CN113214092A - Method for synthesizing tetramethylammonium chloride - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing tetramethylammonium chloride Download PDFInfo
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- CN113214092A CN113214092A CN202110488633.1A CN202110488633A CN113214092A CN 113214092 A CN113214092 A CN 113214092A CN 202110488633 A CN202110488633 A CN 202110488633A CN 113214092 A CN113214092 A CN 113214092A
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- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/68—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing tetramethylammonium chloride, which is characterized in that trimethylamine gas reacts with chloromethane gas in an anhydrous solvent to synthesize tetramethylammonium chloride. The invention synthesizes by using the anhydrous solvent and the gas raw material, screens and improves the reaction medium, obtains an efficient synthesis method, greatly improves the yield of the tetramethylammonium chloride product, ensures that the quality of the tetramethylammonium chloride product reaches the electronic grade level, and can be successfully applied to large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic synthesis, in particular to a method for synthesizing tetramethylammonium chloride.
Background
Tetramethylammonium chloride has a wide range of applications in many industries, as emulsifiers, dye fixatives, wetting agents, softeners, antistatic agents, phase transfer catalysts, etc., and is widely used in the daily chemical, textile, printing and dyeing, mining, plastic processing, oil recovery, petrochemical, and electronics industries. Therefore, the improvement and optimization of the synthesis process have positive significance.
The traditional synthesis process of the tetramethylammonium chloride is obtained by reacting methyl chloride with 30% trimethylamine aqueous solution under the action of a catalyst, and the tetramethylammonium chloride is very soluble in water, so that the reaction and the post-treatment are extremely difficult, the product yield is low, the quality is not high, and the process is difficult to be applied to large-scale production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a synthetic method of tetramethylammonium chloride, which synthesizes the tetramethylammonium chloride by using an anhydrous solvent and a gas raw material, screens and improves a reaction medium to obtain an efficient synthetic method, so that the yield of the tetramethylammonium chloride product is greatly improved, the quality of the tetramethylammonium chloride product reaches an electronic level, and the tetramethylammonium chloride product can be successfully applied to large-scale production to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the synthesis process of tetramethylammonium chloride includes the reaction of trimethylamine gas and chloromethane gas in anhydrous solvent to synthesize tetramethylammonium chloride, and the chemical reaction equation is as follows:
preferably, the method for synthesizing tetramethylammonium chloride specifically comprises the following steps:
a. adding a non-aqueous solvent into a reaction kettle, and then introducing a certain amount of trimethylamine gas;
b. sealing the reaction kettle, slowly introducing equivalent chloromethane gas while stirring, and maintaining the pressure in the reaction kettle below a certain value;
c. continuously stirring until the pressure in the reaction kettle is reduced to a certain value, starting to concentrate under reduced pressure, and recovering the anhydrous solvent;
d. and observing the material condition in the reaction kettle, stopping concentrating until the material is viscous, and then sequentially cooling, throwing and drying to obtain the tetramethylammonium chloride product.
Preferably, the method further comprises measuring the content of the tetramethylammonium chloride product by a titration method and measuring the content of sodium and potassium by an atomic spectrometry method, and then calculating the yield.
Preferably, the content of the tetramethylammonium chloride product measured by the titration method is more than or equal to 99 percent; the content of sodium is less than or equal to 0.00002 percent and the content of potassium is less than or equal to 0.00003 percent, which are measured by an atomic spectrometry; the yield is more than or equal to 90 percent.
Preferably, the anhydrous solvent is any one of anhydrous methanol, anhydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethyl acetate.
Preferably, the pressure in the reaction kettle is maintained at 1Kg/cm while the equivalent amount of methyl chloride gas is slowly introduced in the step b2The following.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention synthesizes by using the anhydrous solvent and the gas raw material, screens and improves the reaction medium, obtains an efficient synthesis method, greatly improves the yield of the tetramethylammonium chloride product, ensures that the quality of the tetramethylammonium chloride product reaches the electronic grade level, and can be successfully applied to large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the specific steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Pumping 1000L of anhydrous methanol into a 2000L reaction kettle, then opening a trimethylamine valve, cooling, introducing 400kg of trimethylamine gas, after the end, opening stirring, closing a reaction kettle emptying valve and a material pumping valve, and opening methyl chlorideA valve for slowly introducing 350kg of methyl chloride gas in total, adjusting the aeration speed according to the pressure condition in the reaction kettle, and maintaining the pressure in the reaction kettle to be not more than 1kg/cm2After the reaction is finished, the stirring is continued until the pressure of the reaction kettle is reduced to 0.1kg/cm2Then, the atmospheric valve is opened, the residual gas is put into a gas absorption kettle, then, the pressure is reduced and the anhydrous methanol is recycled until the materials in the reaction kettle are viscous, and the white tetramethylammonium chloride 712kg is obtained after cooling, material throwing and drying. Content determination: the content of the tetramethylammonium chloride product is 99.56 percent, the content of sodium is 0.00002 percent, the content of potassium is 0.00003 percent, and the calculated yield is 96 percent.
Example 2
Pumping 1000L of absolute ethyl alcohol into a 2000L reaction kettle, then opening a trimethylamine valve, introducing 400kg of trimethylamine gas under cooling, after the reaction is finished, opening stirring, closing a reaction kettle emptying valve and a material pumping valve, opening a methyl chloride valve, slowly introducing 350kg of total methyl chloride gas, adjusting the aeration speed according to the pressure condition in the reaction kettle, and maintaining the pressure in the reaction kettle to be not more than 1kg/cm2After the reaction is finished, the stirring is continued until the pressure of the reaction kettle is reduced to 0.1kg/cm2And then, opening an emptying valve, putting the residual gas into a gas absorption kettle, then, concentrating under reduced pressure, recovering absolute ethyl alcohol until the materials in the reaction kettle are viscous, cooling, throwing materials, and drying to obtain 710kg of white tetramethylammonium chloride. Content determination: the tetramethylammonium chloride product content was 99.51%, the sodium content was 0.000015%, the potassium content was 0.000022%, and the calculated yield was 95.7%.
Example 3
Pumping 1000L of anhydrous ethyl acetate into a 2000L reaction kettle, then opening a trimethylamine valve, introducing 400kg of trimethylamine gas while cooling, after the reaction is finished, opening stirring, closing a reaction kettle emptying valve and a material pumping valve, opening a methyl chloride valve, slowly introducing 350kg of total methyl chloride gas, adjusting the aeration speed according to the pressure condition in the reaction kettle, and maintaining the pressure in the reaction kettle to be not more than 1kg/cm2After the reaction is finished, the stirring is continued until the pressure of the reaction kettle is reduced to 0.1kg/cm2Opening a vent valve, putting the residual gas into a gas absorption kettle, then concentrating under reduced pressure, recovering the solvent until the content in the reaction kettleThe material is viscous, cooled, thrown and dried to obtain 705kg of white tetramethylammonium chloride. Content determination: the tetramethylammonium chloride product content was 99.45%, the sodium content was 0.000018%, the potassium content was 0.00003%, and the calculated yield was 95%.
The raw materials, anhydrous solvents and yields in the examples are as follows:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Raw material one | Trimethylamine gas 400kg | Trimethylamine gas 400kg | Trimethylamine gas 400kg |
| Raw material II | 350kg of chloromethane gas | 350kg of chloromethane gas | 350kg of chloromethane gas |
| Anhydrous solvent | 1000L of anhydrous methanol | 1000L of absolute ethyl alcohol | Acetic acid 1000L anhydrous |
| Yield of the product | 712kg | 710kg | 705kg |
The results of the content measurement in each example are shown in the following table:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Tetramethylammonium chloride product content (%) | 99.56 | 99.51 | 99.45 |
| Sodium content (%) | 0.00002 | 0.000015 | 0.000018 |
| Potassium content (%) | 0.00003 | 0.000022 | 0.00003 |
| Yield (%) | 96 | 95.7 | 95 |
In conclusion, the invention synthesizes by using the anhydrous solvent and the gas raw materials, screens and improves the reaction medium, obtains the high-efficiency synthesis method, greatly improves the yield of the tetramethylammonium chloride product, ensures that the quality of the tetramethylammonium chloride product reaches the electronic level, and can be successfully applied to large-scale production.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for synthesizing tetramethylammonium chloride is characterized in that:
trimethylamine gas reacts with chloromethane gas in an anhydrous solvent to synthesize tetramethylammonium chloride, and the chemical reaction equation is as follows:
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the synthesis of tetramethylammonium chloride comprises: the method for synthesizing the tetramethylammonium chloride specifically comprises the following steps:
a. adding a non-aqueous solvent into a reaction kettle, and then introducing a certain amount of trimethylamine gas;
b. sealing the reaction kettle, slowly introducing equivalent chloromethane gas while stirring, and maintaining the pressure in the reaction kettle below a certain value;
c. continuously stirring until the pressure in the reaction kettle is reduced to a certain value, starting to concentrate under reduced pressure, and recovering the anhydrous solvent;
d. and observing the material condition in the reaction kettle, stopping concentrating until the material is viscous, and then sequentially cooling, throwing and drying to obtain the tetramethylammonium chloride product.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the synthesis of tetramethylammonium chloride comprises: also comprises measuring the content of the tetramethylammonium chloride product by a titration method, measuring the content of sodium and the content of potassium by an atomic spectrometry method, and calculating the yield.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the synthesis of tetramethylammonium chloride comprises: the content of the tetramethylammonium chloride product determined by the titration method is more than or equal to 99 percent; the content of sodium is less than or equal to 0.00002 percent and the content of potassium is less than or equal to 0.00003 percent, which are measured by an atomic spectrometry; the yield is more than or equal to 90 percent.
5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the synthesis of tetramethylammonium chloride comprises: the anhydrous solvent is any one of anhydrous methanol, anhydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethyl acetate.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the synthesis of tetramethylammonium chloride comprises: in the step b, the pressure in the reaction kettle is maintained at 1Kg/cm when the equivalent chloromethane gas is slowly introduced2The following.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the synthesis of tetramethylammonium chloride comprises: stirring in the step c until the pressure in the reaction kettle is reduced to 0.1Kg/cm2The following.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5929280A (en) * | 1996-07-23 | 1999-07-27 | Tokuyama Corporation | Process for the preparation of aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium hydroxides |
| JP2000319233A (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-21 | Lion Akzo Kk | Purification of halogenated quaternary ammonium salt solution |
| CN101870659A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-10-27 | 江苏扬农化工集团有限公司 | Preparation method for tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide and application |
| CN104163763A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-11-26 | 安徽奔马先端科技有限公司 | New synthesis method of high purity quaternary ammonium salt |
| CN104974048A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-14 | 湖州欧美新材料有限公司 | High-purity tetraalkylammonium chloride water solution, preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2021-05-06 CN CN202110488633.1A patent/CN113214092A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5929280A (en) * | 1996-07-23 | 1999-07-27 | Tokuyama Corporation | Process for the preparation of aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium hydroxides |
| JP2000319233A (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-21 | Lion Akzo Kk | Purification of halogenated quaternary ammonium salt solution |
| CN101870659A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-10-27 | 江苏扬农化工集团有限公司 | Preparation method for tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide and application |
| CN104974048A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-14 | 湖州欧美新材料有限公司 | High-purity tetraalkylammonium chloride water solution, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104163763A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-11-26 | 安徽奔马先端科技有限公司 | New synthesis method of high purity quaternary ammonium salt |
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