, the input of concentrated sulfuric acid is saved, the cost is saved, the waste acid liquid containing heavy metals such as iron, zinc, chromium, nickel and the like is recycled, the discharge of waste water containing heavy metals can be reduced, and the content of the recovered iron, zinc, chromium, nickel and the like is improved.
(2) Removing sand and stone and mud: and (4) carrying out filter pressing on the leaching solution by a filter press 4 to obtain primary filtrate and insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone, slurry and the like.
(3) Removing chromium and iron metals: adding alkali liquor into the primary filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 3.5-4.5, performing filter pressing, generating cadmium hydroxide precipitate and ferric hydroxide precipitate from chromium ions and iron ions in the primary filtrate, and performing filter pressing to obtain metal precipitate containing chromium and iron and secondary filtrate.
Wherein, the alkali liquor can be prepared by adopting sodium carbonate; or the sodium carbonate and the waste alkali liquor can be mixed to prepare the sodium carbonate/waste alkali liquor, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium carbonate to the waste alkali liquor is 1: (1-3).
(4) Removing copper metal: adding alkali liquor into the secondary filtrate, adjusting the pH to 5.3-5.8, generating copper carbonate, copper sulfide, copper hydroxide and other precipitates from copper ions in the secondary filtrate, and performing filter pressing to obtain a copper-containing metal precipitate and a tertiary filtrate;
wherein, the alkali liquor can be prepared by adopting sodium carbonate; or the sodium carbonate and the waste alkali liquor can be mixed to prepare the sodium carbonate/waste alkali liquor, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium carbonate to the waste alkali liquor is 3: (1-3).
(5) Removing nickel metal: adding alkali liquor into the third-stage filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 7.8-8.4, generating nickel carbonate, nickel hydroxide, nickel sulfide and other precipitates from nickel ions in the third-stage filtrate, and performing filter pressing to obtain a nickel carbonate precipitate and a fourth-stage filtrate; carrying out secondary filter pressing on the fourth-stage filtrate to obtain a nickel-containing metal precipitate and tail water;
wherein, the alkali liquor can be prepared by adopting sodium carbonate; or the sodium carbonate and the waste alkali liquor can be mixed to prepare the sodium carbonate/waste alkali liquor, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium carbonate to the waste alkali liquor is 2: (1-5).
(6) Recycling tail water: and (3) recycling the tail water to the leaching of the electroplating sludge in the step (1) and the washing of insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone and slurry in the step (2), refluxing the washing liquid to be mixed with the tail water, and performing wastewater treatment on the surplus tail water to discharge after reaching the standard.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a comprehensive recovery system for electroplating sludge. Referring to fig. 2, the device comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a stirring tank 2, a process tank 3 and a filter press 4. The feeding mechanism 1 is a conveying belt and can convey solid electroplating sludge into the stirring tank 2, and the stirring tank 2 is used for leaching the electroplating sludge to obtain a leaching solution; the process tank 3 is used for forming metal precipitates; the filter press 4 is used for filter pressing of each solution in the stirring tank 2 and the process tank 3 to separate each metal precipitate.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first stirrer 5 is provided in the stirring tank 2, and can stir the electroplating sludge in the stirring tank 2, thereby improving the dispersion effect of the electroplating sludge in the stirring tank 2. The upper end face of the stirring pool 2 is provided with a supporting plate 21 for supporting the first stirrer 5, the first stirrer 5 comprises a motor 51, a stirring shaft 52 and stirring blades 53, the motor 51 is fixed on the upper end face of the supporting plate 21, the stirring shaft 52 and the stirring blades 53 are connected on a motor shaft of the motor 51, the stirring shaft 52 can be driven to rotate through the motor 51, the stirring blades 53 are provided in plurality, and each stirring blade 53 is fixed on the stirring shaft 52 and can rotate together with the stirring shaft 52, so that the dispersion of electroplating sludge is facilitated.
A second stirrer 6 is arranged in the process tank 3, and the second stirrer 6 and the first stirrer 5 have the same structure and are made of the same material. The upper end face of the process pool 3 is also provided with a supporting plate 21 for supporting the second stirrer 6, and the second stirrer 6 rotates in the process pool 3, so that the dispersion of metal precipitates in the solution in the process pool 3 is facilitated, the metal precipitates are prevented from being deposited at the bottom of the pool, and the recovery rate of metal is ensured.
Referring to fig. 4, the agitating blade 53 includes a first blade 531 and a second blade 532. Wherein, the first blade 531 and the second blade 532 are both provided in plurality, and the first blade 531 and the second blade 532 are distributed along the axial direction of the stirring shaft 52. The end of the first blade 531, which is far away from the stirring shaft 52, is obliquely arranged upwards, the end of the second blade 532, which is far away from the stirring shaft 52, is obliquely arranged downwards, and when the first stirrer 5 and the second stirrer 6 work, the first blade 531 and the second blade 532 are easy to generate vortex when rotating, so that the liquidity of the liquid in the stirring pool 2 is enhanced, and the dispersion effect of each precipitate in the liquid in the stirring pool 2 and the process pool 3 is good.
Referring to fig. 5, a sleeve 22 and a filter screen 23 are provided in the agitation tank 2. Wherein, the sleeve 22 is fixed at the bottom of the stirring pool 2, the sleeve 22 is positioned at the outer peripheral side of the first stirrer 5, meshes are uniformly distributed on the sleeve 22, and sand, stone, slurry and the like can pass through the meshes on the sleeve 22 in the stirring process of the first stirrer 5.
The filter screen 23 is arranged between the sleeve 22 and the side wall of the stirring tank 2, and meshes are uniformly distributed on the filter screen 23, so that sand, stone and the like are not easy to pass through the meshes on the filter screen 23.
Still be provided with actuating mechanism 7 and drive mechanism 8 in stirring pond 2, actuating mechanism 7 and drive mechanism 8 cooperation can drive filter screen 23 oscilaltion, make things convenient for the staff in the stirring in-process or stir in time after finishing to collect insoluble waste residue such as gravel and sand and mud after the electroplating sludge dispersion, reduce the influence of insoluble waste residue to pressure filter 4.
The filter screens 23 are provided with a plurality of filter screens 23, each filter screen 23 is uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve 22, the adjacent filter screens 23 are spliced, and each filter screen 23 is driven to ascend and descend by the corresponding transmission mechanism 8.
Referring to fig. 6, the driving mechanism 7 includes a first gear 71, a second gear 72, a connecting shaft 73, a first bevel gear assembly 74, a second bevel gear assembly 75, and a support rod 76. Wherein, the first gear 71 is sleeved on the stirring shaft 52, and the first gear 71 rotates along with the rotation of the stirring shaft 52; the connecting shaft 73 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the connecting shaft 73 is rotatably connected with the supporting plate 21, the second gear 72, the driving gear of the first bevel gear assembly 74 and the driving gear of the second bevel gear assembly 75 are sleeved on the connecting shaft 73, the second gear 72 is meshed with the first gear 71, namely, the first gear 71 rotates to drive the second gear 72 and the connecting shaft 73 to rotate, and further, the driving gear of the first bevel gear assembly 74 and the driving gear of the second bevel gear assembly 75 are driven to rotate.
The support rod 76 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the support rod 76 is fixedly connected with the support plate 21, and a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are formed in the support rod 76.
Referring to fig. 7, the transmission mechanism 8 includes a first auxiliary shaft 81, a first belt 82, a fixed shaft 83, a second auxiliary shaft 84, and a second belt 85. Wherein, first mounting hole is passed to the one end of first auxiliary shaft 81 and with first bevel gear subassembly 74 from driving wheel fixed connection, and first auxiliary shaft 81 rotates with bracing piece 76 to be connected, first belt 82 wears to establish the one end that first auxiliary shaft 81 kept away from first bevel gear subassembly 74, the one end of fixed axle 83 rotates with the lateral wall of stirring pond 2 to be connected, the other end rotates with sleeve 22 to be connected, and fixed axle 83 and first auxiliary shaft 81 one end that first auxiliary shaft 81 was kept away from to first belt 82 wear to establish fixed axle 83, can drive first auxiliary shaft 81 through first bevel gear subassembly 74 and rotate, and then drive the transmission of first belt 82.
One end of the second auxiliary shaft 84 passes through the second mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the driven wheel of the second bevel gear assembly 75, the second auxiliary shaft 84 is rotatably connected with the support rod 76, the second belt 85 passes through the end, away from the second auxiliary shaft 84, of the second auxiliary shaft 84, the end, away from the second bevel gear assembly 75, of the second belt 85, the fixed shaft 83 passes through the end, away from the second auxiliary shaft 84, of the second belt 85, the second auxiliary shaft 84 can be driven to rotate through the second bevel gear assembly 75, and then the second belt 85 is driven to transmit.
Each filter screen 23 can be connected with the corresponding first belt 82 and the second belt 85, so that the filter screens 23 are driven to ascend and descend by the first belt 82 and the second belt 85. The motor 51 of first agitator 5 can clockwise and anticlockwise reciprocating rotation when initial stirring to drive filter screen 23 through actuating mechanism 7 and drive mechanism 8 and carry out reciprocating's oscilaltion motion, help strengthening the mobility of liquid in the stirring pond 2, the dispersion effect of electroplating sludge in stirring pond 2 is better.
The implementation principle of the comprehensive recovery system for electroplating sludge in the embodiment of the application is as follows: blocky electroplating sludge is conveyed into a stirring pool 2 through a feeding mechanism 1, the electroplating sludge in the stirring pool 2 is stirred and driven by a first stirrer 5 to be mixed with water and acid liquor to form leaching solution, a filter screen 23 is driven by a driving mechanism 7 and a transmission mechanism 8 to lift up and down, and workers can take out part of insoluble waste residues such as sand, mud and the like on the filter screen 23; then, the leachate in the stirring tank 2 is introduced into a filter press 4 for filter pressing, so that insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone, slurry and the like in the liquid are further reduced; and then introducing filtrate generated by filter pressing of the filter press 4 into the process pool 3, adding alkali liquor into the process pool 3, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate in the process pool 3, thereby extracting and recovering iron, chromium, copper and nickel metals in the electroplating sludge.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The comprehensive recovery process of electroplating sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) sulfuric acid leaching: mixing the electroplating sludge with water, adding sulfuric acid under stirring, and adjusting the pH value to 1.5-1.8 to obtain a leaching solution;
2) removing sand and stone and mud: filter-pressing the leaching solution to obtain primary filtrate and insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone, slurry and the like;
3) removing chromium and iron metals: adding alkali liquor into the primary filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 3.5-4.5, and performing filter pressing to obtain metal precipitates containing chromium and iron and secondary filtrate;
4) removing copper metal: adding alkali liquor into the secondary filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 5.3-5.8, and performing filter pressing to obtain a copper-containing metal precipitate and a tertiary filtrate;
5) removing nickel metal: adding alkali liquor into the third-stage filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 7.8-8.4, and performing filter pressing to obtain nickel carbonate precipitate and a fourth-stage filtrate; carrying out secondary filter pressing on the fourth-stage filtrate to obtain a nickel-containing metal precipitate and tail water;
6) recycling tail water: and recycling tail water to leach the electroplating sludge.
2. The electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the alkali liquor added in the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 is prepared by adopting sodium carbonate.
3. The electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the alkali liquor added in the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 is a mixture of sodium carbonate and waste alkali liquor.
4. The electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) the tail water in the step (6) can be recycled to the step (2) for washing insoluble waste residues such as sand, stone, slurry and the like, and the washing liquid is refluxed and mixed with the tail water.
5. The utility model provides an electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery system which characterized in that: the device comprises a stirring pool (2), a process pool (3) and a filter press (4), wherein a first stirrer (5) is arranged in the stirring pool (2), and a second stirrer (6) is arranged in the process pool (3); the first stirrer (5) comprises a motor (51), a stirring shaft (52) and stirring blades (53), wherein the stirring blades (53) are arranged in a plurality, the stirring blades (53) are fixed on the stirring shaft (52), a sleeve (22) is sleeved outside the stirring shaft (52), a plurality of filter screens (23) are arranged outside the sleeve (22), the filter screens (23) are circumferentially arranged along the axis of the sleeve (22), a transmission mechanism (8) is arranged between each filter screen (23) and the sleeve (22), the transmission mechanism (8) is arranged along the axis of the stirring shaft (52), a driving mechanism (7) is arranged at one end, close to the motor (51), of the stirring shaft (52), and the driving mechanism (7) is connected with the transmission mechanism (8) and controls the transmission of the transmission mechanism (8).
6. The electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery system according to claim 5, wherein: the driving mechanism (7) comprises a first gear (71), a second gear (72), a connecting shaft (73) and a first bevel gear component (74), the first gear (71) is fixed on the stirring shaft (52) and is coaxially arranged with the stirring shaft (52), the second gear (72) is meshed with the first gear (71), the connecting shaft (73) is connected with the first bevel gear component (74) and the second gear (72), and one side, far away from the second gear (72), of the first bevel gear component (74) is connected with the transmission mechanism (8).
7. The electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery system according to claim 6, wherein: the transmission mechanism (8) comprises a first auxiliary shaft (81) and a first belt (82), the first auxiliary shaft (81) is perpendicular to the connecting shaft (73), one end of the first auxiliary shaft (81) is connected with the first bevel gear assembly (74), the other end of the first auxiliary shaft is connected with the first belt (82), and the filter screen (23) is connected to the first belt (82).
8. The electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the transmission mechanism (8) further comprises a second auxiliary shaft (84) and a second belt (85), the second auxiliary shaft (84) is connected to the second bevel gear assembly (75), and the filter screen (23) is connected to the second belt (85).
9. The electroplating sludge comprehensive recovery system according to claim 5, wherein: the stirring blade (53) comprises a first blade (531) and a second blade (532), one end, far away from the stirring shaft (52), of the first blade (531) is arranged obliquely upwards, and one end, far away from the stirring shaft (52), of the second blade (532) is arranged obliquely downwards.
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