CN113214885B - Lubricant for railway turnout and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Lubricant for railway turnout and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113214885B
CN113214885B CN202110345065.XA CN202110345065A CN113214885B CN 113214885 B CN113214885 B CN 113214885B CN 202110345065 A CN202110345065 A CN 202110345065A CN 113214885 B CN113214885 B CN 113214885B
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parts
composition
agent
lubricant
antioxidant
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CN113214885A (en
Inventor
童宗文
贡照华
李英姿
于林
苗立勤
张卓贞
段永洁
王鑫
李冰珺
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Tianjin Qihong Fine Chemical Co ltd
Tieke Jinhua Testing Center Co ltd
China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS
Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
Nanjing Bridge Section of China Railway Shanghai Group Co Ltd
Beijing Teletron Telecom Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tianjin Qihong Fine Chemical Co ltd
China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS
Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
Nanjing Bridge Section of China Railway Shanghai Group Co Ltd
Beijing Teletron Telecom Engineering Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/022—Ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/024—Propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
    • C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M2215/222—Triazines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives

Abstract

The invention provides a lubricant for railway turnouts, and a preparation method and application thereof. The lubricant comprises a composition A and a composition B; based on the total mass of the lubricant, the mass percent of the composition A is 2-20%, and the balance is the composition B; wherein, the raw materials of the composition A comprise: base oil, soap-based thickener, transforming agent, complexing agent, tackifier, solid lubricant, antioxidant, extreme pressure antiwear agent, antirust agent and metal deactivator; the raw materials of the composition B comprise: base oil, a non-soap-based thickener, an extreme pressure anti-wear agent, an antioxidant, an antirust agent and a metal passivator; in the composition A and the composition B, the base oil, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent and the metal passivator are the same in composition.

Description

Lubricant for railway turnout and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricants, and particularly relates to a lubricant for railway turnouts, in particular to a slide plate of the railway turnout, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The turnout is one of the key parts of the railway track, and the normal operation of the turnout is the basic guarantee of the traffic safety. The slide plate is used as an important part of the turnout, and plays a role in supporting the switch rail and buckling and pressing the stock rail within the length range of the whole switch rail. When the switch rails are switched, the friction force between the switch rails and the slide plate is an important component of switching resistance, and the method for reducing the friction force is an effective method for reducing the switching force. At present, the method of coating lubricant between the switch rail and the sliding bed plate is commonly adopted at home and abroad railway sites to reduce the conversion resistance of the switch rail.
Generally, the lubricant for the sliding plate comprises base oil, a thickening agent, a tackifier and various functional additives (such as an extreme pressure antiwear agent); the using environment is a naked environment, the local bearing is large, and the external pollution such as dust, wind sand and the like is serious. Therefore, the lubricant for the slide plate needs to have the extreme pressure antiwear performance, and also needs to have the following properties: (1) the water-based lubricating oil has the advantages of good adhesion performance, good adhesion to the surface of the slide chair plate, (2) excellent water scouring resistance, and capability of still guaranteeing the lubricating requirement of the slide chair plate under heavy rain scouring, (3) good external pollution resistance, and good lubricating performance after being mixed with wind, sand and other pollutants, (4) other performances such as use visual effect, environment-friendly performance, low cost and the like.
The higher the viscosity of the lubricant is, the better the adhesion performance and the water scouring resistance of the lubricant are, and the better the stability after the solid anti-wear material is added; however, the viscous lubricant is inconvenient to apply and not easy to clean, and inconvenience is brought to next application operation. If the viscosity of the lubricant is lowered, although it is easy to apply, its adhesion property and water-washing resistance are remarkably lowered. For areas with frequent rainfall, such lubricants are run off on the slide plate only one day; the oil had to be re-applied even after a heavy rain. In addition, a lubricant having a low viscosity is inferior in stability and is easily delaminated when a solid additive is added. In addition, the climate and weather conditions of the vast expanse of China and the south and north are very different. Lubricants of one viscosity are not compatible with all areas and climatic conditions. Therefore, a lubricant with viscosity capable of being flexibly adjusted according to field conditions is also urgently needed for actual railway maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a lubricant for railway turnout. The lubricant has good adhesion and water scouring resistance, can be coated once in rainy season, is used for 1-3 months, and can be kept on the slide chair for more than one day even in heavy rain. The viscosity of the lubricant can be flexibly adjusted, and the lubricant is suitable for different climates and seasons.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lubricant for railway switches comprising composition A and composition B; based on the total mass of the lubricant, the mass percent of the composition A is 2-20%, and the balance is the composition B; the penetration of the composition A is 265-295 (0.1 mm);
the composition A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
400-600 parts of base oil, 300-500 parts of a soap-based thickener, 20-80 parts of a transforming agent, 20-60 parts of a complexing agent, 40-80 parts of a tackifier, 70-90 parts of a solid lubricant, 3-10 parts of an antioxidant, 15-50 parts of an extreme pressure antiwear agent, 2-6 parts of an antirust agent and 0.2-1 part of a metal deactivator;
the composition B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
650-900 parts of base oil, 40-80 parts of non-soap-based thickening agent, 20-40 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3-10 parts of antioxidant, 2-5 parts of antirust agent and 0.2-1 part of metal passivator;
in the composition A and the composition B, the base oil, the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent and the metal passivator are the same in composition.
Preferably, the raw materials of the composition A comprise the following components in parts by weight:
450-550 parts of base oil, 300-400 parts of soap-based thickening agent, 40-60 parts of transforming agent, 20-50 parts of complexing agent, 50-70 parts of tackifier, 75-85 parts of solid lubricant, 4-8 parts of antioxidant, 20-40 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3-5 parts of antirust agent and 0.4-0.8 part of metal deactivator.
More preferably, the raw materials of the composition A comprise the following components in parts by weight:
450-500 parts of base oil, 300-375 parts of soap-based thickener, 40-50 parts of transforming agent, 30-40 parts of complexing agent, 50-60 parts of tackifier, 75-85 parts of solid lubricant, 4-8 parts of antioxidant, 25-35 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3.5-5 parts of antirust agent and 0.4-0.6 part of metal deactivator.
Preferably, the raw materials of the composition B comprise the following components in parts by weight:
700-900 parts of base oil, 45-70 parts of non-soap-based thickening agent, 20-35 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3-8 parts of antioxidant, 3-4.5 parts of antirust agent and 0.2-0.8 part of metal passivator.
More preferably, the raw materials of the composition B comprise the following components in parts by weight:
730-870 parts of base oil, 50-70 parts of non-soap-based thickening agent, 20-30 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3-6 parts of antioxidant, 3-4.5 parts of antirust agent and 0.3-0.5 part of metal passivator.
Preferably, in the composition A and the composition B, the composition of the base oil is the same and is selected from one or two of mineral oil and synthetic oil in any proportion.
Further preferably, the mineral oil has a kinematic viscosity of 450-650 mm at 40 DEG C 2 150 BS/s.
Preferably, the synthetic oil is poly-alpha-olefin base oil (PAO), and more preferably has a kinematic viscosity of 4-40 mm at 100 DEG C 2 PAO in s.
Preferably, in the composition A and the composition B, the extreme pressure antiwear agent has the same composition and is selected from one or more of triphenyl thiophosphate, dialkyl polysulfide, dialkyl zinc dithiophosphate and dialkyl molybdenum dithiophosphate in any proportion.
More preferably, in the composition A and the composition B, the extreme pressure antiwear agent has the same composition and is selected from one or two of dialkyl dithiophosphate zinc salt and dialkyl dithiophosphate molybdenum salt in any proportion.
Preferably, in the composition A and the composition B, the antioxidant has the same composition and is selected from one or more of phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, butyl octyl diphenylamine, alkylated aniline, 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl propionic acid- (C7-C9 branched) alkyl ester and thioether phenol in any proportion.
More preferably, in the composition A and the composition B, the antioxidant is 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid- (C7-C9 branched) alkyl ester.
Preferably, in the composition A and the composition B, the composition of the antirust agent is the same and is selected from one or more of barium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate, calcium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate and zinc dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate in any proportion.
More preferably, in the composition A and the composition B, the antirust agent is calcium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate.
Preferably, in the composition a and the composition B, the composition of the metal passivator is the same, and is selected from one or more of benzotriazole and derivatives thereof at any ratio.
More preferably, in the composition A and the composition B, the metal passivator is benzotriazole.
Preferably, in the composition a, the soap-based thickener is one or two of calcium sulfonate complex soap and lithium soap in any proportion.
Both the above-mentioned complex calcium sulfonate soap and lithium soap are commercially available, such as high-base-number calcium sulfonate (one kind of complex calcium sulfonate soap) of luoborun corporation.
More preferably, in the composition a, the soap-based thickener is an overbased calcium sulfonate.
Preferably, in the composition A, the conversion agent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, hexylene glycol, 1, 6-hexylene glycol and propylene glycol in any proportion.
More preferably, in the composition A, the conversion agent is selected from one or more of n-butanol, hexylene glycol and propylene glycol in any proportion.
Preferably, in the composition a, the complexing agent is selected from one or more of acetic acid, propionic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid and sebacic acid in any proportion.
More preferably, in the composition a, the complexing agent is phosphoric acid or boric acid.
Preferably, in the composition a, the tackifier is selected from one or more of styrene isoprene copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyisobutylene and styrene butadiene copolymer in any proportion.
More preferably, in the composition A, the tackifier is selected from one or more of ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyisobutylene and styrene-butadiene copolymer in any proportion.
Most preferably, in the composition A, the tackifier is ethylene propylene copolymer and polyisobutylene PB2400, and the mass ratio of the ethylene propylene copolymer to the polyisobutylene PB2400 is as follows:
ethylene-propylene copolymer: polyisobutylene PB2400 ═ 1: 2.
Preferably, in the composition a, the solid lubricant is selected from one or more of Polyethylene (PE), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Melamine Cyanurate (MCA), molybdenum disulfide and graphite in any proportion.
More preferably, in the composition a, the solid lubricant is selected from one or more of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Melamine Cyanurate (MCA), molybdenum disulfide and graphite in any proportion.
Preferably, in the composition B, the non-soap-based thickener is selected from one or more of Polyethylene (PE), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Melamine Cyanurate (MCA), molybdenum disulfide and graphite in any proportion.
More preferably, in the composition B, the non-soap based thickener is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the lubricant for railway turnout provided by the invention has the viscosity of 150-1200 mm at 40 ℃ and kinematic viscosity 2 /s。
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing the above lubricant, comprising the steps of:
I. preparation of composition A
I-1, preparing the raw materials of the composition A according to the mixture ratio;
i-2, adding the base oil and the soap-based thickening agent into a reaction container, adding the converting agent, heating to 80-90 ℃, monitoring by infrared spectroscopy until the conversion is completed, heating to 110-120 ℃, adding the complexing agent, adding the tackifier, heating to 180-200 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, cooling to 80-90 ℃, adding the solid lubricant and the antioxidant, continuously cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent and the metal passivator, uniformly stirring, and rolling for three times by a three-roll oil rolling machine to obtain the lubricant;
preparation of composition B
II-1, preparing the raw materials of the composition B according to the mixture ratio;
II-2, adding the base oil, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent and the metal passivator into a reaction vessel, then adding the non-soap-based thickener, and stirring and thickening for 1-2 hours to obtain the lubricant;
preparation of the lubricant
And mixing the composition A and the composition B according to the mass percentage, uniformly stirring, and rolling for three times by using a three-roll oil mill to obtain the composition.
Preferably, in the step I-2, the infrared spectrum is monitored until the conversion is completed, and the infrared spectrum of the reaction product is 862cm -1 About 876cm -1 Left and right sum 883cm -1 The absorption peaks appear on the left and right sides, which indicates that the conversion is completed.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of the above lubricant or the lubricant prepared by the above method for lubricating railroad switch bed plates and switch machines.
The composition A and the composition B respectively adopt a soap-based thickening agent and a non-soap-based thickening agent, and the mixing proportion of the composition A and the composition B is flexibly adjusted according to actual use conditions and requirements, so that the viscosity and the consistency of the prepared lubricant meet actual requirements (climate, season, temperature and the like).
The tackifier can increase the adhesion performance of the lubricant on the surface of the slide chair and provide the water-spraying resistance of the lubricant. However, in general, the addition of a thickener causes the consistency of the grease to be increased and the low-temperature performance to be deteriorated, and also affects the mechanical stability of the lubricant, so that the structure of the lubricant is changed during the use process, and the normal use of the lubricant is affected. In the lubricant of the invention, the tackifier content in the composition A is about 5 percent by mass, but the lubricant of the invention still maintains the ideal consistency, and the minimum use temperature is lower than-20 ℃. Therefore, the present invention well addresses the adverse effects of tackifiers on lubricant performance.
The lubricant provided by the invention has the most outstanding advantages of excellent water resistance, adhesion, easiness in cleaning and environmental friendliness. The coating is carried out once, and the service life in plum rain season reaches 1-3 months; even if the flushing is continuously carried out by the extremely heavy rainstorm, the service life of more than at least one day can be ensured. Therefore, the application of the lubricant disclosed by the invention can greatly reduce the workload of oiling and maintaining the railway turnout. At present, because the adhesive force and the water scouring resistance of the lubricant are weak, the lubricant has to be oiled in busy daytime line transportation in extreme weather. This not only increases the workload of railway maintenance, but also increases the danger of work. The lubricant provided by the invention can be used for oiling and maintaining at night even in heavy rain or continuous heavy rainfall sudden drop in summer, so that dangerous daytime oiling operation is avoided. In addition, after the lubricant provided by the invention is smeared on the slide plate, the track plate is not polluted, and the adverse effect on the environment is small; and when the next smearing operation is carried out, the residual lubricant on the slide plate is easy to clean.
Drawings
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The photographs of fig. 1 show the photographs of the lubricant of example 3 on day 3 (left, 1A) and day 7 (right, 1B) in the accelerated stability test. It can be seen in the figure that the lubricant of example 3 was still a uniformly viscous liquid on day 3, with only a small amount of oil coming out (< 5%, v/v) on the upper layer of the lubricant on day 7.
The photographs of fig. 2 show the photographs of the lubricant of example 7 on day 5 (left, 2A) and day 7 (right, 2B) of the accelerated stability test. As can be seen, the lubricant upper layer of example 7 had only a small amount of oil evolution (< 5%, v/v) at day 5, with the lubricant upper layer having a more pronounced oil evolution (< 10%, v/v) at day 7.
The photographs of fig. 3 show the photographs of the lubricant of comparative example 6 on day 3 (left, 3A) and day 7 (right, 3B) in the accelerated stability test. As can be seen, at day 3, the upper layer of the lubricant of comparative example 6 had a small amount of oil deposition (< 10%, v/v) and at day 7 the upper layer of the lubricant had a significant amount of oil deposition, about 35% of the total volume.
The photographs of fig. 4 show the photographs of the lubricant of comparative example 7 on day 1 (left, 4A) and day 3 (right, 4B) in the accelerated stability test. As can be seen, on day 1, there was a small amount of oil deposition (< 5%, v/v) from the upper layer of the lubricant of comparative example 7, and on day 3 there was significant oil deposition (< 10%, v/v) from the upper layer of the lubricant.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are all conventional ones unless otherwise specified. The raw materials, reagent materials and the like used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
Examples 1 to 4A composition
The composition of the composition A is shown in Table 1; is prepared by the following steps:
adding the base oil and the soap-based thickening agent into a reaction container, adding the transforming agent, heating to 80-90 ℃, monitoring by infrared spectrum until the transformation is completed, heating to 110-120 ℃, adding the complexing agent, adding the tackifier, heating to 180-200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, cooling to 80-90 ℃, adding the solid lubricant and the antioxidant, continuously cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent and the metal passivator, stirring uniformly, and rolling for three times by a three-roller oil rolling machine to obtain the lubricant.
TABLE 1 raw Material composition of composition A of examples 1 to 4
Figure BDA0003000405400000061
Example 5A composition B and a Lubricant
150BS 746.4g is weighed, 24.9g of extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 4.35g of antioxidant, 3.915g of antirust agent and 0.435g of metal passivator in example 1 are added, and 50g of polytetrafluoroethylene is added for stirring and thickening to obtain a composition B.
Weighing 170g of the composition A prepared in the example 1, uniformly stirring the composition A and the composition B prepared in the example 1, and rolling the mixture for three times by a three-roll oil mill to obtain the composition with the kinematic viscosity of 1052mm at 40 DEG C 2 Lubricant per second.
Example 6A composition B and a Lubricant
746.4g of 150BS and synthetic oil PAO10 (the ratio is 2: 1) are weighed, 24.9g of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 4.35g of antioxidant, 3.915g of antirust agent and 0.435g of metal passivator in example 2 are added, and 50g of polytetrafluoroethylene is added to be stirred and thickened to obtain a composition B.
Weighing the composition A170g prepared in example 2 for later use, mixing with the composition B prepared in the example, stirring uniformly, and rolling for three times by a three-roll oil mill to obtain the composition with kinematic viscosity of 1020mm at 40 DEG C 2 Lubricant per second.
Example 7A composition B and a Lubricant
773g of 150BS and synthetic oil PAO10 (ratio 1:2) are weighed, 28.29g of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 4.72g of antioxidant, 4.25g of antirust agent and 0.47g of metal passivator in example 3 are added, 66.27g of polytetrafluoroethylene is added, and the mixture is stirred and thickened to obtain a composition B.
Weighing the composition A123g prepared in example 3, mixing with the composition B prepared in the example, uniformly stirring, and rolling for three times by a three-roll oil mill to obtain the composition with the kinematic viscosity of 542mm at 40 DEG C 2 Lubricant per second.
Example 8A composition B and a Lubricant
Weighing synthetic oil PAO10865.12g, adding 29.16g of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 4.86g of antioxidant, 4.37g of antirust agent and 0.49g of metal passivator in example 4, adding 68g of polytetrafluoroethylene, and stirring for thickening to obtain a composition B.
28g of the composition A prepared in example 4 was weighed out, mixed with the composition B prepared in this example, and stirred uniformlyThree-roller oil mill for three times to obtain the product with kinematic viscosity of 152mm at 40 DEG C 2 A lubricant in s.
Comparative example 1 commercially available lubricant 1
Lubricant name/model: engine oil/railway locomotive internal combustion engine oil;
the manufacturer: tianjin Rishi stone;
kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃: 126mm 2 /s；
Minimum use temperature: -10 ℃.
Comparative example 2 commercially available Lubricant 2
Lubricant name/model: lubricating oil for a turnout slide plate/Interflon Lube EP Rail;
the manufacturer: shanghai Yinyuan Fulong chemical Co., Ltd;
kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃: 1200mm 2 /s；
The use temperature range: -20 ℃.
Comparative example 3 commercial Lubricant 3
Lubricant name/model: turnout slide plate lubricating Grease/Interflon great RLS;
the manufacturer: shanghainefulon chemical Co., Ltd;
NLGI grade: 0000;
the use temperature range is as follows: -20 ℃.
Comparative example 4 commercial Lubricant 4
Lubricant name/model: turnout slide plate lubricating grease/rhenus LDU 02 GR;
the manufacturer: rhenus, germany;
NLGI grade: 000;
the use temperature range is as follows: -20 ℃.
Comparative example 5 a commercially available lubricant 5
Lubricant name/model: kruebo turnout grease/Klubrrail ALO 32-4000;
the manufacturer: kluyberg;
NLGI grade: 600-750 (0.1 mm);
the use temperature range: -30 ℃.
Comparative example 6 an open gear lubricant
1kg of lubricant was prepared according to the method of example 8 of chinese invention patent specification CN 106281583a (published 2017, 1 month 4):
adding 150BS 785g and 15g of aluminum stearate into a reaction kettle, mixing and stirring, heating to 120-140 ℃, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 20g of trialkyl phenyl thiophosphate, 10g of diphenyl cresyl phosphate, 40g of thiadiazole derivative, 10g of amine antioxidant, 10g of phenol antioxidant, 10g of calcium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate and 100g of sodium borate, and homogenizing to obtain a lubricant with a cone penetration of 690(0.1 mm).
Comparative example 7 an open gear lubricant
1kg of lubricant was prepared according to the method of example 1 of Chinese patent specification CN 111961518A (published 2020, 11, 20) with a cone penetration of 430(0.1 mm).
Test examples Performance determination and comparison of inventive lubricants with comparative lubricants 1 lubrication-related Performance
Penetration (0.1 mm): measured according to the full-size vertebral method of GB/T269.
Kinematic viscosity (mm) at 40 DEG C 2 S): measured according to the method GB/T265.
Minimum use temperature (. degree. C.): the shear rate is 10s according to the SH/T0048 method -1 When the test result (similar viscosity) of the lubricant at a certain temperature is 1500 +/-50 Pa.s, the temperature is the lowest service temperature which can meet the use requirement of the lubricant.
Abrasion resistance (mm): measured according to GB/T3142, the test conditions are as follows: room temperature, 392N, 1200r/min, 60 min.
PD (kgf): measured according to SH/T0202.
Corrosion (steel sheet, 100 ℃, 24 h): measured according to SH/T0331.
Water spray resistant (residual (normal temperature, 60 s)%): measured according to the method described in SH/T0643.
Environmental protection performance: each lubricant tested was applied to the bed plate and visually observed within 7d, with little if any contamination of the lubricant to the bed plate and track bed below the bed plate, generally with little if any contamination of the lubricant to the bed plate and track bed below the bed plate, and with much contamination of the lubricant to the bed plate and track bed below the bed plate.
The results are shown in Table 2.
The data in table 2 shows: compared with various comparative lubricants, the lubricant provided by the invention has good extreme pressure wear resistance, and particularly has outstanding adhesion performance and water scouring resistance.
TABLE 2 measurement results of relevant properties of lubricants
Figure BDA0003000405400000101
2. Stability of
About 100g of each of the lubricants prepared in examples 3 to 6 and the lubricants prepared in comparative examples 6 to 7 was placed in a transparent glass container having the same volume, and after sealing, the container was placed in an oven and allowed to stand at 90 ℃, and the appearance of the lubricants was observed and recorded, and the results are shown in table 3.
The results in table 3 show: the lubricants of the present invention did not substantially delaminate within the observation time, indicating good structural stability.
Table 3 lubricant stability observations
Figure BDA0003000405400000111

Claims (9)

1. A lubricant for railway switches consists of a composition A and a composition B; based on the total mass of the lubricant, the mass percent of the composition A is 2-20%, and the balance is the composition B; the cone penetration of the composition A is 265-295 and 0.1 mm;
the composition A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
400-600 parts of base oil, 300-500 parts of soap-based thickening agent, 20-80 parts of transforming agent, 20-60 parts of complexing agent, 40-80 parts of tackifier, 70-90 parts of solid lubricant, 3-10 parts of antioxidant, 15-50 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 2-6 parts of antirust agent and 0.2-1 part of metal deactivator;
the composition B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
650-900 parts of base oil, 40-80 parts of non-soap-based thickening agent, 20-40 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3-10 parts of antioxidant, 2-5 parts of antirust agent and 0.2-1 part of metal passivator;
in the composition A and the composition B, the base oil, the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent and the metal passivator are the same in composition; the base oil is selected from the group consisting of a kinematic viscosity of 450-650 mm at 40 DEG C 2 One or two of 150BS and PAO in any proportion per s; the extreme pressure antiwear agent is selected from one or two of dialkyl dithiophosphate zinc salt and dialkyl dithiophosphate molybdenum salt in any proportion; the antioxidant is branched alkyl ester of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid-C7-C9; the antirust agent is calcium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate; the metal passivator is benzotriazole;
in the composition A, the soap-based thickening agent is high-base-number calcium sulfonate; the conversion agent is selected from one or more of n-butanol, hexanediol and propylene glycol in any proportion; the complexing agent is phosphoric acid or boric acid; the solid lubricant is selected from one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, melamine cyanurate, molybdenum disulfide and graphite in any proportion; the tackifier is ethylene propylene copolymer and polyisobutylene PB2400, and the mass ratio of the ethylene propylene copolymer to the polyisobutylene PB2400 is as follows:
ethylene-propylene copolymer: polyisobutylene PB2400=1: 2;
in the composition B, the non-soap-based thickener is polytetrafluoroethylene.
2. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the composition A consist of the following components in parts by weight:
450-550 parts of base oil, 300-400 parts of a soap-based thickener, 40-60 parts of a transforming agent, 20-50 parts of a complexing agent, 50-70 parts of a tackifier, 75-85 parts of a solid lubricant, 4-8 parts of an antioxidant, 20-40 parts of an extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3-5 parts of an antirust agent and 0.4-0.8 part of a metal deactivator.
3. The lubricant according to claim 2, wherein the composition A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
450-500 parts of base oil, 300-375 parts of soap-based thickening agent, 40-50 parts of transforming agent, 30-40 parts of complexing agent, 50-60 parts of tackifier, 75-85 parts of solid lubricant, 4-8 parts of antioxidant, 25-35 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3.5-5 parts of antirust agent and 0.4-0.6 part of metal deactivator.
4. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the composition B consist of the following components in parts by weight:
700-900 parts of base oil, 45-70 parts of non-soap-based thickener, 20-35 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3-8 parts of antioxidant, 3-4.5 parts of antirust agent and 0.2-0.8 part of metal deactivator.
5. The lubricant according to claim 4, wherein the composition B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
730-870 parts of base oil, 50-70 parts of non-soap-based thickener, 20-30 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3-6 parts of antioxidant, 3-4.5 parts of antirust agent and 0.3-0.5 part of metal deactivator.
6. The lubricant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lubricant for railway switches has a viscosity of 150 to 1200mm kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ 2 /s。
7. A method of making the lubricant of any of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
I. preparation of composition A
I-1, preparing the raw materials of the composition A according to the mixture ratio;
i-2, adding the base oil and the soap-based thickening agent into a reaction container, adding the converting agent, heating to 80-90 ℃, monitoring by infrared spectroscopy until the conversion is completed, heating to 110-120 ℃, adding the complexing agent, adding the tackifier, heating to 180-200 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, cooling to 80-90 ℃, adding the solid lubricant and the antioxidant, continuously cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent and the metal passivator, uniformly stirring, and rolling for three times by a three-roll oil rolling machine to obtain the lubricant;
preparation of composition B
II-1, preparing the raw materials of the composition B according to the mixture ratio;
II-2, adding the base oil, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent and the metal passivator into a reaction vessel, then adding the non-soap-based thickener, and stirring and thickening for 1-2 hours to obtain the lubricant;
preparation of the lubricant
And mixing the composition A and the composition B according to the mass percentage, uniformly stirring, and rolling for three times by using a three-roll oil mill to obtain the composition.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step I-2, in which the IR spectrum is monitored until the conversion is completed, is characterized in that the IR spectrum of the reaction product is 862cm -1 About 876cm -1 Left and right sum 883cm -1 The absorption peaks appeared on the left and right sides, indicating that the conversion was complete.
9. Use of the lubricant of any one of claims 1 to 6 or prepared by the method of claim 7 or 8 for the lubrication of railway switch bed plates and switch machines.
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