CN113213658A - Method for improving filtering speed of filter material - Google Patents
Method for improving filtering speed of filter material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113213658A CN113213658A CN202110455405.4A CN202110455405A CN113213658A CN 113213658 A CN113213658 A CN 113213658A CN 202110455405 A CN202110455405 A CN 202110455405A CN 113213658 A CN113213658 A CN 113213658A
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- sewage
- filter material
- oxidant gas
- strong oxidant
- pipeline
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the filtering speed of a filtering material, which comprises the following steps: 1) firstly, adding strong oxidant gas into sewage to oxidize, decompose and/or break water-soluble polymers and/or polymer residues in the sewage so as to enhance the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material; 2) then the sewage is filtered by the filter material so as to be reinjected after reaching the standard. The invention can effectively solve the problem that the filtering speed and the filtering performance of the filtering material are seriously influenced by the water-soluble polymer and the emulsified oil, can greatly reduce the dosage and the operation cost of demulsification and dehydration and sewage treatment of a united station, and can greatly reduce the sludge yield; the method has the advantages of easy implementation, safety, reliability, wide application, easy popularization and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas production and/or water treatment, in particular to a method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material.
Background
At present, a large amount of sewage generated in the crude oil exploitation and production process is generally treated by methods such as sedimentation (or air flotation), filtration and the like and then reinjected into an oil layer or a stratum; as shown in fig. 1, the sewage treatment method can be summarized as follows: the water-containing crude oil (also called produced liquid) produced by the oil well 100 enters a separation dehydration device (also called a three-phase separator) 103 through a valve 101 and an oil collecting pipeline (also called an oil production pipeline) 102; in the separation dehydration device 103, the separated associated gas (also called natural gas) enters a natural gas pipeline 104 for further treatment, the separated crude oil enters a crude oil pipeline 105 for further treatment, and the separated sewage enters an oil removal device 107 through a sewage pipeline 106; in the oil removing device 107, the separated dirty oil enters a dirty oil pipeline 108 for further treatment, and the sewage after oil removal enters a sedimentation (or air flotation) device 109; in the sedimentation (or air flotation) device 109, the separated oily sludge (sludge for short) enters a drying (also called drying and solid-liquid separation) system 121 for further treatment through a sewage discharge pipeline 110, and sewage after sludge separation enters a filtering device 116 through a sewage pump 110 and a sewage inlet valve 113; in the filtering device 116, the sewage is filtered by the filtering material to reach the standard and is injected into an oil layer or a stratum through the filtered sewage outlet valve 117, the water injection storage tank 118, the water injection pump 119 and the water injection well 120, the filtered suspended solids and the backwash water entering the filtering device 116 from the backwash water inlet valve 114 enter the oil removing device 107 through the backwash water outlet valve 115 and the backwash water recovery pipeline 112,
further, as shown in fig. 2, the filtering device 116 used in the sewage treatment method generally includes a housing 200, a filtering material 201, a backwash water inlet 202, a filtered sewage outlet 203, a sewage inlet 204, and a backwash water outlet 205. The working principle can be summarized as follows: when sewage entering the sewage inlet 204 passes through the filter material 201, suspended solids 206 contained in the sewage are intercepted by the filter material 201, so that standard sewage is formed and leaves the filtering device 116 from the filtered sewage outlet 203; as the suspended solids 206 in the filter material 201 gradually increase, the speed of the sewage passing through the filter material 201 gradually decreases (i.e., the filtering speed of the filter material 201 gradually decreases); when the filtering speed of the filtering material 201 is reduced to a certain value, the filtering material 201 cannot effectively filter the sewage, and the filtering speed of the filtering material 201 needs to be recovered by backwashing. During backwashing, the sewage inlet valve 113 and the filtered sewage outlet valve 117 are closed first, and sewage filtering is stopped; then, the backwash water inlet valve 114 and the backwash water outlet valve 115 are opened, the sewage or clean water reaching the standard enters the bottom of the filter material 201 from the backwash water inlet 202, so that the filter material 201 is suspended, and the suspended solids 206 among the filter material 201 are carried out of the filter device 116, thereby recovering the filtering speed of the filter material 201.
The method has the following defects:
1. polymers in the sewage can adhere to and wrap the periphery of the filter material, so that the pressure difference of the filter device 116 is greatly increased, the filter speed of the filter material is rapidly reduced, the backwashing effect of the filter material is extremely poor, and even the filter material loses the filtering function; further, the problems that the treatment capacity of the filter tank is insufficient, the filtered sewage cannot meet the reinjection requirement of the oil field, the reinjection pressure is greatly increased and the like are caused, and the crude oil exploitation and production are seriously influenced.
As is known in the art: the polymer flooding (namely polymer flooding), the binary combination flooding (namely surfactant + polymer flooding) and the ternary combination flooding (namely surfactant + polymer + alkaline substance flooding) are commonly applied to domestic oil fields, and the used polymer is generally ultra-high molecular weight polyacrylamide or modified polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of more than 1000 ten thousand; polyacrylamide is a water-soluble polymer, forms mucus after being dissolved in water, and belongs to the category of colloid; the sewage reinjection which does not reach the standard can cause the blockage of an injected oil layer or a stratum, so that the pressure of a water injection system is increased, the energy consumption of water injection is increased, the productivity of an oil well is greatly reduced, and even the sewage reinjection can not be carried out and the stratum energy can not be supplemented in serious cases.
Take the third combination station of Shenyang oil field as an example.
The produced liquid (or water-containing crude oil) is treated by the united station at a day of about 6000 prescriptions/day, and the sewage is treated and reinjected at a day of about 5000 prescriptions/day. The sewage treatment process flow of the combined station can be summarized as follows: the produced liquid from the oil well enters a three-phase separator and is separated into crude oil, natural gas and sewage after removal, the crude oil and the natural gas are further treated, the sewage after removal sequentially passes through an inclined plate of an oil removal tank for oil removal, natural sedimentation of a sedimentation tank, pressurization of a sewage pump and filtration of a filter tank to reach the standard, and then the sewage enters a water injection storage tank and is conveyed to a water injection well for reinjection by a water injection pump.
Before the oil well governed by the united station applies the water-soluble polymer oil displacement method, sewage after dewatering does not contain polymers, the content of suspended solids is less than 50mg/L, and the content of suspended solids of the sewage after filtration by a filter tank is less than 2 mg/L; the filtering material of 4 filtering tanks is quartz sand and walnut shell mixed filtering material, the backwashing system is that the filtered sewage is backwashed once after 8 hours, namely the filtered sewage, and the water injection requirement can be met after the sewage is filtered after continuous application for 3 years.
However, at present, after the oil well governed by the united station applies the water-soluble polymer oil displacement method, the polymer content of sewage after the oil well is removed is about 20mg/L, and the suspended solid content is as high as more than 360 mg/L; although 4 filter tanks used in the station still adopt quartz sand and walnut shell mixed filter materials, and adopt strengthening measures such as greatly improving backwashing strength (namely backwashing water flow) by 1.5 times and backwashing frequency (or frequency) by 1 time (namely filtering sewage for 4 hours, namely backwashing once with filtered sewage), the suspended solid content of the sewage filtered by the filter tanks still reaches more than 70mg/L, and the suspended solid content of reinjection sewage still reaches more than 60mg/L, which exceeds the water injection quality index and analysis method SY/T5329-2012 of clastic rock oil reservoir and the water injection index specified by Shenyang oil field by more than 30 times, and the pressure of a water injection system is greatly increased; moreover, the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the filter tank is increased by more than 1 time than that before the oil well applies the water-soluble polymer oil displacement method, the filtration water yield (namely the filtration rate) is reduced by more than 60 percent than that before the oil well applies the water-soluble polymer oil displacement method, and the backwash water consumption is increased by more than 150 percent than that before the oil well applies the water-soluble polymer oil displacement method; has led to the problem that the combined station can not meet the sewage filtering task by using 4 existing filtering tanks at present.
2. The method of using detergent or/and acid and alkali to soak and wash the filter material is ineffective, and can not effectively solve the problems that the filter material is slow in filtering speed and the filtered water does not reach the standard.
Take the third combination station of Shenyang oil field as an example.
This combination station has carried out the chemical cleaning production test of filter tank filter material in order to solve the problem that 4 present filter tanks filtration speed slows down, pressure differential increase, backwash effect is poor, filter water yield reduces by a wide margin, and the result shows: after a detergent or/and an acid and an alkali are/is added into a filter tank to fully soak and wash the quartz sand and walnut shell mixed filter material, the suspended solid content of the filtered sewage is still more than 30mg/L, and the suspended solid content is not obviously different from that before the filter material is soaked and washed by the detergent or/and the acid and the alkali, so that the water quality index of clastic rock oil reservoir water injection and an analysis method SY/T5329-2012 and the water injection index specified by a Shenyang oil field are not met; and after the filter material is soaked and washed by detergent or/and acid and alkali, the pressure difference of a filter tank, the filter material filtering speed, the filtering water yield, the backwashing water consumption and the backwashing frequency are not obviously changed (or improved).
3. The method can not solve the problems of demulsification and dehydration of polymer-containing produced liquid (or water-containing crude oil) and great increase of the dosage of sewage treatment, and can not solve the problems of great amount of polymer-containing sewage sludge, frequent tank cleaning and the like, thereby not only greatly increasing the operation cost and the oil extraction cost of a combined station, but also greatly increasing the management workload and the labor intensity, and increasing the difficulty in environmental protection and treatment.
Take the third combination station of Shenyang oil field as an example.
Before the oil well controlled by the united station applies the water-soluble polymer oil displacement method, the dosage of a demulsifier is 50 kg/day, and the dosage of a water purifying agent (cationic polyacrylamide) is 0; the three-phase separator and the water injection storage tank are used for more than 30 years and do not need to be cleaned; the sludge production amount is less than 3000 square/year.
However, at present, after the oil well governed by the united station applies the water-soluble polymer oil displacement method, the dosage of a demulsifier is increased by 1 time to more than 100 kg/day, and the dosage of a water purifying agent (cationic polyacrylamide) is as high as 800 kg/day; the bottoms of the three-phase separator and the water injection storage tank continuously form a large amount of slurry mucus containing suspended solids, and the production must be stopped and cleaned once every 6 months; the sludge production is increased by several times to over 15000 square/year.
Disclosure of Invention
The "filter material" in the invention: is the abbreviation or general name and the general name of the filter material; can be quartz sand, gravel, anthracite, cobblestone, manganese sand, magnetite filter material, fruit shell filter material, foam filter beads, porcelain sand filter material, ceramsite, garnet filter material, medical stone filter material, sponge iron filter material, activated alumina balls, zeolite filter material, volcanic rock filter material, granular activated carbon, fiber balls, fiber bundle filter material, comet type fiber filter material and the like; or filter media such as filter cloth, filter screen, filter element, filter paper, filter membrane, etc.
"filtration rate" in the present invention: also called filtration rate, filtration rate for short; and may also refer to filtration efficiency.
"dehydration" in the present invention: also known as demulsification, refers to the removal of water from crude oil.
"reinjection" in the present invention: also called water injection, is short for injecting sewage into oil layer or stratum; or may refer to re-injecting water from the reservoir (or formation) back into the reservoir (or formation).
The "colloid" in the present invention: also known as colloidal dispersions; may be water-soluble high molecular polymer, oil-soluble high molecular polymer; it may be an emulsion or a suspension; other solid materials with particle diameter of 1 nm-100 nm can also be mentioned.
"suspended solids" in the present invention: also called mechanical impurities or mechanical impurities, suspended matters and solid matters; the water quality index and analysis method SY/T5329-2012 of clastic rock reservoir water injection is the suspended solid described in the Standard of clastic rock reservoir water injection quality index and analysis method SY/T5329-2012; it may also refer to precipitates or suspensions that are insoluble in oil and in the specified solvent, such as silt, dust, iron filings, fibers, and certain insoluble salts.
The term "polymer-containing wastewater" in the present invention means: wastewater containing a water-soluble polymer.
The "sewage reaching the standard" in the invention refers to: sewage meeting the standard of clastic rock oil reservoir water injection quality index and analysis method SY/T5329-2012 or meeting the requirement of oil field water injection index; the term "meets the standard" means that the standard is met or the requirement of oilfield flooding indexes is met.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for improving the filtering speed of a filtering material; the method overcomes the defects of the existing sewage treatment and filtration method, solves the problem that the filtration speed and the filtration performance of the existing filter material are seriously influenced by water-soluble polymers, emulsified oil, colloid, oil stain and the like, can greatly reduce the dosage and the operation cost of demulsification and dehydration and sewage treatment of a combined station, and can greatly reduce the sludge yield; the method has the advantages of easy implementation, safety, reliability, wide application, easy popularization and the like.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
the invention relates to a method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, adding strong oxidant gas into sewage to oxidize, decompose and/or break water-soluble polymers and/or polymer residues in the sewage so as to enhance the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material;
2) then the sewage is filtered by the filter material so as to be reinjected after reaching the standard.
Further, in order to accelerate the speed of the strong oxidant gas for oxidative decomposition of the water-soluble polymer, in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas is firstly added into the sewage, and then the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas passes through the catalyst and contacts with the catalytic filler in the catalyst, so as to accelerate the speed and efficiency of the strong oxidant gas for oxidative decomposition or/and crushing the water-soluble polymer or/and the polymer residue in the sewage.
Preferably, the catalyst comprises a shell, a filler net rack, catalytic fillers, a sewage inlet and a sewage outlet; one end of the shell is connected with the sewage inlet, and the other end of the shell is connected with the sewage outlet; a filler net rack is arranged in the shell, and holes are uniformly distributed on the filler net rack; catalytic fillers are placed in the filler net rack.
Preferably, the catalyst refers to a container in which catalytic filler is placed; the catalytic filler is any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter materials, medical stone filter materials, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter materials, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina balls, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles or a mixture of any more than two of the transition metal chips, the transition metal fibers, the manganese sand, the ceramsite, the porcelain sand filter materials, the medical stone filter materials, the granular manganese oxide, the iron ore particles, the copper ore particles, the aluminum ore particles, the ilmenite particles, the titanium-iron slag, the high titanium slag, the titanium ore particles, the granular alumina, the molecular sieves, the zeolite filter materials, the porous silicon-aluminum-silicon solid blocks, the activated alumina balls, the granular transition metal oxides, the transition metal sinter, the rare earth metal sinter, the granular activated carbon and the noble metal catalyst particles.
Further, in order to enhance the diffusion speed of the strong oxidant gas, further enhance the oxidative decomposition speed of the strong oxidant gas and reduce the waste of the strong oxidant gas, in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline in front of a sewage pump by using a strong oxidant gas adding system and a strong oxidant gas pipeline; the strong oxidant gas adding system is any one of a packed tower, a spray tower, a plate tower, a bubble tower, a stirrer, a static mixer, a packed static mixer and a bubble device or any combination of more than two of the packed tower, the spray tower, the plate tower, the bubble tower, the stirrer, the static mixer and the packed static mixer.
Preferably, any one of or a mixture of more than two of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter material, medical stone filter material, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter materials, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina balls, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles is/are placed in the strong oxidant gas adding system, so that the oxidative decomposition of the strong oxidant gas or/and the crushing of the water-soluble polymer or/and the polymer residue can be accelerated when the strong oxidant gas contacts the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas.
Further, in order to enhance the diffusion speed of the strong oxidant gas, further enhance the oxidative decomposition speed of the strong oxidant gas and reduce the waste of the strong oxidant gas, in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas in the dosing pipeline (or the dosing flow channel) is firstly sucked by a jet device, and then the sucked strong oxidant gas is mixed with the sewage in the sewage pipeline; the jet device is a device working by utilizing a venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a venturi tube or any combination of more than two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the venturi tube.
Further, in order to enhance the diffusion speed of the strong oxidant gas, further enhance the oxidative decomposition speed of the strong oxidant gas and reduce the waste of the strong oxidant gas, in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas is added into the bubbling device by a dosing pipeline, and then the strong oxidant gas is mixed with the sewage in the sewage pipeline; the bubbling device comprises a shell with an air outlet and a filler; the filler is any one of a porous medium, a Raschig ring and a pall ring or any combination of any two or more of the porous medium, the Raschig ring and the pall ring.
Preferably, the bubbling device is any one of a perforated tube, a slit tube, a sintered tube, and a fiber braided tube, or any combination of any two or more thereof.
Preferably, the housing is a fibre-woven mesh, basket or bag.
Further, in order to reduce the installation cost or improve the sewage without fire, in the step 1), a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline is firstly introduced into the jet device by the water conduit and is mixed with the strong oxidant gas sucked from the dosing pipeline (or the dosing runner), and then the sewage and the strong oxidant gas are sent back to the sewage pipeline by the vapor-liquid mixing pipe so as to add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage in the sewage pipeline; the jet device is a device working by utilizing a venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a venturi tube or any combination of more than two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the venturi tube.
Further, in order to more easily add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage in the sewage pipeline, in the step 1), the opening degree of a valve of the sewage pipeline is firstly reduced, so that the pressure behind the valve is reduced; then a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline is led into the jet device by a water conduit and is mixed with strong oxidant gas sucked from the drug adding pipeline (or the drug adding runner); then the gas-liquid mixing pipe is used for sending the sewage and the strong oxidant gas back to the sewage pipeline so as to add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage of the sewage pipeline; the jet device is a device working by utilizing a venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a venturi tube or any combination of more than two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the venturi tube.
Further, in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage pipeline with higher pressure, in step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to be higher than the pressure of the sewage pipeline by using a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage pipeline before the sewage pump through a dosing pipeline.
Further, in order to prevent sewage in the sewage pipeline from flowing backwards into a dosing (or strong oxidant) pipeline or/and a dosing device, in the step 1), strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage from the top of the sewage pipeline through the dosing pipeline.
Further, in order to prevent sewage in the sewage pipeline from flowing backwards into the dosing (or strong oxidant) pipeline or/and the dosing device, in the step 1), the lowest elevation of the horizontal section of the dosing pipeline is higher than the top of the sewage pipeline.
Further, in step 1), the strong oxidant gas is a strong oxidant in a gaseous state at normal temperature and pressure or/and is a mixture in which any one or any two or more of chlorine gas, chlorine monoxide, ozone air, chlorine dioxide, nitrogen peroxide, fluorine gas, and oxygen difluoride are mixed at any ratio without causing a chemical reaction.
Further, in step 1), the strong oxidant gas refers to air or/and oxygen or nitrogen containing at least one of chlorine, chlorine monoxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide, nitrogen peroxide, fluorine gas, and oxygen difluoride at a concentration of more than 0.0001%.
Further, in step 1), the sewage refers to any one of produced water, produced liquid, oil field sewage, polymer-containing sewage, gas field sewage, oil-containing sewage, refining sewage, fracturing flow-back fluid, water injection well flow-back fluid, polymer injection well flow-back sewage, slaughtering sewage, tanning sewage, papermaking sewage, medical sewage and landfill leachate or a mixture of any two or more of the produced water, the produced liquid, the oil field sewage, the polymer-containing sewage, the fracturing flow-back fluid, the water injection well flow-back fluid and the polymer injection well flow-back sewage.
Further, in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), firstly, sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters the filtering material to be continuously oxidized and decomposed or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage are filtered out through the filtering material, so that the sewage can reach the standard and then is injected into an oil layer or a stratum; then, carrying the insoluble gas at the top of the filter material into a backwashing water recovery pipeline by utilizing backwashing water flowing from bottom to top through periodic backwashing so as to leave the filter device for further treatment; the insoluble gas refers to a gas which is insoluble in water, and can contain a strong oxidant gas or not.
Further, in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas is firstly filtered through the filtering material to filter suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then, the insoluble gas on the top of the filter material is put into a backwashing water recovery pipeline at regular time and is further treated by a method of opening and closing a backwashing water outlet valve at regular time.
Further, in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas is firstly filtered through the filtering material to filter suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then, according to the liquid level reading of the liquid level meter, the insoluble gas at the top of the filter material is placed into a backwashing water recovery pipeline at regular time (or/and quantitatively) by a method of opening and closing a backwashing water outlet valve or automatically adjusting the opening degree of the backwashing water outlet valve; the liquid level meter is any one of a glass tube (or glass plate) liquid level meter, a magnetic turning plate liquid level meter and a differential pressure (or pressure type) liquid level meter.
Further, in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas is firstly filtered through the filtering material to filter suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then, a liquid level control system is used for opening and closing a backwashing water outlet valve or automatically adjusting the opening degree of the backwashing water outlet valve, and insoluble gas at the top of the filter material is placed into a backwashing water recovery pipeline at regular time (or/and quantitative); the liquid level control system can be any one of a floating ball liquid level mechanical control system, an interface instrument (or a liquid level instrument) liquid level automatic control system and an electromagnetic automatic control system.
Further, in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas is firstly filtered through the filtering material to filter suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then, according to the liquid level reading of the liquid level meter, the insoluble gas at the top of the filter material is emptied at fixed time (or/and fixed quantity) by using a method of opening and closing a deflation valve at fixed time or automatically adjusting the opening of the deflation valve.
Further, in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas is firstly filtered through the filtering material to filter suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then the insoluble gas at the top of the filter material is emptied at fixed time (or/and fixed quantity) by using a method of opening and closing a vent valve or automatically adjusting the opening degree of the vent valve by using a liquid level control system.
Further, in the step 2), the filter material is mixed or/and contains more than 0.001% of catalytic filler.
Preferably, the catalytic filler is any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter materials, medical stone filter materials, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter materials, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina spheres, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles or a mixture of any more than two of the transition metal chips, the transition metal fibers, the manganese sand, the ceramsite, the porcelain sand filter materials, the medical stone filter materials, the granular manganese oxide, the iron ore particles, the titanium ore particles, the granular alumina, the molecular sieves, the zeolite filter materials, the porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, the activated alumina spheres, the granular transition metal oxides, the transition metal sinter, the rare earth metal sinter, the granular activated carbon and the noble metal catalyst particles.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
the invention relates to a method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, more than 0.001 percent of catalytic filler is mixed into the filter material;
2) then adding strong oxidant gas into a sewage inlet pipeline in front of the filtering device through a dosing pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, thereby reducing the sludge yield and enhancing the capability of the sewage passing through a filtering material;
3) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters a filtering device through a sewage inlet valve and a sewage inlet, and the catalytic action of the catalytic filler is utilized to rapidly oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues so as to further enhance the capability of the sewage passing through the filtering material; and simultaneously, suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage are filtered by using the filter material, so that the sewage reaches the standard and then is discharged through a filtered sewage outlet and a filtered sewage outlet valve, and the sewage is separated from the filter material and is injected into an oil layer or a stratum.
Further, in step 1), the catalytic filler is any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter material, medical stone filter material, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter material, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina spheres, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon, noble metal catalyst particles, or a mixture of any two or more of them in any proportion.
Furthermore, in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the filtering device with higher pressure, in step 2), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is firstly increased to be higher than the pressure of the sewage inlet pipeline of the filtering device by using a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage inlet pipeline in front of the filtering device through a dosing pipeline.
Furthermore, in order to prevent sewage in the sewage pipeline from flowing backwards into the dosing (or strong oxidant) pipeline or/and the dosing device, in the step 2), the lowest elevation of the horizontal section of the dosing pipeline is higher than the top of the sewage pipeline.
Further, in step 2), strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage from the top of the sewage pipeline through a dosing pipeline.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the third technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
the invention relates to a method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline before a sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device through a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, and the sludge yield is reduced and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is fed into a settling (or/and air flotation) device to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break up water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and the settling or/and air flotation is utilized to reduce the content of suspended solids in the sewage so as to reduce the content of the suspended solids in the sewage fed into a filtering device.
Furthermore, in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device with a higher liquid level, in the step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is firstly increased to be higher than the pressure of the sewage pipeline before the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device by using a compressor or/and an air pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage pipeline before the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device through a medicine adding pipeline.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a fourth technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
the invention relates to a method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline in front of an oil removal device through a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are oxidized, decomposed or/and crushed, and the sludge yield is reduced, and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is fed into an oil removing device to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and the oil removing device is used for reducing the content of emulsified oil in the sewage so as to reduce the content of emulsified oil in the sewage which is fed into a settling (or/and air flotation) device and a filtering device.
Further, in order to enhance the diffusion speed of the strong oxidant gas, further enhance the oxidative decomposition speed of the strong oxidant gas and reduce the waste of the strong oxidant gas, in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas in the pipeline is firstly sucked by a jet device, and then the sucked strong oxidant gas is mixed with sewage in a sewage pipeline before the oil removing device; the jet device is a device working by utilizing a venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a venturi tube or the combination of more than any two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the venturi tube.
Further, in order to reduce the installation cost or in order to achieve fireless transformation, in step 1), a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline is firstly introduced into the jet device by the water conduit, mixed with the strong oxidant gas sucked from the pipeline, and then the sewage and the strong oxidant gas are sent back to the sewage pipeline by the vapor-liquid mixing pipe, so that the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage in the sewage pipeline.
Further, in order to more easily add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage in the sewage pipeline, in the step 1), the opening degree of a valve on the sewage pipeline is firstly closed, so that the sewage pressure behind the valve is lower than the sewage pressure in front of the valve; then a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline is introduced into the jet device by a water conduit in front of the valve and is mixed with strong oxidant gas sucked from the pipeline; then the gas-liquid mixing pipe is used for returning the sewage and the strong oxidant gas to the sewage pipeline behind the valve.
Furthermore, in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the oil removing device with a high liquid level, in step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to a pressure higher than that of a sewage pipeline in front of the oil removing device by using a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage pipeline in front of the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device through a medicine adding pipeline.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a fifth technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
the invention relates to a method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, adding strong oxidant gas into an oil collecting pipeline in front of a separation dehydration device through a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in produced liquid are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, thereby reducing the sludge yield and enhancing the capability of sewage passing through a filter material;
2) then the produced liquid containing strong oxidant gas is fed into a separation dehydration device to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues so as to reduce the polymer content and emulsified oil content of the sewage separated by the separation dehydration device, and further reduce the emulsified oil content of the sewage fed into an oil removal device, a sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device and a filtering device.
Further, in order to fully utilize the flowing time of the produced liquid in the oil collecting pipeline for oxidative decomposition or/and crushing of the water-soluble polymer, in the step 1), strong oxidant gas is added into the oil collecting pipeline behind the valve through the pipeline.
Further, in order to be able to add the strong oxidant gas into the oil collection line, in step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to a pressure higher than that of the oil collection line by using a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the oil collection line through the line.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a sixth technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
the invention relates to a method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, adding strong oxidant gas into a sewage pipeline in front of a sewage buffer tank through a dosing pipeline to oxidize, decompose or/and crush water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage so as to reduce the sludge yield and enhance the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters a buffer tank to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues so as to further reduce the sludge yield and enhance the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material;
3) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is passed through sewage pump and sewage inlet valve, and fed into filtering device to continuously make oxidation decomposition or/and break water-soluble polymer or/and polymer residue, and the suspended solid and emulsified oil in the sewage are filtered by using filtering material in the filtering device so as to make the sewage come up to standard, and then passed through filtered sewage outlet valve, water-injecting storage tank, water-injecting pump and water-injecting well and injected into oil layer or stratum.
Further, in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the buffer tank with a higher liquid level, in step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to be higher than that of the oil collecting pipeline by using a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage pipeline in front of the buffer tank through a medicine adding pipeline.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a seventh technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
the invention relates to a method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline before a sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device through a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, and the sludge yield is reduced and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters a sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and the sedimentation or/and air flotation action is utilized to reduce the content of suspended solids in the sewage so as to reduce the content of the suspended solids in the sewage entering a filtering device;
3) then the separated oil-containing sludge (sludge for short) enters a drying (also called drying and solid-liquid separation) system through a sewage discharge pipeline by a sedimentation (or/and air floatation) device, and strong oxidant gas is added into the oil-containing sludge in the sewage discharge pipeline by a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the oil-containing sludge are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, and the sludge yield is further reduced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention overcomes the defects of the existing sewage treatment and filtration method, solves the problem that the filtration speed and the filtration performance of the existing filter material are seriously influenced by water-soluble polymers, emulsified oil, colloid, oil stain and the like, can greatly reduce the dosage and the operation cost of demulsification and dehydration and sewage treatment of a united station, and can greatly reduce the sludge yield; the method has the advantages of easy implementation, safety, reliability, wide application, easy popularization and the like.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a conventional sewage treatment method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a filtering apparatus used in a conventional sewage treatment method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter material in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a laboratory test apparatus in examples 1 and 19;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the method of increasing the filtration rate of the filter material in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a catalyst in embodiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a laboratory test apparatus in example 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter material according to example 3;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter material according to example 5;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 6;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 7;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 8;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of the system structure of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter material in examples 9 and 10;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 11;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 12;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 13;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 14;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing the construction of a system for increasing the filtration rate of the filter media in example 16;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter media according to example 18;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 19;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing the construction of a system for increasing the filtration speed of a filter medium in example 23;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view showing the construction of a system for increasing the filtration speed of a filter medium in example 24;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter medium in example 25;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of a filter medium according to example 26;
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the system configuration of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter media in examples 33 and 34;
fig. 26 is a schematic system configuration diagram of the method for increasing the filtration speed of the filter material in examples 35 and 36.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 3, a method for increasing the filtering speed of a filter material comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline 301 in front of a sewage pump 111 through a drug adding pipeline 300, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in sewage are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, and the sludge yield is reduced and the capability of sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas passes through the sewage pump 111 and the sewage inlet valve 113 in turn to enter the filtering device 116 for continuous oxidative decomposition or/and breaking of water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and the filtering material in the filtering device 116 is used for filtering suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage, so that the sewage reaches the standard and then passes through the filtered sewage outlet valve 117, the water injection storage tank 118, the water injection pump 119 and the water injection well 120 in turn to be injected into an oil layer or a stratum.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the half-life period of ozone decomposition in normal temperature and normal pressure air is about 16h, and the decomposition speed in water is faster than that in air; if the concentration of ozone in water is 3mg/L, the half-life period is 5-30 min. Therefore, the ozone added into the sewage can not be immediately decomposed, and can be continuously decomposed along with the flow of the sewage.
Indoor test shows that: 23mg/L of water-soluble polymer is contained in the sewage at the water inlet of the filter tank of the third combination station of the Shenyang oil field; filtering the sewage by using a single-layer filter paper, wherein the volume of the filtrate filtered out after 8 minutes is less than 180ml (180 ml); as can be seen by eye observation, after the 200ml of sewage is filtered for 8 minutes, the filtering speed of the residual sewage is remarkably slow; according to the method that the dropping speed of the filtrate is less than 1 drop/minute and the filtration is finished, the test result of filtering 200ml of sewage by using the single-layer filter paper is as follows: the time taken for the filtrate to have a volume of 180ml was 8 minutes, and the time taken for the filtrate to have a volume of 190ml was 10 minutes or more (in terms of 10 minutes).
Further laboratory tests showed that: referring to fig. 4, 500ml polymer-containing wastewater 401 at the water inlet of the filter tank of the third combination station of the Shenyang oilfield is added into a glass container 400 with a diameter of 50mm, then an insertion pipe 402 is inserted to the bottom of the polymer-containing wastewater 401, and a rubber plug 404 is covered; then, air with ozone concentration of 2 wt% (or 26mg/L) is added to the bottom of the polymer-containing wastewater 401 at a flow rate of 0.2 liter/second by using an insertion pipe 402, and is then bubbled to a cavity 405, and then the mixture is sent to a tail gas treatment device 406 through a tail gas pipe 403 to be absorbed and treated by an absorption liquid 407; it is visually observed that the polymer-containing wastewater 401 shows a small amount of flocs after about 1 minute of the ozone-containing air entering the polymer-containing wastewater 401. After the ozone-containing air enters the polymer-containing wastewater 401 for 60 minutes, the ozone-containing air is stopped from being added into the polymer-containing wastewater 401, and the polymer-containing wastewater 401 in the glass container 400 is uniformly shaken for detection, so that the following results are obtained: the content of the water-soluble polymer in the polymer-containing wastewater 401 is less than 5 mg/L; the polymer-containing wastewater 401 in the glass container 400 was left standing for 1 hour, and it was visually observed that a solid precipitate was formed at the bottom of the polymer-containing wastewater 401.
Further experiments showed that: similarly, according to the method in which the dropping speed of the filtrate is less than 1 drop/min, the polymer-containing wastewater 401 in the glass container 400 is uniformly shaken, 200ml of the wastewater is extracted and filtered by using a single-layer filter paper, the time for the filtrate with the volume of 180ml is less than 5 minutes (in terms of 5 minutes), the time for the filtrate with the volume of 190ml is less than 6 minutes (in terms of 6 minutes), and the volume of the filtrate with the volume of 190ml is more than 194ml (in terms of 194 ml) after the filtration for 10 minutes.
Further experiments showed that: opening a filter tank for filtering polymer-containing sewage at a third combination station of the Shenyang oil field, and observing by eyes, wherein quartz sand and walnut shell filter materials are wrapped by mucus which cannot automatically flow out of the filter tank under the liquid level pressure of 5m water column; the detection shows that: the mucus contains polyacrylamide residue as main component, and is filtered through a filter paper for 5 min to obtain 0ml filtrate. Referring to fig. 4, 500ml of the mucus is put into a glass container 400 with a diameter of 50mm, then air with an ozone concentration of 2 wt% (or 26mg/L) is added to the bottom of the mucus at a flow rate of 0.2 liter/sec by using an insertion tube 402, and then the mucus is raised to a cavity 405 by bubbling, and then the mucus is sent to an exhaust gas treatment device 406 through an exhaust gas tube 403 to be absorbed and treated by an absorption liquid 407; it can be seen visually that the viscosity of the mucus decreased significantly after 5 minutes of ozone-containing air entering the mucus; after 60 minutes of ozone-containing air entering the mucus, the addition of ozone-containing air to the mucus is stopped, and 200ml of the mucus is taken and filtered through a filter paper for 15 minutes, so that more than 160ml of filtrate can be filtered out.
From the above tests, it can be seen that: ozone is added into polymer-containing sewage or mucus wrapping filter materials at a water inlet of a filter tank of a third combination station of the Shenyang oilfield, so that water-soluble polymers contained in the polymer-containing sewage can be oxidized, decomposed or crushed, and the capability of the sewage passing through the filter materials can be remarkably improved.
Further experiments showed that: the above tests were carried out with chlorine or chlorine monoxide, chlorine dioxide instead of ozone, with similar conclusions.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5, example 1 is repeated except that: in order to accelerate the oxidative decomposition of the water-soluble polymer by the strong oxidant gas, in step 1), the strong oxidant gas is fed into the sewage line 301 before the sewage pump 111 through the drug feeding line 300, and then the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas is passed through the catalyst 500 and contacted with the catalytic filler therein, so as to accelerate the oxidative decomposition of the strong oxidant gas or/and the crushing of the water-soluble polymer or/and the polymer residue in the sewage.
Further, referring to fig. 6, the catalyst 500 includes a housing 600, a filler net rack 601, a catalytic filler 604, a sewage inlet 602, and a sewage outlet 605; one end of the shell 600 is connected with a sewage inlet 602, and the other end is connected with a sewage outlet 605; a filling net rack 601 is arranged in the shell 600, and holes 603 are uniformly distributed on the filling net rack 601; catalytic filler 604 is placed in the filler grid 601.
Further, the catalyst refers to a container in which catalytic filler is placed; the catalytic filler is any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter materials, medical stone filter materials, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter materials, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina balls, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles or a mixture of any more than two of the transition metal chips, the transition metal fibers, the manganese sand, the ceramsite, the porcelain sand filter materials, the medical stone filter materials, the granular manganese oxide, the iron ore particles, the copper ore particles, the aluminum ore particles, the ilmenite particles, the titanium-iron slag, the high titanium slag, the titanium ore particles, the granular alumina, the molecular sieves, the zeolite filter materials, the porous silicon-aluminum-silicon solid blocks, the activated alumina balls, the granular transition metal oxides, the transition metal sinter, the rare earth metal sinter, the granular activated carbon and the noble metal catalyst particles.
Indoor tests show that: referring to fig. 7, 200ml of manganese sand 700 with the particle size of 2-3 mm is placed at the bottom of a glass container 400 with the diameter of 50mm, then 500ml of polymer-containing sewage 401 at the water inlet of a filter tank of a third combination station of a Shenyang oilfield is added into the glass container 400, then an insertion pipe 402 is inserted to the bottom of the polymer-containing sewage 401 and the manganese sand 700, and then a rubber plug 404 is covered; then, air with ozone concentration of 2 wt% (or 26mg/L) is added to the bottom of the polymer-containing wastewater 401 at a flow rate of 0.2 liter/second by using an insertion pipe 402, and is then bubbled to a cavity 405, and then the mixture is sent to a tail gas treatment device 406 through a tail gas pipe 403 to be absorbed and treated by an absorption liquid 407; visually, the manganese sand is suspended in the polymer-containing sewage 401 under the bubbling of ozone air and is irregularly turned over, when the ozone-containing air enters the polymer-containing sewage 401 for 10 minutes, the ozone-containing air is stopped from being added into the polymer-containing sewage 401, and the polymer-containing sewage 401 in the glass container 400 is uniformly shaken to be detected: the content of the water-soluble polymer in the polymer-containing wastewater 401 is less than 5 mg/L.
Comparing the above-mentioned laboratory test results with those shown in FIG. 4 of example 1 of the present invention, it can be seen that: under the same condition, the time for instantly oxidizing and decomposing the water-soluble polymer by ozone under the catalysis of the manganese sand is shortened from 60 minutes to 10 minutes, and the same oxidizing and decomposing effect can still be achieved; that is, the rate of the oxidative decomposition of the water-soluble polymer by ozone catalyzed by manganese sand can be increased by 5 times by decomposing the same amount of water-soluble polymer under the same conditions.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 8, example 1 is repeated except that: in order to enhance the diffusion speed of the strong oxidant gas, further enhance the oxidative decomposition speed of the strong oxidant gas and reduce the waste of the strong oxidant gas, in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage pipeline 301 in front of the sewage pump 111 by using a strong oxidant gas adding system 800 and a strong oxidant gas pipeline 801; the strong oxidant gas adding system is any one of a packed tower, a spray tower, a plate tower, a bubble tower, a stirrer, a static mixer, a packed static mixer and a bubble device or the combination of more than two of the packed tower, the spray tower, the plate tower, the bubble tower, the stirrer, the static mixer and the packed static mixer.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the dissolution speed and the diffusion speed of the gas in water are both slow; taking the third combination station of the Shenyang oil field as an example, the length of a sewage pipeline from a sewage pump to a filter tank is less than 100 meters, and the flowing time of sewage in the sewage pipeline is less than 2 minutes; ozone is difficult to decompose within 2 minutes.
Example 4
Example 3 was repeated with the following differences: in order to accelerate the oxidative decomposition of the water-soluble polymer by the strong oxidant gas, any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter material, medical stone filter material, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieve, zeolite filter material, porous silicon-aluminum solid block, activated alumina balls, granular transition metal oxide, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles or a mixture of any more than two of the transition metal chips, the transition metal fibers, the manganese sand, the ceramsite, the porcelain sand, the medical stone filter material, the granular manganese oxide, the iron ore particles, the copper ore particles, the aluminum ore particles, the ilmenite particles, the ferrotitanium slag, the high titanium slag, the titanium ore particles, the granular alumina, the molecular sieve, the zeolite filter material, the porous silicon-aluminum solid block, the granular activated carbon, the granular transition metal oxide, the transition metal sinter, the rare earth metal sinter, the granular activated carbon and the noble metal catalyst particles are mixed in any proportion, so that when it contacts the sewage containing strong oxidant gas, it can accelerate the oxidative decomposition of strong oxidant gas or/and break up water-soluble polymer or/and polymer residue.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 9, example 1 is repeated except that: in order to enhance the diffusion speed of the strong oxidant gas, further enhance the oxidative decomposition speed of the strong oxidant gas and reduce the waste of the strong oxidant gas, in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas in the dosing pipeline (or dosing flow channel) 300 is firstly sucked by the jet device 900, and then the sucked strong oxidant gas is mixed with the sewage in the sewage pipeline 301; the jet device is a device working by utilizing a venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a venturi tube or the combination of more than any two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the venturi tube.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the ejector and the jet pump generally work by utilizing a venturi effect, and can suck air and form a gas-liquid mixture by utilizing water in a pipeline.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 10, example 1 is repeated except that: in order to enhance the diffusion speed of the strong oxidant gas, further enhance the oxidative decomposition speed of the strong oxidant gas and reduce the waste of the strong oxidant gas, in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas is added into the bubbling device 1000 by the medicine adding pipeline 300, and then the strong oxidant gas is mixed with the sewage in the sewage pipeline 301; the bubbling device 1000 comprises a shell 1003 with an air outlet 1002 and a filler 1001; the filler is any one of a porous medium, a Raschig ring and a pall ring or the combination of any two or more of the porous medium, the Raschig ring and the pall ring.
Further, the bubbling device 1000 may be any one of a perforated tube, a slit tube, a sintered tube, and a fiber-woven tube, or a combination of any two or more thereof.
Further, the housing 1003 is a fiber woven net or a basket or a bag.
Example 7
Referring to fig. 11, example 1 is repeated except that: in order to reduce the installation cost or to modify without fire, in step 1), a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline 301 is firstly introduced into the jet device 900 by the water conduit 1100, mixed with the strong oxidant gas sucked from the dosing pipeline (or dosing runner) 300, and then the sewage and the strong oxidant gas are sent back to the sewage pipeline 301 by the vapor-liquid mixing pipe 1101 so as to add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage in the sewage pipeline 301; the jet device 900 is a device that works by utilizing the venturi effect, and may be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element, and a venturi tube, or a combination of any two or more thereof.
Example 8
Referring to fig. 12, examples 1 and 7 were repeated except that: in order to more easily add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage in the sewage pipeline, in the step 1), the opening degree of the valve 1200 is firstly closed, so that the pressure behind the valve 1200 is reduced; then a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline 301 is introduced into the jet device 900 by the water conduit 1100 to be mixed with the strong oxidant gas sucked from the drug feeding pipeline (or drug feeding runner) 300; the sewage and the strong oxidant gas are then returned to the sewer line 301 by the vapor-liquid mixing pipe 1101 so that the strong oxidant gas is added to the sewage in the sewer line 301; the jet device 900 is a device that works by utilizing the venturi effect, and may be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element, and a venturi tube, or a combination of any two or more thereof.
Known from the knowledge in the art: referring to fig. 12, when the valve 1200 is closed, the pressure of the water conduit 1100 is higher than the pressure of the steam-liquid mixing pipe 1101 and the valve 1200, so that the fluid can flow from the steam-liquid mixing pipe 1101 into the sewage pipeline 301 after the valve 1200.
Example 9
Referring to fig. 13, example 1 is repeated except that: in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), firstly, sewage containing strong oxidant gas sequentially passes through the sewage pump 111, the sewage inlet valve 113 and the sewage inlet 204 to enter the shell 200 and the filtering material 201 to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil in the sewage are filtered out through the filtering material 201, so that the sewage can reach the standard and then is injected into an oil layer or a stratum; then, through periodic backwashing, the insoluble gas 1300 at the top of the filter material 201 and the shell 200 is carried into the backwashing water outlet 205, the backwashing water outlet valve 115 and the backwashing water recovery pipeline 112 by the backwashing water flowing from bottom to top so as to leave the filter device 116 for further treatment; the insoluble gas refers to a gas which is insoluble in water, and can contain a strong oxidant gas or not.
Referring to fig. 2, a third combination station filter tank (or filter device) in a Shenyang oilfield is illustrated. The filter apparatus 116 shown in fig. 1 generally comprises a housing 200, a filter media 201, a backwash water inlet 202, a filtered effluent outlet 203, an effluent inlet 204, and a backwash water outlet 205; the sewage inlet 204 is positioned at the upper part of the shell 200, and the filtered sewage outlet 203 is positioned at the lower part of the shell 200, so that sewage passes through the filter material 201 from top to bottom in the shell 200 by means of pressure, and suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil in the sewage are removed by means of the filter material 201; a backwash water (namely backwash water) inlet 202 is positioned at the bottom of the shell 200, and a backwash water outlet 205 is positioned at the top of the shell 200, so that backwash water loosens and suspends the filter material 201 from bottom to top by means of hydraulic impact, and suspended solids (and emulsified oil) 206 in gaps of the filter material 201 are carried out of the shell 200; the backwashing water can be reinjection sewage reaching the standard, and can also be clean and clean water reaching the standard.
The principle and process of filtering and purifying sewage can be summarized as follows: sewage enters the upper part of the shell 200 through the sewage inlet valve 113 and the sewage inlet 204 in sequence and passes through the filter material 201 from top to bottom; when sewage passes through the filter material 201 from top to bottom, suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil contained in the sewage are intercepted by the filter material 201 to form filtered sewage; the filtered effluent, from which suspended solids 206, emulsified oil, are removed, exits the filter 201 through the filtered effluent outlet 203, 117 in the lower portion of the housing 200.
Therefore, as the amount of water passing through the filter material 201 increases gradually, the amount or volume of the suspended solids 206 in the filter material 201 necessarily increases gradually, and the speed of the sewage passing through the filter material 201 necessarily decreases gradually (i.e., the filtering speed of the filter material 201 necessarily decreases gradually); when the filtering speed of the filtering material 201 is reduced to a certain value, the filtering material 201 can not effectively filter the sewage any more or the filtering speed of the filtering material 201 can not meet the sewage treatment requirement, so the filtering speed of the filtering material 201 must be recovered by backwashing (reverse washing and cleaning for short).
The principle and process of backwashing can be summarized as follows: during backwashing, the sewage inlet valve 113 and the filtered sewage outlet valve 117 are closed first, and sewage filtering is stopped; then the backwash water inlet valve 114 and the backwash water outlet valve 115 are opened, the qualified reinjected sewage or clean qualified clean water enters the bottom of the filter material 201 of the shell 200 from the backwash water inlet valve 114 and the backwash water inlet 202 to flow from bottom to top, the filter material 201 is suspended by means of hydraulic impact, suspended solids 206 among the filter material 201 are carried out of the shell 200, and then leave the filter device 116 through the backwash water outlet 205, the backwash water outlet valve 115 and the backwash water recovery pipeline 112 to be further processed, so that the filtering speed of the filter material 201 is recovered.
Known from the knowledge in the art: after a certain amount of sewage is filtered by the filtering device, the filtering material is backwashed by the sewage which reaches the standard or clean water which reaches the standard, so that suspended solids, emulsified oil (or oil stains) and the like which are trapped in gaps of the filtering material are washed and cleaned out, and the filtering capacity of the filtering material is recovered; taking the third combination station of the Shenyang oil field as an example, after filtering the sewage by the filtering tank of the third combination station for 4 to 8 hours, the filtered sewage is used for carrying out backwashing once. The reinjection of the sewage after reaching the standard is as follows: the sewage meeting the water quality index and analysis method SY/T5329-2012 of clastic rock oil reservoir water injection or meeting the requirement of the oil field water injection index generally refers to the sewage meeting the requirement of the oil field water injection index after being filtered by a filter tank. The filtered sewage is as follows: the sewage filtered by the filter material (or the filter device) can be standard sewage or substandard sewage.
Known from the knowledge in the art: taking the third combination station of the Shenyang oil field as an example, the top of the filter tank of the station has a space of more than 0.5 meter, so that the gas is allowed to gather, and the gathered gas can leave the filter tank along with backwash water; the sewage filtered by the filtering tank enters a water injection storage tank and then is reinjected, the water injection storage tank is a normal-pressure horizontal tank which does not generally contain combustible gas, and the normal-pressure horizontal tank is generally communicated with the atmosphere through a vent pipe or a breather valve to allow the sewage to contain or/and separate out insoluble gas and strong oxidant gas.
Example 10
Referring to fig. 13, examples 1 and 9 were repeated except that: in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), firstly, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is filtered to obtain suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil in the sewage through the filtering material 201, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; the insoluble gas 1300 in the shell 200, the top of the filter media 201 is then periodically placed into the backwash water recovery line 112 and further processed by means of a timed switch backwash water outlet valve 115.
Example 11
Referring to fig. 14, examples 1 and 9 were repeated except that: in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), firstly, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is filtered to obtain suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil in the sewage through the filtering material 201, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then, according to the liquid level reading of the liquid level meter 1400, the insoluble gas 1300 at the top of the shell 200 and the filter material 201 is put into the backwash water recovery pipeline 112 at regular time (or/and quantitatively) by using a method of opening and closing the backwash water outlet valve 115 at regular time or automatically adjusting the opening of the backwash water outlet valve 115;
the liquid level meter 1400 is any one of a glass tube (or glass plate) liquid level meter, a magnetic flip plate liquid level meter and a differential pressure (or pressure type) liquid level meter.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the existing electric regulating valve can accurately set and control the flow of fluid in a pipeline, and can accurately set and control a gas-liquid interface in a closed container.
Example 12
Referring to fig. 15, examples 1 and 9 were repeated except that: in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), firstly, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is filtered to obtain suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil in the sewage through the filtering material 201, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then, the backwashing water outlet valve 115 is opened and closed or the opening degree of the backwashing water outlet valve 115 is automatically adjusted by the liquid level control system 1500, and the insoluble gas 1300 at the tops of the shell 200 and the filter material 201 is put into the backwashing water recovery pipeline 112 at regular time (or/and quantitative);
the liquid level control system 1500 may be any one of a mechanical floating ball liquid level control system, an automatic interface instrument (liquid level instrument) liquid level control system, and an electromagnetic automatic control system.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the existing automatic floating ball liquid level control system, the automatic interface instrument (liquid level instrument) liquid level control system and the automatic electromagnetic control system can accurately set and control a gas-liquid interface in the closed container.
Example 13
Referring to fig. 16, examples 1, 9 and 11 were repeated except that: in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), firstly, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is filtered to obtain suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil in the sewage through the filtering material 201, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then, according to the liquid level reading of the liquid level meter 1400, the insoluble gas 1300 at the top of the shell 200 and the filter material 201 is emptied at regular time (or/and quantitatively) by using a method of opening and closing the air release valve 1600 with a fixed time or automatically adjusting the opening degree of the air release valve 1600.
Example 14
Referring to fig. 17, examples 1, 9, 12 are repeated except that: in order to prevent the separated insoluble gas from gathering at the top of the filtering device to influence the filtering speed and performance of the filtering material, in the step 2), firstly, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is filtered to obtain suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil in the sewage through the filtering material 201, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then the insoluble gas 1300 at the top of the shell 200 and the filter material 201 is emptied at regular time (or/and quantitatively) by using the method of opening and closing the air release valve 1600 or automatically adjusting the opening degree of the air release valve 1600 by the liquid level control system 1500.
Example 15
Examples 1, 9-14 were repeated with the following differences: in the step 2), the filter material is mixed or/and contains more than 0.001 percent of catalytic filler.
Further, the catalytic filler is any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter materials, medical stone filter materials, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter materials, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina spheres, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles or a mixture of any more than two of the transition metal chips, the transition metal fibers, the manganese sand, the ceramsite, the porcelain sand filter materials, the medical stone filter materials, the granular manganese oxide, the iron ore particles, the titanium ore particles, the granular alumina, the molecular sieves, the zeolite filter materials, the porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, the activated alumina spheres, the granular transition metal oxides, the transition metal sinter, the rare earth metal sinter, the granular activated carbon and the noble metal catalyst particles.
Example 16
Referring to fig. 18, a method for increasing the filtration rate of a filter material includes the steps of:
1) firstly, more than 0.001 percent of catalytic filler 1800 is mixed into the filter material 201;
2) then, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage inlet pipeline 1801 in front of the filtering device 116 through a drug adding pipeline 300, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, and the sludge yield is reduced, and the capability of the sewage passing through the filter material 201 is enhanced;
3) then, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters the filtering device 116 through the sewage inlet valve 113 and the sewage inlet 204, and the catalytic action of the catalytic filler 1800 is utilized to rapidly oxidize, decompose or/and break the water-soluble polymer or/and the polymer residue, so as to further enhance the capability of the sewage passing through the filter material 201; meanwhile, the filter material 201 is used for filtering out suspended solids 206 and emulsified oil in the sewage, so that the sewage reaches the standard and then leaves the filter material 201 through a filtered sewage outlet 203 and a filtered sewage outlet valve 117 and is injected into an oil layer or a stratum.
Example 17
Example 16 was repeated with the difference that: in step 1), the catalytic filler 1800 is any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter material, medical stone filter material, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieve, zeolite filter material, porous silicon-aluminum solid block, activated alumina spheres, granular transition metal oxide, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon, and noble metal catalyst particles, or a mixture of any two or more of the transition metal chips, the transition metal fibers, the manganese sand, the ceramsite, the porcelain sand filter material, the medical stone filter material, the granular alumina, the molecular sieve, the zeolite filter material, the porous silicon-aluminum solid block, the porous silicon-aluminum-titanium-iron-titanium slag-titanium-iron-titanium-iron slag-titanium-slag solid block, the granular alumina-alumina solid rare earth metal sinter, the granular activated carbon-noble metal catalyst particles, or a mixture of any two or a mixture of the noble metal catalyst particles mixed in any ratio.
Example 18
Referring to fig. 19, a method for increasing the filtration rate of a filter material comprises the following steps:
1) strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline 1901 in front of the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device 109 through a pipeline 1900 to oxidize, decompose or/and break down water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage so as to reduce the sludge yield and enhance the capability of the sewage to pass through a filter material;
2) the wastewater containing the strong oxidant gas is then fed into the settling (or/and flotation) apparatus 109 to continue the oxidative decomposition or/and breaking up of the water-soluble polymer or/and polymer residue, and the settling or/and flotation is used to reduce the suspended solids content of the wastewater, so as to reduce the suspended solids content of the wastewater fed into the filtering apparatus 116.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the residues or/and small molecular substances formed by the decomposition and fragmentation of water-soluble high molecular polymers in oil reservoirs and surface oil recovery production systems are generally called polymer residues in the field, and the polymer residues and the water-soluble high molecular polymers which are not decomposed and are reversely discharged from the oil reservoirs are also generally called polymer residues in the field; taking the third combination station of Shenyang oil field as an example, the water-soluble polymer used by the oil well is water-soluble polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 1000-2500 ten thousand, and the water-soluble polymer can be slowly decomposed into small molecular substances in an oil layer and a pipeline and can flocculate suspended solids and emulsified oil. After polymer-containing sewage of the station enters 2 settling tanks which are operated in parallel and are 500-square, most suspended solids and emulsified oil contained in the sewage are adhered (or flocculated) together and naturally settle to the bottom of the tank by the action of gravity to form oil-containing sludge (sludge for short), and the oil-containing sludge enters a drying system for further treatment through a sewage discharge pipeline at regular intervals; the residual suspended solid and emulsified oil enter the filter tank along with sewage and are intercepted by the filter material, and then return to the settling tank along with backwashing water during backwashing of the filter material. The circulation is repeated, and suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage are finally settled out through the settling tank and finally enter the drying system.
Indoor detection shows that: after the sludge discharged from the settling tank of the station is dehydrated, the main components are water-soluble polymers, sandy soil and dirty oil.
The laboratory tests in example 1 show that: the ozone can reduce the content of water-soluble polymers in sewage at the water inlet of a filter tank of a third combination station of the Shenyang oilfield from 23mg/L to below 5 mg/L; thus, ozone can effectively reduce the sludge production of the combined plant.
Example 19
Referring to fig. 20, a method for increasing the filtration rate of a filter material comprises the following steps:
1) strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage pipeline 106 in front of the oil removing device 107 through a pipeline 2000, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, and the sludge yield is reduced and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters the oil removing device 107 to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break the water-soluble polymer or/and polymer residue, and the oil removing device 107 is used to reduce the content of emulsified oil in the sewage, so as to reduce the content of emulsified oil in the sewage entering the settling (or/and air floating) device 109 and the filtering device 116.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the water-soluble polymer can enable suspended solids and emulsified oil to be flocculated and adhered together, can enhance the viscosity of sewage, reduce the oil removal efficiency of the oil removal device 107 and further increase the sludge yield of the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device 109; the higher the content of the water-soluble polymer in the sewage, the lower the oil removal efficiency of the oil removal device 107, and the greater the sludge yield of the sedimentation (or/and flotation) device 109. Taking the third combination station of Shenyang oil field as an example, it uses 2 oil tanks with 500 square for oil removal.
Indoor test shows that: the sewage in the sewage pipeline 106 before the deoiling device 107 of the third combination station of the sunken oil field contains 25mg/L of water-soluble polymer and 330mg/L of suspended solid; filtering the sewage by using a single-layer filter paper, wherein the volume of the filtrate filtered out after 8 minutes is less than 150ml (per 150 ml); as can be seen by eye observation, after the 200ml of sewage is filtered for 8 minutes, the filtering speed of the residual sewage is remarkably slow; according to the method that the dropping speed of the filtrate is less than 1 drop/minute and the filtration is finished, the test result of filtering 200ml of sewage by using the single-layer filter paper is as follows: the time taken for a filtrate volume of 150ml was 8 minutes, and the time taken for a filtrate volume of 190ml was 18 minutes or more (in terms of 18 minutes).
Further laboratory tests showed that: referring to fig. 4, 500ml polymer-containing wastewater 401 in the wastewater line 106 before the third combination station oil removing device 107 in the Shenyang oilfield is added into a glass container 400 with a diameter of 50mm, and then an insertion tube 402 is inserted into the bottom of the polymer-containing wastewater 401, and a rubber plug 404 is covered; then, air with ozone concentration of 2 wt% (or 26mg/L) is added to the bottom of the polymer-containing wastewater 401 at a flow rate of 0.2 liter/second by using an insertion pipe 402, and is then bubbled to a cavity 405, and then the mixture is sent to a tail gas treatment device 406 through a tail gas pipe 403 to be absorbed and treated by an absorption liquid 407; it is visually observed that the polymer-containing wastewater 401 shows a small amount of flocs after about 1 minute of the ozone-containing air entering the polymer-containing wastewater 401. After the ozone-containing air enters the polymer-containing wastewater 401 for 120 minutes, the ozone-containing air is stopped from being added into the polymer-containing wastewater 401, and the polymer-containing wastewater 401 in the glass container 400 is uniformly shaken for detection, so that the following results are obtained: the content of the water-soluble polymer in the polymer-containing wastewater 401 is less than 3 mg/L.
Further experiments showed that: similarly, in the method in which the dropping speed of the filtrate is less than 1 drop/min, and the filtration is finished, the polymer-containing wastewater 401 in the glass container 400 is uniformly shaken, 200ml of the wastewater is extracted and filtered by using a single-layer filter paper, the time for the filtrate to have a volume of 150ml is less than 4 minutes (in terms of 4 minutes), the time for the filtrate to have a volume of 190ml is less than 9 minutes (in terms of 9 minutes), and the volume of the filtrate to have a volume of 194ml or more (in terms of 194 ml) is obtained when the filtration is carried out for 12 minutes.
Thus, it can be seen that: ozone is added into the polymer-containing sewage in the sewage pipeline 106 in front of the deoiling device 107 of the third combination station in the Shenyang oilfield, so that the filtering speed and the filtrate amount of the filter paper can be obviously improved; therefore, the ozone can oxidize, decompose or crush the water-soluble polymer contained in the polymer-containing sewage, and can remarkably improve or enhance the capability of the sewage passing through the filter material; and the oil removing efficiency of the oil removing device can be obviously improved, and the sludge yield of the combined station can be effectively reduced.
Further experiments showed that: the above tests were carried out with chlorine or chlorine monoxide, chlorine dioxide instead of ozone, with similar conclusions.
Example 20
Example 19 was repeated with the following differences: in order to enhance the diffusion speed of the strong oxidant gas, further enhance the oxidative decomposition speed of the strong oxidant gas and reduce the waste of the strong oxidant gas, in step 1), the strong oxidant gas in the pipeline 2000 is firstly sucked by a jet device, and then the sucked strong oxidant gas is mixed with the sewage in the sewage pipeline 106 before the oil removing device 107; the jet device is a device working by utilizing a venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a venturi tube or the combination of more than any two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the venturi tube.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the ejector and the jet pump generally work by utilizing a venturi effect, and can suck air by utilizing water in a pipeline and form a gas-liquid mixture; taking the third combination station of the sunken oil field as an example, the pressure of the sewage pipeline 106 before the oil removing device 107 is more than 0.2MPa, so that the ejector can suck air.
Example 21
Example 19 was repeated with the following differences: in order to reduce the installation cost or to avoid fire reconstruction, in step 1), a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline 106 is firstly introduced into the jet device by the water conduit and is mixed with the strong oxidant gas sucked from the pipeline 2000, and then the sewage and the strong oxidant gas are sent back to the sewage pipeline 106 by the vapor-liquid mixing pipe so as to add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage in the sewage pipeline 106; the jet device is a device working by utilizing a venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a venturi tube or the combination of more than any two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the venturi tube.
Example 22
Examples 19, 21 were repeated with the difference that: in order to more easily add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage in the sewage pipeline 106, in step 1), the opening of the valve on the sewage pipeline 106 is firstly closed, so that the sewage pressure behind the valve is lower than the sewage pressure in front of the valve; a small portion of the sewage in the sewage line 106 is then introduced into the jet device by a penstock in front of the valve, mixing with the strong oxidant gas pumped from the line 2000; the effluent and the strong oxidant gas are then returned to the post-valved effluent line 106 by the vapor-liquid mixing tube.
Example 23
Referring to fig. 21, a method for increasing the filtration rate of a filter material comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into an oil collecting pipeline 102 in front of a separation and dehydration device 103 through a pipeline 2100, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in produced liquid are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, and the sludge yield is reduced, and the capability of sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the produced liquid containing strong oxidant gas is led into the separation dehydration device 103 to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues so as to reduce the polymer content and emulsified oil content of the sewage separated by the separation dehydration device 103, and further reduce the emulsified oil content of the sewage entering the oil removal device 107, the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device 109 and the filtering device 116.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the water-soluble polymer can enable suspended solids and emulsified oil to be flocculated and adhered together, can enhance the viscosity of sewage, can greatly increase the demulsification difficulty of produced fluid, and can increase the emulsified oil amount of the sewage; the higher the polymer content in the produced liquid is, the higher the oil content of the sewage which is demulsified and removed is.
The laboratory tests of example 19 have demonstrated that: the strong oxidant gas can greatly reduce the content of water-soluble polymers in the sewage, so that the content of emulsified oil in the sewage separated by the separation and dehydration device 103 can be reduced, the yield of sludge can be reduced, and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material can be enhanced.
Example 24
Referring to fig. 22, example 23 is repeated except that: to take full advantage of the flow time of the production fluid within the oil collection line to oxidatively decompose or/and break up water soluble polymers, in step 1), a strong oxidant gas is added via line 2200 to the oil collection line 102 after valve 101.
Known from the knowledge in the art: the length of the oil collecting pipeline 102 is generally 0.5-5 km, and the flowing time of the produced liquid in the oil collecting pipeline is generally 2-24 hours.
Example 25
Referring to fig. 23, a method for increasing the filtration rate of a filter material comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline 301 in front of a sewage buffer tank 2300 through a drug adding pipeline 300, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are oxidized, decomposed or/and crushed, and the sludge yield is reduced, and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters a buffer tank 2300 to be continuously oxidized and decomposed or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, so that the sludge yield is further reduced, and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
3) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas passes through the sewage pump 111 and the sewage inlet valve 113 in turn to enter the filtering device 116 for continuous oxidative decomposition or/and breaking of water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and the filtering material in the filtering device 116 is used for filtering suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage, so that the sewage reaches the standard and then passes through the filtered sewage outlet valve 117, the water injection storage tank 118, the water injection pump 119 and the water injection well 120 in turn to be injected into an oil layer or a stratum.
Known from the knowledge in the art: taking the third combination station of the Shenyang oil field as an example, a sewage buffer tank 2300 is arranged in front of the sewage pump 111 so as to ensure the stable operation of the sewage pump.
Example 26
Referring to fig. 24, a method for increasing the filtration rate of a filter material includes the steps of:
1) strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline 1901 in front of the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device 109 through a pipeline 1900 to oxidize, decompose or/and break down water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage so as to reduce the sludge yield and enhance the capability of the sewage to pass through a filter material;
2) then, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device 109 to continue the oxidative decomposition or/and the crushing of the water-soluble polymer or/and the polymer residue, and the sedimentation or/and air flotation is used to reduce the content of suspended solids in the sewage so as to reduce the content of suspended solids in the sewage entering the filtering device 116;
3) then, when the separated oily sludge (sludge for short) enters a drying (also called drying and solid-liquid separation) system 121 through a sewage discharge pipeline 110 by a settling (or/and air floating) device 109, strong oxidant gas is added into the oily sludge in the sewage discharge pipeline 110 by a pipeline 2400 to oxidize, decompose or/and crush water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the oily sludge so as to further reduce the sludge yield.
Example 27
Examples 1-3, 5-8 were repeated with the following differences: in order to be able to add the strong oxidant gas to the higher pressure sewer line, the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to above the sewer line pressure in step 1) by means of a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added to the sewer line 301 before the sewage pump 111 via the dosing line 300.
Example 28
Example 16 was repeated with the difference that: in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the filtering device with higher pressure, in step 2), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to a pressure higher than that of the sewage inlet pipeline of the filtering device by using a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage inlet pipeline 1801 in front of the filtering device 116 through the chemical adding pipeline 300.
Example 29
Examples 18, 26 were repeated with the difference that: in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device with a higher liquid level, in step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to a pressure higher than that of the sewage line 1901 in front of the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device by using a compressor or/and an air pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage line 1901 in front of the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device 109 through the medicine adding line 1900.
Example 30
Example 19 was repeated with the following differences: in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the oil removing device with a high liquid level, in step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to a pressure higher than that of the sewage pipeline 106 in front of the oil removing device by using a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage pipeline 106 in front of the sedimentation (or/and air flotation) device 107 through the dosing pipeline 2000.
Example 31
Examples 23-24 were repeated with the following differences: in order to be able to feed the strong oxidant gas into the oil collection line, in step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to a pressure higher than that of the oil collection line by means of a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is fed into the oil collection line through the line.
Example 32
Example 25 was repeated with the difference that: in order to add the strong oxidant gas into the buffer tank with higher liquid level, in the step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is firstly increased to be higher than the pressure of the oil collecting pipeline by using a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline in front of the buffer tank through a medicine adding pipeline.
Example 33
Referring to FIG. 25, examples 1-3, 18-27, and 29-32 were repeated except that: in order to prevent sewage in the sewage pipeline from flowing backwards into the dosing (or strong oxidant) pipeline or/and the dosing device, in the step 1), strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage from the top of the sewage pipeline 301 through the dosing pipeline 300.
Example 34
Referring to fig. 25, examples 16, 28 are repeated except that: in order to prevent sewage in the sewage pipeline from flowing backwards into the dosing (or strong oxidant) pipeline or/and the dosing device, in the step 2), strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage from the top of the sewage pipeline 301 through the dosing pipeline 300.
Example 35
Referring to FIG. 26, examples 1-3, 18-27, and 29-32 were repeated except that: in order to prevent sewage in the sewage pipeline from flowing backwards into the dosing (or strong oxidant) pipeline or/and the dosing device, in the step 1), the lowest level of the horizontal section of the dosing pipeline 300 is higher than the top of the sewage pipeline 301.
Example 36
Referring to fig. 26, examples 16, 28 are repeated except that: in order to prevent sewage in the sewage pipeline from flowing back into the dosing (or strong oxidant) pipeline or/and the dosing device, in the step 2), the lowest level of the horizontal section of the dosing pipeline 300 is higher than the top of the sewage pipeline 301.
Example 37
Examples 1-14, 16, 18-34 were repeated with the following differences: in step 1), the strong oxidant gas is a strong oxidant which is in a gaseous state at normal temperature and normal pressure or/and is a mixture which does not generate a chemical reaction and is any one or any mixture of more than two of chlorine, chlorine monoxide, ozone air, chlorine dioxide, nitrogen peroxide, fluorine gas and oxygen difluoride mixed in any proportion.
Further, the strong oxidant gas refers to air or/and oxygen and nitrogen containing any one or two or more of chlorine, chlorine monoxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide, nitrogen peroxide and fluorine gas, and oxygen difluoride with a concentration of more than 0.0001%.
Example 38
Examples 1-3, 5-14, 16, 18-22, 25-30, 33-36 were repeated with the difference that: the sewage is any one of produced water, oil field sewage, gas field sewage, oily sewage, polymer-containing sewage, refining sewage, fracturing flow-back fluid, water injection well flow-back fluid, polymer injection well flow-back sewage, slaughter sewage, tanning sewage, papermaking sewage, medical sewage and garbage percolate or a mixture of more than two of the produced water, the oil field sewage, the gas field sewage, the oily sewage, the polymer-containing sewage, the refining sewage, the fracturing flow-back fluid, the water injection well flow-back fluid, the polymer injection well flow-back sewage, the slaughter sewage, the tanning sewage, the papermaking sewage, the medical sewage and the garbage percolate.
The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein to describe the orientation of the components are based on the orientation as shown in the figures of the drawings for convenience of description, and in actual systems, the orientation may vary depending on the manner in which the system is arranged.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications which are obvious to the technical scheme of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (37)
1. A method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, adding strong oxidant gas into sewage to oxidize, decompose and/or break water-soluble polymers and/or polymer residues in the sewage so as to enhance the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material;
2) then the sewage is filtered by the filter material so as to be reinjected after reaching the standard.
2. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), strong oxidant gas is added into the sewage, and then the sewage containing the strong oxidant gas passes through the catalyst and contacts with the catalytic filler in the catalyst, so that the speed and the efficiency of oxidative decomposition of the strong oxidant gas or/and crushing of water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are accelerated.
3. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 2, wherein: the catalytic converter comprises a shell, a filler net rack, catalytic fillers, a sewage inlet and a sewage outlet; one end of the shell is connected with the sewage inlet, and the other end of the shell is connected with the sewage outlet; a filler net rack is arranged in the shell, and holes are uniformly distributed on the filler net rack; catalytic fillers are placed in the filler net rack.
4. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 2, wherein: the catalyst is a container in which catalytic filler is placed; the catalytic filler is any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter materials, medical stone filter materials, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter materials, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina balls, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles or a mixture of any more than two of the transition metal chips, the transition metal fibers, the manganese sand, the ceramsite, the porcelain sand filter materials, the medical stone filter materials, the granular manganese oxide, the iron ore particles, the copper ore particles, the aluminum ore particles, the ilmenite particles, the titanium-iron slag, the high titanium slag, the titanium ore particles, the granular alumina, the molecular sieves, the zeolite filter materials, the porous silicon-aluminum-silicon solid blocks, the activated alumina balls, the granular transition metal oxides, the transition metal sinter, the rare earth metal sinter, the granular activated carbon and the noble metal catalyst particles.
5. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), adding strong oxidant gas into a sewage pipeline in front of a sewage pump by using a strong oxidant gas adding system and a strong oxidant gas pipeline; the strong oxidant gas adding system is any one of a packed tower, a spray tower, a plate tower, a bubble tower, a stirrer, a static mixer, a packed static mixer and a bubble device or any combination of more than two of the above.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of increasing the filtration rate of the filter material comprises: any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter materials, medical stone filter materials, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high-titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter materials, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina balls, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles or a mixture of any two of the above particles in any proportion is placed in the strong oxidant gas adding system, so that the speed of oxidative decomposition of the strong oxidant gas or/and crushing of water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues is accelerated when the strong oxidant gas contacts sewage containing the strong oxidant gas.
7. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the strong oxidant gas in the dosing pipeline or the dosing runner is firstly sucked by the jet device, and then the sucked strong oxidant gas is mixed with the sewage in the sewage pipeline.
8. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), adding strong oxidant gas into a bubbling device by using a dosing pipeline, and then mixing the strong oxidant gas with sewage in a sewage pipeline; the bubbling device comprises a shell with an air outlet and filler; the filler is any one of a porous medium, a Raschig ring and a pall ring or any combination of any two or more of the porous medium, the Raschig ring and the pall ring.
9. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 8, wherein: the bubbling device is any one of a porous pipe, a slotted pipe, a sintered pipe and a fiber braided pipe or any combination of more than two of the porous pipe, the slotted pipe, the sintered pipe and the fiber braided pipe.
10. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline is firstly led into the jet device by the water leading pipe to be mixed with the strong oxidant gas sucked from the dosing pipeline or the dosing runner, and then the sewage and the strong oxidant gas are sent back to the sewage pipeline by the vapor-liquid mixing pipe.
11. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the opening degree of a sewage pipeline valve is firstly reduced, so that the pressure behind the valve is reduced; then a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline is led into the jet device by a water conduit and is mixed with strong oxidant gas pumped from the dosing pipeline or the dosing runner; then the gas-liquid mixing pipe is used for sending the sewage and the strong oxidant gas back to the sewage pipeline.
12. A method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material according to any one of claims 7, 10 and 11, wherein: the jet device is a device working by utilizing a venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a venturi tube or any combination of more than two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the venturi tube.
13. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), firstly, the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters a filter material to be continuously oxidized and decomposed or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage are filtered out through the filter material, so that the sewage can be injected into an oil layer or a stratum after reaching the standard; then, carrying the insoluble gas at the top of the filter material into a backwashing water recovery pipeline by utilizing backwashing water flowing from bottom to top through periodic backwashing so as to leave the filter device for further treatment; the insoluble gas refers to a gas which is insoluble in water, and can contain a strong oxidant gas or not.
14. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), firstly, filtering the suspended solid and emulsified oil in the sewage by using the sewage containing strong oxidant gas through a filter material so as to ensure that the sewage reaches the standard and then is injected into an oil layer or a stratum; then, the insoluble gas on the top of the filter material is put into a backwashing water recovery pipeline at regular time and is further treated by a method of opening and closing a backwashing water outlet valve at regular time.
15. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), firstly, filtering the suspended solid and emulsified oil in the sewage by using the sewage containing strong oxidant gas through a filter material so as to ensure that the sewage reaches the standard and then is injected into an oil layer or a stratum; then, according to the liquid level reading of the liquid level meter, the insoluble gas at the top of the filter material is put into a backwashing water recovery pipeline at regular time or/and quantity by a method of opening and closing a backwashing water outlet valve or automatically adjusting the opening degree of the backwashing water outlet valve; the liquid level meter is any one of a glass tube or glass plate liquid level meter, a magnetic turning plate liquid level meter and a differential pressure type or pressure type liquid level meter.
16. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), firstly, filtering the suspended solid and emulsified oil in the sewage by using the sewage containing strong oxidant gas through a filter material so as to ensure that the sewage reaches the standard and then is injected into an oil layer or a stratum; then, a liquid level control system is used for opening and closing a backwash water outlet valve or automatically adjusting the opening degree of the backwash water outlet valve, and insoluble gas at the top of the filter material is placed into a backwash water recovery pipeline at regular time or/and fixed quantity; the liquid level control system can be any one of a floating ball liquid level mechanical control system, an interface instrument or a liquid level instrument liquid level automatic control system and an electromagnetic automatic control system.
17. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), firstly, filtering the suspended solid and emulsified oil in the sewage by using the sewage containing strong oxidant gas through a filter material so as to ensure that the sewage reaches the standard and then is injected into an oil layer or a stratum; then according to the liquid level reading of the liquid level meter, the insoluble gas at the top of the filter material is emptied at fixed time or/and fixed quantity by using a method of opening and closing a gas release valve at fixed time or automatically adjusting the opening of the gas release valve.
18. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), firstly, filtering the suspended solid and emulsified oil in the sewage by using the sewage containing strong oxidant gas through a filter material so as to ensure that the sewage reaches the standard and then is injected into an oil layer or a stratum; then the insoluble gas at the top of the filter material is emptied at fixed time or/and fixed quantity by using a method of opening and closing a gas release valve or automatically adjusting the opening degree of the gas release valve by using a liquid level control system.
19. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of any one of claims 1-2, 5-8, 10-11, 13-18, wherein: the strong oxidant gas is a strong oxidant which is in a gaseous state at normal temperature and normal pressure or/and is a mixture which is formed by mixing any one or more than two of chlorine, chlorine monoxide, ozone air, chlorine dioxide, nitrogen peroxide, fluorine gas and oxygen difluoride in any proportion without generating chemical reaction.
20. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of any one of claims 1-2, 5-8, 10-11, 13-18, wherein: the strong oxidant gas refers to air or/and oxygen and nitrogen containing one or more than two of chlorine, chlorine monoxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide, nitrogen peroxide and fluorine gas, wherein the concentration of the oxygen difluoride is more than 0.0001%.
21. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of any one of claims 1-2, 5-8, 10-11, 13-18, wherein: the sewage is any one of produced water, produced liquid, oil field sewage, polymer-containing sewage, gas field sewage, oil-containing sewage, refining sewage, fracturing flow-back fluid, water injection well flow-back fluid, polymer injection well flow-back sewage, slaughter sewage, tanning sewage, papermaking sewage, medical sewage and landfill leachate or a mixture of more than two of the produced water, the produced liquid, the oil field sewage, the polymer-containing sewage, the gas field sewage, the oil-containing sewage, the refining sewage, the fracturing flow-back fluid, the water injection well flow-back fluid, the slaughter sewage, the tanning sewage, the papermaking sewage, the medical sewage and the landfill leachate.
22. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material according to any one of claims 1, 13-18, wherein: the filter material is mixed or/and contains more than 0.001 percent of catalytic filler.
23. A method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, more than 0.001 percent of catalytic filler is mixed into the filter material;
2) then adding strong oxidant gas into a sewage inlet pipeline in front of the filtering device through a dosing pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, thereby reducing the sludge yield and enhancing the capability of the sewage passing through a filtering material;
3) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters a filtering device through a sewage inlet valve and a sewage inlet, and the catalytic action of the catalytic filler is utilized to rapidly oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues so as to further enhance the capability of the sewage passing through the filtering material; and simultaneously, suspended solids and emulsified oil in the sewage are filtered by using the filter material, so that the sewage reaches the standard and then is discharged through a filtered sewage outlet and a filtered sewage outlet valve, and the sewage is separated from the filter material and is injected into an oil layer or a stratum.
24. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 23, wherein: the catalytic filler is any one of transition metal chips, transition metal fibers, manganese sand, ceramsite, porcelain sand filter materials, medical stone filter materials, granular manganese oxide, iron ore particles, copper ore particles, aluminum ore particles, ilmenite particles, ferrotitanium slag, high titanium slag, titanium ore particles, granular alumina, molecular sieves, zeolite filter materials, porous silicon-aluminum solid blocks, activated alumina balls, granular transition metal oxides, transition metal sinter, rare earth metal sinter, granular activated carbon and noble metal catalyst particles or a mixture of any more than two of the transition metal chips, the transition metal fibers, the manganese sand, the ceramsite, the porcelain sand filter materials, the medical stone filter materials, the granular manganese oxide, the iron ore particles, the copper ore particles, the aluminum ore particles, the ilmenite particles, the titanium-iron slag, the high titanium slag, the titanium ore particles, the granular alumina, the molecular sieves, the zeolite filter materials, the porous silicon-aluminum-silicon solid blocks, the activated alumina balls, the granular transition metal oxides, the transition metal sinter, the rare earth metal sinter, the granular activated carbon and the noble metal catalyst particles.
25. A method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline before a sedimentation or/and air floatation device through a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are oxidized, decomposed or/and crushed, and the sludge yield is reduced, and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is fed into a settling or/and air-floating device to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break up water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and the settling or/and air-floating action is utilized to reduce the content of suspended solids in the sewage so as to reduce the content of suspended solids in the sewage fed into a filtering device.
26. A method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline in front of an oil removal device through a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are oxidized, decomposed or/and crushed, and the sludge yield is reduced, and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is led into an oil removing device to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and the oil removing device is utilized to reduce the content of emulsified oil in the sewage so as to reduce the content of emulsified oil in the sewage which enters a settling or/and air flotation device and a filtering device.
27. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 26, wherein: in the step 1), firstly, a jet device is used for sucking strong oxidant gas in a pipeline, and then the sucked strong oxidant gas is mixed with sewage in a sewage pipeline in front of an oil removing device; the jet device is a device working by utilizing a Venturi effect, and can be any one of a jet device, a jet pump, a jet element and a Venturi tube or the combination of more than any two of the jet device, the jet pump, the jet element and the Venturi tube.
28. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 26, wherein: in the step 1), a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline is firstly introduced into the jet device by the water conduit and is mixed with the strong oxidant gas pumped from the pipeline, and then the sewage and the strong oxidant gas are sent back to the sewage pipeline by the vapor-liquid mixing pipe so as to add the strong oxidant gas into the sewage in the sewage pipeline.
29. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 26, wherein: in the step 1), the opening of a valve on a sewage pipeline is firstly closed, so that the sewage pressure behind the valve is lower than the sewage pressure in front of the valve; then a small part of sewage in the sewage pipeline is introduced into the jet device by a water conduit in front of the valve and is mixed with strong oxidant gas sucked from the pipeline; then the gas-liquid mixing pipe is used for returning the sewage and the strong oxidant gas to the sewage pipeline behind the valve.
30. A method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, adding strong oxidant gas into an oil collecting pipeline in front of a separation dehydration device through a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in produced liquid are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, thereby reducing the sludge yield and enhancing the capability of sewage passing through a filter material;
2) then the produced liquid containing strong oxidant gas is fed into a separation dehydration device to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues so as to reduce the polymer content and emulsified oil content of the sewage separated by the separation dehydration device, and further reduce the emulsified oil content of the sewage fed into an oil removal device, a sedimentation or/and air flotation device and a filtering device.
31. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of claim 30, wherein: in the step 1), strong oxidant gas is added into an oil collecting pipeline behind the valve through a pipeline.
32. A method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material according to any one of claims 30 and 31, wherein: in the step 1), the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is increased to be higher than that of the oil collecting pipeline by a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added into the oil collecting pipeline through the pipeline.
33. A method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, adding strong oxidant gas into a sewage pipeline in front of a sewage buffer tank through a dosing pipeline to oxidize, decompose or/and crush water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage so as to reduce the sludge yield and enhance the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters a buffer tank to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues so as to further reduce the sludge yield and enhance the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material;
3) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas is passed through sewage pump and sewage inlet valve, and fed into filtering device to continuously make oxidation decomposition or/and break water-soluble polymer or/and polymer residue, and the suspended solid and emulsified oil in the sewage are filtered by using filtering material in the filtering device so as to make the sewage come up to standard, and then passed through filtered sewage outlet valve, water-injecting storage tank, water-injecting pump and water-injecting well and injected into oil layer or stratum.
34. A method for improving the filtering speed of a filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, strong oxidant gas is added into a sewage pipeline before a sedimentation or/and air floatation device through a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the sewage are oxidized, decomposed or/and crushed, and the sludge yield is reduced, and the capability of the sewage passing through a filter material is enhanced;
2) then the sewage containing strong oxidant gas enters a settling or/and air floatation device to continuously oxidize and decompose or/and break water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues, and the content of suspended solids in the sewage is reduced by utilizing the settling or/and air floatation effect so as to reduce the content of the suspended solids in the sewage entering a filtering device;
3) then when the separated oily sludge enters a drying system through a sewage discharge pipeline by a sedimentation or/and air floatation device, strong oxidant gas is added into the oily sludge in the sewage discharge pipeline by a pipeline, so that water-soluble polymers or/and polymer residues in the oily sludge are subjected to oxidative decomposition or/and crushing, and the sludge yield is further reduced.
35. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of any one of claims 1-2, 5, 8, 23, 25-26, 33-34, wherein: the pressure of the strong oxidant gas is brought to a pressure higher than the pressure of the sewage or/and sewer line by means of a compressor or/and a gas pump, and then the strong oxidant gas is added to the sewage or/and sewer line.
36. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of any one of claims 5, 8, 23, 25-26, 33-34, wherein: strong oxidant gas is added to the sewage from the top of the sewage line.
37. The method of increasing the filtration rate of a filter material of any one of claims 1-2, 5, 8, 23, 25-26, 33-34, wherein: the lowest elevation of the horizontal section of the medicine adding pipeline is higher than the top of the sewage or/and sewage pipeline.
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