CN113215366B - Variable-diameter induction heating device for ratchet wheel and heating method thereof - Google Patents

Variable-diameter induction heating device for ratchet wheel and heating method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113215366B
CN113215366B CN202110473186.2A CN202110473186A CN113215366B CN 113215366 B CN113215366 B CN 113215366B CN 202110473186 A CN202110473186 A CN 202110473186A CN 113215366 B CN113215366 B CN 113215366B
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ratchet wheel
heating
motor
heating plate
ratchet
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CN113215366A (en
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李大龙
汪银松
李良机
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Hefei Longzhi Electromechanical Technology Co ltd
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Yanshan University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42—Induction heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/14—Tools, e.g. nozzles, rollers, calenders
    • H05B6/145—Heated rollers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a variable-diameter induction heating device for a ratchet wheel and a heating method thereof, and the variable-diameter induction heating device comprises a workbench, a rotating device, a lifting device, a ratchet mechanism, an annular track and a heating device, wherein the rotating device is arranged on the workbench, the lifting device is arranged above the rotating device, the ratchet mechanism is arranged on the lifting platform, the annular track is fixedly arranged on the workbench through a support rod, a plurality of heating devices are uniformly distributed on the annular track, the heating device comprises a connecting rod, a heating plate, a connecting sliding block, a telescopic rod piece and an insulating rod piece, the first end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with a connecting rod fixing disc, the second end of the connecting rod is connected with the connecting sliding block, the insulating rod piece is arranged at the top of the connecting sliding block, the heating plate is arranged on the insulating rod piece, and the telescopic rod piece is uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the annular track. The heating plate is designed into the shape similar to the shape of the ratchet wheel teeth to be heated, so that the surface to be processed of the ratchet wheel is uniformly heated, and simultaneously, the processing of the ratchet wheels with different radiuses can be realized.

Description

Variable-diameter induction heating device for ratchet wheel and heating method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to a reducing type induction heating device for a ratchet wheel and a heating method thereof.
Background
Heat treatment is one of the important processes in the manufacturing process of mechanical parts. In general, it can ensure and raise various properties of workpiece, such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., and can improve the structure and stress state of blank so as to make it favourable for various cold and hot working. The ratchet wheel structure has wide application in various machines, and the ratchet wheel structure has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in production, credible movement, adjustable turning angle of the ratchet wheel and the like. The traditional heat treatment mode is to heat the surface by flame, but has the defects of easy overheating of the surface, higher cost, larger pollution and low efficiency. The induction quenching has the advantages of rapid heating, small heat loss, high thermal efficiency, easy automation and the like, and is widely applied. Therefore, a heating device for a tooth-shaped ratchet wheel is needed, which can heat the ratchet wheel, make the hardening depth of the working tooth surface area of the ratchet wheel basically the same, improve the heating quality, improve the wear resistance of the ratchet wheel and prolong the service life of the ratchet wheel.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the invention provides a variable-diameter induction heating device for a ratchet and a heating method thereof, which solve the problems of low ratchet heating efficiency, easy overheating of the surface and the like.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the reducing type induction heating device for the ratchet comprises a workbench, a rotating device, a lifting device, a ratchet mechanism, an annular track and a heating device, wherein the rotating device is arranged on the workbench and comprises a rotating shell, a first lead screw, a lead screw end cap, a first motor and a connecting rod fixing disc, the rotating shell is fixedly connected with the workbench through a plurality of connecting pins uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shell, the first motor is arranged in the rotating shell, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with a first end of the first lead screw through a coupling, a second end of the first lead screw is supported on a motor placing platform of the lifting device through the lead screw end cap, the connecting rod fixing disc is arranged on the first lead screw, and the connecting rod fixing disc is in threaded connection with the first lead screw through a disc connecting hole arranged in the middle of the connecting rod fixing disc Connecting in a rotating way; the lifting device is arranged above the rotating device and comprises a motor placing platform, a second motor, a driving gear, a driven gear, a second lead screw and a lifting platform, a plurality of lifting support rods are uniformly distributed on the motor placing platform, the lifting support plate is arranged on the lifting support rod, the second motor is arranged on the motor placing platform, and the motor output shaft of the second motor passes through the lifting support plate to be connected with the driving gear, the driven gear is rotatably arranged on the lifting support plate through a support shaft, the driven gears are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the driving gear, the driving gear is in meshing transmission with the driven gears, the driven gear is provided with the second lead screw, and the first end of the second lead screw penetrates through a platform connecting hole in the lifting platform and is in spiral connection with the lifting platform; the ratchet mechanism is arranged on the lifting platform and comprises a ratchet fixing shaft and a ratchet wheel, the first end of the ratchet fixing shaft is connected with the lifting support plate, and a plurality of ratchet wheels are uniformly distributed at the second end of the ratchet fixing shaft; the circular orbit is fixed to be located through the bracing piece on the workstation, just the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of heating device on the circular orbit, heating device is including connecting rod, hot plate, link block, flexible member and insulating member, the first end of connecting rod with the fixed disc of connecting rod rotates to be connected, just the second end of connecting rod with link block's bottom is connected, link block's top is equipped with insulating member, just be equipped with on the insulating member the hot plate, flexible member equipartition is located circular orbit's medial surface, just the first end of flexible member with circular orbit fixed connection, flexible member's second end with link block's side is connected.
Further, the hot plate includes first hot plate, second hot plate and connecting plate, the first end of first hot plate with insulating member connects, just the second end of first hot plate passes through the second hot plate with the first end of connecting plate is connected, just the second end of connecting plate with insulating member connects.
Preferably, the hot plate can stretch into the ratchet teeth of a cogwheel department of ratchet, just first hot plate and second hot plate can be pressed close to respectively the side portion and the terminal surface portion of the ratchet teeth of a cogwheel, just first hot plate with the side portion of the ratchet teeth of a cogwheel is parallel, the second hot plate with the terminal surface portion of the ratchet teeth of a cogwheel is parallel.
Preferably, the first end of the first heating plate of the heating plate and the second end of the connecting plate are both bent close to the middle portion of the heating plate.
Preferably, the height of the heating plate is smaller than the tooth width of the ratchet wheel.
Preferably, the heating device further comprises a first infrared temperature measurement camera, a second infrared temperature measurement camera and a third infrared temperature measurement camera, and the first infrared temperature measurement camera, the second infrared temperature measurement camera and the third infrared temperature measurement camera are all arranged on the workbench.
Preferably, the central line axis of the first lead screw, the motor output shaft of the second motor and the central line axis of the ratchet wheel fixing shaft are collinear.
In another aspect of the present invention, a heating method for the variable diameter induction heating apparatus of the ratchet is provided, which includes the following steps:
s1, sequentially mounting the ratchet wheels to be heated on the ratchet wheel fixing shaft, and fixing the ratchet wheel fixing shaft on the lifting platform;
s2, starting the second motor, and moving the first ratchet wheel to be heated to the upper part of the heating device through the lifting device;
s3, starting the first motor, and adjusting the distance from the heating device to the ratchet wheel teeth to enable the heating plate to be close to the ratchet wheel teeth;
s4, equally dividing the tooth width of the ratchet wheel tooth into the upper part and the lower part of the wheel tooth;
s5, starting the second motor, driving the grooved pulley to move upwards through the lifting platform, enabling the upper part of the ratchet wheel tooth to correspond to the heating plate, electrifying the heating plate, and heating the side surface part and the end surface part of the ratchet wheel tooth through the heating plate;
s6, measuring the temperature T of any two points on the upper end face of the gear tooth through the first infrared temperature measuring cameraA1、TA2Simultaneously, the temperature value T of any two points on the upper end surface of the gear tooth is measured by the second infrared temperature measuring cameraB1、TB2Calculating Δ T1＝|TA1-TB1|、ΔT2＝|TA2-TB2And judging whether the temperature difference Delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2Less than or equal to 200 ℃, if the temperature difference delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2If the temperature difference between the two points is less than or equal to 200 ℃, executing the step S71> 100 ℃ and. DELTA.T2When the temperature is higher than 200 ℃, the upper part of the gear teeth is continuously heated until the temperature difference delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2And (5) carrying out the next step at the temperature of less than or equal to 200 ℃.
S7, starting the second motor, driving the grooved pulley to move upwards through the lifting platform, enabling the lower part of the ratchet wheel tooth to correspond to the heating plate, electrifying the heating plate, and heating the side surface part and the end surface part of the ratchet wheel tooth through the heating plate;
s8, measuring the temperature T of any two points on the end surface of the lower part of the gear tooth through the third infrared temperature measuring cameraC1、TC2Calculating Δ T3＝|TB1-TC1|、ΔT4＝|TB2-TC2And judging whether the temperature difference Delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4Not more than 80 ℃, if the temperature difference delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4If the temperature difference between the two points is less than or equal to 80 ℃, executing the step S9, if the temperature difference between the two points is delta T3> 80 ℃ and Delta T4If the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, the lower part of the gear tooth is continuously heated until the temperature difference delta T between the two points is reached3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4And (5) carrying out the next step at the temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃.
S9, starting the second motor, adjusting the position of the lifting platform by driving the driving gear, the driven gear and the second lead screw, and moving the next ratchet wheel to be heated to the upper part of the heating device;
s10, repeating the steps S2 to S9 until the whole ratchet wheel is heated.
Preferably, the plurality of heating devices arranged on the circular track are connected in parallel, and the heating current of each heating device is equal.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that:
1. according to the variable-diameter induction heating device for the ratchet wheel and the heating method thereof, the heating plate is designed into the shape similar to the shape of the ratchet wheel to be heated, the constant distance between the heating plate and the tooth surface is ensured through the matching of the motor, the heating plate is always kept parallel to the machining-substituted surface of the ratchet wheel to be heated when the heating plate is adjusted to the specified position, so that the machining-substituted surface is uniformly heated, and the uniformity of the depth of a hardening layer of the machining surface is ensured.
2. According to the variable-diameter induction heating device for the ratchet wheel and the heating method thereof, the motor is adopted to control the lead screw, the lead screw drives the connecting rod fixing device to realize variable diameter, the heating workpiece can be accurately replaced, the problems that the heating device is detached for many times in the heating process, the maintenance is difficult and the like are solved, the lifting structure formed by the gear lead screw is simple and convenient, and the work of replacing the heating workpiece is facilitated.
3. According to the variable-diameter induction heating device for the ratchet wheel and the heating method thereof, the heating plate is connected to the connecting slide block, the movement of the heating device is controlled by utilizing the lifting of the connecting rod fixing disc, and meanwhile, the heating plate can be replaced, so that the ratchet wheel with different radiuses can be processed, and the variable diameter is realized.
4. According to the variable-diameter induction heating device for the ratchet wheel and the heating method thereof, temperature measurement is performed through the infrared camera, feedback control is performed on the motor below, and the problems of surface overheating, low heat efficiency and the like caused by traditional flame heating are effectively avoided or reduced.
5. According to the variable-diameter induction heating device for the ratchet wheel and the heating method thereof, the motor is accurately and quickly controlled, the heating starting position, the heating ending position, the heating time and the movement speed can be changed, the influence caused by the end surface effect in the prior art is effectively avoided or reduced, the quenching temperature of the side surface part and the end surface part of the ratchet wheel, the depth uniformity of a quenched layer and the service life of the ratchet wheel are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a variable diameter induction heating device for a ratchet according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of a variable diameter induction heating apparatus for a ratchet according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the ratchet of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the heating plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the upper portion a of a heated gear tooth of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the lower portion b of a heating gear tooth of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a heating method of the present invention.
The main reference numbers:
a work table 1; a support rod 2; a rotating housing 3; a connecting rod 4; an endless track 5; a telescopic rod member 6; a heating plate 7; a first heating plate 71; a second heated plate 72; a connecting plate 73; a ratchet 8; ratchet gear teeth 81; side surface part 82; an end surface portion 83; a ratchet wheel fixing shaft 9; a connecting rod fixing disc 10; a first lead screw 11; a lead screw end cap 12; a motor placement platform 13; a second electric machine 14; a lifting support rod 15; a driven gear 16; a second lead screw 17; a connecting slide block 18; a lifting support plate 19; a lifting platform 20; a drive gear 21; a motor output shaft 22; a first infrared temperature measurement camera 23; a second infrared temperature measurement camera 24; a third infrared temperature measurement camera 25; an insulating rod member 26; a first motor 27.
Detailed Description
The technical contents, structural features, attained objects and effects of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a reducing type induction heating device for a ratchet wheel, as shown in figures 1 and 2, which comprises a workbench 1, a rotating device, a lifting device, a ratchet mechanism, an annular track 5 and a heating device, wherein the rotating device is arranged on the workbench 1, and the rotating device comprises a rotating shell 3, a first lead screw 11, a lead screw end cap 12, a first motor 27 and a connecting rod fixing disc 10, the rotating shell 3 is fixedly connected with the workbench 1 through a plurality of connecting pins which are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shell 3, and a first motor 27 is arranged in the rotating shell 3, the output shaft of the first motor 27 is connected with the first end of the first lead screw 11 through a coupling, and the second end of the first lead screw 11 is supported on a motor placing platform 13 of the lifting device through a lead screw end cap 12, the connecting rod fixing disc 10 is arranged on the first lead screw 11, the connecting rod fixing disc 10 is in spiral connection with the first lead screw 11 through a disc connecting hole arranged in the middle of the connecting rod fixing disc 10; the lifting device is arranged above the rotating device and comprises a motor placing platform 13, a second motor 14, a driving gear 21, a driven gear 16, a second lead screw 17 and a lifting platform 20, a plurality of lifting support rods 15 are uniformly distributed on the motor placing platform 13, lifting support plates 19 are arranged on the lifting support rods 15, the second motor 14 is arranged on the motor placing platform 13, a motor output shaft 22 of the second motor 14 penetrates through the lifting support plates 19 to be connected with the driving gear 21, the driven gear 16 is rotatably arranged on the lifting support plates 19 through a support shaft, the driven gear 16 is uniformly distributed on the side surface of the driving gear 21, the driving gear 21 is in meshing transmission with the driven gear 16, the driven gear 16 is provided with the second lead screw 17, and the first end of the second lead screw 17 penetrates through a platform connecting hole in the lifting platform 20 and is in threaded connection with the lifting platform 20; the ratchet mechanism is arranged on the lifting platform and comprises a ratchet fixing shaft 9 and a ratchet 8, the first end of the ratchet fixing shaft 9 is connected with the lifting support plate 19, and a plurality of ratchets 8 are uniformly distributed at the second end of the ratchet fixing shaft 9; annular track 5 is fixed on locating workstation 1 through bracing piece 2, and the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of heating device on the annular track 5, heating device is including connecting rod 4, hot plate 7, link block 18, flexible member 6 and insulating member 26, the first end of connecting rod 4 rotates with connecting rod fixed disk 10 to be connected, and the second end of connecting rod 4 is connected with link block 18's bottom, link block 18's top is equipped with insulating member 26, and be equipped with hot plate 7 on the insulating member 26, the medial surface of annular track 5 is located to flexible member 6 equipartition, and the first end and the annular track 5 fixed connection of flexible member 6, the second end of flexible member 6 is connected with link block 18's side.
Preferably, the centerline axis of the first lead screw 11, the motor output shaft of the second motor 14, and the centerline axis of the ratchet wheel fixing shaft 9 are all collinear.
As shown in fig. 3, the heating plate 7 includes a first heating plate 71, a second heating plate 72, and a connection plate 73, a first end of the first heating plate 71 is connected with the insulating rod 26, and a second end of the first heating plate 71 is connected with a first end of the connection plate 73 through the second heating plate 72, and a second end of the connection plate 73 is connected with the insulating rod 26.
As shown in fig. 3, the heating plate 7 can extend into the ratchet wheel teeth 81 of the ratchet wheel 8, and the first heating plate 71 and the second heating plate 72 can be close to the side surface portion 82 and the end surface portion 83 of the ratchet wheel teeth 81, respectively, and the first heating plate 71 is parallel to the side surface portion 82 of the ratchet wheel teeth 81, and the second heating plate 72 is parallel to the end surface portion 83 of the ratchet wheel teeth 81.
As shown in fig. 3, the first end of the first heating plate 71 of the heating plate 7 and the second end of the connecting plate 73 are both bent close to the middle portion of the heating plate 7, and the height of the heating plate 7 is smaller than the tooth width of the ratchet 8.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the heating device further includes a first infrared temperature measurement camera 23, a second infrared temperature measurement camera 24, and a third infrared temperature measurement camera 25, and the first infrared temperature measurement camera 23, the second infrared temperature measurement camera 24, and the third infrared temperature measurement camera 25 are all disposed on the worktable 1.
In another aspect of the present invention, a heating method for a variable diameter induction heating apparatus for a ratchet is provided, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, which includes the following steps:
s1, sequentially mounting the ratchet wheels to be heated on the ratchet wheel fixing shaft 9, and fixing the ratchet wheel fixing shaft 9 on the lifting platform 20;
s2, starting the second motor 14, and moving the first ratchet wheel 8 to be heated to the upper part of the heating device through the lifting device;
s3, starting the first motor 27, and adjusting the distance from the heating device to the ratchet wheel teeth 81 to enable the heating plate 7 to be close to the ratchet wheel teeth 81;
s4, equally dividing the tooth width of the ratchet wheel tooth 81 into a wheel tooth upper part a and a wheel tooth lower part b;
s5, starting the second motor 14, driving the sheave 8 to move upward through the lifting platform 20, so that the gear tooth upper portion a of the ratchet gear tooth 81 corresponds to the heating plate 7, and simultaneously, energizing the heating plate 7, and heating the side surface portion 82 and the end surface portion 83 of the ratchet gear tooth 81 through the heating plate 7, as shown in fig. 5;
s6, measuring the temperature T of any two points on the end surface a of the upper part of the gear tooth through the first infrared temperature measuring camera 23A1、TA2Meanwhile, the temperature value T of any two points on the end surface a of the upper part of the gear tooth is measured by the second infrared temperature measuring camera 24B1、TB2Calculating Δ T1＝|TA1-TB1|、ΔT2＝|TA2-TB2And judging whether the temperature difference Delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2Less than or equal to 200 ℃, if the temperature difference delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2If the temperature is less than or equal to 200 ℃, executing the step S7,if the temperature difference between two points is DeltaT1> 100 ℃ and. DELTA.T2When the temperature is higher than 200 ℃, the upper part a of the gear teeth is continuously heated until the temperature difference delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2And (5) carrying out the next step at the temperature of less than or equal to 200 ℃.
S7, starting the second motor 14, driving the sheave 8 to move upward through the lifting platform 20, so that the lower part b of the ratchet wheel tooth 81 corresponds to the heating plate 7, and simultaneously, energizing the heating plate 7, and heating the side surface part 82 and the end surface part 83 of the ratchet wheel tooth 81 through the heating plate 7, as shown in fig. 6;
s8, measuring the temperature T of any two points on the end surface of the lower part b of the gear tooth through the third infrared temperature measuring camera 25C1、TC2Calculating Δ T3＝|TB1-TC1|、ΔT4＝|TB2-TC2And judging whether the temperature difference Delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4Not more than 80 ℃, if the temperature difference delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4If the temperature difference between the two points is less than or equal to 80 ℃, executing the step S9, if the temperature difference between the two points is delta T3> 80 ℃ and Delta T4When the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, the lower part b of the gear teeth is continuously heated until the temperature difference delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4And (5) carrying out the next step at the temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃.
S9, starting the second motor 14, adjusting the position of the lifting platform 20 by driving the driving gear 21, the driven gear 16 and the second lead screw 17, and moving the next ratchet wheel 8 to be heated to the upper part of the heating device;
and S10, repeating the steps S2 to S9 until the whole ratchet 8 is heated.
Preferably, the plurality of heating devices arranged on the circular track 5 are connected in parallel, and the heating current of each heating device is equal.
The method comprises the following specific operation steps:
as shown in fig. 1 and 7, the variable diameter type induction heating apparatus for a ratchet and the heating method thereof provided by the present invention have the following working processes:
(1) before heating, the ratchet wheels to be heated are sequentially arranged on the ratchet wheel fixing shaft 9, and the ratchet wheel fixing shaft 9 is fixed on the lifting platform 20;
(2) starting a second motor 14, and moving the first ratchet wheel 8 to be heated to the position 15mm away from the upper end surface of the heating device at the speed of 20mm/s through a lifting device;
(3) starting the first motor 27, and adjusting the distance between the heating device and the X axis, namely the distance between the heating device and the ratchet wheel teeth 81, so that the distance between the heating plate 7 and the surface to be processed of the ratchet wheel 8 is 20 mm;
(4) recording the tooth width of the ratchet wheel teeth 81, namely the distance from the upper end surface to the lower end surface of the ratchet wheel 8 as L, and dividing L into two parts, namely a wheel tooth upper part a and a wheel tooth lower part b, wherein L is a + b;
(5) starting a second motor 14, driving a ratchet wheel fixing shaft 9 to move at a constant speed of 10-15mm/s in the Y-axis direction through a lifting platform 20, enabling the upper part a of the ratchet wheel teeth 81 to correspond to the heating plate 7, simultaneously electrifying the heating plate 7, and heating the side surface part 82 and the end surface part 83 of the ratchet wheel teeth 81 through the heating plate 7, wherein the static heating time is 10-15 s;
(6) the temperature value T of any two points on the end surface a of the upper part of the gear tooth is measured by the first infrared temperature measuring camera 23A1、TA2Meanwhile, the temperature value T of any two points on the end surface a of the upper part of the gear tooth is measured by the second infrared temperature measuring camera 24B1、TB2Calculating Δ T1＝|TA1-TB1|、ΔT2＝|TA2-TB2And judging whether the temperature difference Delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2Less than or equal to 200 ℃, if the temperature difference delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2Heating the lower part b of the gear teeth at the temperature of less than or equal to 200 ℃, and if the temperature difference between the two points is delta T1> 100 ℃ and. DELTA.T2When the temperature is higher than 200 ℃, the upper part a of the gear teeth is continuously heated until the temperature difference delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2When the temperature is less than or equal to 200 ℃, the heating work of the part a is completed;
(7) after the heating operation of the gear tooth upper part a is finished, the second motor 14 is started, the grooved pulley 8 is driven to move upwards through the lifting platform 20, so that the gear tooth lower part b of the ratchet gear tooth 81 corresponds to the heating plate 7, meanwhile, the heating plate 7 is electrified, the side part 82 and the end surface 83 of the ratchet gear tooth 81 are heated through the heating plate 7, and the static heating time is 10-15 s;
(8) the temperature value T of any two points on the end surface b of the lower part of the gear tooth is measured by the third infrared temperature measuring camera 25C1、TC2Calculating Δ T3＝|TB1-TC1|、ΔT4＝|TB2-TC2And judging whether the temperature difference Delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4Not more than 80 ℃, if the temperature difference delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4Heating the lower part b of the gear teeth at a temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃, and if the temperature difference between the two points is delta T3> 80 ℃ and Delta T4When the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, the lower part b of the gear teeth is continuously heated until the temperature difference delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4When the temperature is less than or equal to 80 ℃, the heating work of the first tooth-shaped ratchet wheel 8 is completed, wherein the compensation of 80 ℃ is set to effectively control the temperature difference between the upper part a of the gear tooth and the lower part b of the gear tooth, so that the hardening layers of the upper part a of the gear tooth and the lower part b of the gear tooth are uniform from top to bottom.
(9) Starting a second motor 14, adjusting the position of the lifting platform 20 by driving a driving gear 21, a driven gear 16 and a second lead screw 17, and moving the next ratchet wheel 8 to be heated to the upper part of the heating device;
(10) and (5) repeating the processes from (2) to (9) until the whole ratchet wheel 8 is heated.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A diameter-variable induction heating device for a ratchet wheel is characterized by comprising a workbench, a rotating device, a lifting device, a ratchet wheel mechanism, an annular track and a heating device,
the rotating device is arranged on the workbench and comprises a rotating shell, a first lead screw, a lead screw end cap, a first motor and a connecting rod fixing disc, the rotating shell is fixedly connected with the workbench through a plurality of connecting pins uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shell, the first motor is arranged in the rotating shell, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with a first end of the first lead screw through a coupler, a second end of the first lead screw is supported on a motor placing platform of the lifting device through the lead screw end cap, the connecting rod fixing disc is arranged on the first lead screw, and the connecting rod fixing disc is in spiral connection with the first lead screw through a disc connecting hole arranged in the middle of the connecting rod fixing disc;
the lifting device is arranged above the rotating device and comprises a motor placing platform, a second motor, a driving gear, a driven gear, a second lead screw and a lifting platform, a plurality of lifting support rods are uniformly distributed on the motor placing platform, and the lifting support rod is provided with a lifting support plate, the second motor is arranged on the motor placing platform, and the motor output shaft of the second motor passes through the lifting support plate to be connected with the driving gear, the driven gear is rotatably arranged on the lifting support plate through a support shaft, the driven gears are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the driving gear, the driving gear is in meshing transmission with the driven gears, the driven gear is provided with the second lead screw, and the first end of the second lead screw penetrates through a platform connecting hole in the lifting platform and is in spiral connection with the lifting platform;
the ratchet mechanism is arranged on the lifting platform and comprises a ratchet fixing shaft and a ratchet wheel, the first end of the ratchet fixing shaft is connected with the lifting support plate, and a plurality of ratchet wheels are uniformly distributed at the second end of the ratchet fixing shaft;
the circular orbit is fixed to be located through the bracing piece on the workstation, just the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of heating device on the circular orbit, heating device is including connecting rod, hot plate, link block, flexible member and insulating member, the first end of connecting rod with the fixed disc of connecting rod rotates to be connected, just the second end of connecting rod with link block's bottom is connected, link block's top is equipped with insulating member, just be equipped with on the insulating member the hot plate, flexible member equipartition is located circular orbit's medial surface, just the first end of flexible member with circular orbit fixed connection, flexible member's second end with link block's side is connected.
2. The variable diameter induction heating apparatus for a ratchet according to claim 1, wherein the heating plate comprises a first heating plate, a second heating plate and a connecting plate, a first end of the first heating plate is connected to the insulating rod, a second end of the first heating plate is connected to a first end of the connecting plate through the second heating plate, and a second end of the connecting plate is connected to the insulating rod.
3. The variable diameter induction heating device for the ratchet wheel according to claim 2, wherein the heating plate can extend into the ratchet wheel teeth of the ratchet wheel, the first heating plate and the second heating plate can be respectively close to the side surface part and the end surface part of the ratchet wheel teeth, the first heating plate is parallel to the side surface part of the ratchet wheel teeth, and the second heating plate is parallel to the end surface part of the ratchet wheel teeth.
4. The variable diameter induction heating apparatus for a ratchet according to claim 2, wherein the first end of the first heating plate of the heating plate and the second end of the connecting plate are both bent close to the middle portion of the heating plate.
5. The variable diameter induction heating apparatus for a ratchet wheel according to claim 1, wherein the height of the heating plate is smaller than the tooth width of the ratchet wheel.
6. The variable-diameter induction heating device for the ratchet wheel according to claim 1, wherein the heating device further comprises a first infrared temperature measurement camera, a second infrared temperature measurement camera and a third infrared temperature measurement camera, and the first infrared temperature measurement camera, the second infrared temperature measurement camera and the third infrared temperature measurement camera are all arranged on the workbench.
7. The variable diameter induction heating apparatus for a ratchet wheel according to claim 1, wherein the centerline axis of the first lead screw, the motor output shaft of the second motor and the centerline axis of the ratchet wheel fixing shaft are all collinear.
8. A heating method for realizing the variable-diameter type induction heating device for the ratchet wheel as claimed in claim 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, sequentially mounting the ratchet wheels to be heated on the ratchet wheel fixing shaft, and fixing the ratchet wheel fixing shaft on the lifting platform;
s2, starting the second motor, and moving the first ratchet wheel to be heated to the upper part of the heating device through the lifting device;
s3, starting the first motor, and adjusting the distance from the heating device to the ratchet wheel teeth to enable the heating plate to be close to the ratchet wheel teeth;
s4, equally dividing the tooth width of the ratchet wheel tooth into the upper part and the lower part of the wheel tooth;
s5, starting the second motor, driving the ratchet wheel to move upwards through the lifting platform, enabling the upper part of the gear teeth of the ratchet wheel to correspond to the heating plate, electrifying the heating plate, and heating the side surface part and the end surface part of the gear teeth of the ratchet wheel through the heating plate;
s6, measuring the temperature T of any two points on the upper end face of the gear tooth through the first infrared temperature measuring cameraA1、TA2Simultaneously, the temperature value T of any two points on the upper end surface of the gear tooth is measured by the second infrared temperature measuring cameraB1、TB2Calculating Δ T1＝|TA1-TB1|、ΔT2＝|TA2-TB2And judging whether the temperature difference between the two points is large or smallΔT1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2Less than or equal to 200 ℃, if the temperature difference delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2If the temperature difference between the two points is less than or equal to 200 ℃, executing the step S71> 100 ℃ and. DELTA.T2When the temperature is higher than 200 ℃, the upper part of the gear teeth is continuously heated until the temperature difference delta T between the two points1Delta T at 100 ℃ or lower2Carrying out the next step at the temperature of less than or equal to 200 ℃;
s7, starting the second motor, driving the ratchet wheel to move upwards through the lifting platform, enabling the lower part of the gear teeth of the ratchet wheel to correspond to the heating plate, electrifying the heating plate, and heating the side surface part and the end surface part of the gear teeth of the ratchet wheel through the heating plate;
s8, measuring the temperature T of any two points on the end surface of the lower part of the gear tooth through the third infrared temperature measuring cameraC1、TC2Calculating Δ T3＝|TB1-TC1|、ΔT4＝|TB2-TC2And judging whether the temperature difference Delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4Not more than 80 ℃, if the temperature difference delta T between the two points3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4If the temperature difference between the two points is less than or equal to 80 ℃, executing the step S9, if the temperature difference between the two points is delta T3> 80 ℃ and Delta T4If the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, the lower part of the gear tooth is continuously heated until the temperature difference delta T between the two points is reached3Delta T at 80 ℃ or lower4Carrying out the next step at the temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃;
s9, starting the second motor, adjusting the position of the lifting platform by driving the driving gear, the driven gear and the second lead screw, and moving the next ratchet wheel to be heated to the upper part of the heating device;
and S10, repeating the steps S2 to S9 until the whole ratchet wheel is heated.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the heating devices are connected in parallel, and the heating current of each heating device is equal.
CN202110473186.2A 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 Variable-diameter induction heating device for ratchet wheel and heating method thereof Active CN113215366B (en)

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