CN113211928B - Integral forming process of foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich board - Google Patents
Integral forming process of foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich board Download PDFInfo
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- CN113211928B CN113211928B CN202110509791.0A CN202110509791A CN113211928B CN 113211928 B CN113211928 B CN 113211928B CN 202110509791 A CN202110509791 A CN 202110509791A CN 113211928 B CN113211928 B CN 113211928B
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- foamed aluminum
- fiber reinforced
- reinforced resin
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- resin matrix
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
Abstract
The invention discloses an integral molding process of a foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich board, which comprises the following steps: step 100: carrying out chemical membrane treatment on the surface of the foamed aluminum plate to obtain a once-treated foamed aluminum plate; step 200: carrying out pore filling treatment on the surface of the foamed aluminum plate subjected to primary treatment by using a dielectric material to obtain a foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment; step 300: symmetrically laying two fiber reinforced resin-based composite boards on two sides of a mould, and placing a foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment between the two fiber reinforced resin-based composite boards; step 400: heating the sandwich type pressing equipment to a preset temperature, and pressing and molding a combined structure formed by the two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates and the foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment by the sandwich type pressing equipment under a preset pressure; the invention improves the coupling property between the foamed aluminum sandwich layer and the composite material laminated plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to an integral forming process of a foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich board.
Background
The foamed aluminum is prepared by adding an additive into pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and then performing a foaming process, has the characteristics of metal and bubbles, has the advantages of low density, high impact absorption capacity, sound insulation, noise reduction and the like, can be subjected to surface coating, and has excellent physical and chemical properties and recyclability.
However, the existing foamed aluminum has a single structure, so that the mechanical property and the flame retardant and heat insulation property of the existing foamed aluminum are poor, and the existing foamed aluminum is difficult to be applied to occasions with high requirements on the mechanical property and the flame retardant and heat insulation property. At present, the solution to the problems is to integrate the mechanical properties of foamed aluminum and play a role in flame retardance and heat insulation by taking the foamed aluminum as a sandwich material and connecting the foamed aluminum with a laminated plate of a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material in the modes of installing bolts, bonding, welding and the like; the above scheme has the following defects:
(1) The resin-based fiber reinforced composite material and the foamed aluminum are bonded and connected in a manner that the bonding strength is not stable enough, so that the connection and the peeling are easy to occur, and the mechanical property of the laminated plate is greatly reduced;
(2) The bolt connection needs to open holes on the materials, but the stress concentration at the hole edge is inevitable, and the quality of the product is reduced to a certain extent; in the same way, the weld joint can also cause stress concentration;
(3) The operation requirements of the installation of the bolts, the bonding process and the welding process are very strict, and the batch production is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integral forming process of a foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich board, which aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient bonding strength, damage of materials by bolt connection and high production difficulty in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
an integral molding process of a foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich board comprises the following steps:
step 100: carrying out chemical membrane treatment on the surface of the foamed aluminum plate to obtain a once-treated foamed aluminum plate;
step 200: carrying out pore filling treatment on the surface of the foamed aluminum plate subjected to the primary treatment by using a dielectric material to obtain a foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment;
step 300: symmetrically laying two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates in sandwich type pressing equipment, and placing a foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment between the two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates;
step 400: heating the sandwich type pressing equipment to a preset temperature, and pressing and molding a combined structure formed by the two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates and the foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment by the sandwich type pressing equipment under a preset pressure;
the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite board is formed by compounding a fiber reinforced material responsible for mechanical property and a resin matrix responsible for flame retardant and heat insulation functions, and the compounding ratio of the resin matrix and the fiber reinforced material can be adjusted according to the functional requirements of the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite board;
wherein, the dielectric material is made of short fiber reinforced resin matrix composite or epoxy resin.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in step 400, the preset temperature of the mold is 130 ℃ to 170 ℃;
in step 400, the preset pressure is calculated according to the thickness ratio between the foamed aluminum plate and the fiber reinforced resin-based composite plate after the secondary treatment and the projection area of the mold, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
T＝S*F1*F2/F；
(wherein T represents the tonnage of the press, S represents the horizontal projection area of the product, F1 represents the unit pressure required by the product, F2 represents the rated gauge pressure of the press, and F represents the molding pressure).
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the sandwich type pressing equipment comprises a base, wherein a pretreatment structure for coating a medium material layer on a foamed aluminum plate and a pressing structure for receiving the foamed aluminum plate treated by the pretreatment structure and automatically providing two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates for one-time pressing are sequentially arranged on the base.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the pretreatment structure comprises a horizontal conveyor belt which is linearly slidably mounted on the base, the top end of the horizontal conveyor belt is horizontally provided with a plurality of bottom supporting wrapping grooves, the bottom supporting wrapping grooves are longitudinally and linearly slidably mounted on the horizontal conveyor belt through an elastic structure, the top ends of all the bottom supporting wrapping grooves are horizontally provided with a same linear guide groove, and the top ends of the bottom supporting wrapping grooves are attached to the linear guide grooves;
the fixed guide frame used for fixedly coating the periphery of the primary processing foamed aluminum plate is nested on the bottom supporting wrapping groove in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the fixed guide frame is longitudinally compressed through the bottom end of the fixed guide frame, the elastic structure enables the top end of the fixed guide frame to be nested in the linear guide groove in a linear sliding manner, and blade coating plates used for coating a medium material layer on the side surface, which is not coated, of the primary processing foamed aluminum plate in the fixed guide frame are arranged on two sides of the horizontal conveyor belt.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the pressing structure comprises a V-shaped conveyor belt which is suspended above the base and is used for carrying two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates in a mirror image mode, and a V-shaped pressing part is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped conveyor belt;
the linear guide groove is provided with an inosculation penetrating groove used for enabling one of the fixed guide frames to be upwards separated from the linear guide groove under the action of self-restoring force of the elastic structure;
and a moving and holding piece which is used for abutting against and locking the corresponding fixed guide frame from the anastomosis through groove and transferring the corresponding fixed guide frame into the V-shaped pressing part is arranged on the V-shaped conveyor belt.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the moving member includes a horizontal moving groove suspended above the V-shaped conveyor belt, a sliding block is linearly slidably installed in the horizontal moving groove, a contact plate body is connected to a bottom end of the sliding block through a pressing elastic member, and a locking assembly for triggering and simultaneously locking the fixed guide frame and the contact plate body when the fixed guide frame and the contact plate body are in contact with each other is disposed on the contact plate body.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the V-shaped press-fit portion includes a bottom template engaged in the V-shaped conveyor belt, two sides of the bottom template are movably connected with clamping blocks, a u-shaped template for receiving a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite board is hinged to the clamping blocks, and two sides of the u-shaped template are provided with pneumatic pushing members for pushing the u-shaped template.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the locking assembly includes an umbrella-shaped trigger body fixedly installed on the fixed guide frame, and an installation groove provided on the abutting plate body and used for nesting the umbrella-shaped trigger body, and a pair of trapezoidal plates capable of linearly sliding under an external force and automatically resetting without an external force are installed in a mirror image of a notch of the installation groove.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a longitudinal slideway is provided on the collision plate body, a control slide plate for being pushed up by the umbrella-shaped trigger body when the umbrella-shaped trigger body is embedded is linearly slidably mounted in the longitudinal slideway through an elastic resetting piece, a transverse switch channel divided into two parts by the control slide plate is provided on the collision plate body, and a switch hole for communicating the two parts of the transverse switch channel in the process of sliding on the control slide plate is provided on the control slide plate;
one end of the transverse switch channel is connected with external air pressure equipment, the other end of the transverse switch channel is connected with a first pneumatic telescopic piece through a communicating pipe, the bottom end of the sliding block is provided with the first pneumatic telescopic piece used for driving the sliding block to longitudinally slide, one side of the sliding block is connected with one end, far away from the V-shaped pressing part, of the horizontal moving groove through a second pneumatic telescopic piece, a connecting channel used for communicating the inner cavity of the first pneumatic telescopic piece with the inner cavity of the second pneumatic telescopic piece is formed in the sliding block, and a first resistance valve is fixedly installed in the connecting channel.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, a downward pressing magnet is fixedly installed on the abutting plate body, and a repelling magnet is fixedly installed at a position of the horizontal moving groove, which faces the bottom template;
the pneumatic pushing and pressing piece is an arc-shaped telescopic cavity, the U-shaped template is a wrapping plate which is capable of linearly stretching at the side edge close to the V-shaped conveying belt, the bottom end of the wrapping plate is sealed and can be linearly sleeved in the arc-shaped telescopic cavity in a sliding mode, the pneumatic pushing and pressing piece is connected with the inner cavity of the second pneumatic telescopic piece through an extrusion through pipe, and a second resistance valve is installed in the extrusion through pipe;
the first resistance valve and the second resistance valve are installed through a plurality of elastic sealing plates of the annular installation groove by being arranged in the extrusion through pipe or the connecting channel and through an electric telescopic rod, and the elastic sealing plates are abutted to the extrusion through pipe or the connecting channel to seal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the surface of the foamed aluminum plate is subjected to chemical membrane treatment, then the foamed aluminum is subjected to surface pore filling treatment by using a medium material, and the foamed aluminum plate is subjected to two surface treatment procedures, so that the foamed aluminum plate and the fiber reinforced resin-based composite plate can be integrally pressed and formed into the foamed aluminum composite sandwich plate; according to the invention, through automatic integrated pressing and forming, the production efficiency is improved to a greater extent, the production takt is accelerated, and batch production is realized; the manufacturing process has more flexibility and controllability, and materials can be proportioned correspondingly according to different functional requirements; meanwhile, more possibilities are provided for the performance of future manufactured products, and better effects of noise reduction, energy absorption and the like can be realized while the strength is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an integral forming process in an embodiment of the invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a V-shaped nip in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a in fig. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1-a base; 2-a pretreatment structure; 3-a pressing structure;
21-a horizontal conveyor belt; 22-an elastic structure; 23-supporting the bottom bag; 24-a linear guide slot; 25-fixing a guide frame; 26-blade coating of a board; 27-anastomosis through groove;
31-a V-belt; a 32-V shaped press fit; 33-a moving holder; 34-a first pneumatic bellows; 35-a second pneumatic telescoping piece; 36-connecting channel; 37-a first resistance valve; 38-pressing down the magnet; 39-repelling magnets; 310-a wrapping plate; 311-extruding the through pipe; 312-a second resistance valve;
321-a bottom template; 322-a clamping block; 323-U-shaped template; 324-a pneumatic pusher;
331-a horizontal moving tank; 332-sliding blocks; 333-a pressure-applying elastic member; 334-collision plate body; 335-a locking component;
3351-umbrella trigger; 3352-mounting groove; 3353-trapezoidal plate; 3354-longitudinal slide; 3355-elastic restoring member; 3356-control slide; 3357-transverse switching channels; 3358-switch port; 3359-connecting tube.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the present invention provides an integral molding process of a foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich board, comprising the following steps:
step 100: carrying out chemical membrane treatment on the surface of the foamed aluminum plate to obtain a once-treated foamed aluminum plate;
step 200: carrying out pore filling treatment on the surface of the foamed aluminum plate subjected to the primary treatment by using a dielectric material to obtain a foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment;
step 300: symmetrically laying two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates on two sides of a mould, and placing a foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment between the two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates;
step 400: heating the sandwich type pressing equipment to a preset temperature, and pressing and molding a combined structure formed by the two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates and the foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment by the sandwich type pressing equipment under a preset pressure;
the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite board is formed by compounding a fiber reinforced material responsible for mechanical property and a resin matrix responsible for flame retardant and heat insulation functions, and the composite proportion of the resin matrix and the fiber reinforced material can be adjusted according to the functional requirements of the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite board;
wherein, the dielectric material is made of short fiber reinforced resin matrix composite or epoxy resin.
Wherein: in step 400, the preset temperature of the mold is 130-170 ℃;
in step 400, the preset pressure is calculated according to the thickness ratio between the foamed aluminum plate and the fiber reinforced resin-based composite plate after the secondary treatment and the projection area of the mold, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
T＝S*F1*F2/F；
(wherein T represents the tonnage of the press, S represents the horizontal projection area of the product, F1 represents the unit pressure required by the product, F2 represents the rated gauge pressure of the press, and F represents the molding pressure).
The surface of the foamed aluminum plate is subjected to chemical membrane treatment, then the foamed aluminum is subjected to surface pore filling treatment by using a medium material, and the foamed aluminum plate is subjected to two surface treatment procedures, so that the foamed aluminum plate and the fiber reinforced resin-based composite plate can be integrally pressed and formed into the foamed aluminum composite sandwich plate; according to the invention, through automatic integrated pressing and forming, the production efficiency is improved to a greater extent, the production takt is accelerated, and batch production is realized; the manufacturing process has more flexibility and controllability, and materials can be proportioned correspondingly according to different functional requirements; meanwhile, more possibilities are provided for the performance of future manufactured products, and the effects of noise reduction, energy absorption and the like can be better realized while the strength is improved.
The sandwich structure is a composite foamed aluminum alloy plate, wherein the sandwich plate has a three-layer structure, the upper layer and the lower layer are made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials with excellent mechanical properties, and the middle layer is made of foamed aluminum with sound insulation, noise reduction and high energy absorption. The foamed aluminum has a density of 0.3-0.7g/cm3 and an average foam size of 1-5mm. The composite sandwich board can adjust the cost and the mechanical property of the whole material by selecting different types of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials, and simultaneously can select foamed aluminum with different densities to meet the functions of noise reduction, weight reduction, energy absorption and the like which are preferentially required.
Wherein, sandwich type pressing equipment includes base 1 set gradually be used for smearing the preliminary treatment structure 2 of dielectric material layer, be used for receiving the warp to foamed aluminum plate that preliminary treatment structure 2 was handled and automatic pressfitting structure 3 that provides two fiber reinforcement resin base composite boards in order to carry out disposable pressfitting.
The pretreatment structure 2 comprises a horizontal conveyor belt 21 which is linearly slidably mounted on the base 1, a plurality of bottom supporting package grooves 23 are horizontally arranged at the top end of the horizontal conveyor belt 21, the bottom supporting package grooves 23 are longitudinally and linearly slidably mounted on the horizontal conveyor belt 21 through elastic structures 22, the same linear guide groove 24 is horizontally erected at the top end of all the bottom supporting package grooves 23, and the top ends of the bottom supporting package grooves 23 are attached to the linear guide grooves 24; fixed guide frames 25 for fixedly coating the periphery of the primary processing foamed aluminum plate are nested on the bottom supporting wrapping groove 23 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the fixed guide frames 25 longitudinally compress the elastic structures 22 through the bottom ends of the fixed guide frames to enable the top ends of the fixed guide frames to be nested in the linear guide grooves 24 in a linear sliding manner, and scraping plates 26 for coating a medium material layer on the non-coated side surfaces of the primary processing foamed aluminum plate in the fixed guide frames 25 are arranged on two sides of the horizontal conveyor belt 21.
Because the sandwich structure is adopted, the medium material layers are required to be coated on the surfaces of the two sides of the foamed aluminum plate, and because the cooling, solidification, oxidation and other conditions which are easily generated after the medium material layers are coated are considered, if the two sides of the foamed aluminum plate are coated in sequence, the foamed aluminum plate is required to be turned over, and the time for exposing the coatings on the two sides to the air is inconsistent, so that the structures of the two sides of the compounded structure are inconsistent, and finally the deformation of the compound structure is caused.
Therefore, the medium material layers are required to be coated on the two sides of the foamed aluminum plate at the same time, the consistency of the coating layers on the two sides can be ensured, the production efficiency can be accelerated, and the production steps are optimized.
In this embodiment, fixed guide frame 25 is the common frame shape structure on the nested foamed aluminum plate, accessible installation screw in order to extrude foamed aluminum plate on the frame shape structure obtain the fixed to foamed aluminum plate, through fixed guide frame 25 in order to obtain the upright transportation to foamed aluminum plate, through foamed aluminum plate's upright transportation with foamed aluminum plate wait to paint both sides and expose, through fixed guide frame 25 horizontal migration for foamed aluminum plate slowly passes through both sides blade coating 26, thereby blade coating 26 can be automatic with foamed aluminum plate both sides cover coat.
The pressing structure 3 comprises a V-shaped conveyor belt 31 which is suspended above the base 1 and is used for carrying two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates in a mirror image mode, and a V-shaped pressing part 32 is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped conveyor belt 31; a matching penetrating groove 27 for enabling one of the fixed guide frames 25 to be upwards separated from the linear guide groove 24 under the self-restoring force of the elastic structure 22 is formed in the linear guide groove 24; the V-shaped belt 31 is provided with a moving and holding member 33 for abutting against and locking the corresponding fixed guide frame 25 from the fitting through groove 27 and transferring the corresponding fixed guide frame 25 into the V-shaped pressing portion 32.
According to the invention, through the horizontal and vertical transportation of the foamed aluminum plate, when the fixed guide frame 25 moves to the matching through groove 27, the fixed guide frame 25 loses the limitation of the top linear guide groove 24, and the upward spring speed of the elastic structure 22 is far greater than the horizontal moving speed of the fixed guide frame 25, so that the fixed guide frame 25 is directly upward sprung until being received by the moving piece 33.
Another difficulty of the sandwich type lamination in the present invention is that a fiber reinforced resin based composite board needs to be compounded on both sides of the foamed aluminum plate, if the two sides of the foamed aluminum plate are compounded in sequence, the two sides of the foamed aluminum plate need to be coated in sequence, the sequential compounding manner also causes the lamination to have poor structural integrity, the coupling between the layers is poor, and finally, the stability and the firmness of the composite structure are poor.
Therefore, the problem that the foamed aluminum plate and the two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates need to be stacked and aligned is solved, and the foamed aluminum plate, the two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates need to be simultaneously pressed after being accurately stacked.
Therefore, in the invention, the two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates are conveyed to two sides of the V-shaped pressing part 32 through the V-shaped conveyor belt 31 in a mirror image mode, wherein focusing and calibration of the stacking position of the foamed aluminum plate are realized, the possibility that the two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates are accurately placed on two sides of the V-shaped pressing part 32 exists in the V-shaped conveyor belt 31, if deviation occurs in placement, calibration can be carried out manually, and in the embodiment, two default fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates are accurately placed on the V-shaped pressing part 32.
According to the invention, the foamed aluminum plate is accurately placed between the two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates through the control of the moving and holding piece 33 and the fixed guide frame 25, wherein the thickness of the fixed guide frame 25 is far smaller than that of the foamed aluminum plate, so that the foamed aluminum plate is coated by the fixed guide frame 25, the position of the foamed aluminum plate is limited, and the pressing of the foamed aluminum plate is not influenced.
Wherein, it erects including unsettled in to move the piece 33 horizontal migration groove 331 of V-arrangement conveyer belt 31 top but linear sliding installs sliding block 332 in the horizontal migration groove 331 the bottom of sliding block 332 is connected with conflict plate body 334 through the elastic component 333 of exerting pressure, be provided with on the conflict plate body 334 and be used for fixed guide frame 25 with conflict plate body 334 is in order to trigger and lock simultaneously when conflicting fixed guide frame 25 with conflict plate body 334 locks the locking component 335 of plate body 334.
The guide frame 25 is fixed and fixed by the abutting plate body 334 and then is transported by the sliding block 332; in this embodiment, the two production lines purposely arranged at different heights are made worse by the longitudinal translation of the interference plate body 334, and the foamed aluminum plate is transferred from the coating production line to the pressing production line by the longitudinal translation of the interference plate body 334, so that the intersection and the conversion of the two production lines are realized.
The V-shaped press-fit portion 32 includes a bottom mold plate 321 engaged with the V-shaped transmission belt 31, two sides of the bottom mold plate 321 are movably connected with clamping blocks 322, the clamping blocks 322 are hinged with a u-shaped mold plate 323 for receiving a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plate, and two sides of the u-shaped mold plate 323 are provided with pneumatic pushing members 324 for pushing the u-shaped mold plate 323. The locking assembly 335 comprises an umbrella trigger 3351 fixedly installed on the fixed guide frame 25, and an installation groove 3352 opened on the interference plate 334 and used for nesting the umbrella trigger 3351, wherein a pair of trapezoidal plates 3353 capable of linearly sliding under external force and automatically resetting without external force are installed on the notch mirror image of the installation groove 3352.
When the top end of umbrella trigger 3351 abuts between a pair of trapezoidal plates 3353, umbrella trigger 3351 is operated because the special shape of the top end of umbrella trigger 3351 drives trapezoidal plates 3353 to slide linearly, and when umbrella trigger 3351 is far away from trapezoidal plates 3353, umbrella trigger 3351 is reset and abuts against the bottom end of umbrella trigger 3351 to be locked.
A longitudinal slide rail 3354 is formed on the collision plate body 334, a control sliding plate 3356 which is pushed up by the umbrella-shaped trigger body 3351 when the umbrella-shaped trigger body 3351 is inserted is linearly slidably installed in the longitudinal slide rail 3354 through an elastic reset piece 3355, a transverse switch channel 3357 which is divided into two parts by the control sliding plate 3356 is formed on the collision plate body 334, and a switch hole 3358 which is used for communicating the two parts of the transverse switch channel 3357 in the process of sliding the control sliding plate 3356 up is formed on the control sliding plate 3356; one end of the transverse switch channel 3357 is connected with an external pneumatic device, the other end of the transverse switch channel 3357 is connected with a first pneumatic telescopic part 34 through a communicating pipe 3359, the bottom end of the sliding block 332 is provided with the first pneumatic telescopic part 34 for driving the sliding block 332 to longitudinally slide, one side of the sliding block 332 is connected with one end, far away from the V-shaped pressing part 32, of the horizontal moving groove 331 through a second pneumatic telescopic part 35, the sliding block 332 is provided with a connecting channel 36 for communicating the inner cavity of the first pneumatic telescopic part 34 with the inner cavity of the second pneumatic telescopic part 35, and a first resistance valve 37 is fixedly installed in the connecting channel 36.
When the trigger body 3351 is inserted into the mounting groove 3352, the trigger body 3351 contacts the control sliding plate 3356 upward to cause the control sliding plate 3356 to slide upward, and when the control sliding plate 3356 slides to a predetermined position, the opening/closing hole 3358 of the control sliding plate 3356 faces the transverse opening/closing passageway 3357, thereby causing the external pneumatic device to communicate with the first pneumatic telescopic member 34 through the transverse opening/closing passageway 3357, so that the inner cavity of the first pneumatic telescopic member 34 is pressed to move upward, thereby drawing the fixed guide frame 25 out to the upper side of the V-shaped conveyor belt 31.
When the first pneumatic telescopic part 34 is stretched to the limit, the volume of the inner cavity of the first pneumatic telescopic part 34 cannot be increased continuously, so that the air pressure in the first pneumatic telescopic part 34 is increased, when the air pressure of the first pneumatic telescopic part 34 reaches a first preset value, the first resistance valve 37 is opened automatically, then the air continues to enter the second pneumatic telescopic part 35, and the second pneumatic telescopic part 35 drives the fixed guide frame 25 to move into the V-shaped pressing part 32 through the stretching of the structure of the second pneumatic telescopic part 35.
Wherein, a downward pressing magnet 38 is fixedly installed on the collision plate body 334, and a repulsive magnet 39 is fixedly installed at a position of the horizontal moving groove 331 facing the bottom template 321; the pneumatic pushing element 324 is an arc-shaped telescopic cavity, the wrapping plate 310 is linearly telescopic at the side edge of the U-shaped template 323 close to the V-shaped conveyor belt 31, the bottom end of the wrapping plate 310 is sealed and is linearly slidably sleeved in the arc-shaped telescopic cavity, the pneumatic pushing element 324 is connected with the inner cavity of the second pneumatic telescopic element 35 through a squeezing through pipe 311, and a second resistance valve 312 is installed in the squeezing through pipe 311; the first resistance valve 37 and the second resistance valve 312 are composed of an annular mounting groove 3352 provided in the extruded through pipe 311 or the connecting passage 36, and a plurality of elastic sealing plates mounted in the annular mounting groove 3352 through an electric telescopic rod, and the plurality of elastic sealing plates seal the extruded through pipe 311 or the connecting passage 36 by abutting against each other.
The repulsive magnet 39 is driven to move downward by the pressing magnet 38, so that the fixed guide frame 25 is attached to the bottom end of the V-shaped press-fit portion 32.
When the fixed guide frame 25 is over against the V-shaped pressing portion 32, the expansion of the second pneumatic expansion element 35 reaches the maximum value of the expansion, so that the pressure inside the second pneumatic expansion element 35 continues to increase, which causes the second resistance valve 312 to open, which causes the gas to enter the arc-shaped expansion cavity, thereby driving the u-shaped template 323 to perform the pressing.
Wherein the elastic structure 22 and the pressing elastic member 333 may be composed of a guide slide and a spring installed in the guide slide.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. An integral forming process of a foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich board is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 100: carrying out chemical membrane treatment on the surface of the foamed aluminum plate to obtain a once-treated foamed aluminum plate;
step 200: carrying out pore filling treatment on the surface of the foamed aluminum plate subjected to the primary treatment by using a dielectric material to obtain a foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment;
step 300: symmetrically laying two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates in sandwich type pressing equipment, and placing a foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment between the two fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates;
step 400: heating the sandwich type pressing equipment to a preset temperature, and pressing and molding a combined structure formed by the two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates and the foamed aluminum plate subjected to secondary treatment by the sandwich type pressing equipment under a preset pressure;
the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite board is formed by compounding a fiber reinforced material responsible for mechanical property and a resin matrix responsible for flame retardant and heat insulation functions, and the compounding ratio of the resin matrix and the fiber reinforced material is adjusted according to the functional requirements of the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite board;
wherein, the dielectric material is made of short fiber reinforced resin matrix composite or epoxy resin;
the sandwich type pressing equipment comprises a base (1), wherein a pretreatment structure (2) for coating a medium material layer on a foamed aluminum plate and a pressing structure (3) for receiving the foamed aluminum plate treated by the pretreatment structure (2) and automatically providing two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates for one-time pressing are sequentially arranged on the base (1);
the pretreatment structure (2) comprises a horizontal conveyor belt (21) which is linearly slidably installed on the base (1), a plurality of bottom supporting package grooves (23) are horizontally arranged at the top end of the horizontal conveyor belt (21), the bottom supporting package grooves (23) are longitudinally and linearly slidably installed on the horizontal conveyor belt (21) through elastic structures (22), the same linear guide groove (24) is horizontally erected at the top ends of all the bottom supporting package grooves (23), and the top ends of the bottom supporting package grooves (23) are attached to the linear guide groove (24);
fixed guide frames (25) for fixedly coating the periphery of the primary processing foamed aluminum plates are nested on the bottom supporting wrapping grooves (23) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the fixed guide frames (25) longitudinally compress the elastic structures (22) through the bottom ends of the fixed guide frames to enable the top ends of the fixed guide frames to be nested in the linear guide grooves (24) in a linear sliding manner, and scraping plates (26) for coating the non-coated side surfaces of the primary processing foamed aluminum plates in the fixed guide frames (25) with a medium material layer are arranged on two sides of the horizontal conveyor belt (21);
the pressing structure (3) comprises a V-shaped conveyor belt (31) which is suspended above the base (1) and is used for carrying two fiber reinforced resin-based composite plates in a mirror image mode, and a V-shaped pressing part (32) is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped conveyor belt (31);
the straight guide groove (24) is provided with a fit through groove (27) for enabling one of the fixed guide frames (25) to be upwards separated from the straight guide groove (24) under the action of self restoring force of the elastic structure (22);
and a moving and holding piece (33) which is used for abutting against and locking the corresponding fixed guide frame (25) from the matching penetrating groove (27) and transferring the corresponding fixed guide frame (25) into the V-shaped pressing part (32) is arranged on the V-shaped conveyor belt (31).
2. The integral molding process of the foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich panel according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps:
in step 400, the preset temperature of the mold is 130-170 ℃;
in step 400, the preset pressure is calculated according to the thickness ratio between the foamed aluminum plate and the fiber reinforced resin-based composite plate after the secondary treatment and the projection area of the mold, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
T＝S*F1*F2/F；
wherein T represents: the tonnage of the press; s represents: the horizontal projection area of the product; f1 represents the unit pressure required by the product; f2 represents: rated gauge pressure of the press; f represents: and (5) molding pressure.
3. The integral molding process of the foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich panel according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: move and hold piece (33) including unsettled erect in horizontal migration groove (331) of V-arrangement conveyer belt (31) top but linear sliding mounting has sliding block (332) in horizontal migration groove (331) the bottom of sliding block (332) is connected with conflict plate body (334) through the elastic component (333) of exerting pressure, be provided with on conflict plate body (334) and be used for fixed guide frame (25) with conflict plate body (334) are in order to trigger and lock simultaneously when conflicting fixed guide frame (25) with locking subassembly (335) of conflict plate body (334).
4. The integral molding process of the foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich panel according to claim 3, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the V-shaped pressing part (32) comprises a bottom template (321) connected in the V-shaped conveying belt (31), two sides of the bottom template (321) are movably connected with clamping blocks (322), the clamping blocks (322) are hinged with U-shaped templates (323) used for bearing fiber reinforced resin matrix composite plates, and two sides of the U-shaped templates (323) are provided with pneumatic pushing pieces (324) used for pushing the U-shaped templates (323).
5. The integral molding process of the foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich panel according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: locking Assembly (335) including fixed mounting in umbrella-type trigger body (3351) of fixed pedestal (25) and set up in conflict plate body (334) and be used for the nestification umbrella-type trigger body's (3351) mounting groove (3352) the notch mirror image of mounting groove (3352) is installed a pair of can be under the exogenic force straight line slide and at the trapezoidal board (3353) that do not have external force effect automatic re-setting.
6. The integral forming process of the foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sandwich panel according to claim 5, wherein the forming process comprises the following steps: a longitudinal slide way (3354) is arranged on the interference plate body (334), a control sliding plate (3356) which is used for being jacked up by the umbrella-shaped trigger body (3351) when the umbrella-shaped trigger body (3351) is embedded is linearly and slidably arranged in the longitudinal slide way (3354) through an elastic reset piece (3355), a transverse switch channel (3357) which is divided into two parts by the control sliding plate (3356) is arranged on the interference plate body (334), and a switch hole (3358) which is used for communicating the two parts of the transverse switch channel (3357) in the process of sliding on the control sliding plate (3356) is arranged on the control sliding plate (3356);
one end of the transverse switch channel (3357) is connected with external air pressure equipment, the other end of the transverse switch channel (3357) is connected with a first pneumatic telescopic piece (34) through a communicating pipe (3359), the bottom end of the sliding block (332) is provided with a first pneumatic telescopic piece (34) used for driving the sliding block (332) to longitudinally slide, one side of the sliding block (332) is connected with one end of the V-shaped pressing part (32) far away from the horizontal moving groove (331) through a second pneumatic telescopic piece (35), a connecting channel (36) used for communicating the inner cavity of the first pneumatic telescopic piece (34) with the inner cavity of the second pneumatic telescopic piece (35) is formed in the sliding block (332), and a first resistance valve (37) is fixedly installed in the connecting channel (36).
7. The integral forming process of the foamed aluminum and fiber reinforced resin based composite sandwich panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: a downward pressing magnet (38) is fixedly arranged on the abutting plate body (334), and a repelling magnet (39) is fixedly arranged at the position, opposite to the bottom template (321), of the horizontal moving groove (331);
the U-shaped die plate (323) is a wrapping plate (310) which can linearly stretch and retract and is close to the side edge of the V-shaped conveying belt (31), the bottom end of the wrapping plate (310) is sealed and can be linearly sleeved in the arc-shaped stretching cavity in a sliding manner, the pneumatic pushing piece (324) is connected with the inner cavity of the second pneumatic stretching piece (35) through a squeezing pipe (311), and a second resistance valve (312) is arranged in the squeezing pipe (311);
the first resistance valve (37) and the second resistance valve (312) are composed of a mounting groove (3352) which is opened in the extrusion through pipe (311) or the connecting channel (36) and a plurality of elastic sealing plates which are mounted in the mounting groove (3352) through an electric telescopic rod, and the elastic sealing plates are mutually abutted to seal the extrusion through pipe (311) or the connecting channel (36).
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| CN103935080B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-18 | 燕山大学 | The one-piece type composite laminboard of polymer/foam aluminium |
| CN106273902B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-08-07 | 深圳航天科技创新研究院 | A kind of aluminium foam sandwich structural composite material and preparation method thereof |
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