CN113206595B - Switching type power supply conversion circuit and switching circuit - Google Patents
Switching type power supply conversion circuit and switching circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113206595B CN113206595B CN202010078664.5A CN202010078664A CN113206595B CN 113206595 B CN113206595 B CN 113206595B CN 202010078664 A CN202010078664 A CN 202010078664A CN 113206595 B CN113206595 B CN 113206595B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
Abstract
The invention relates to a switching type power supply conversion circuit and a switching circuit. The switching power conversion circuit comprises a conversion capacitor, a capacitance type power conversion circuit, an inductor, an inductance type power conversion circuit and a switching control circuit. The capacitive power conversion circuit comprises a plurality of switching elements for converting an input voltage into a relay voltage, so that the relay voltage and the input voltage have a preset proportional relation; the inductive power conversion circuit comprises a plurality of switching elements for converting the relay voltage into an output voltage; the switching control circuit is used for generating a switching control signal; the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit and the inductive power conversion circuit periodically switch the conversion capacitor and the inductor according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal. The capacitive power conversion circuit and the inductive power conversion circuit share one of the switching elements.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a switching power conversion circuit, and more particularly, to a switching power conversion circuit having both capacitive and inductive power conversion functions and high conversion efficiency. The invention also relates to a switching circuit which can be used for forming the switching type power supply conversion circuit.
Background
Fig. 1A shows a switching power converter circuit (switching power converter circuit 1) in the prior art, which includes a switching control circuit 10, a pump (charge pump) circuit 11, and a buck (buck) switching power converter circuit 12. The switching control circuit 10 is used for generating switching control signals dDUTY, dDUTYB and dPWMB. The pumping circuit 11 includes switches SW1, SW3, SW4 and SW5, and capacitors C1 'and C2', and switches SW1, SW3, SW4 and SW5 switch the capacitors C1 'and C2' according to a switching control signal dduity or dDUTYB to convert the input voltage Vin into the relay voltage VCP having a level approximately 2 times the input voltage Vin. The buck switching power converter 12 includes switches SW2, SWH, an inductor L ', and an output capacitor Co ', and the switches SW2 and SWH switch the inductor L ' according to a switching control signal dpbmb to convert the intermediate voltage VCP into an output voltage Vout, wherein the level of the output voltage Vout is substantially a preset buck multiple of the intermediate voltage VCP, which is smaller than 1, and the ratio of the output voltage Vout to the input voltage Vin is related to the duty ratio of the switching control signal dpbmb. Fig. 1B shows an operation waveform diagram corresponding to fig. 1A, since the pumping circuit 11 and the step-down switching power conversion circuit 12 can be regarded as independent two-stage power conversion circuits, the switching control signal duty can have a different duty ratio from the switching control signal dpbmb, and in another aspect, the switching control signal duty is not related to the duty ratio of the switching control signal dpbmb, and in addition, the switching frequencies of the two can be different or independent.
It should be noted that in the prior art of fig. 1A, the intermediate voltage VCP is substantially a stable, non-pulsed voltage, and the switching voltage VLX' is a pulsed voltage.
Compared with the prior art shown in fig. 1A, the present invention has the advantages that the present invention can achieve better effect with fewer elements, thereby improving efficiency and reducing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
From one aspect, the present invention provides a switching power conversion circuit, including: a conversion capacitor; a capacitive power conversion circuit, comprising a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit are configured to switch the conversion capacitor according to a switching control signal to convert an input voltage into a relay voltage, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit comprise a first switching element, and the relay voltage and the input voltage have a predetermined proportional relationship; an inductor; an inductive power conversion circuit comprising a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit are configured to switch the inductor according to the switching control signal to convert the intermediate voltage into an output voltage, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit comprise the first switching element; and a switching control circuit for generating the switching control signal, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit periodically switch a coupling relationship among a proportional voltage node, the input voltage, and a ground potential of the conversion capacitor according to a duty cycle of the switching control signal to generate the relay voltage at the first terminal of the conversion capacitor, wherein the relay voltage is in the form of a pulse; the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit periodically switch the coupling relationship among the relay voltage, the output voltage and the ground potential of the inductor according to the duty ratio to generate the output voltage, wherein the first end of the inductor is coupled to the proportional voltage node; wherein a proportional relationship between the output voltage and a high level of the relay voltage is related to the duty cycle.
In a preferred embodiment, the inductive power conversion circuit is configured as a buck-type (buck) switching power conversion circuit, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit further includes a second switching element, wherein the first switching element is coupled between the first end of the conversion capacitor and the proportional voltage node, the second end of the inductor is coupled to the output voltage, and the second switching element is coupled between the proportional voltage node and the ground potential; the capacitive power conversion circuit is configured as a pump (charge pump) circuit, wherein the high level of the intermediate voltage is higher than the input voltage; the first switching element turns on a connection path between the first terminal of the conversion capacitor and the proportional voltage node and simultaneously turns on a connection path between the first terminal of the inductor and the relay voltage during a duty cycle period, wherein the duty cycle period is a period in which the first switching element is controlled to be on according to the duty cycle.
In a preferred embodiment, the level of the input voltage is optionally greater than or less than the level of the output voltage.
In a preferred embodiment, the first switching element is a switch, and the second switching element is a diode or a switch, wherein the first and second switching elements operate correspondingly according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal, such that the first end of the inductor is periodically and correspondingly coupled to the relay voltage or the ground potential, such that the level of the output voltage is substantially a predetermined voltage-drop factor (voltage-down factor) of the high level of the relay voltage, and the predetermined voltage-drop factor is smaller than 1.
In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit further includes: a third switching element coupled between the input voltage and the first end of the transfer capacitor; a fourth switching element coupled between the input voltage and the second end of the transfer capacitor; and a fifth switching element coupled between the second end of the transfer capacitor and the ground potential; the first, third, fourth and fifth switching elements are correspondingly operated according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal, so that the converting capacitor is correspondingly coupled between the input voltage and the ground potential or between the proportional voltage node and the input voltage periodically, and the high level of the relay voltage is approximately a preset voltage-up factor of the level of the input voltage, wherein the preset voltage-up factor is greater than 1.
In a preferred embodiment, the predetermined boost ratio is 2.
In a preferred embodiment, a low level of the intermediate voltage is substantially equal to the level of the input voltage.
In a preferred embodiment, the intermediate voltage has the high level during the duty cycle; the relay voltage has a low level during a non-duty cycle period, wherein the non-duty cycle period is a period in which the first switching element is controlled to be off according to the duty cycle.
In a preferred embodiment, the third, fourth and fifth switching elements are switches; wherein during the duty cycle, the first and fourth switching elements are controlled to be on, and the second, third and fifth switching elements are simultaneously controlled to be off, such that a connection path between the input voltage and the second end of the converting capacitor, and a connection path between the first end of the converting capacitor and the proportional voltage node are controlled to be on, thereby causing the relay voltage to have the high level, and the first end of the inductor to have the high level; during the non-duty cycle, the second, third and fifth switching elements are controlled to be conductive, and the first and fourth switching elements are simultaneously controlled to be non-conductive, so that a connection path between the input voltage and the first end of the converting capacitor, a connection path between the second end of the converting capacitor and the ground potential, and a connection path between the first end of the inductor and the ground potential are controlled to be conductive, thereby making the relay voltage have the low level, and the first end of the inductor has the ground potential.
In a preferred embodiment, the first, third and fourth switching elements are PMOS transistors and the second and fifth switching elements are NMOS transistors.
In a preferred embodiment, there is a and only switch between the first end of the inductor and the first end of the transfer capacitor, and the first switching element corresponds to the and only switch.
From another perspective, the present invention also provides a switching circuit comprising: a capacitive power conversion circuit, comprising a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit are configured to switch a conversion capacitor according to a switching control signal to convert an input voltage into a relay voltage, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit comprise a first switching element, and the relay voltage and the input voltage have a predetermined proportional relationship; an inductive power conversion circuit comprising a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit are configured to switch an inductor according to the switching control signal to convert the intermediate voltage into an output voltage, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit comprise the first switching element; and a switching control circuit for generating the switching control signal, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit periodically switch a coupling relationship among a proportional voltage node, the input voltage, and a ground potential of the conversion capacitor according to a duty cycle of the switching control signal to generate the relay voltage at the first terminal of the conversion capacitor, wherein the relay voltage is in the form of a pulse; the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit periodically switch the coupling relationship among the relay voltage, the output voltage and the ground potential of the inductor according to the duty ratio to generate the output voltage, wherein the first end of the inductor is coupled to the proportional voltage node; wherein a proportional relationship between the output voltage and a high level of the relay voltage is related to the duty cycle.
The purpose, technical content, features and effects of the invention will be more easily understood through the following detailed description of specific embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1A shows a switching power conversion circuit of the prior art.
FIG. 1B shows an operational waveform corresponding to FIG. 1A.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a switching power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a switching power converter circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram of a switching power converter circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4B shows an operational waveform corresponding to FIG. 4A.
Fig. 5A is a schematic diagram of a switching power converter circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5B shows schematic diagrams of two embodiments of the second switching element in the switching power converter circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of a switching power converter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6B shows an operational waveform corresponding to fig. 6A.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows a graph of power conversion efficiency of different loads according to the prior art and the present invention.
Description of the symbols in the drawings
1,2,3,4,5,6 switching type power supply conversion circuit
10 switching control circuit
11 pump circuit
12 step-down switching type power conversion circuit
200 switching circuit
21,31,41,51,61 capacitance type power conversion circuit
22,32,42,52,62 inductive power conversion circuit
C1 conversion capacitor
C1 ', C2' capacitor
The first terminal of the Cep1 switching capacitor C1
The second terminal of the Cep2 switching capacitor C1
Co, Co' output capacitance
CTRL switching control signal
dDUTY, dDUTYB switching control signal
dPWM, dPWMB switching control signal
L-inductor
L' inductor
First terminal of Lep1 inductor L
Second terminal of Lep2 inductor L
Np proportional voltage node
SC1-SCn switching element
SC1-SCm switching element
SC2, SC21, SC22 switching elements
SC3, SC4, SC5 switching elements
SW1, SW2 and SW3 switches
SW4, SW5, SWH switch
T1, T3 duty cycle period
T2 non-duty cycle period
VCP relay voltage
Vin input voltage
VLX proportional voltage
VLX' switching voltage
Vm relay voltage
Vout output voltage
Detailed Description
The drawings in the present disclosure are schematic and are intended to show the coupling relationship between circuits and the relationship between signal waveforms, and the circuits, signal waveforms and frequencies are not drawn to scale.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a switching power converter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention (switching power converter circuit 2). In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the switching power converter circuit 2 includes a converting capacitor C1, a capacitive power converter circuit 21, an inductor L, an inductive power converter circuit 22, and a switching control circuit 10.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the capacitive power conversion circuit 21 includes a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements includes a first switching element SC1 to an nth switching element SCn, where n is an integer greater than 1. The switching elements (switching elements SC 1-SCn) of the capacitive power conversion circuit 21 are used for switching the conversion capacitor C1 according to the switching control signal CTRL generated by the switching control circuit 10 to convert the input voltage Vin into the relay voltage Vm, wherein the relay voltage Vm and the input voltage Vin have a predetermined proportional relationship.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the inductive power conversion circuit 22 includes a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements includes a first switching element SC1 to an m-th switching element SCm, wherein m is an integer greater than 1. Specifically, the first switching element SC1 is a switching element of the capacitive power conversion circuit 21 and is also a switching element of the inductive power conversion circuit 22. The switching elements (switching elements SC 1-SCm) of the inductive power conversion circuit 22 are used for switching the inductor L according to the switching control signal CTRL to convert the relay voltage Vm into the output voltage Vout.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the switching control circuit 10 is configured to generate a switching control signal CTRL. In one embodiment, the switching elements (switching elements SC 1-SCn) of the capacitive power conversion circuit 21 periodically switch the coupling relationship between the proportional voltage node Np, the input voltage Vin, and the ground potential of the conversion capacitor C1 according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal CTRL, so as to generate the relay voltage Vm at the first end Cep1 of the conversion capacitor C1, wherein the relay voltage Vm is in the form of a pulse, i.e., the relay voltage Vm has at least two levels when the switching elements (switching elements SC 1-SCn) are switched. In one embodiment, the plurality of switching devices (switching devices SC 1-SCm) of the inductive power conversion circuit 22 periodically switch the coupling relationship of the inductor L between the relay voltage Vm, the output voltage Vout and the ground potential according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal CTRL to generate the output voltage Vout, wherein the proportional relationship between the output voltage Vout and the high level of the relay voltage Vm is related to the duty ratio. In one embodiment, the first end Lep1 of the inductor L is coupled to the proportional voltage node Np.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a switching power converter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention (switching power converter circuit 3). In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the inductive power conversion circuit 32 is configured as a buck-type (buck) switching power conversion circuit, and in this embodiment, the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit 32 further includes a second switching element SC 2.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first switching element SC1 is coupled between the first end Cep1 of the converting capacitor C1 and the proportional voltage node Np, the second end Lep2 of the inductor L is coupled to the output voltage Vout, the output capacitor Co is coupled between the second end Lep2 of the inductor L and the ground potential, and the second switching element SC2 is coupled between the proportional voltage node Np and the ground potential.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, the capacitive power conversion circuit 31 is configured as a pump (charge pump) circuit, and in the embodiment, the high level of the relay voltage Vm is higher than the level of the input voltage Vin. In one aspect, the capacitive power conversion circuit 31 and the inductive power conversion circuit 32 share at least the first switching element SC 1. In one embodiment, the sharing is as follows: during the duty cycle, i.e., during the period in which the first switching element SC1 is controlled to be on according to the duty cycle, the first switching element SC1 turns on the connection path between the first end Cep1 of the conversion capacitor C1 and the proportional voltage node Np for the capacitive power conversion circuit 31, while the first switching element SC1 also simultaneously turns on the connection path between the first end Lep1 of the inductor L and the relay voltage Vm for the inductive power conversion circuit 32.
Referring to fig. 4A, fig. 4A is a schematic diagram of a switching power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention (switching power conversion circuit 4). In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4A, the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit 41 further includes: a third switching element SC3, a fourth switching element SC4 and a fifth switching element SC 5.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4A, the third switching element SC3 is coupled between the input voltage Vin and the first end Cep1 of the converting capacitor C1, the fourth switching element SC4 is coupled between the input voltage Vin and the second end Cep2 of the converting capacitor C1, and the fifth switching element SC5 is coupled between the second end Cep2 of the converting capacitor C1 and the ground potential.
Referring to fig. 4A and 4B, fig. 4B shows an operation waveform corresponding to fig. 4A. In an embodiment, the first switching element SC1, the third switching element SC3, the fourth switching element SC4 and the fifth switching element SC5 are correspondingly operated according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal CTRL generated by the switching control circuit 10, such that the conversion capacitor C1 is periodically and correspondingly coupled between the input voltage Vin and the ground potential or between the proportional voltage node Np and the input voltage Vin, and the high level of the relay voltage Vm is substantially equal to a predetermined boost multiple (voltage-up factor) of the level of the input voltage Vin, wherein the predetermined boost multiple is greater than 1 (in the embodiment, the boost multiple may be 2).
In an embodiment, the inductive power conversion circuit 42 of fig. 4A may correspond to the inductive power conversion circuit 32 of fig. 3, for example, the first switching element SC1 and the second switching element SC2 operate correspondingly according to a duty ratio of the switching control signal CTRL, so that the first end Lep1 of the inductor L is periodically coupled to the relay voltage Vm or the ground potential correspondingly, and the level of the output voltage Vout is substantially equal to a predetermined step-down factor (voltage scale-down factor) of the high level of the relay voltage Vm, where the predetermined step-down factor is smaller than 1. It should be noted that the high level of the proportional voltage VLX at the proportional voltage node Np is substantially the same as the high level of the relay voltage Vm, the low level thereof is substantially the level of the ground potential, and the level of the output voltage Vout is substantially the average value of the levels of the proportional voltage VLX, which is related to the duty ratio of the switching control signal CTRL. In this embodiment, the relationship between the level of the output voltage Vout and the level of the proportional voltage VLX is, for example: vout is 2 × Vin × D, where D is the duty ratio of the switching control signal CTRL, and in the present embodiment, the duty ratio of the switching control signal CTRL is, for example, T1/(T1+ T2).
Specifically, for the capacitive power conversion circuit 41, during the non-duty cycle (e.g., during the period T2 shown in fig. 4B), the third switching element SC3 and the fifth switching element SC5 are controlled to be conductive, and the first switching element SC1 and the fourth switching element SC4 are simultaneously controlled to be non-conductive, while the conversion capacitor C1 is correspondingly coupled between the input voltage Vin and the ground potential, so that the connection path between the input voltage Vin and the first end Cep1 of the converting capacitor C1, and the connection path between the second end Cep2 of the converting capacitor C1 and the ground potential are controlled to be conductive, that is, the conversion capacitor C1 is charged to the same level as the input voltage Vin by the third switching element SC3 and the fifth switching element SC5, so that the relay voltage Vm has a low level (in this embodiment, as shown during the period T2 of fig. 4B, the low level of the relay voltage Vm is substantially equal to the level of the input voltage Vin). On the other hand, for the inductive power conversion circuit 42, the first switching element SC1 is controlled to be non-conductive and the second switching element SC2 is controlled to be conductive, so that the proportional voltage VLX at the proportional voltage node Np has the ground potential, i.e., the first end Lep1 of the inductor L is correspondingly coupled to the ground potential and has the ground potential during the non-duty cycle.
Then, during the duty cycle (e.g. during the period T3 or T1 shown in fig. 4B), the first switching element SC1 and the fourth switching element SC4 are controlled to be turned on for the capacitive power conversion circuit 41, and the third switching element SC3 and the fifth switching element SC5 are simultaneously controlled to be non-conductive, when the transfer capacitor C1 is correspondingly coupled between the proportional voltage node Np and the input voltage Vin, so that the connection path between the input voltage Vin and the second terminal Cep2 of the converting capacitor C1, and the connection path between the first end Cep1 of the converting capacitor C1 and the proportional voltage node Np is controlled to be conductive, so that the relay voltage Vm is pumped to a high level by the superposition of the input voltage Vin and the voltage across the converting capacitor C1 (also Vin in this embodiment), in the present embodiment, as shown, the relay voltage Vm is pumped to 2Vin during the duty cycle (e.g., during T3). On the other hand, for the inductive power conversion circuit 42, the first switching element SC1 is controlled to be conductive and the second switching element SC2 is controlled to be non-conductive, so that the proportional voltage VLX at the proportional voltage node Np has a high level (2Vin), i.e., the first end Lep1 of the inductor L is correspondingly coupled to the relay voltage Vm during the duty cycle, and therefore the first end Lep1 of the inductor L also has a high level.
Referring to fig. 4A, in an embodiment, the high level of the intermediate voltage Vm is substantially a preset boosting multiple of the level of the input voltage Vin, and the level of the output voltage Vout is substantially a preset dropping multiple of the high level of the intermediate voltage Vm, so that the level of the input voltage Vin is optionally greater than or less than the level of the output voltage Vout. In summary, the switching power conversion circuit of the present invention can achieve the effect of a buck-boost switching power conversion circuit through a capacitive power conversion circuit and an inductive power conversion circuit, but does not need to use a more complicated inductive buck-boost switching power conversion circuit.
Referring to fig. 5A and 5B, fig. 5A shows a schematic diagram of a switching power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention (switching power conversion circuit 5), and fig. 5B shows schematic diagrams of two embodiments of a second switching element in the switching power conversion circuit according to the present invention (second switching elements SC21, SC 22). In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5A, the first switching element SC1 is a switch. In one embodiment, the third switching element SC3, the fourth switching element SC4 and the fifth switching element SC5 of the capacitive power conversion circuit 51 are switches. The operation of this embodiment is similar to the embodiment of fig. 4A, and is not repeated herein. As shown in fig. 5B, in an embodiment, the second switching element (e.g., corresponding to the second switching element SC2 of fig. 5A) may be configured as a diode (SC22) or a switch (SC 21). It should be noted that, when the second switching element is configured as a diode (SC22), the switching control signal CTRL does not directly control whether the second switching element SC22 is turned on or off, but is determined by the direction of the current.
Referring to fig. 6A, fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of a switching power converter circuit according to an embodiment of the invention (switching power converter circuit 6). In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6A, the first switching element SC1, the third switching element SC3 and the fourth switching element SC4 in the capacitive power conversion circuit 61 are PMOS transistors, the fifth switching element SC5 is an NMOS transistor, and the second switching element SC2 in the inductive power conversion circuit 62 is an NMOS transistor.
Referring to fig. 6A and 6B, fig. 6B shows an operation waveform corresponding to fig. 6A. In the present embodiment, the switching control signal CTRL generated by the switching control circuit 10 includes a switching control signal dPWM and a switching control signal dpbmb, the switching control signal dPWM is, for example, in phase with the waveform of the switching control signal CTRL shown in fig. 4B, and the waveform of the switching control signal dpbmb is in phase opposition to the waveform of the switching control signal CTRL. In the present embodiment, the first switching element SC1, the second switching element SC2, the fourth switching element SC4 and the fifth switching element SC5 operate correspondingly according to the switching control signal dpbmb, and the third switching element SC3 operates correspondingly according to the switching control signal dPWM, so that the converting capacitor C1 is periodically and correspondingly coupled between the input voltage Vin and the ground potential or between the proportional voltage node Np and the input voltage Vin, and the first end Lep1 of the inductor L is periodically and correspondingly coupled between the relay voltage Vm and the ground potential, and details and effects of the operation are as described in the embodiment of fig. 4A, which are not repeated herein.
From another perspective, the present invention also discloses a switching circuit, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 shows a block diagram (switching circuit 200) of an embodiment of the switching circuit of the present invention. In one embodiment, the switching circuit 200 includes a capacitive power conversion circuit 21, an inductive power conversion circuit 22 and a switching control circuit 10, wherein the switching control circuit 10 is configured to generate a switching control signal CTRL to control the switching element SC1 of the capacitive power conversion circuit 21 to the switching element SCn, and the switching control signal CTRL is also configured to control the switching element SC1 of the inductive power conversion circuit 22 to the switching element SCm. In an embodiment, the switching circuit 200 is used to switch the switching capacitor C1 and the inductor L, and details of operations thereof are as described in the embodiments of fig. 2 to 6A, which are not repeated herein.
It should be noted that, compared to the aforementioned prior art in fig. 1A, the switching power conversion circuit (e.g. the switching power conversion circuits 3-6) of the present invention shares the first switching element SC1, so that at least one capacitor (i.e. not requiring C2' in the prior art in fig. 1A) and at least one switch (i.e. the switches SW1 and SWH in the prior art in fig. 1A are combined into the first switching element SC1 in the present invention) can be saved, thereby effectively saving cost, and since the number of switches in the power path is reduced, the on-resistance of the switch is also reduced, so that the power conversion efficiency can be improved, referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 shows the power conversion efficiency graphs of the prior art and the present invention respectively corresponding to different loads, and as shown in fig. 8, the power conversion efficiency of the switching power conversion circuit of the present invention is better than that of the prior art. In addition, due to the switching power conversion circuit of the present invention, all the switching elements in the capacitive power conversion circuit 21 and the inductive power conversion circuit 22 can operate according to the switching control signals (CTRL, dPWM, dpbmb) related to each other, and therefore, the complexity of the control can be greatly simplified.
The present invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, but the above description is only for the purpose of making the content of the present invention easy to understand for those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The embodiments described are not limited to single use, but may be used in combination, for example, two or more embodiments may be combined, and some components in one embodiment may be substituted for corresponding components in another embodiment. Further, equivalent variations and combinations are contemplated by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the present invention, and the term "processing or computing or generating an output result based on a signal" is not limited to the signal itself, and includes, if necessary, performing voltage-to-current conversion, current-to-voltage conversion, and/or scaling on the signal, and then processing or computing the converted signal to generate an output result. It is understood that equivalent variations and combinations, not necessarily all illustrated, will occur to those of skill in the art, which combinations are not necessarily intended to be limiting. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be determined to encompass all such equivalent variations as described above.
Claims (12)
1. A switching power converter circuit, comprising:
a conversion capacitor;
a capacitive power conversion circuit, comprising a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit are configured to switch the conversion capacitor according to a switching control signal to convert an input voltage into a relay voltage, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit comprise a first switching element, and the relay voltage and the input voltage have a predetermined proportional relationship;
an inductor;
an inductive power conversion circuit comprising a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit are configured to switch the inductor according to the switching control signal to convert the intermediate voltage into an output voltage, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit comprise the first switching element; and
a switching control circuit for generating the switching control signal, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit periodically switch a coupling relationship among a proportional voltage node, the input voltage, and a ground potential of the conversion capacitor according to a duty cycle of the switching control signal to generate the relay voltage at the first terminal of the conversion capacitor, wherein the relay voltage is in a form of a pulse; the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit periodically switch the coupling relationship among the relay voltage, the output voltage and the ground potential of the inductor according to the duty ratio to generate the output voltage, wherein the first end of the inductor is coupled to the proportional voltage node;
wherein a proportional relationship between the output voltage and a high level of the relay voltage is related to the duty ratio;
the inductive power conversion circuit is configured as a buck switching power conversion circuit, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit further includes a second switching element, wherein the first switching element is coupled between the first end of the conversion capacitor and the proportional voltage node, the second end of the inductor is coupled to the output voltage, and the second switching element is coupled between the proportional voltage node and the ground potential;
the capacitive power conversion circuit is configured as a pump circuit, wherein the high level of the intermediate voltage is higher than the input voltage;
wherein the first switching element turns on a connection path between the first terminal of the converting capacitor and the proportional voltage node and simultaneously turns on a connection path between the first terminal of the inductor and the relay voltage during a duty cycle period, wherein the duty cycle period is a period in which the first switching element is controlled to be on according to the duty cycle;
wherein the first switching element is a switch, the second switching element is a diode or a switch, and the first and second switching elements operate correspondingly according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal, so that the first end of the inductor is periodically and correspondingly coupled to the relay voltage or the ground potential, and the level of the output voltage is approximately a preset step-down multiple of the high level of the relay voltage, wherein the preset step-down multiple is less than 1;
wherein, the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit further include:
a third switching element coupled between the input voltage and the first end of the transfer capacitor;
a fourth switching element coupled between the input voltage and the second end of the transfer capacitor; and
a fifth switching element coupled between the second end of the converting capacitor and the ground potential;
the first, third, fourth and fifth switching elements are correspondingly operated according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal, so that the conversion capacitor is periodically and correspondingly coupled between the input voltage and the ground potential or between the proportional voltage node and the input voltage, and the high level of the relay voltage is approximately a preset boosting multiple of the level of the input voltage, wherein the preset boosting multiple is greater than 1;
wherein the relay voltage has the high level during the duty cycle;
wherein the relay voltage has a low level during a non-duty cycle period, wherein the non-duty cycle period is a period in which the first switching element is controlled to be off according to the duty cycle;
wherein the third, fourth and fifth switching elements are switches;
during the duty cycle, the first and fourth switching elements are controlled to be on, and the second, third and fifth switching elements are simultaneously controlled to be off, so that a connection path between the input voltage and the second end of the converting capacitor, and a connection path between the first end of the converting capacitor and the proportional voltage node are controlled to be on, thereby enabling the relay voltage to have the high level, and the first end of the inductor to have the high level;
during the non-duty cycle, the second, third and fifth switching elements are controlled to be on, and the first and fourth switching elements are simultaneously controlled to be off, so that a connection path between the input voltage and the first end of the converting capacitor, a connection path between the second end of the converting capacitor and the ground potential, and a connection path between the first end of the inductor and the ground potential are controlled to be on, thereby the relay voltage has the low level, and the first end of the inductor has the ground potential.
2. The switching power converter circuit of claim 1, wherein the level of the input voltage is optionally greater than or less than the level of the output voltage.
3. The switching power converter circuit of claim 1, wherein the predetermined boost factor is 2.
4. The switching power converter circuit of claim 1, wherein a low level of the intermediate voltage is substantially equal to the level of the input voltage.
5. The switching power converter circuit of claim 1, wherein the first, third and fourth switching elements are PMOS transistors and the second and fifth switching elements are NMOS transistors.
6. The switching power converter circuit of claim 1, wherein there is a unique switch between the first end of the inductor and the first end of the converter capacitor, and the first switching element corresponds to the unique switch.
7. A switching circuit, comprising:
a capacitive power conversion circuit, comprising a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit are configured to switch a conversion capacitor according to a switching control signal to convert an input voltage into a relay voltage, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit comprise a first switching element, and the relay voltage and the input voltage have a predetermined proportional relationship;
an inductive power conversion circuit comprising a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit are configured to switch an inductor according to the switching control signal to convert the intermediate voltage into an output voltage, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit comprise the first switching element; and
a switching control circuit for generating the switching control signal, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit periodically switch a coupling relationship among a proportional voltage node, the input voltage, and a ground potential of the conversion capacitor according to a duty cycle of the switching control signal to generate the relay voltage at the first terminal of the conversion capacitor, wherein the relay voltage is in a form of a pulse; the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit periodically switch the coupling relationship among the relay voltage, the output voltage and the ground potential of the inductor according to the duty ratio to generate the output voltage, wherein the first end of the inductor is coupled to the proportional voltage node;
wherein a proportional relationship between the output voltage and a high level of the relay voltage is related to the duty ratio;
the inductive power conversion circuit is configured as a buck switching power conversion circuit, wherein the plurality of switching elements of the inductive power conversion circuit further includes a second switching element, wherein the first switching element is coupled between the first end of the conversion capacitor and the proportional voltage node, the second end of the inductor is coupled to the output voltage, and the second switching element is coupled between the proportional voltage node and the ground potential;
the capacitive power conversion circuit is configured as a pump circuit, wherein the high level of the intermediate voltage is higher than the input voltage;
wherein the first switching element turns on a connection path between the first terminal of the converting capacitor and the proportional voltage node and simultaneously turns on a connection path between the first terminal of the inductor and the relay voltage during a duty cycle period, wherein the duty cycle period is a period in which the first switching element is controlled to be on according to the duty cycle;
wherein the first switching element is a switch, the second switching element is a diode or a switch, and the first and second switching elements operate correspondingly according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal, so that the first end of the inductor is periodically and correspondingly coupled to the relay voltage or the ground potential, and the level of the output voltage is approximately a preset step-down multiple of the high level of the relay voltage, wherein the preset step-down multiple is less than 1;
wherein, the plurality of switching elements of the capacitive power conversion circuit further include:
a third switching element coupled between the input voltage and the first end of the transfer capacitor;
a fourth switching element coupled between the input voltage and the second end of the transfer capacitor; and
a fifth switching element coupled between the second end of the converting capacitor and the ground potential;
the first, third, fourth and fifth switching elements are correspondingly operated according to the duty ratio of the switching control signal, so that the conversion capacitor is periodically and correspondingly coupled between the input voltage and the ground potential or between the proportional voltage node and the input voltage, and the high level of the relay voltage is approximately a preset boosting multiple of the level of the input voltage, wherein the preset boosting multiple is greater than 1;
wherein the relay voltage has the high level during the duty cycle;
wherein the relay voltage has a low level during a non-duty cycle period, wherein the non-duty cycle period is a period in which the first switching element is controlled to be off according to the duty cycle;
wherein the third, fourth and fifth switching elements are switches;
during the duty cycle, the first and fourth switching elements are controlled to be on, and the second, third and fifth switching elements are simultaneously controlled to be off, so that a connection path between the input voltage and the second end of the converting capacitor, and a connection path between the first end of the converting capacitor and the proportional voltage node are controlled to be on, thereby enabling the relay voltage to have the high level, and the first end of the inductor to have the high level;
during the non-duty cycle, the second, third and fifth switching elements are controlled to be on, and the first and fourth switching elements are simultaneously controlled to be off, so that a connection path between the input voltage and the first end of the converting capacitor, a connection path between the second end of the converting capacitor and the ground potential, and a connection path between the first end of the inductor and the ground potential are controlled to be on, thereby the relay voltage has the low level, and the first end of the inductor has the ground potential.
8. The switching circuit of claim 7, wherein the level of the input voltage is optionally greater than or less than the level of the output voltage.
9. The switching circuit of claim 7, wherein the predetermined boost factor is 2.
10. The switching circuit of claim 7, wherein a low level of the intermediate voltage is substantially equal to the level of the input voltage.
11. The switching circuit of claim 7, wherein the first, third and fourth switching elements are PMOS transistors and the second and fifth switching elements are NMOS transistors.
12. The switching circuit of claim 7, wherein there is one and only switch between the first end of the inductor and the first end of the transfer capacitor, and the first switching element corresponds to the one and only switch.
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| US8854019B1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2014-10-07 | Rf Micro Devices, Inc. | Hybrid DC/DC power converter with charge-pump and buck converter |
| TW201312916A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-16 | Richtek Technology Corp | Power supply circuit and power supply circuit with adaptively enabled charge pump |
| US10050515B1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Voltage control of flying capacitor in adaptive multilevel converters |
| CN110198057A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-09-03 | 立锜科技股份有限公司 | Charging circuit and its power-switching circuit |
| US10389237B1 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-08-20 | Linear Technology Holding Llc | Light-load efficiency improvement of hybrid switched capacitor converter |
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