CN113204827B - Building energy-saving design method and system based on BIM - Google Patents
Building energy-saving design method and system based on BIM Download PDFInfo
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- CN113204827B CN113204827B CN202110602494.0A CN202110602494A CN113204827B CN 113204827 B CN113204827 B CN 113204827B CN 202110602494 A CN202110602494 A CN 202110602494A CN 113204827 B CN113204827 B CN 113204827B
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Abstract
The application is applicable to the technical field of building design, and particularly relates to a building energy-saving design method and system based on BIM, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a virtual three-dimensional model according to the actual external dimension of the existing building; generating an airflow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf and the common position door leaf, wherein the heights of two ends of the airflow ascending path are different; the ascending paths of the air currents are visualized in the virtual three-dimensional model, and overlapping areas among the ascending paths of the air currents are marked; and generating an energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area. According to the application, through analyzing the indoor gas flowing direction of the existing building and setting the corresponding cooling points, a continuous gas flowing path is formed in the building, so that the energy conservation of the existing building is improved by an additional means, the energy consumption is reduced, and the method is applicable to newly-built or rebuilt projects and has strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of building design, and particularly relates to a building energy-saving design method and system based on BIM.
Background
The building energy saving refers to reducing the energy consumption of the whole building under the premise of ensuring that the requirements are met in the processes of construction of the building, production of building materials and accessory selection.
In the current building design process, a technician performs rough assessment according to the local rough environment and climate of a building, and the whole building finally reaches the corresponding performance standard through the selection of materials and construction processes, so that the energy-saving design is very deficient. The prior art provides a method for building energy-saving design, which is characterized in that the environment of a building address is collected, then the environment design is carried out according to the indoor microclimate characteristics, and then the parameters are modified by using the BIM technology, so that the overall energy conservation of the building is improved.
In the prior art, the positions of structures in a building, such as the positions, the sizes and the like of windows, are directly changed to achieve the purpose of energy conservation. This applies only to new buildings and is not applicable to rebuilding. The energy saving of the reconstructed building cannot be changed by the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a building energy-saving design method based on BIM, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
The embodiment of the application is realized in such a way that a building energy-saving design method based on BIM comprises the following steps:
establishing a virtual three-dimensional model according to the actual external dimension of the existing building, wherein the virtual three-dimensional model at least comprises a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf in the existing building;
generating an airflow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf and the common position door leaf, wherein the heights of two ends of the airflow ascending path are different;
the ascending paths of the air currents are visualized in the virtual three-dimensional model, and overlapping areas among the ascending paths of the air currents are marked;
and generating an energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area.
Preferably, the step of creating a virtual three-dimensional model according to the actual external dimension of the existing building specifically includes:
acquiring comprehensive size information of an existing building, wherein the comprehensive size information at least comprises building main body information and accessory component information;
building a main body model according to the main body information of the building;
adding a model of each component in the main body model according to the accessory component information, wherein the components at least comprise a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf;
and filling the area between the main body model and each component to obtain a virtual three-dimensional model.
Preferably, the step of generating the airflow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf and the common position window leaf specifically includes:
generating a global airflow path by taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point and taking a fire-fighting channel outlet or a ventilation shaft outlet as an ending point;
taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point, and taking a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf as end points to generate a local airflow path;
and eliminating the global airflow path and the local airflow path with the downward turning section, wherein the rest global airflow path and the local airflow path are airflow rising paths.
Preferably, the step of visualizing each airflow-up path in the virtual three-dimensional model and marking the overlapping area between each airflow-up path specifically includes:
numbering the airflow ascending path according to the length of the airflow ascending path;
the virtual three-dimensional model is visualized according to the numbering sequence;
and counting the superposition condition of each region, and distinguishing the superposition regions through marks.
Preferably, the specific step of generating the energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area includes:
calculating the number of airflow rising paths related to the overlapping area, and grading the overlapping area according to the number;
and setting corresponding energy-saving facilities in each overlapping area according to the grade of the overlapping area to obtain an energy-saving facility setting scheme.
Preferably, the building energy-saving design method based on BIM further comprises:
acquiring illumination information of a place where an existing building is located, wherein the illumination information at least comprises a sunlight irradiation angle in winter and a sunlight irradiation angle in summer;
and calculating the spacing and the inclination angle of the shutter according to the sunlight irradiation angle in winter and the sunlight irradiation angle in summer to generate a shutter improvement scheme.
Preferably, in the step of distinguishing the overlapping areas by marking, the marking is a color marking or a symbol marking.
Another object of an embodiment of the present application is to provide a building energy-saving design system based on BIM, including:
the virtual model building module is used for building a virtual three-dimensional model according to the actual external dimension of the existing building, and the virtual three-dimensional model at least comprises a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf in the existing building;
the air flow path generation module is used for generating an air flow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the public position door leaf and the public position door leaf, and the heights of the two ends of the air flow ascending path are different;
the path analysis module is used for visualizing each airflow rising path in the virtual three-dimensional model and marking the superposition area among the airflow rising paths;
the scheme generating module is used for generating an energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area.
Preferably, the virtual model building module includes:
an information acquisition unit for acquiring comprehensive size information of an existing building, the comprehensive size information including at least building body information and accessory member information;
the main body model modeling unit is used for building a main body model according to the building main body information;
an accessory modeling unit for adding a model of each member in the main body model according to accessory member information, the members including at least a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a common position door leaf, and a common position window leaf;
and the model filling unit is used for filling the area between the main body model and each component to obtain a virtual three-dimensional model.
Preferably, the airflow path generating module includes:
the global path generating unit is used for generating a global airflow path by taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point and taking a fire-fighting channel outlet or a ventilation shaft outlet as an ending point;
the local path generating unit is used for generating a local airflow path by taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point and taking a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf as end points;
and the available path generating unit is used for eliminating the global airflow path and the local airflow path which exist in the downward turning section, and the rest global airflow path and the rest local airflow path are airflow rising paths.
According to the building energy-saving design method based on the BIM, provided by the embodiment of the application, through analyzing the indoor gas flowing direction of the existing building and setting the corresponding cooling points, a continuous gas flowing path is formed in the building, the energy conservation of the existing building is improved by an additional means, the energy consumption is reduced, and the building energy-saving design method based on the BIM is applicable to newly built or rebuilt projects and has strong practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a building energy-saving design method based on BIM provided by the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating steps for creating a virtual three-dimensional model based on actual physical dimensions of an existing building according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating steps for generating an airflow up-path according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating steps for marking overlap areas between ascending paths of air currents according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating steps for generating an energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution situation of the overlapping area according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a shutter improvement scheme generation process provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a BIM-based energy-saving design system for architecture according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a virtual model building module according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an airflow path generating module according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
It will be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms unless otherwise specified. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first xx script may be referred to as a second xx script, and similarly, a second xx script may be referred to as a first xx script, without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
In the prior art, the positions of structures in a building, such as the positions, the sizes and the like of windows, are directly changed to achieve the purpose of energy conservation. This applies only to new buildings and is not applicable to rebuilding. The energy saving of the reconstructed building cannot be changed by the prior art.
According to the building energy-saving design method based on the BIM, provided by the embodiment of the application, through analyzing the indoor gas flowing direction of the existing building and setting the corresponding cooling points, a continuous gas flowing path is formed in the building, the energy conservation of the existing building is improved by an additional means, the energy consumption is reduced, and the building energy-saving design method based on the BIM is applicable to newly built or rebuilt projects and has strong practicability.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a building energy-saving design method based on BIM according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method includes:
s100, a virtual three-dimensional model is established according to the actual external dimension of the existing building, and the virtual three-dimensional model at least comprises a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf in the existing building.
In the prior art, for the built buildings, especially the buildings with longer construction period, the design on the energy saving aspect is not much, so that most old buildings are high-energy-consumption buildings, and in the current buildings, the specific gravity of the high-energy-consumption buildings is very high, and the high-energy-consumption buildings are high in energy consumption, so that the annual funds consumed by the high-energy-consumption buildings far exceed the energy-saving buildings, and the energy-saving buildings are continuously reinforced in the construction at present, but the high-energy-consumption buildings are continuously used for a long time in the future, so that the energy-saving design is necessary.
In this step, the external dimensions of the existing building are collected first, in this process, the dimensions of the existing building are measured, or the corresponding dimensions are obtained directly according to the completion of the existing building itself, of course, in the long-term use, there may be cases where part of the positions or members are replaced or damaged, for such areas, the measurement may be performed manually, or the measurement may be assisted by aerial photographing devices such as unmanned aerial vehicles, which mainly aims to obtain the overall dimensions of the entire existing building, after the dimensions are obtained, the entire existing building is drawn by using the BIM technique, and a virtual three-dimensional model is obtained, in which at least the fire-fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the door leaf at the public position and the window leaf at the public position in the existing building are embodied, because in the existing building, the position and including these mainly can be ventilated, the door leaf or window leaf at the private position are uncontrollable, so that energy-saving design is not required, and in the building, the fire-fighting channel includes stairs, which is one of the main ventilation channel.
S200, generating an airflow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf and the common position window leaf, wherein the heights of two ends of the airflow ascending path are different.
In this step, for the building, the most investment is used in terms of fresh air circulation and indoor temperature control, no matter the high temperature or the low temperature, electric equipment is needed to be used for temperature adjustment, or the electric equipment is used for promoting air directional circulation, so that the energy consumption of the building is improved, if the building has good ventilation effect, the external fresh air can naturally circulate, the cost for changing the temperature and promoting air flow can be greatly reduced, and the path is generated according to the positions of a fire-fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window sash, wherein the hot air climbing path is mainly used, the hot air climbing path is upwards used, the air current climbing path at least needs to ensure that the heights of two ends are different, so that the hot air can climb in the hot air, and the cold air can sink in the air, so that when the hot air ascends along the air current climbing path, negative pressure is caused, and the cold air can be sucked through the negative pressure, so that the flowing channel can be operated without using external force; the air flow ascending path is a continuous channel, and the following is taken as an example, starting from a fire-fighting stair of a first building and going along the fire-fighting stair to a door leaf at a public position of a top building, so that the air flow can climb through the path, thereby forming a group of air flow climbing paths.
And S300, each airflow rising path is visualized in the virtual three-dimensional model, and overlapping areas among the airflow rising paths are marked.
In this step, each airflow-up path is visualized in the virtual three-dimensional model, and the overlapping area between each airflow-up path is marked, because for the existing building, the airflow-up path formed by the structure of the existing building may have a narrow position, so that the fluidity of the airflow is poor, and at this time, the corresponding ventilation equipment is arranged in the narrow area or the public area to assist the airflow to pass through, so that the overall ventilation effect can be improved, and the overlapping area is marked, which means that the auxiliary facilities are arranged at the overlapping area to amplify the effect to the greatest extent.
S400, generating an energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area.
In this step, according to the distribution situation of the overlapping area, corresponding auxiliary ventilation facilities are arranged in the overlapping area, the auxiliary ventilation facilities can be mute fans and the like, greening measures can be arranged near the existing building at the position where the air flow enters the building, the humidity and the temperature of the air entering the building can be controlled, the air purifying purpose can be achieved, and the setting positions of the auxiliary ventilation facilities or the greening measures are energy-saving facility setting schemes. Of course, to the public position door leaf that influences ventilation, for example normally closed fire door, under the condition of guaranteeing compliance, can replace normally open fire door, can improve the ventilation rate through the mode that increases the door leaf area to normally open fire door.
As shown in fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step of creating a virtual three-dimensional model according to the actual external dimensions of the existing building specifically includes:
s101, acquiring comprehensive size information of an existing building, wherein the comprehensive size information at least comprises building main body information and accessory component information.
In this step, the comprehensive information of the existing building is obtained, and the comprehensive dimension information at least comprises building outline information and accessory member information, wherein the building outline information is the outline dimension of the whole building, and the accessory construction is a passage or an entrance which can be used for ventilation after the private site is removed, so that the comprehensive dimension information at least comprises a fire-fighting passage, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf.
S102, building a main body model according to the building main body information.
S103, adding a model of each component in the main body model according to the accessory component information, wherein the components at least comprise a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf.
In the step, the appearance of the building is built according to the appearance information of the building, in popular terms, the shell of the building is built firstly, the interior of the shell is empty, then components such as a fire-fighting channel, a ventilation shaft and the like are added into the empty shell, and after the addition is completed, other departments which are not seen do not influence the ventilation effect.
And S104, filling the area between the main body model and each component to obtain a virtual three-dimensional model.
In this step, the region between the body model and each member is filled, and since the part not seen does not affect the ventilation effect, the region is directly filled without affecting the generation of the path, and on the other hand, the measurement workload of the dimension is reduced, and the unnecessary modeling workload is reduced.
As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step of generating the airflow rising path according to the positions of the fire fighting access, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf and the common position window leaf specifically includes:
s201, starting from a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet, and starting from a fire-fighting channel outlet or a ventilation shaft outlet, generating a global airflow path.
In this step, the overall ventilation path of the whole building is first determined, and the path needs to penetrate through the whole building from bottom to top, so that the overall airflow path is generated by taking the fire-fighting passage inlet or the ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point and taking the fire-fighting passage outlet or the ventilation shaft outlet as an ending point, and because the number of the fire-fighting passages and the ventilation shafts is large, a communication relationship exists between the fire-fighting passages and the ventilation shafts, and therefore, multiple groups of overall airflow paths exist.
S202, taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point, and taking a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf as end points to generate a local airflow path.
In this step, shorter channels are determined, i.e. a plurality of shorter channels exist in the building, these channels are local air flow paths, the local air flow paths start with the fire-fighting channel inlet or the ventilation shaft inlet and end with the common position door leaf and the common position window leaf, so that a plurality of branches can be formed in the building to improve the local ventilation condition.
S203, eliminating the global airflow path and the local airflow path in the downward turning section, wherein the rest global airflow path and the rest local airflow path are airflow rising paths.
In the step, for a part of the paths, downward turning sections exist on the paths, so that the running resistance of the air flow is larger, and therefore, the normally open fireproof door on the paths can be replaced by the normally closed fireproof door under the condition that the normally open fireproof door meets the regulations, so that the corresponding channels are blocked, and the usable air flow ascending paths are obtained after the normally open fireproof door is removed.
As shown in fig. 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step of visualizing each airflow-up path in the virtual three-dimensional model and marking the overlapping area between each airflow-up path specifically includes:
s301, numbering the air flow ascending path according to the length thereof.
In this step, the length of each airflow rising path is calculated first, and then each airflow rising path is numbered according to its length, so as to facilitate the subsequent processing.
S302, the virtual three-dimensional model is visualized according to the serial number sequence.
In this step, each airflow-up path is represented in a virtual three-dimensional model in the order of numbers, and preferably, may be represented by a line.
S303, counting the superposition condition of each region, and distinguishing the superposition regions through marks.
In this step, since a plurality of overlapping positions will appear in the plurality of air flow rising paths, it is preferable to distinguish them by marks, and to use colors, and the more the number of overlapping, the darker the color thereof, and conversely the lighter the color thereof.
As shown in fig. 5, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the specific steps for generating the energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution situation of the overlapping area include:
s401, calculating the number of airflow rising paths related to the overlapping area, and grading the overlapping area according to the number.
In this step, firstly, the number of the airflow rising paths related to the overlapping area is calculated, and the overlapping areas are classified according to the number, specifically, the number of the airflow rising paths related to the five overlapping areas are respectively 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7, the number of the airflow rising paths related to the five overlapping areas is divided into a first stage, the number of the airflow rising paths related to the 4-6 is divided into a second stage, and the number of the airflow rising paths related to the overlapping areas exceeds 6, so that the number of the overlapping areas in the first stage is two, the number of the overlapping areas in the second stage is two, and the number of the overlapping areas in the third stage is one in the building.
And S402, setting corresponding energy-saving facilities in each overlapping area according to the level of the overlapping area, and obtaining an energy-saving facility setting scheme.
In this step, corresponding energy saving facilities are provided in each overlapping region according to the level of the overlapping region, and as will be described below, for example, energy saving facilities provided in this region can serve the most airflow ascending path for the third overlapping region, so that energy saving facilities with higher power can be provided, and conversely, low power energy saving facilities or no energy saving facilities can be provided for the first overlapping region.
As shown in fig. 6, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the building energy saving design method based on BIM further includes:
s501, obtaining illumination information of the place where the existing building is located, wherein the illumination information at least comprises a sunlight irradiation angle in winter and a sunlight irradiation angle in summer.
In the existing building, the arrangement mode of the louver is fixed, and the incident angles of sunlight in winter and summer are different, so that sunlight directly penetrates through the intervals between the louver blades in summer to be injected into the building, and the sunlight cannot be injected into the building due to the change of the incident angle in winter, and the temperature of the building in summer is high and the temperature in winter is lower.
S501, calculating the spacing and the inclination angle of the shutter according to the sunlight irradiation angle in winter and the sunlight irradiation angle in summer, and generating a shutter improvement scheme.
In this step, calculate the interval and the inclination of tripe through the sunshine angle of shining in winter and the sunshine angle of shining in summer to guarantee that the sunlight can't penetrate the interval between the tripe blade and penetrate into the building in summer, and the sunlight can penetrate the interval between the tripe blade and penetrate into the building in winter, thereby under the condition of not throwing into extra fund, improve the building internal environment temperature.
As shown in fig. 7, the building energy-saving design system based on BIM provided by the present application includes:
the virtual model building module 100 is configured to build a virtual three-dimensional model according to an actual external dimension of an existing building, where the virtual three-dimensional model includes at least a fire-fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf, and a public position window leaf in the existing building.
In the system, the virtual model building module 100 collects the external dimensions of the existing building, performs three-dimensional modeling by using the BIM technology, and integrally draws the existing building to obtain a virtual three-dimensional model, wherein at least a fire-fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf in the existing building are embodied in the virtual three-dimensional model.
The airflow path generating module 200 is configured to generate an airflow ascending path according to positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf, and the common position window leaf, where two ends of the airflow ascending path are different in height.
The path analysis module 300 is configured to visualize each airflow-up path in the virtual three-dimensional model, and mark a superposition area between each airflow-up paths.
In the present system, the path analysis module 300 visualizes each airflow rising path in the virtual three-dimensional model, and marks the overlapping area between each airflow rising path, because for the existing building, the airflow rising path formed by its own structure may have a narrow position, so that the fluidity of the airflow is poor, and at this time, the corresponding ventilation device is arranged in the narrow area or the public area to assist the airflow to pass through, so that the overall ventilation effect can be improved, and the overlapping area is marked, which means that the auxiliary facilities are arranged at the position to amplify the effect to the greatest extent.
The scheme generating module 400 is configured to generate an energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution situation of the overlapping area.
In the system, the scheme generating module 400 sets corresponding auxiliary ventilation facilities in the overlapping area according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area, the auxiliary ventilation facilities can be silent fans and the like, greening measures can be set near the existing building at the position where air flows enter the building, the humidity and the temperature of air entering the building can be controlled, the air purifying purpose can be achieved, and the setting positions of the auxiliary ventilation facilities or the greening measures are energy-saving facility setting schemes.
As shown in fig. 8, a virtual model building module provided by the present application includes:
an information acquisition unit 101 for acquiring comprehensive size information of an existing building, the comprehensive size information including at least building body information and accessory member information.
In the present module, the information acquisition unit 101 acquires the integrated information of the existing building, the integrated size information including at least the building exterior information, which is the exterior size of the entire building, and the accessory member information.
And a body model modeling unit 102 for building a body model according to the building body information.
An accessory modeling unit 103 for adding a model of each member including at least a fire passage, a ventilation shaft, a common position door leaf, and a common position window leaf in the body model according to accessory member information.
In this module, the main body model modeling unit 102 establishes the appearance of the building according to the appearance information of the building, in general, firstly establishes the outer shell of the building, the interior of the outer shell is empty, the accessory modeling unit 103 adds components such as a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft and the like in the empty shell, and after the addition is completed, other non-visible departments do not influence the ventilation effect.
The model filling unit 104 is configured to fill a region between the main body model and each member, and obtain a virtual three-dimensional model.
In the present module, the model filling unit 104 fills the region between the main body model and each member, and since the part not seen does not affect the ventilation effect, it directly fills it, does not affect the generation of the path, and on the other hand, reduces the measurement workload of the dimension and also reduces the unnecessary modeling workload.
As shown in fig. 9, an airflow path generating module provided by the present application includes:
the global path generating unit 201 is configured to generate a global airflow path with a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a start point and a fire-fighting channel outlet or a ventilation shaft outlet as an end point.
In this module, the global path generating unit 201 determines the global ventilation path of the entire building, which needs to run through the entire building from bottom to top, so that the global airflow path is generated with the fire-fighting access or the ventilation shaft access as the starting point and the fire-fighting access or the ventilation shaft access as the ending point, and because the number of fire-fighting access and ventilation shaft are relatively large, there are multiple groups of global airflow paths.
The local path generating unit 202 is configured to generate a local airflow path with a fire-fighting access or a ventilation shaft access as a start point and with a common position door leaf and a common position window leaf as an end point.
In this module, the local path generating unit 202 determines shorter paths, that is, a plurality of shorter paths exist in the building, which are local airflow paths starting from the fire-fighting access or the ventilation shaft access and ending with the common position door leaf and the common position window leaf, so that a plurality of branches can be formed in the building to improve local ventilation.
The available path generating unit 203 eliminates the global airflow path and the local airflow path with the downward turning section, and the remaining global airflow path and local airflow path are airflow rising paths.
In the present module, for a part of the paths, there is a downward turning section on the path, so that the air flow has a large running resistance therein, and therefore, the normally open fire door located on the path can be replaced with the normally closed fire door under the condition of meeting the regulations, so that the corresponding channel is blocked, and the available air flow rising path is obtained after the available path generating unit 203 rejects the fire door.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments of the present application are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in various embodiments may include multiple sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, nor do the order in which the sub-steps or stages are performed necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps or other steps.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (8)
1. A building energy conservation design method based on BIM, the method comprising:
establishing a virtual three-dimensional model according to the actual external dimension of the existing building, wherein the virtual three-dimensional model at least comprises a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf in the existing building;
generating an airflow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf and the common position door leaf, wherein the heights of two ends of the airflow ascending path are different;
the ascending paths of the air currents are visualized in the virtual three-dimensional model, and overlapping areas among the ascending paths of the air currents are marked;
generating an energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area;
the step of generating an airflow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf and the common position window leaf specifically comprises the following steps:
generating a global airflow path by taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point and taking a fire-fighting channel outlet or a ventilation shaft outlet as an ending point;
taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point, and taking a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf as end points to generate a local airflow path;
removing a global airflow path and a local airflow path which are in a downward turning section, wherein the rest global airflow path and the rest local airflow path are airflow rising paths;
the specific step of generating the energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area comprises the following steps:
calculating the number of airflow rising paths related to the overlapping area, and grading the overlapping area according to the number;
and setting corresponding energy-saving facilities in each overlapping area according to the grade of the overlapping area to obtain an energy-saving facility setting scheme.
2. The building energy saving design method based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein the step of creating the virtual three-dimensional model according to the actual external dimensions of the existing building specifically includes:
acquiring comprehensive size information of an existing building, wherein the comprehensive size information at least comprises building main body information and accessory component information;
building a main body model according to the main body information of the building;
adding a model of each component in the main body model according to the accessory component information, wherein the components at least comprise a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf;
and filling the area between the main body model and each component to obtain a virtual three-dimensional model.
3. The building energy saving design method based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein the step of visualizing each airflow-up path in the virtual three-dimensional model and marking the overlapping area between each airflow-up path specifically includes:
numbering the airflow ascending path according to the length of the airflow ascending path;
the virtual three-dimensional model is visualized according to the numbering sequence;
and counting the superposition condition of each region, and distinguishing the superposition regions through marks.
4. The BIM-based building energy conservation design method of claim 1, wherein the BIM-based building energy conservation design method further comprises:
acquiring illumination information of a place where an existing building is located, wherein the illumination information at least comprises a sunlight irradiation angle in winter and a sunlight irradiation angle in summer;
and calculating the spacing and the inclination angle of the shutter according to the sunlight irradiation angle in winter and the sunlight irradiation angle in summer to generate a shutter improvement scheme.
5. A building energy saving design method based on BIM according to claim 3, wherein in the step of distinguishing the overlapping areas by the marks, the marks are color marks or symbol marks.
6. A building energy conservation design system based on BIM, the building energy conservation design system based on BIM comprising:
the virtual model building module is used for building a virtual three-dimensional model according to the actual external dimension of the existing building, and the virtual three-dimensional model at least comprises a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf in the existing building;
the air flow path generation module is used for generating an air flow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the public position door leaf and the public position door leaf, and the heights of the two ends of the air flow ascending path are different;
the path analysis module is used for visualizing each airflow rising path in the virtual three-dimensional model and marking the superposition area among the airflow rising paths;
the scheme generating module is used for generating an energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area.
7. The BIM-based building energy conservation design system of claim 6, wherein the virtual model building module comprises:
an information acquisition unit for acquiring comprehensive size information of an existing building, the comprehensive size information including at least building body information and accessory member information;
the main body model modeling unit is used for building a main body model according to the building main body information;
an accessory modeling unit for adding a model of each member in the main body model according to accessory member information, the members including at least a fire fighting channel, a ventilation shaft, a common position door leaf, and a common position window leaf;
and the model filling unit is used for filling the area between the main body model and each component to obtain a virtual three-dimensional model.
8. The BIM-based building energy conservation design system of claim 6, wherein the airflow path generation module comprises:
the global path generating unit is used for generating a global airflow path by taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point and taking a fire-fighting channel outlet or a ventilation shaft outlet as an ending point;
the local path generating unit is used for generating a local airflow path by taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point and taking a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf as end points;
the available path generating unit is used for eliminating the global airflow path and the local airflow path which exist in the downward turning section, and the rest global airflow path and the rest local airflow path are airflow rising paths;
the step of generating an airflow ascending path according to the positions of the fire fighting channel, the ventilation shaft, the common position door leaf and the common position window leaf specifically comprises the following steps:
generating a global airflow path by taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point and taking a fire-fighting channel outlet or a ventilation shaft outlet as an ending point;
taking a fire-fighting channel inlet or a ventilation shaft inlet as a starting point, and taking a public position door leaf and a public position window leaf as end points to generate a local airflow path;
removing a global airflow path and a local airflow path which are in a downward turning section, wherein the rest global airflow path and the rest local airflow path are airflow rising paths;
the specific step of generating the energy-saving facility setting scheme according to the distribution condition of the overlapping area comprises the following steps:
calculating the number of airflow rising paths related to the overlapping area, and grading the overlapping area according to the number;
and setting corresponding energy-saving facilities in each overlapping area according to the grade of the overlapping area to obtain an energy-saving facility setting scheme.
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