CN113205493B - Defective photovoltaic module positioning method and system - Google Patents
Defective photovoltaic module positioning method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for positioning a defective photovoltaic module, wherein an unmanned aerial vehicle is used for mapping a photovoltaic square matrix to be measured to obtain a mapping graph; establishing a coordinate graph for the map, obtaining a coordinate range of each photovoltaic module according to the comparison between the coordinate graph and the map, and establishing a photovoltaic module coordinate database according to the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module, wherein each module coordinate corresponds to the specific position of each module; carrying out photovoltaic module EL detection or hot spot detection by using an unmanned aerial vehicle; obtaining a coordinate of a defect component U (xu, yu) according to a coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle hovering right above the defect component M (xm, ym), and obtaining a coordinate of the defect component (xu + x0, yu + yo) in the test by comparing the map; and matching the established database to position the marked defective photovoltaic module. Through the location efficient, saved the problem that artifical location inefficiency and special photovoltaic power plant can't realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a method and a system for positioning a defective photovoltaic module.
Background
At present, the EL test and the infrared test of a photovoltaic module are generally carried out by manually holding portable equipment, because the efficiency of the handheld equipment is low and the detection is inconvenient, people begin to research the unmanned detection of the photovoltaic module in recent years, the test technology can obtain test images of the EL and the hot spot of the photovoltaic module, but the detection mode is a few positioning methods of defective modules, so that the specific problems of the defective modules cannot be known, and the defective photovoltaic modules cannot be tracked and analyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method and a system for positioning a defective photovoltaic module to position the defective photovoltaic module when an unmanned aerial vehicle carries out photovoltaic module EL or hot spot test aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for positioning a defective photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:
s1, surveying and mapping a photovoltaic square array to be measured by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain a survey map;
s2, establishing a coordinate graph by using the mapping graph obtained in the step S1, obtaining a coordinate range of each photovoltaic module according to comparison between the coordinate graph and the mapping graph, and establishing a photovoltaic module coordinate database according to the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module, wherein each photovoltaic module coordinate corresponds to a specific position of each photovoltaic module;
s3, carrying out photovoltaic module EL detection or hot spot detection by using an unmanned aerial vehicle;
s4, obtaining a coordinate U (xu, yu) of the defect component according to the coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle hovering right above the defect component M (xm, ym) in the step S3, and obtaining the coordinate (xu + x0, yu + yo) of the defect component in the test by comparing the map;
and S5, matching the database established in the step S2 to position the defective photovoltaic module marked in the step S4.
Specifically, in the step S1, the map is an orthophoto map with a resolution of 0.05m, the scale is 1.
Specifically, in step S2, a coordinate graph is established by using a flying point of the unmanned aerial vehicle established map as a coordinate origin U0 (x 0, y0, 0), an ith photovoltaic module lower left corner is used as a module positioning base point, an abscissa of the module positioning base point is a vertical distance from the lower left corner of the module to an axis y in the map, an ordinate of the ith module positioning base point is a vertical distance from the lower left corner of the module to the axis x in the map, and an ith module positioning base point is obtained as a coordinate (xi, yi); the coordinates of the upper right corner of the photovoltaic module are (xi + d, yi + L), [ xi, xi + d ] covers the length of the abscissa of the corresponding module, and [ yj, yj + L ] covers the length of the ordinate of the corresponding module, and a coordinate range is established for each photovoltaic module to obtain a coordinate database of all photovoltaic modules.
Specifically, in step S2, in the photovoltaic module coordinate database, the coordinates of the ith module in the map from west to east are:
SiMj＝([xi,xi+d],[yj,yi+L])
and d and L are the side length of the photovoltaic module in the east-west direction and the side length of the photovoltaic module in the north-south direction respectively.
Specifically, in step S3, when the unmanned aerial vehicle takes off, the coordinate of the corresponding unmanned aerial vehicle on the mapping chart is U0 (x 0, y0, 0), and when the unmanned aerial vehicle shoots the defective component, the unmanned aerial vehicle hovers directly above the defective component M (xm, ym), and the coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle at this time is U (xu, yu, zu).
Specifically, in step S4, the coordinate correction value in the map during the test of the drone is: the abscissa is xu + x0, the ordinate is yu + y0, and the defective component coordinate specifically is:
M(xm,ym)＝U(xu+x0,yu+yo)
wherein, M is defect photovoltaic module, (xm, ym) is the abscissa and ordinate of defect photovoltaic module, U is the unmanned aerial vehicle that hovers above photovoltaic module, (xu + x0, yu + yo) is the unmanned aerial vehicle when the subassembly is tested in the position coordinate of mapping.
Specifically, in step S5, when xu + xo is in the range [ xi, xi + d ] & yu + y0 is in the range [ yj, yi + L ], M (xm, ym) = SiMj, i.e., the defective component position is located at the jth component from west to east of the ith group string.
Another technical solution of the present invention is a defective photovoltaic module positioning system, including:
the surveying and mapping module is used for surveying and mapping the photovoltaic square matrix to be tested by using the unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain a survey map;
the database module is used for establishing a coordinate graph for the measurement drawing obtained by the mapping module, obtaining the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module according to the comparison between the coordinate graph and the measurement drawing, and establishing a photovoltaic module coordinate database according to the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module, wherein each module coordinate corresponds to the specific position of each module;
the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for carrying out photovoltaic module EL detection or hot spot detection, when the unmanned aerial vehicle takes off, the coordinate of the corresponding unmanned aerial vehicle on the mapping chart is U0 (x 0, y0, 0), when the unmanned aerial vehicle shoots the defective component, the unmanned aerial vehicle hovers right above the defective component M (xm, ym), and the coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle at the moment is U (xu, yu, zu);
the defect module is used for obtaining the coordinates of the defect component as U (xu, yu) according to the coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle right above the defect component M (xm, ym) of the selection module, and obtaining the coordinates of the defect component as (xu + x0, yu + yo) in the test process by comparing the map;
and the positioning module is matched with the database established by the database module and used for positioning the defective photovoltaic module marked by the defective module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the defect photovoltaic module positioning method, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for surveying and mapping the photovoltaic square matrix to be detected, the detection efficiency is high, and the defect photovoltaic module positioning method can be suitable for positioning the defect photovoltaic module when the unmanned aerial vehicle detects the photovoltaic module EL or hot spots; the coordinate of hovering over the defect subassembly M (xm, ym) according to unmanned aerial vehicle obtains the defect subassembly coordinate and is U (xu, yu), and the coordinate of defect subassembly is (xu + x0, yu + yo) when the contrast mapping obtains the test, and location efficiency is high, has saved the problem that artifical location inefficiency and special photovoltaic power plant can't realize.
Furthermore, the map is an orthophoto map with the resolution of 0.05m, the scale is 1; and obtaining the positions of all the photovoltaic modules to be tested by establishing a map.
Furthermore, a coordinate graph is established by taking a flying point of the unmanned aerial vehicle for establishing a map as a coordinate origin U0 (x 0, y0, 0), and a coordinate range is established for each photovoltaic module, so that the coordinate of each photovoltaic module has uniqueness, and the positioning accuracy is ensured.
Furthermore, a photovoltaic module coordinate database is established to quickly retrieve the coordinate range of the defective photovoltaic module, and thus the defective photovoltaic module is located.
Furthermore, the flying point of the unmanned aerial vehicle is not necessarily the origin of coordinates of the map during testing, and the unmanned aerial vehicle coordinate is obtained by hovering over the defective component M and is used for comparing with a coordinate system of the map to obtain the coordinate position of the photovoltaic component during testing.
Furthermore, when the photovoltaic module EL or hot spot test is carried out, the coordinates of the defect module during the test are obtained and matched with the coordinate data in the database, and the accurate positioning is ensured.
Further, when xu + xo is in the range of [ xi, xi + d ] & yu + y0 is in the range of [ yj, yi + L ], M (xm, ym) = SiMj, i.e., the defective component position is located at the jth component of the ith string from west to east; the position information of the defective component can be obtained quickly.
A defective photovoltaic module positioning system obtains an orthophoto map of a photovoltaic array to be measured through a surveying and mapping module, and a coordinate system is conveniently established; the database module establishes a unique coordinate for each photovoltaic module based on the map, so that the defect modules can be accurately positioned conveniently, and the defect modules can be tracked and analyzed in the later period conveniently; the selection module can finish free hovering of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the defect module can finish presenting of a photovoltaic module EL or hot spot defect; the positioning module can position the photovoltaic module.
In conclusion, the method and the device can be used for positioning and testing the defective component in the infrared or EL test process, have high positioning efficiency, and can be used for positioning the defective component in the infrared or EL test process of the special photovoltaic power station.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the positioning of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the defective device positioning of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of the various regions, layers and their relative sizes, positional relationships are shown in the drawings as examples only, and in practice deviations due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations are possible, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers with different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to the actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a method for positioning a defective photovoltaic module according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, surveying and mapping a photovoltaic square matrix to be measured by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain a survey map;
s2, according to the mapping graph obtained in the step S1, establishing a coordinate graph for the mapping graph to obtain the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module, and establishing a photovoltaic module coordinate database;
in the photovoltaic module coordinate database, the coordinates of the jth module of the ith group string from west to east are as follows:
SiMj＝([xi,xi+d],[yj,yi+L])
and d and L are the side length of the photovoltaic module in the east-west direction and the side length of the photovoltaic module in the north-south direction respectively.
S3, when the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for photovoltaic module EL detection or hot spot detection, when the unmanned aerial vehicle takes off, the coordinate of the corresponding unmanned aerial vehicle on the mapping chart is U0 (x 0, y0, 0), when the unmanned aerial vehicle shoots a defective module, the unmanned aerial vehicle hovers right above the defective module M (xm, ym), and the coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle at the moment is U (xu, yu, zu);
s4, obtaining a defective assembly coordinate M (xm, ym) = U (xu-x 0, yu-y 0) according to the process;
and according to the coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle hovering over the defective component M (xm, ym) in the step S3, obtaining the coordinates of the defective component as U (xu, yu). Because the takeoff place of the unmanned aerial vehicle is not necessarily the coordinate origin of the mapping graph during the test, as shown in fig. 2, the coordinate correction value in the mapping graph during the test of the unmanned aerial vehicle is as follows: the abscissa is xu + x0, the ordinate is yu + y0, and the coordinate of the defect component in the map when the map is compared and tested is (xu + x0, yu + yo).
And S5, matching the database established in the step S2, and positioning the defective photovoltaic module.
And according to the photovoltaic component position determined by S1, the coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle hovering above the defective component is matched with the database established by S2, and when xu-xo is in the range of [ xi, xi + d ] & yu-y0 is in the range of [ yj, yi + L ], M (xm, y) M = Si, namely the defective component position is located at the jth component of the ith group string from west to east.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a defective photovoltaic module positioning system is provided, which can be used to implement the above method for detecting marking information of a radiation image, and specifically, the defective photovoltaic module positioning system includes a mapping module, a database module, a selection module, a defect module, and a positioning module.
The system comprises a surveying module, a measuring module and a control module, wherein the surveying module uses an unmanned aerial vehicle to survey a photovoltaic square matrix to be measured to obtain a survey map;
the database module is used for establishing a coordinate graph for the measurement and drawing obtained by the mapping module, obtaining the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module according to the comparison between the coordinate graph and the measurement and drawing, and establishing a photovoltaic module coordinate database according to the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module, wherein each module coordinate corresponds to the specific position of each module;
the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for photovoltaic module EL detection or hot spot detection, when the unmanned aerial vehicle takes off, the coordinate of the corresponding unmanned aerial vehicle on the mapping chart is U0 (x 0, y0, 0), when the unmanned aerial vehicle shoots a defective component, the unmanned aerial vehicle hovers right above the defective component M (xm, ym), and the coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle at the moment is U (xu, yu, zu);
the defect module is used for obtaining the coordinates of the defect component as U (xu, yu) according to the coordinates of the selection module above the defect component M (xm, ym) of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and comparing the mapping to obtain the coordinates of the defect component as (xu + x0, yu + yo) during testing;
and the positioning module is matched with the database established by the database module and used for positioning the defective photovoltaic module marked by the defective module.
At present, in photovoltaic module EL or hot spot test, the traditional method tests for handheld portable equipment, for distributed photovoltaic power stations such as surface of water photovoltaic, roof photovoltaic, manual test and defect component positioning process are difficult to realize, manual test location must tester walk to the defect component that the test obtained just can confirm the defect component position in the future, use unmanned aerial vehicle to carry relevant camera lens in recent years and test, but the test only has the result, lacks the location to defect photovoltaic module. The invention can position and test the defective component in the infrared or EL process, has high positioning efficiency, and can position the defective component in the infrared or EL test process of the special photovoltaic power station
In summary, according to the defective photovoltaic module positioning method and system, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for surveying and mapping to obtain the map, so that the position of each photovoltaic module is determined, the photovoltaic module database is established, then the photovoltaic module EL and hot spot test is carried out, the position of the defective photovoltaic module is obtained by comparing the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle with the position of the photovoltaic module on the map, the test process is simple, and the manual positioning efficiency can be improved when the number of the defective photovoltaic modules is large.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for positioning a defective photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, surveying and mapping a photovoltaic square matrix to be measured by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain a survey map;
s2, establishing a coordinate graph by using the mapping graph obtained in the step S1, obtaining a coordinate range of each photovoltaic assembly according to comparison between the coordinate graph and the mapping graph, and establishing a photovoltaic assembly coordinate database according to the coordinate range of each photovoltaic assembly, wherein each photovoltaic assembly coordinate corresponds to a specific position of each assembly;
s3, carrying out photovoltaic module EL detection or hot spot detection by using an unmanned aerial vehicle;
s4, obtaining the coordinates of the defect component U (xu, yu) according to the coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle hovering over the defect component M (xm, ym) in the step S3, comparing the map to obtain the coordinates of the defect component in the test of (xu + x0, yu + yo), wherein x0 and yo are the coordinates of the flying point of the unmanned aerial vehicle on the map;
and S5, matching the database established in the step S2 to position the defective photovoltaic module marked in the step S4, so as to realize the positioning of the defective photovoltaic module.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the map is an orthophotomap with a resolution of 0.05m, the scale bar is 1.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, a coordinate graph is created by taking a flying point of the unmanned aerial vehicle created map as a coordinate origin U0 (x 0, y0, 0), taking the ith lower left corner of the photovoltaic module as a component positioning base point, the abscissa of the photovoltaic module positioning base point is the vertical distance from the lower left corner of the photovoltaic module to the y axis in the map, the ordinate of the ith component positioning base point is the vertical distance from the lower left corner of the photovoltaic module to the x axis in the map, and the ith component positioning base point is obtained as a coordinate (xi, yi); the coordinates of the upper right corner of the photovoltaic module are (xi + d, yi + L), [ xi, xi + d ] covers the length of the abscissa of the corresponding module, and [ yj, yj + L ] covers the length of the ordinate of the corresponding module, and a coordinate range is established for each photovoltaic module to obtain a coordinate database of all photovoltaic modules.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, in the photovoltaic module coordinate database, the coordinates of the ith group string from west to east in the map are:
SiMj＝([xi,xi+d],[yj,yi+L])
and d and L are the side length of the photovoltaic module in the east-west direction and the side length of the photovoltaic module in the north-south direction respectively.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, when the drone takes off, the coordinate of the drone on the mapping chart is U0 (x 0, y0, 0), and when the drone shoots the defective component, the drone hovers right above the defective component M (xm, ym), so that the coordinate of the drone at this time is U (xu, yu, zu).
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the coordinate correction values in the map when the drone is tested are: the abscissa is xu + x0, the ordinate is yu + y0, and the defective component coordinate specifically is:
M(xm,ym)＝U(xu+x0,yu+yo)
wherein, M is defective photovoltaic module, (xm, ym) is defective photovoltaic module's abscissa and ordinate, and U is the unmanned aerial vehicle that hovers above photovoltaic module, (xu + x0, yu + yo) is unmanned aerial vehicle when the subassembly is tested in the position coordinate of unmanned aerial vehicle in the map.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, when xu + xo is in the range of [ xi, xi + d ] and yu + y0 is in the range of [ yj, yi + L ], M (xm, ym) = SiMj, i.e. the defective component position is located at the jth component of the ith group string from west to east.
8. A defective photovoltaic module locating system, comprising:
the surveying and mapping module is used for surveying and mapping the photovoltaic square matrix to be tested by using the unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain a survey map;
the database module is used for establishing a coordinate graph for the measurement drawing obtained by the mapping module, obtaining the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module according to the comparison between the coordinate graph and the measurement drawing, and establishing a photovoltaic module coordinate database according to the coordinate range of each photovoltaic module, wherein each module coordinate corresponds to the specific position of each module;
the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for photovoltaic module EL detection or hot spot detection, when the unmanned aerial vehicle takes off, the coordinate of the corresponding unmanned aerial vehicle on the mapping chart is U0 (x 0, y0, 0), when the unmanned aerial vehicle shoots a defective component, the unmanned aerial vehicle hovers right above the defective component M (xm, ym), and the coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle at the moment is U (xu, yu, zu);
the defect module is used for obtaining the coordinates of the defect component as U (xu, yu) according to the coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle right above the defect component M (xm, ym) of the selection module, and obtaining the coordinates of the defect component as (xu + x0, yu + yo) in the test process by comparing the map;
and the positioning module is matched with the database established by the database module and used for positioning the defective photovoltaic module marked by the defective module.
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