CN113203645B - Ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system and method based on nonlinear laser ultrasound - Google Patents
Ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system and method based on nonlinear laser ultrasound Download PDFInfo
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- CN113203645B CN113203645B CN202110516877.6A CN202110516877A CN113203645B CN 113203645 B CN113203645 B CN 113203645B CN 202110516877 A CN202110516877 A CN 202110516877A CN 113203645 B CN113203645 B CN 113203645B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009674 high cycle fatigue testing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/12—Analysing solids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0055—Generation of the force using mechanical waves, e.g. acoustic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
Abstract
The application discloses ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system and method based on nonlinear laser ultrasound, relates to the technical field of metal material mechanical property test, and aims to solve the problem that the conventional strain gauge cannot detect fatigue damage in a sample. The application provides a super high cycle fatigue damage detecting system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound, including super high cycle fatigue testing machine, super high cycle fatigue testing machine includes control system, the casing, and install the loading system in the casing, install the sample on the loading system, control system control loading system carries out fatigue test to the sample, laser emitter transmits laser pulse to the sample to excite the ultrasonic wave in the sample, collection module in the laser ultrasonic receiver is used for gathering ultrasonic wave signal and converts it into the electrical signal, data processing module can become frequency information oscillogram or amplitude information oscillogram with the electrical signal.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal material mechanical property testing, in particular to an ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system and method based on nonlinear laser ultrasound.
Background
It is well known that the fatigue properties of a material are key indicators that determine whether the material can be serviced. When the cyclic load is 10 times 7 To 10 10 When the range is within the range, the test piece is subjected to fatigue fracture, which is called ultra-high cycle fatigue.
With the development of industrial technology, aircraft, automobiles, high-speed trains and the like require that the fatigue life of certain parts reach 10 8 Cycle timesUp to even 10 10 And (5) carrying out cycle times. The U.S. air force "outline of engine structural integrity ENSIP (Engine Structural Integrity Program)" has increased regulations specifying that "the high cycle fatigue life of engine components should be at least 10 9 Weekly times). And Japanese students in the 80 s of the last century found that the metal material was in 10 7 After Zhou Cizhi, fatigue damage still can occur, so that the ultra-high cycle fatigue performance directly affects the safety and reliability of long-term service of important engineering equipment such as aerospace vehicles, automobiles, ocean platforms, rail transit and the like. The research of ultra-high cycle range fatigue behavior is attracting more attention, and ultra-high cycle fatigue research has become a new hot spot problem in the field of engineering material research, and has been widely carried out worldwide in recent decades.
Ultrasonic fatigue technology is an important experimental technology, which utilizes high-energy ultrasonic vibration of 20kHz to cause resonance of a sample, and establishes an alternating stress field in the sample, so that the fatigue behavior of materials is studied for a long time. Ultrasonic fatigue saves a great deal of test time and cost, and becomes one of important fatigue test means. Compared with the traditional servo hydraulic pressure, electromagnetic resonance and rotary bending test technology, the fatigue test of the metal material in the ultra-high frequency range (for example, the frequency range above 20 kHz) can obtain completely different fatigue strength and failure mechanism.
However, the typical characteristic of ultra-high cycle fatigue is internal failure, and fatigue cracks often originate at defects in the test piece, so that the detection of fatigue damage becomes a difficult point, and conventional strain gauge methods cannot be used.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system and method to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system and method based on nonlinear laser ultrasound are used for solving the problem that the inside of a sample cannot be detected by a traditional strain gauge to generate fatigue damage.
To achieve the above objective, in one aspect, the present application provides a ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound, including an ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine, the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine includes a control system, a housing, and a loading system installed in the housing, a sample is installed on the loading system, the control system controls the loading system carries out fatigue test on the sample, the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system of nonlinear laser ultrasound further includes a nonlinear laser ultrasound system, including a laser transmitter, a laser ultrasound receiver, and a data processing module, the laser transmitter and the laser ultrasound receiver are all electrically connected with the data processing module, the laser transmitter transmits laser pulses to the sample to excite ultrasonic waves in the sample, an acquisition module in the laser ultrasound receiver is used for acquiring ultrasonic signals and converting them into electrical signals, and the data processing module can convert the electrical signals into frequency information waveform diagrams or amplitude information waveform diagrams.
In some embodiments of the present application, the loading system comprises an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, and a displacement amplifier coaxially disposed, the displacement amplifier being fixedly connected to the upper end of the sample.
In some embodiments of the present application, the displacement amplifier is provided with a threaded portion, and the upper end of the sample is provided with a threaded section, and the threaded section is in threaded connection with the threaded portion.
In some embodiments of the present application, a cooling system is also included for cooling the sample.
In some embodiments of the present application, the cooling system comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank is connected to an air outlet of the air compressor, an air dryer is connected to an air outlet of the air storage tank, and a cooling nozzle is connected to an air outlet of the air dryer, and is mounted on the housing and is disposed opposite to the sample.
In some embodiments of the present application, the laser transmitter is disposed corresponding to an upper end of the specimen, and the laser ultrasonic receiver is disposed corresponding to a lower end of the specimen.
On the other hand, the application also provides a detection method applied to the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound, which comprises the following steps: s1: preparing a sample, and connecting the sample with a displacement amplifier, wherein the test frequency of the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine is 20 kHz+/-500 Hz; s2: arranging a laser transmitter and the upper end of the sample oppositely, and arranging a laser ultrasonic receiver and the lower end of the sample oppositely; s3: the laser transmitter and the laser ultrasonic receiver are electrically connected with a data processing module; s4: connecting a cooling system with the ultrasonic fatigue testing machine; s5: and controlling the fatigue testing machine, the cooling system and the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system to be opened, and acquiring ultrasonic information acquired by the laser ultrasonic receiver by the data processing module and processing the ultrasonic information to obtain a corresponding frequency information oscillogram or amplitude information oscillogram.
The ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine in the application controls the loading system to perform fatigue test on the sample through the control system. Then, a laser transmitter in the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system transmits laser pulses to the sample so as to excite ultrasonic waves in the sample, the laser ultrasonic receiver can convert ultrasonic signals into electric signals when receiving the ultrasonic signals, the data processing module can acquire the electric signals in the laser ultrasonic receiver and convert the electric signals into frequency information waveform diagrams or amplitude information waveform diagrams, and a person skilled in the art can correspondingly analyze the frequency information waveform diagrams or the amplitude information waveform diagrams so as to know the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage condition of the sample.
Furthermore, the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system has the characteristics of non-contact, high sensitivity, wide frequency and the like, is suitable for dynamic deformation on-line measurement, and is convenient for the real-time acquisition and processing of high-frequency vibration signals; the influence on the mechanical property of the structure is small, and the structure has good compatibility; meanwhile, the anti-interference agent has extremely strong anti-interference capability and has very high stability on humidity, temperature and chemical substances.
Compared with the prior art, the method converts the micron-level vibration into the electric signal through the high sensitivity of the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system, converts the ultrasonic signal into the frequency information waveform chart or the amplitude information waveform chart through the acquisition module and the data processing module, performs frequency domain analysis on the frequency information waveform chart or the amplitude information waveform chart, performs fatigue damage state characterization based on an analysis result, detects the whole fatigue damage process based on the nonlinear ultrasonic signal, and knows the internal fatigue damage condition of the sample to be detected through the ultrasonic signal, thereby solving the problem that the conventional strain gauge cannot detect the fatigue damage in the sample to be detected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nonlinear laser ultrasonic ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample in the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a detection method of the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system of nonlinear laser ultrasound in the present application;
fig. 4 is a graph of the original time domain signal when the sample is loaded with cycle n=0 in the present application;
fig. 5 is a sample loading cycle n=1x10 in the present application 7 Time domain signal diagram.
The main reference numerals in the drawings of the present specification are explained as follows:
100-an ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine; 101-a control system; 102-a housing; 103-loading the system; 1031-an ultrasonic generator; 1032-an ultrasonic transducer; 1033-a displacement amplifier; 104-a cooling system; 1041-an air compressor; 1042-gas storage tank; 1043-an air dryer; 200-a nonlinear laser ultrasound system; 201-a laser emitter; 202-a laser ultrasonic receiver; 203 a data processing module; 300-sample; 301-thread segments; 400-frame.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the application provides a ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound, which comprises an ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine 100, the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine 100 comprises a control system 101, a shell 102 and a loading system 103 installed in the shell 102, a sample 300 is installed on the loading system 103, the control system 101 controls the loading system 103 to perform fatigue testing on the sample 300, the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound further comprises a nonlinear laser ultrasound system 200, the nonlinear laser ultrasound system 200 comprises a laser transmitter 201, a laser ultrasound receiver 202 and a data processing module 203, the laser transmitter 201 and the laser ultrasound receiver 202 are electrically connected with the data processing module 203, the laser transmitter 201 transmits laser pulses to the sample 300 so as to excite ultrasonic waves in the sample 300, an acquisition module in the laser ultrasound receiver 202 is used for acquiring ultrasonic signals and converting the ultrasonic signals into electric signals, and the data processing module 203 can convert the electric signals into frequency information waveform diagrams or amplitude information waveform diagrams.
In some embodiments of the present application, the loading system 103 includes an ultrasonic generator 1031, an ultrasonic transducer 1032, and a displacement amplifier 1033 coaxially disposed, where the displacement amplifier 1033 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sample 300, and the ultrasonic transducer 1032 is capable of converting an electrical signal generated by ultrasonic waves into mechanical vibration, and amplifying the mechanical vibration by the displacement amplifier 1033, and driving the sample 300 to vibrate to achieve ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection of the sample 300.
Of course, the loading system 103 may further include an ultrasonic generator 1031, an ultrasonic transducer 1032, and a horn coaxially disposed, and the horn is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sample 300.
In some embodiments of the present application, the displacement amplifier 1033 is provided with a threaded portion, the upper end of the sample 300 is provided with a threaded section 301, and the threaded section 301 is in threaded connection with the threaded portion, so that the fixed connection between the position amplifier and the sample 300 is simpler and more convenient.
Or, a clamping part is arranged on the displacement amplifier 1033, a clamping section is arranged at the upper end of the sample 300, and the clamping part clamps the sample 300 through the clamping section so as to realize the fixed connection between the sample 300 and the displacement amplifier 1033.
In some embodiments of the present application, the apparatus further includes a cooling system 104, where the cooling system 104 is configured to cool the sample 300, so as to avoid heating of the sample 300 under a vibration condition, and further affect the detection accuracy of the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection of the sample 300.
In some embodiments of the present application, the cooling system 104 includes an air compressor 1041, an air outlet of the air compressor 1041 is connected to an air storage tank 1042, an air outlet of the air storage tank 1042 is connected to an air dryer 1043, and an air outlet of the air dryer 1043 is connected to a cooling nozzle, and the cooling nozzle is mounted on the housing 102 and is disposed opposite to the sample 300, so that the cooling effect of the sample 300 is relatively good.
In some embodiments of the present application, the laser transmitter 201 is disposed corresponding to the upper end of the sample 300, and the laser ultrasonic receiver 202 is disposed corresponding to the lower end of the sample 300, so as to improve the detection accuracy of ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection of the sample 300.
Of course, the laser transmitter 201 may be disposed corresponding to the lower end of the sample 300, and the laser ultrasonic receiver 202 may be disposed corresponding to the upper end of the sample 300, so that the distance between the laser transmitter 201 and the laser ultrasonic receiver 202 in the vertical direction is as large as possible.
In some embodiments of the present application, the test rack 400 is further included, and the housing 102 is mounted on the test rack 400, so that the position of the housing 102 is raised, which is convenient for an experimenter to operate.
It should be noted that: an opening is formed in at least one side wall of the housing 102, a door is disposed at the opening, the laser transmitter 201 and the laser ultrasonic receiver 202 are disposed opposite to the opening, and when testing, the door is opened, so that the laser pulse of the laser transmitter 201 is directly emitted onto the sample 300, and then the collecting module in the laser ultrasonic receiver 202 collects the ultrasonic wave excited inside the sample 300.
Referring to fig. 3, the application further provides a detection method applied to the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound, which comprises the following steps: s1: preparing a sample, and connecting the sample with a displacement amplifier, wherein the test frequency of the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine is 20 kHz+/-500 Hz; s2: arranging a laser transmitter and the upper end of the sample oppositely, and arranging a laser ultrasonic receiver and the lower end of the sample oppositely; s3: the laser transmitter and the laser ultrasonic receiver are electrically connected with a data processing module; s4: connecting a cooling system with the ultrasonic fatigue testing machine; s5: and controlling the fatigue testing machine, the cooling system and the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system to be opened, and acquiring ultrasonic information acquired by the laser ultrasonic receiver by the data processing module and processing the ultrasonic information to obtain a corresponding frequency information oscillogram or amplitude information oscillogram.
The order of the steps S2, S3 and S4 may be interchanged.
In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy and the safety of the test, the detection method applied to the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound provided by the application further comprises the following steps after the step S4: step S41: checking whether the installation of the sample to be tested, the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system and the cooling system is accurate or not; if the installation of the sample to be tested, the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system and the cooling system is accurate, the step S5 is carried out; if the test sample, the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system and the cooling system are installed wrongly, reinstalling and checking the wrongly parts or systems.
The ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine in the application controls the loading system to perform fatigue test on the sample through the control system. Then, a laser transmitter in the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system transmits laser pulses to the sample so as to excite ultrasonic waves in the sample, the laser ultrasonic receiver can convert ultrasonic signals into electric signals when receiving the ultrasonic signals, the data processing module can acquire the electric signals in the laser ultrasonic receiver and convert the electric signals into frequency information waveform diagrams or amplitude information waveform diagrams, and a person skilled in the art can correspondingly analyze the frequency information waveform diagrams or the amplitude information waveform diagrams so as to know the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage condition of the sample.
Furthermore, as the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system 200 has the characteristics of non-contact, high sensitivity, wide frequency and the like, the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system is suitable for dynamic deformation on-line measurement, and is convenient for the real-time acquisition and processing of high-frequency vibration signals; the influence on the mechanical property of the structure is small, and the structure has good compatibility; meanwhile, the anti-interference agent has extremely strong anti-interference capability and has very high stability on humidity, temperature and chemical substances.
Compared with the prior art, the method converts the vibration of the micron level into the electric signal through the high sensitivity of the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system 200, converts the ultrasonic signal into the frequency information waveform chart or the amplitude information waveform chart through the acquisition module and the data processing module 203, performs frequency domain analysis on the frequency information waveform chart and the amplitude information waveform chart, performs fatigue damage state characterization based on the analysis result, detects the whole fatigue damage process based on the nonlinear ultrasonic signal, and knows the internal fatigue damage condition of the sample 300 to be detected through the ultrasonic signal, thereby solving the problem that the conventional strain gauge cannot detect the fatigue damage in the sample 300 to be detected.
The ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine 100 in the application adopts an ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine with the commercial model USF-2000, the end face amplitude of the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine is +/-10 mu m to +/-50 mu m, the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine comprises a control system 101, a shell 102 and a loading system 103 arranged in the shell 102, the measuring frequency is 20KHz +/-500 Hz, and the stress ratio is-1. The laser transmitter 201 in the present application is a laser transmitter with a commercial model Dawa-200, and the laser ultrasonic receiver 202 in the present application is a TEMPO laser ultrasonic receiver. The ultrasonic fatigue testing machine carries out fatigue test by resonating a sample 300 through ultrasonic waves, the sample 300 is in threaded connection with displacement, the laser transmitter 201, the laser ultrasonic receiver 202 and the sample 300 are measured in a non-contact mode, and an acquisition module in the laser ultrasonic receiver 202 is used for acquiring the ultrasonic waves and transmitting the ultrasonic waves to the data processing module 203 through a data line.
The data processing module 203 is a functional module in a computer.
Illustratively, the dimensional parameters of the test sample 300 are l1=40 mm, l2=9mm, d1=10 mm, d2=3 mm. The ultrasonic fatigue testing machine is started, the stress amplitude of the ultrasonic fatigue testing machine is 80MPa, the sample 300 starts to vibrate, and at the moment, the data processing module 203 directly outputs corresponding voltage values output when the sample 300 vibrates, so as to obtain corresponding waveform diagrams, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
Fig. 4 shows the original time domain signal when the loading cycle n=0, fig. 5 shows the loading cycle n=1x10 7 The time domain signal of the time is obtained by carrying out graphic analysis on the waveform diagram, and the loading cycle N=1x10 7 The corresponding voltage value output when the sample 300 vibrates is greater than the corresponding voltage value output when the sample 300 vibrates when the load cycle n=0, and the magnitude of the voltage value indicates the magnitude of the amplitude, so that it can be known that the amplitude increases, and the fatigue damage phenomenon occurs in the sample 300.
In the description of the present specification, a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a super high cycle fatigue damage detecting system based on nonlinear laser supersound, includes super high cycle fatigue testing machine, super high cycle fatigue testing machine includes control system, casing, and installs loading system in the casing, install the sample on the loading system, control system control loading system is right the sample carries out fatigue test, its characterized in that still includes:
the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system comprises a laser transmitter, a laser ultrasonic receiver and a data processing module, wherein the laser transmitter and the laser ultrasonic receiver are electrically connected with the data processing module, the laser transmitter transmits laser pulses to the sample so as to excite ultrasonic waves in the sample, an acquisition module in the laser ultrasonic receiver is used for acquiring ultrasonic signals and converting the ultrasonic signals into electric signals, the data processing module can convert the electric signals into a frequency information waveform chart or an amplitude information waveform chart, the frequency information waveform chart or the amplitude information waveform chart is subjected to frequency domain analysis, and fatigue damage state characterization is performed based on analysis results;
the loading system comprises an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer and a displacement amplifier which are coaxially arranged, and the displacement amplifier is fixedly connected with the upper end of the sample;
the ultrasonic transducer can convert an electric signal generated by ultrasonic waves into mechanical vibration, and then the mechanical vibration is amplified by the displacement amplifier and drives the sample to vibrate so as to realize ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection of the sample;
the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system detects the whole fatigue damage process based on nonlinear ultrasonic signals, and the internal fatigue damage condition of the sample to be detected is known through the ultrasonic signals;
the laser transmitter is arranged corresponding to the upper end of the sample, and the laser ultrasonic receiver is arranged corresponding to the lower end of the sample.
2. The ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound according to claim 1, wherein a threaded portion is arranged on the displacement amplifier, a threaded section is arranged at the upper end of the sample, and the threaded section is in threaded connection with the threaded portion.
3. The ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound according to any one of claims 1-2, further comprising a cooling system for cooling the sample.
4. The ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound according to claim 3, wherein the cooling system comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank is connected to an air outlet of the air compressor, an air dryer is connected to an air outlet of the air storage tank, and a cooling nozzle is connected to an air outlet of the air dryer, and is mounted on the housing and is disposed opposite to the sample.
5. A detection method applied to the ultra-high cycle fatigue damage detection system based on nonlinear laser ultrasound as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preparing a sample, and connecting the sample with a displacement amplifier, wherein the test frequency of the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine is 20 kHz+/-500 Hz;
s2: arranging a laser transmitter and the upper end of the sample oppositely, and arranging a laser ultrasonic receiver and the lower end of the sample oppositely;
s3: the laser transmitter and the laser ultrasonic receiver are electrically connected with a data processing module;
s4: connecting a cooling system with the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine;
s5: and controlling the ultra-high cycle fatigue testing machine, the cooling system and the nonlinear laser ultrasonic system to be opened, and acquiring ultrasonic information acquired by the laser ultrasonic receiver by the data processing module and processing the ultrasonic information to obtain a corresponding frequency information oscillogram or amplitude information oscillogram.
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