CN113214547B - Rubber for cables and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Rubber for cables and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113214547B
CN113214547B CN202110703882.8A CN202110703882A CN113214547B CN 113214547 B CN113214547 B CN 113214547B CN 202110703882 A CN202110703882 A CN 202110703882A CN 113214547 B CN113214547 B CN 113214547B
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rubber
mass
parts
mixing
carbon black
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CN113214547A (en
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李永辉
李章学
邓一权
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Sichuan Chndo Cable Co ltd
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Sichuan Chndo Cable Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01—Films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dynamic cables, and discloses rubber for cables and a preparation method thereof, wherein the rubber comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100.0 parts by mass of tobacco flake rubber, 5.0 to 8.0 parts by mass of nano zinc oxide, 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass of cross-linking agent (WY 988), 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass of vulcanizing agent (VA-7), 1.0 to 1.2 parts by mass of DCP, 0.8 to 1.0 part by mass of DM, 0.5 to 1.0 part by mass of stearic acid, 2.5 to 3.0 parts by mass of phenolic tackifying resin, 33.0 to 40.0 parts by mass of carbon black, 15.0 to 18.0 parts by mass of talcum powder, 5.0 to 7.0 parts by mass of engine oil, 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of anti-aging agent and 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of paraffin.

Description

Rubber for cables and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dynamic cables, in particular to rubber for cables and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The control wire core in the dynamic cable for the port machinery, the hoisting equipment, the mining machinery and the coal mining equipment is positioned at the outer edge or the wire core gap of the cable, the cable is subjected to larger repeated stretching when being bent, the control wire core is smaller, the tensile resistance is small, and the control wire core is easy to break after being used for a few months, so that the whole cable is scrapped.
At present, a control wire core in a dynamic cable in the prior art consists of 1 fiber reinforced core, 3 insulating wire cores, 3 filling strips and a wrapping tape; the filling strip is made of rubber, the tensile strength and the elongation of the rubber material are one of important standards for measuring the quality of the rubber material, and the service life of the existing cable is often determined by the corresponding rubber material, so that the service life of the cable can be greatly prolonged by the rubber with high tensile strength and high elongation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of short service life of the cable caused by lower tensile strength and elongation of the rubber material, the invention provides the rubber for the cable and the preparation method thereof, and the purposes of improving the tensile strength and the elongation of the rubber and prolonging the service life of the cable can be realized by improving the formula of the rubber and improving the preparation process.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
first aspect
The embodiment of the invention discloses rubber for cables, which comprises the following components: 100.0 parts by mass of tobacco flake adhesive, 5.0 to 8.0 parts by mass of nano zinc oxide, 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass of cross-linking agent (WY 988), 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass of vulcanizing agent (VA-7), 1.0 to 1.2 parts by mass of DCP, 0.8 to 1.0 part by mass of DM, 0.5 to 1.0 part by mass of stearic acid, 2.5 to 3.0 parts by mass of phenolic tackifying resin, 33.0 to 40.0 parts by mass of carbon black, 15.0 to 18.0 parts by mass of talcum powder, 5.0 to 7.0 parts by mass of engine oil, 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of anti-aging agent and 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of paraffin.
In the scheme, the rubber for the cable adopts the tobacco flake rubber as the main raw material, has good mechanical property and fatigue aging resistance based on the tobacco flake rubber, thereby ensuring the tensile strength and the elongation of the prepared rubber, further ensuring the service life of the cable, greatly prolonging the service life of the cable, avoiding frequent reciprocating bending of the cable, reducing the elasticity of the rubber, reducing the protection effect of the rubber structure in the cable on the conductor, avoiding repeated stretching and extrusion of the conductor, and repeatedly bearing the stretching and bending stress of the insulated wire core, thereby making the cableThe problem of short service life is solved; the nano zinc oxide is added as an active agent, so that the nano zinc oxide has more excellent heat aging resistance, tear resistance, elasticity and elongation compared with general zinc oxide, and the nano zinc oxide can effectively improve the activity of the accelerator, reduce the use amount of the accelerator and shorten the vulcanization period; stearic acid is added, the stearic acid and zinc oxide form zinc soap, the solubility of zinc oxide in sizing material is improved, zinc salt is generated by the reaction of zinc oxide and stearic acid, and chelation reaction can be carried out between zinc oxide and accelerator, so that weak bonds of the accelerator are in a stable state, the cracking position of sulfur bonds is changed, rubber is vulcanized to generate shorter crosslinking bonds, and the crosslinking density and crosslinking efficiency are improved; DM is adopted as an accelerator, so that the method has good post-effect, vulcanization operation safety and elongation at break; adopts a multi-component vulcanization system: the combination of the crosslinking agent (WY 988), the vulcanizing agent (VA-7) and the DCP produces three different chemical crosslinking bonds, namely-S, after vulcanization of the rubber X -(CH) 6 -S X -bond (x=1 or 2), -S Y -bond (y=1 or 2) and-C-bond, wherein-S X -(CH) 6 -S X -having resistance to reduction and fatigue, -S Y The bond has high elasticity and high mechanical strength, the C-C bond has excellent ageing resistance, and the three crosslinking bonds cooperate to ensure that the rubber has excellent mechanical and physical properties; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The phenolic tackifying resin is added to reduce the Mooney viscosity of the sizing material, improve the self-adhesion of the sizing material and improve the physical and mechanical properties, the thermal aging performance and the fatigue aging resistance of the sizing material; carbon black is added as a reinforcing agent and a filler of the rubber, so that on one hand, the mechanical property and the ageing resistance of the rubber can be effectively improved, on the other hand, the volume of a rubber product is increased, and the production cost of the rubber is reduced; talcum powder is added to be used as a reinforcing and modifying filler for rubber production, so that on one hand, the volume of a rubber product is increased, the production cost of rubber is reduced, and on the other hand, the stability of the structural size and shape is increased, and the tensile strength, the shearing strength, the flexural strength and the pressure strength are increased; the engine oil and the paraffin are added as plasticizers, and the plasticizer is filled in the rubber to reduce the processing viscosity of the rubber, so that the rubber has good compatibility with the rubber, no migration and low volatility, and can improve cold resistance; adding anti-aging agent to avoid long-term storage and use of rubberDuring use, the product is eroded by heat, oxygen, ozone, valence-changing metal ions, mechanical stress, light, high-energy rays, other chemical substances, mold and the like, and is sticky, hard, brittle or cracked.
Further, the carbon black comprises 33.0 to 40.0 parts by mass: 18.0 to 22.0 parts by mass of N539 carbon black and 15.0 to 18.0 parts by mass of white carbon black. N539 carbon black is adopted, so that the filling amount is large, and the production cost of rubber is greatly reduced; the white carbon black is used as a filler and a reinforcing agent, so that the physical and mechanical properties and ageing resistance of the rubber material are effectively improved, the volume of the rubber is effectively increased, and the production cost is reduced; and the wear resistance and rebound resilience of the rubber can be effectively improved by adopting the carbon black.
Further, the anti-aging agent comprises 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass: 1.5 to 2.0 parts by mass of an anti-aging agent MB and 1.5 to 2.0 parts by mass of an anti-aging agent RD. The antioxidant MB is a preventive antioxidant and has the main functions of decomposing hydroperoxide in the oxidation chain reaction process, reacting with the hydroperoxide to generate a non-free stable compound, preventing chain initiation and delaying oxidation reaction; adopting an anti-aging agent RD as a free radical scavenger, wherein N-H functional groups in the anti-aging agent RD capture free radicals, and the chain reaction is terminated so as to prevent rubber aging; meanwhile, due to the synergistic effect of the anti-aging agent MB and the anti-aging agent RD, oxidation, thermal aging and atmospheric aging under severe conditions can be effectively inhibited, and the anti-aging performance of rubber is improved.
Further, the engine oil is No. 32 engine oil.
Further, the paraffin is No. 68 paraffin.
Further, the tobacco flake rubber is No. 1 tobacco flake rubber, has the characteristics of low volatility, low gray scale, high breaking strength and breaking elongation, and further improves the tensile strength and elongation of the rubber, thereby ensuring the service life of the cable.
Furthermore, the talcum powder is 4000 meshes, and 4000 meshes are adopted, so that the shape of a rubber product is ensured, and the tensile strength, the shearing strength, the flexural strength and the pressure strength are further increased, thereby further ensuring the service life of the cable.
Second aspect
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a preparation method of the rubber for the cable, which adopts a meshed internal mixer for mixing and comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing tobacco flake rubber for 1.0-1.5 min, adding nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin, mixing for 1.0-1.2 min, adding carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin, and mixing for 2.5-3.0 min;
step 2: filtering the mixed mixture by adopting a stainless steel filter screen with 80 meshes to remove impurities;
step 3: rolling the filtered sizing material into a film with the thickness of 1.2-1.5mm by adopting a three-roller calender;
step 4: adding a cross-linking agent (WY 988), a vulcanizing agent (VA-7) and DCP into the film formed in the step 3, and then carrying out secondary mixing for 0.8-1 min;
step 5: rolling the sizing material after secondary mixing by a three-roller calender to form strip-shaped rubber with the thickness of 0.8-1mm and the width of 150-160 mm.
Further, the mixing is performed by adopting the meshed internal mixer, wherein the rotation speed of a rotor of the internal mixer is 30-35 r/min, the mixing temperature is 130-150 ℃, and the mixing and mixing problems of raw materials are ensured and the production quality of rubber is ensured by setting basic parameters of the internal mixer.
Further, the method also comprises the step 6: and (3) placing the strip-shaped rubber formed in the step (5) for 16 hours, extruding and forming to form a corresponding shape, and placing the rubber for a period of time, wherein auxiliaries such as vulcanizing agent, active agent, accelerator, anti-aging agent and the like in the rubber are further uniformly dispersed, and stress generated by rubber mixing processing can be eliminated, so that the forming processing and performance improvement are facilitated, the vulcanization of the rubber is further ensured, and the performance assurance of the rubber is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the rubber for the cable and the preparation method, the tensile strength and the elongation of the rubber are improved through the formula improvement of the rubber, so that the purpose of prolonging the service life of the cable is achieved;
2. according to the rubber for the cable and the preparation method, based on the improvement of a rubber formula, N539 carbon black and white carbon black are adopted and are used as rubber reinforcing agents and simultaneously used as rubber filling agents, so that on one hand, the performance of the rubber is improved, on the other hand, the volume of the rubber is increased, and the production cost is greatly reduced;
3. according to the rubber for the cable and the preparation method, based on the improvement of a rubber formula, nano zinc oxide and stearic acid are adopted and are matched with each other to form zinc salt and zinc soap, so that on one hand, the solubility of zinc oxide in a sizing material is improved, and on the other hand, a complex is formed by the zinc oxide and an accelerator conveniently, and on the other hand, the crosslinking density is improved;
4. according to the rubber for the cable and the preparation method, the formula of the anti-aging agent is improved, and the anti-aging agent RD and the anti-aging agent MB are synergistic, so that severe oxidation, thermal aging and atmospheric aging can be effectively inhibited, and the ageing resistance of the rubber is improved.
5. The invention relates to a rubber for a cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein three different chemical crosslinking bonds are generated after the rubber is vulcanized by adopting a multi-component vulcanization system and a WY988, VA-7 and DCP combined vulcanization system: -S X -(CH) 6 -S X - (x=1 or 2) bond, -S Y - (y=1 or 2) bond and-C-bond, wherein-S X -(CH) 6 -S X -having resistance to reduction and fatigue, -S Y The bond has high elasticity and high mechanical strength, and the C-C bond has excellent ageing resistance; because the three cross-links exist together, the three cross-links cooperate with each other, so that the vulcanized rubber has the specificity which the cross-links do not have, the vulcanized rubber integrates the advantages of the three cross-links, meanwhile, the interaction eliminates the weaknesses, and the perfect unification of the performances is realized.
6. According to the rubber for the cable and the preparation method, through the related preparation method, the rubber raw materials can be fully mixed, the rubber function can be ensured to be realized, and the operation is simple and convenient;
7. according to the rubber for the cable and the preparation method, disclosed by the invention, the vulcanization of the rubber is ensured through secondary mixing and rolling, and the performance of the rubber is ensured;
8. according to the rubber for the cable and the preparation method, the rubber is extruded after being placed for a period of time, so that the vulcanization of the rubber is further ensured, and the performance of the rubber is ensured.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered limiting in scope, it being possible for a person skilled in the art to obtain other relevant drawings from these drawings without inventive effort:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of rubber for cables, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for preparing rubber for a cable according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: no such specific details are necessary to practice the invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order not to obscure the invention.
Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" mean: a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included within at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an example," or "in an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the illustrations are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
All the raw materials of the present invention are not particularly limited in their sources, and may be purchased on the market or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
All the raw materials of the present invention are not particularly limited in purity, and the present invention preferably employs conventional purity used in the art.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for indicating or implying a relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Before the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described, first, technical problems related to the embodiments of the present application are described and explained.
The control wire core in the dynamic cable for the port machinery, the hoisting equipment, the mining machinery and the coal mining equipment is positioned at the outer edge or the wire core gap of the cable, the cable is subjected to larger repeated stretching when being bent, the control wire core is smaller, the tensile resistance is small, and the control wire core is easy to break after being used for a few months, so that the whole cable is scrapped.
At present, a control wire core in a dynamic cable in the prior art consists of 1 fiber reinforced core, 3 insulating wire cores, 3 filling strips and a wrapping tape; the filling strip is made of rubber, the tensile strength and the elongation of the rubber material are one of important standards for measuring the quality of the rubber material, and the service life of the existing cable is often determined by the corresponding rubber material, so that the service life of the cable can be greatly prolonged by the rubber with high tensile strength and high elongation.
The embodiment of the invention discloses rubber for cables, which comprises the following components: 100.0 parts by mass of tobacco flake adhesive, 5.0 to 8.0 parts by mass of nano zinc oxide, 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass of cross-linking agent (WY 988), 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass of vulcanizing agent (VA-7), 1.0 to 1.2 parts by mass of DCP, 0.8 to 1.0 part by mass of DM, 0.5 to 1.0 part by mass of stearic acid, 2.5 to 3.0 parts by mass of phenolic tackifying resin, 33.0 to 40.0 parts by mass of carbon black, 15.0 to 18.0 parts by mass of talcum powder, 5.0 to 7.0 parts by mass of engine oil, 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of anti-aging agent and 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of paraffin.
The tobacco flake rubber is prepared by filtering natural latex, adding formic acid to solidify, pressing into flake, and fumigating and drying to obtain flake rubber with ribs on surface; the standard rubber is rubber material in particle shape, the rubber material in the particle shape is air-dried rubber after latex is solidified, wherein the rubber material in the particle shape is the rubber material with better physical and mechanical properties compared with the standard rubber, therefore, when the high-strength tensile property is required, the rubber material is usually selected from the rubber material in the particle shape, the tensile strength and the elongation of the prepared rubber material are ensured, the service life of the cable is further ensured, the service time of the cable is greatly prolonged, the frequent reciprocating bending of the cable is avoided, the elasticity of the rubber is reduced, the protection effect of a rubber structure layer in the cable on the conductor is reduced, the conductor is prevented from being repeatedly stretched and extruded, and the insulated wire core is repeatedly subjected to stretching and bending stress, so that the problem of short service life is caused; the tobacco flake rubber can be classified into special grades, 1 grade, 2 grade, 3 grade, 4 grade and 5 grade according to tensile strength, elongation, aging coefficient and the like, and different grades of tobacco flake rubber can be selected according to specific performance requirements and production cost, wherein further, in some embodiments, the tobacco flake rubber is No. 1 tobacco flake rubber, and the No. 1 tobacco flake rubber has the characteristics of low volatility, low gray scale, high breaking strength and breaking elongation, and further improves the tensile strength and elongation of the rubber, so that the service life of the cable is ensured.
Nano zinc oxide: the zinc oxide can be divided into direct zinc oxide, indirect zinc oxide and active zinc oxide according to different production methods, and it should be noted that the production method of zinc oxide is not limited in the embodiment of the application, and in the embodiment of the application, zinc oxide is added as an active agent of rubber on one hand and as a reinforcing agent and a coloring agent on the other hand; zinc oxide is used as a reinforcing agent, so that the rubber has good corrosion resistance, tear resistance, elasticity and elongation, and the addition of the oxidizing property can effectively improve the activity of the accelerator, reduce the use amount of the accelerator and shorten the vulcanization period. The zinc oxide of the present invention may be used in an amount of 5.0 to 8.0 parts by mass or 6.0 to 7.0 parts by mass.
Crosslinking agent (WY 988): is a special auxiliary cross-linking agent which reacts with unsaturated double bonds in rubber molecular chain to form-S X -(CH) 6 -S X The- (x=1 or 2) cross-links have both heat resistance properties of mono/disulfide bonds and excellent dynamic properties of polysulfide bonds. The WY988 of the present invention may be used in an amount of 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass or 1.1 to 1.4 parts by mass.
Vulcanizing agent (VA-7): is a vulcanizing agent which is extremely easy to disperse in rubber and has enhanced fluidity and dispersibility when heated. At vulcanization temperature, 48-52% of active sulfur is released, and the rubber is crosslinked efficiently. The vulcanized rubber has good physical and mechanical properties such as aging resistance, heat resistance, tensile force, deformation and the like. The VA-7 of the invention is used in an amount of 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass, or 1.1 to 1.4 parts by mass.
DCP peroxide cross-linking agent (dicumyl peroxide) with chemical formula of C 18 H 22 O 2 White crystal with decomposition temperature of 120-125 deg.c and theoretical active oxygen content of 5.92% and may be used as vulcanizing agent for natural rubber and synthetic rubber. The free radical generated at high temperature can abstract H on the molecular chain of rubber to make it become molecular chain with free radical, and the two free radical molecular chains are combined to generate-C-C-bond with excellent heat resistance. The DCP of the present invention may be used in an amount of 1.0 to 1.2 parts by mass or 1.05 to 1.15 parts by mass.
DM: namely accelerator DM, of the chemical formula C 14 H 8 N 2 S 4 The catalyst has better post-effect as an accelerator, ensures the safety of vulcanization operation, and can be used for producing synergistic effect with DM and WY988, VA-7, nano zinc oxide and stearic acid. The DM of the present invention may be used in an amount of 0.8 to 1.0 part by mass or 0.85 to 0.95 part by mass.
Phenolic tackifying resin: the adhesive is used for improving the self-adhesion of the adhesive and improving the physical and mechanical properties and the thermal aging property of the adhesive. The phenolic tackifying resin can be used in an amount of 2.5 to 3.0 parts by mass, 2.6 to 2.9 parts by mass, or 2.7 to 2.8 parts by mass.
Carbon black: the invention is amorphous carbon, the surface area is very large, as reinforcing agent and filler of the rubber, on one hand, the mechanical property and ageing resistance of the rubber can be effectively improved, on the other hand, the volume of the rubber product is increased, and the production cost of the rubber is reduced, wherein, in order to further improve the tensile strength and elongation of the rubber, perfect and refine the rubber formula, the invention optimizes and selects part of raw materials in the formula, the carbon black can adopt N539 carbon black and white carbon black, and the filling amount of the carbon black based on the N539 carbon black is larger, so that the production cost of the rubber is greatly reduced; the white carbon black is used as a filler and a reinforcing agent, so that the physical and mechanical properties and ageing resistance of the rubber material are effectively improved, the volume of the rubber is effectively increased, and the production cost is reduced; the wear resistance and rebound resilience of the rubber can be effectively improved by adopting the carbon black; furthermore, the white carbon black can be precipitated white carbon black or gas phase white carbon black, and specifically, the precipitated white carbon black has low production cost, the gas phase white carbon black has good transparency, high stretching and tearing levels, good insulativity, high production cost and high mixing heat generation. The amount of the carbon black used in the present invention may be 33.0 to 40.0 parts by mass, 34.0 to 39.0 parts by mass, 35.0 to 38.0 parts by mass, or 36.0 to 37.0 parts by mass; wherein the amount of the N539 carbon black is 18.0 to 22.0 parts by mass, 19.0 to 21.0 parts by mass, and 19.5 to 20.5 parts by mass; the amount of the white carbon black may be 15.0 to 18.0 parts by mass or 16.0 to 17.0 parts by mass.
Talc powder: is prepared from magnesium silicate mineral talc family, which contains hydrous magnesium silicate as main ingredient, by pulverizing, treating with hydrochloric acid, washing with water, and drying; as a reinforcing modified filler for rubber production, on one hand, the volume of a rubber product is increased, the production cost of rubber is reduced, on the other hand, the stability of the structural size and shape is increased, and the tensile strength, the shearing strength, the flexural strength and the pressure strength are increased. Wherein, the dosage of talcum powder is 15.0-18.0 parts by mass, and can be 16.0-17.0 parts by mass.
Oil: as a plasticizer, the rubber is filled with rubber to reduce the processing viscosity of the rubber compound, and the engine oil is No. 32 engine oil. Wherein the amount of the engine oil is 5.0 to 7.0 parts by mass, or may be 5.5 to 6.5 parts by mass.
Paraffin wax: as a plasticizer, the rubber is filled with the rubber to reduce the processing viscosity of the rubber compound, and further, the paraffin is No. 68 paraffin. Wherein the amount of the paraffin wax is 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass, or 3.1 to 3.9 parts by mass.
Anti-aging agent: the invention particularly optimizes and selects partial raw materials in the formula in order to further improve the tensile strength and the elongation of the rubber and perfect and refine the rubber formula, and the anti-aging agent comprises the anti-aging agent MB and the anti-aging agent RD, and adopts the anti-aging agent MB which has the main functions of decomposing hydroperoxide in the oxidation chain reaction process, reacting with the hydroperoxide to generate non-free stable compound, preventing chain initiation and delaying oxidation reaction; an anti-aging agent RD is adopted, wherein N-H functional groups in the anti-aging agent RD can capture free radicals, and the chain reaction is terminated so as to prevent rubber aging; meanwhile, due to the synergistic effect of the anti-aging agent MB and the anti-aging agent RD, oxidation, thermal aging and atmospheric aging under severe conditions can be effectively inhibited, and the anti-aging performance of rubber is improved. Wherein the dosage of the anti-aging agent is 3.0-4.0 parts by mass; wherein, the anti-aging agent MB is 1.5 to 2.0 parts by mass and the anti-aging agent RD is 1.5 to 2.0 parts by mass.
In order to further improve the tensile strength and the elongation of the rubber, perfect and refine the rubber formula and better ensure the service life of the cable, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method according to any one of the technical schemes, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing tobacco flake rubber for 1.0-1.5 min, adding nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin, mixing for 1.0-1.2 min, adding carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin, and mixing for 2.5-3.0 min;
in the preparation method of the present invention, the proportion of the materials and the parameters of the materials should be in principle consistent with the selection of the formulation, and will not be described in detail herein.
The mixing time of the tobacco flake rubber is preferably 1.0-1.5 min, more preferably 1.1-1.4 min, and even more preferably 1.2-1.3 min.
The mixing time of the nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin is preferably 1.0-1.2 min, more preferably 1.0-1.1 min, and even more preferably 1.1-1.2 min.
The mixing time of the carbon black, the talcum powder, the engine oil, the anti-aging agent and the paraffin is preferably 2.5-3.0 min, more preferably 2.6-2.9 min, and even more preferably 2.7-2.8 min.
Step 2: filtering the mixed mixture by adopting a stainless steel filter screen with 80 meshes to remove impurities;
step 3: rolling the filtered sizing material into a film with the thickness of 1.2-1.5mm by adopting a three-roller calender;
the rolling thickness of the present invention is preferably 1.2 to 1.5mm, more preferably 1.3 to 1.4mm.
Step 4: adding a cross-linking agent (WY 988), a vulcanizing agent (VA-7) and DCP into the film formed in the step 3, and then carrying out secondary mixing for 0.8-1 min;
the kneading time in the above step 4 is preferably 0.8 to 1.0min, more preferably 0.9 to 1.0min, and still more preferably 0.8 to 0.9min.
Step 5: rolling the sizing material after secondary mixing by a three-roller calender to form strip-shaped rubber with the thickness of 0.8-1mm and the width of 150-160 mm.
The thickness in the step 5 is preferably 0.8-1.0 mm, more preferably 0.9-1.0 mm, and even more preferably 0.8-0.9 mm; regarding the above width, it is preferably 150 to 160mm, more preferably 155 to 160mm, and still more preferably 152 to 158mm.
In order to further improve the tensile strength and the elongation of rubber, perfect and refine the rubber formula and better ensure the service life of the cable, the mixing of the meshed internal mixer is adopted, wherein the rotation speed of a rotor of the internal mixer is 30-35 r/min, the mixing temperature is 130-150 ℃, and the mixing and mixing problems of raw materials are ensured and the production quality of the rubber is ensured through setting basic parameters of the internal mixer.
The rotating speed of the rotor of the internal mixer is preferably 30-35 r/min, more preferably 31-34 r/min, and more preferably 32-33 r/min; the kneading temperature is preferably 130 to 150 ℃, more preferably 135 to 145 ℃, still more preferably 131 to 149 ℃, still more preferably 130 to 140 ℃, still more preferably 133 to 147 ℃.
In order to further improve the tensile strength and the elongation of the rubber, perfecting and refining the rubber formula and better ensuring the service life of the cable, the method further comprises the following step 6: and (3) placing the strip-shaped rubber formed in the step (5) for 16 hours, extruding and forming the strip-shaped rubber to form a corresponding shape, and extruding the strip-shaped rubber after the rubber is placed for a period of time to further ensure vulcanization of the rubber and realize performance assurance of the rubber.
The rubber with high tensile strength and elongation provided by the invention can form a synergistic effect among the components through specific component composition and component selection, so that the tensile strength and elongation of the rubber are further ensured, and the service life of the cable is further ensured.
Experiments show that the tensile strength TB of the cable made of the rubber is more than or equal to 20.0MPa, the elongation at break EB is more than or equal to 500 percent, and the cable is not broken after passing 200 ten thousand times of deflection tests.
For further explanation of the present invention, the rubber for a cable and the preparation method provided by the present invention are described in detail with reference to the following examples, but it should be understood that these examples are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given only for further explanation of the features and advantages of the present invention, and not limitation of the claims of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The raw materials in the following examples are all commercially available products.
Example 1
1000g of No. 1 smoke sheet rubber, 50g of nano zinc oxide, 12g of cross-linking agent (WY 988), 12g of vulcanizing agent (VA-7), 10g of DCP, 8g of DM8g, 5g of stearic acid, 25g of phenolic tackifying resin, 180g of N539 carbon black, 150g of precipitated white carbon black, 150g of 4000-mesh talcum powder, 50g of No. 32 engine oil, 15g of anti-aging agent MB, 15g of anti-aging agent RD, 30g of No. 68 paraffin wax, mixing the No. 1 smoke sheet rubber for 1min, adding nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin, mixing for 1min, adding carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin wax, mixing for 2.5min, discharging and filtering the finally mixed rubber, rolling into a rubber sheet with the thickness of 1.2mm, adding the cross-linking agent (WY 988), the vulcanizing agent (VA-7) and DCP for 0.8min, rolling the secondarily mixed rubber into a strip rubber with the thickness of 0.8mm and the width of 150mm, storing for 16h, and extruding the obtained rubber into a corresponding rolled shape.
Experiments were carried out on the cable prepared in example 1 of the present invention, wherein the tensile strength TB is 21.0MPa, the elongation at break EB is 550%, and the cable is broken after passing 210 ten-thousand flex tests.
Example 2
1000g of No. 1 smoke sheet rubber, 50g of nano zinc oxide, 12g of cross-linking agent (WY 988), 12g of vulcanizing agent (VA-7), 10g of DCP, 8g of stearic acid, 5g of phenolic tackifying resin, 25g of N539 carbon black, 180g of precipitated white carbon black, 150g of 4000-mesh talcum powder, 50g of No. 32 engine oil, 15g of anti-aging agent MB, 15g of anti-aging agent RD, 30g of No. 68 paraffin wax, mixing the No. 1 smoke sheet rubber for 1.5min, adding nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin, mixing for 1.2min, adding carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin, mixing for 3.0min, discharging and filtering the finally mixed rubber, rolling into a rubber sheet with the thickness of 1.5mm, adding the cross-linking agent (WY 988), the vulcanizing agent (VA-7) and DCP, mixing for 1min, rolling the secondarily mixed rubber into a strip rubber with the thickness of 1mm and the width of 160mm, storing for 16h, and extruding the obtained rubber into a corresponding shape.
Experiments were carried out on the cable prepared in example 2 of the present invention, wherein the tensile strength TB is 30MPa, the elongation at break EB is 600%, and the cable is broken after 300 ten-thousand times of bending tests.
Example 3
1000g of No. 1 smoke sheet rubber, 60g of nano zinc oxide, 13g of cross-linking agent (WY 988), 13g of vulcanizing agent (VA-7), 11g of DCP, 9g of stearic acid, 8g of phenolic tackifying resin, 28g of N539 carbon black 200g of precipitated white carbon black, 160g of 4000-mesh talcum powder, 60g of No. 32 engine oil, 17g of anti-aging agent MB, 17g of anti-aging agent RD, 35g of No. 68 paraffin, mixing the No. 1 smoke sheet rubber for 1min, adding nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin for 1min, adding the carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin for 2.5min, discharging and filtering the finally mixed rubber, rolling into a rubber sheet with the thickness of 1.2mm, adding the cross-linking agent (WY 988), the vulcanizing agent (VA-7) and DCP for 0.8min, rolling the secondarily mixed rubber into a strip rubber with the thickness of 0.8mm and the width of 150mm, storing for 16h, and extruding the obtained rubber into corresponding rolled rubber.
Experiments were carried out on the cable prepared in example 3 of the present invention, wherein the tensile strength TB is 25MPa, the elongation at break EB is 590%, and the cable is broken after 280 ten-thousand times of bending tests.
Example 4
1000g of No. 1 smoke sheet rubber, 70g of nano zinc oxide, 14g of cross-linking agent (WY 988), 14g of vulcanizing agent (VA-7), 11g of DCP, 9g of stearic acid, 29g of phenolic tackifying resin, 210g of N539 carbon black, 170g of precipitated white carbon black, 170g of 4000-mesh talcum powder, 65g of No. 32 engine oil, 19g of anti-aging agent MB, 19g of anti-aging agent RD, 38g of No. 68 paraffin, mixing the No. 1 smoke sheet rubber for 1.3min, adding nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin, mixing for 1.1min, adding carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin, mixing for 2.8min, discharging and filtering the finally mixed rubber, rolling into a rubber sheet with the thickness of 1.4mm, adding the cross-linking agent (WY 988), the vulcanizing agent (VA-7) and DCP, mixing for 1min, rolling the secondarily mixed rubber into a strip rubber with the thickness of 1mm and the width of 155mm, storing for 16h, and extruding the obtained rubber into a corresponding shape.
Experiments were carried out on the cable prepared in example 4 of the present invention, wherein the tensile strength TB is 35MPa, the elongation at break EB is 610%, and the cable is broken after 330 ten-thousand times of bending tests.
Example 5
1000g of No. 1 tobacco flake rubber, 80g of nano zinc oxide, 15g of cross-linking agent (WY 988), 15g,DCP 12g,DM10g g of vulcanizing agent (VA-7), 10g of stearic acid, 30g of phenolic tackifying resin, 22g of N539 carbon black, 18g of precipitated white carbon black, 180g of 4000-mesh talcum powder, 70g of No. 32 engine oil, 20g of anti-aging agent MB, 20g of anti-aging agent RD, and 40g of No. 68 paraffin wax are selected, the No. 1 tobacco flake rubber is mixed for 1.5min, nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin are added for mixing for 1.2min, the carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin are added for mixing for 3.0min, the finally mixed sizing material is discharged and filtered, the sizing material is rolled into a sizing material with the thickness of 1.5mm, the cross-linking agent (WY 988), the vulcanizing agent (VA-7) and DCP are added for mixing for 1min, the sizing material after secondary mixing is rolled into a strip rubber with the thickness of 1mm and the width of 160mm, and the sizing material is extruded after storage for 16h to prepare the corresponding shape.
Experiments were carried out on the cable prepared in example 5 of the present invention, wherein the tensile strength TB is 40MPa, the elongation at break EB is 650%, and the cable is broken after 350 ten thousand times of bending tests.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is recognized as a practical example, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but is to be accorded the full scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A rubber for a cable, comprising:
100.0 parts by mass of tobacco flake rubber, 5.0 to 8.0 parts by mass of nano zinc oxide, 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass of cross-linking agent WY988, 1.2 to 1.5 parts by mass of vulcanizing agent VA-7, 1.0 to 1.2 parts by mass of DCP, 0.8 to 1.0 part by mass of DM, 0.5 to 1.0 part by mass of stearic acid, 2.5 to 3.0 parts by mass of phenolic tackifying resin, 33.0 to 40.0 parts by mass of carbon black, 15.0 to 18.0 parts by mass of talcum powder, 5.0 to 7.0 parts by mass of engine oil, 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of anti-aging agent and 3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of paraffin;
33.0 to 40.0 parts by mass of carbon black, wherein the carbon black comprises the following components in parts by mass: 18.0 to 22.0 parts by mass of N539 carbon black and 15.0 to 18.0 parts by mass of white carbon black;
3.0 to 4.0 parts by mass of the anti-aging agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5 to 2.0 parts by mass of an anti-aging agent MB and 1.5 to 2.0 parts by mass of an anti-aging agent RD;
the tobacco flake adhesive is No. 1 tobacco flake adhesive,
wherein the rubber for the cable is prepared by the following method:
the rubber for the cable is mixed by adopting an engaged internal mixer, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing tobacco flake rubber for 1.0-1.5 min, adding nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin, mixing for 1.0-1.2 min, adding carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin, and mixing for 2.5-3.0 min;
step 2: filtering the mixed mixture by adopting a stainless steel filter screen with 80 meshes to remove impurities;
step 3: rolling the filtered sizing material into a film with the thickness of 1.2-1.5mm by adopting a three-roller calender;
step 4: adding a cross-linking agent WY988, a vulcanizing agent VA-7 and DCP into the film formed in the step 3, and then carrying out secondary mixing for 0.8-1 min;
step 5: rolling the sizing material after secondary mixing by a three-roller calender to form strip-shaped rubber with the thickness of 0.8-1mm and the width of 150-160 mm.
2. The rubber for a cable according to claim 1, wherein the engine oil is No. 32 engine oil.
3. The rubber for cables according to claim 1, wherein the paraffin wax is No. 68 paraffin wax.
4. The rubber for cables according to claim 1, wherein the talc is 4000 mesh talc.
5. A process for producing a rubber for electric cables according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by mixing with a meshing type internal mixer, comprising the steps of:
step 1: mixing tobacco flake rubber for 1.0-1.5 min, adding nano zinc oxide, DM, stearic acid and phenolic tackifying resin, mixing for 1.0-1.2 min, adding carbon black, talcum powder, engine oil, anti-aging agent and paraffin, and mixing for 2.5-3.0 min;
step 2: filtering the mixed mixture by adopting a stainless steel filter screen with 80 meshes to remove impurities;
step 3: rolling the filtered sizing material into a film with the thickness of 1.2-1.5mm by adopting a three-roller calender;
step 4: adding a cross-linking agent WY988, a vulcanizing agent VA-7 and DCP into the film formed in the step 3, and then carrying out secondary mixing for 0.8-1 min;
step 5: rolling the sizing material after secondary mixing by a three-roller calender to form strip-shaped rubber with the thickness of 0.8-1mm and the width of 150-160 mm.
6. The method for producing a rubber for a cable according to claim 5, wherein the rubber is kneaded by a mesh internal mixer, wherein the rotational speed of the rotor of the internal mixer is 30-35 r/min and the kneading temperature is 130-150 ℃.
7. The method for producing a rubber for electric cables according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising step 6: and (3) placing the strip-shaped rubber formed in the step (5) for 16 hours, and then extruding and forming to form the corresponding shape.
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