CN113202605B - Method for calculating ammonia leakage amount of SCR (Selective catalytic reduction) aftertreatment system - Google Patents
Method for calculating ammonia leakage amount of SCR (Selective catalytic reduction) aftertreatment system Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Abstract
An ammonia leakage amount calculation method for an SCR aftertreatment system comprises the following steps: s1, obtaining a relational expression between the current downstream NOx sensor measurement value and the ammonia leakage amount; s2, obtaining a relational expression between the measured value of the NOx sensor at the front and the rear of 1S and the ammonia leakage amount; s3, calculating the current ammonia leakage amount; processing the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount through low-pass filtering; correcting the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount according to the variation trend of the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount and the actual value of the ammonia leakage amount; when the NOx conversion efficiency obtained by the upstream NOx sensor measurement value and the downstream NOx sensor measurement value is larger than a threshold value, the calculated ammonia leak amount is set to 0. The design not only improves the precision of SCR closed-loop control, but also has high calculation accuracy of ammonia leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of SCR post-treatment, in particular to a method for calculating ammonia leakage of an SCR post-treatment system, which is mainly suitable for improving the precision of SCR closed-loop control.
Background
The diesel engine is used as a power machine, makes outstanding contribution to the development of society, and causes environmental pollution. Along with the gradual upgrade of the automobile emission standard in China, the automobile emission regulation is more severe after entering the six-emission stage in China, the emission technical requirement on a diesel engine is higher and higher, the emission standard reaching is realized by simply depending on the improvement of an engine technology, and an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) aftertreatment system is introduced under the condition (as shown in figure 2). The basic working principle of the SCR aftertreatment system is as follows: the exhaust gas flows out of the turbine of the supercharger and enters the exhaust pipe, a urea injection unit arranged on the exhaust pipe injects a certain amount of urea aqueous solution into the exhaust pipe in a fog-like form, urea liquid drops are subjected to hydrolysis and pyrolysis reaction under the action of high-temperature exhaust gas, and a required reducing agent ammonia NH is generated3Ammonia gas NH3The main harmful component nitrogen oxide NOx in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is selectively reduced into nitrogen N under the action of a catalyst2Thereby achieving the purpose of reducing harmful component nitrogen oxide NOx in the tail gas of the diesel engine.
However, excessive urea injection amount can cause the problems of ammonia leakage exceeding standard, urea waste, exhaust pipe crystallization and the like; and an excessively small urea injection amount may cause the excessive nitrogen oxides. To ensure that the proper urea injection amount is obtained, the SCR system controls the urea injection amount by adopting a set SCR efficiency value and a closed-loop system, wherein the closed-loop system calculates the actual efficiency through sensor values at the upstream and downstream of the SCR system, but the sensors cannot distinguish NOx and NH3Quantity, its computational efficiency will be greater than the actual efficiency; meanwhile, when the actual ammonia leakage is too large, the SCR post-treatment systemThe system is unrecognizable, which results in ammonia slip continuing to exceed standards and urea solution being wasted. Therefore, we need to know the actual ammonia slip in the SCR aftertreatment system. Unpaired NH in the prior art3The leakage amount is calculated, the SCR efficiency is calculated only through the values measured by the front NOx sensor and the rear NOx sensor, and the urea injection amount is not accurately controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect and the problem of low precision of SCR closed-loop control in the prior art, and provides an ammonia leakage amount calculation method of an SCR post-treatment system for improving the precision of SCR closed-loop control.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows: an ammonia leakage amount calculation method for an SCR aftertreatment system comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a relational expression of the current downstream NOx sensor measurement value and the ammonia leakage amount, wherein the relational expression is as follows:
NOX_out＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)+NH3
in the above formula, NOXOut is the current downstream NOx sensor measurement, NOX"only" is the upstream NOx sensor measurement before time t, K is the deviation ratio of actual NOx conversion efficiency to η, η is the NOx conversion efficiency set by the SCR aftertreatment system, NH3The ammonia leakage rate;
s2, obtaining a relation between the measured value of the NOx sensor before 1S and the measured value of the NOx sensor after 1S and the ammonia leakage amount, wherein the relation is as follows:
NOX_out′＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)+NH3
in the above formula, NOXOut' is the downstream NOx sensor measurement before 1s, NOX-only 'is the (t +1) s pre-upstream NOx sensor measurement, η' is the NOx conversion efficiency set by the 1s pre-SCR aftertreatment system;
s3, calculating the current ammonia leakage amount according to the following calculation formula:
in step S1, the downstream NOx sensor measurement consists of the amount of nitrogen oxides and the amount of ammonia slip, as shown in the following equation:
NOX_out＝NOX+NH3
the nitrogen oxide amount is obtained by the following formula:
NOX＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)
in the above formula, NOXIs the amount of nitrogen oxides.
In step S1, t is the time required for the gas to flow from the upstream NOx sensor location to the downstream NOx sensor location.
In step S3, the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount is processed by low-pass filtering.
In step S3, the calculated value of the ammonia leak amount is corrected based on the tendency of change in the calculated value of the ammonia leak amount and the actual value of the ammonia leak amount.
In step S3, when the NOx conversion efficiency eta obtained by the upstream NOx sensor measurement value and the downstream NOx sensor measurement valuekWhen the value is larger than the threshold value, setting the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount as 0;
efficiency eta of NOx conversionkThe calculation formula of (c) is:
ηk＝1-|(NOX_indly-NOX_out)|/NOX_indly。
the threshold is 0.85.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method for calculating the ammonia leakage amount of the SCR post-treatment system, the ammonia leakage amount generated by the SCR post-treatment system is calculated through the upstream NOx sensor, the downstream NOx sensor and the calibrated SCR hardware conversion efficiency, the accuracy of ammonia leakage amount calculation is guaranteed based on the upstream NOx sensor and the downstream NOx sensor, SCR closed-loop control is more accurate, the urea injection amount is accurately controlled, the emission of nitrogen oxides and ammonia leakage of an engine is achieved, the consumption of a urea solution can be effectively reduced, and the crystallization amount of urea in an exhaust pipe is reduced. Therefore, the accuracy of SCR closed-loop control is improved.
2. In the method for calculating the ammonia leakage amount of the SCR post-treatment system, the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount is processed through low-pass filtering so as to prevent the calculated value from being fluctuated seriously; correcting the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount according to the variation trend of the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount and the actual value of the ammonia leakage amount; when the NOx conversion efficiency obtained through the upstream NOx sensor measurement value and the downstream NOx sensor measurement value is larger than the threshold value, the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount is set to be 0, and the design enables the theoretical calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount to be consistent with the actual value. Therefore, the invention has high calculation accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of calculating ammonia slip for an SCR aftertreatment system according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an SCR aftertreatment system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for calculating an ammonia slip amount of an SCR aftertreatment system includes:
s1, obtaining a relational expression of the current downstream NOx sensor measurement value and the ammonia leakage amount, wherein the relational expression is as follows:
NOX_out＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)+NH3
in the above formula, NOXOut is the current downstream NOx sensor measurement, NOX- "index" is the upstream NOx sensor measurement before time t, K is the deviation ratio of the actual NOx conversion efficiency to η, η is the NOx conversion efficiency set by the SCR aftertreatment system, NH3The leakage amount of ammonia;
s2, obtaining a relation between the measured value of the NOx sensor before 1S and the measured value of the NOx sensor after 1S and the ammonia leakage amount, wherein the relation is as follows:
NOX_out′＝NOX_indly′×(1-K×η′)+NH3
in the above formula, NOXOut' is the NOx sensor measurement upstream and downstream of 1s, NOX_ lndly 'is the (t +1) s pre-upstream NOx sensor measurement, and η' is the NOx conversion efficiency set by the pre-1 s SCR aftertreatment system;
s3, calculating the current ammonia leakage amount, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in step S1, the downstream NOx sensor measurement consists of the amount of nitrogen oxides and the amount of ammonia slip, as shown in the following equation:
NOX_out＝NOX+NH3
the nitrogen oxide amount is obtained by the following formula:
NOX＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)
in the above formula, NOXIs the amount of nitrogen oxides.
In step S1, t is the time required for the gas to flow from the upstream NOx sensor location to the downstream NOx sensor location.
In step S3, the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount is processed by low-pass filtering.
In step S3, the calculated value of the ammonia slip amount is corrected based on the tendency of the change in the calculated value of the ammonia slip amount and the actual value of the ammonia slip amount.
In step S3, when the NOx conversion efficiency eta obtained by the upstream NOx sensor measurement value and the downstream NOx sensor measurement valuekWhen the value is larger than the threshold value, setting the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount as 0;
efficiency eta of NOx conversionkThe calculation formula of (c) is:
ηk＝1-|(NOX_indly-NOX_out)|/N0X_indly。
the threshold is 0.85.
The principle of the invention is illustrated as follows:
according to the design, the ammonia leakage amount is calculated through the upstream and downstream NOx sensor values and the NOx conversion efficiency set by the SCR post-treatment system, so that the closed-loop control calculation of the SCR post-treatment system is more accurate, the urea injection amount is more appropriate, and the purpose of controlling emission is achieved. The ammonia leakage amount calculated by the design can be calculated from the downstream NOXThe sensor is separated out, and the sensor is separated out,the calculated actual efficiency is more accurate, and whether the SCR aftertreatment system is excessively injected or not can be judged through the calculated value.
Since it takes t seconds for the gas to move from the upstream NOx sensor position to the downstream NOx sensor position, the equation NOX＝NOXThe actual calculated NOx value of _inx (1-K x η) is after t seconds, and the calculation of the current NOx value requires the NOx value measured by the upstream sensor t seconds before, that is, NOx_indly。
Since the SCR aftertreatment system is a relatively stable system, the ammonia slip is stable over 1s, which can be considered constant, and the efficiency deviation K is also constant (hardware does not change over 1 s).
The calculated ammonia leakage is only the result of theoretical calculation under an ideal state, and the following conditions can cause the deviation between the theoretical calculation and the actual condition in practical application, such as: the measurement accuracy problems of the upstream and downstream NOx sensors can cause the difference between the measured value and the actual nitrogen oxide; the downstream NOx sensor measurement is affected by the current actual ammonia slip magnitude, i.e., when the actual ammonia slip is too great, it will cause the formula NOX_out＝NOX+NH3Is not established; because the prior six SCR systems are all provided with an ASC (ammonia slip catalyst) system, part of ammonia slip can be treated by the ASC, and the calculated ammonia slip is inconsistent with the actual ammonia slip; under a stable working condition, the denominator of the ammonia leakage calculation formula is 0, so that the calculated ammonia leakage is large and is not in accordance with the actual condition. The above deviation can be corrected by the following three methods: (1) processing the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount through low-pass filtering; (2) correcting the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount according to the variation trend of the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount and the actual value of the ammonia leakage amount; (3) when the NOx conversion efficiency obtained by the upstream NOx sensor measurement value and the downstream NOx sensor measurement value is larger than the threshold value, the calculated ammonia leak amount is set to 0.
The embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a method for calculating an amount of ammonia slip in an SCR aftertreatment system includes:
s1, obtaining a relational expression between the current downstream NOx sensor measurement value and the ammonia leakage amount;
the downstream NOx sensor measurement consists of the amount of nitrogen oxides and ammonia slip, as shown in the following equation:
NOX_out＝NOx+NH3
the nitrogen oxide amount is obtained by the following formula:
NOX＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)
in the above formula, NOXIs the amount of nitrogen oxides;
the relationship obtained from the above two equations is:
NOX_out＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)+NH3
in the above formula, NOXOut is the current downstream NOx sensor measurement, NOXAndy is the upstream NOx sensor measurement before time t (t is the time required for the gas to flow from the upstream NOx sensor location to the downstream NOx sensor location), K is the deviation ratio of the actual NOx conversion efficiency to η, η is the NOx conversion efficiency (i.e., model efficiency) set by the SCR aftertreatment system, NH3The ammonia leakage rate;
s2, obtaining a relational expression between the measured value of the downstream NOx sensor before 1S and the ammonia leakage amount, wherein the relational expression is as follows:
NOX_out′＝NOX_indly′×(1-K×η′)+NH3
in the above formula, NOXOut' is the NOx sensor measurement upstream and downstream of 1s, NOX"only" is the (t +1) s pre-upstream NOx sensor measurement, and η' is the NOx conversion efficiency (i.e., model efficiency) set by the 1s pre-SCR aftertreatment system;
s3, calculating the current ammonia leakage amount, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
because the actual ammonia leakage changes slowly, the calculated value of the ammonia leakage is processed by limiting and low-pass filtering, so that the calculated value is prevented from fluctuating violently;
because the calculated value is different from the actual value, the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount is corrected according to the variation trend of the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount and the actual value of the ammonia leakage amount, as shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 correction of actual values to calculated values
| Calculated value | 0 | 28 | 57 | 85 | 114 | 143 | 171 | 200 |
| Actual value | 0 | 25 | 50 | 80 | 120 | 160 | 190 | 230 |
By way of example: when the calculated value is 114, the actual value can be searched by the table 1 to be 120, and the calculated value of the ammonia leakage is corrected to be 120;
when the actual efficiency is sufficiently high, the ammonia slip is not present, and when the calculated value cannot be corrected by table 1, the calculated value of the ammonia slip amount in this case may be set to 0; NOx conversion efficiency eta when obtained from upstream NOx sensor measurement and downstream NOx sensor measurementkWhen the value is larger than the threshold (set according to actual conditions, the value is 0.85 in the embodiment), the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount is set to be 0;
NOx conversion efficiency etakThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
ηk＝1-|(NOX_indly-NOX_out)|/NOX_indly。
Claims (7)
1. an ammonia leakage amount calculation method of an SCR aftertreatment system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining a relational expression of the current downstream NOx sensor measurement value and the ammonia leakage amount, wherein the relational expression is as follows:
NOX_out＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)+NH3
in the above formula, NOXOut is the current downstream NOx sensor measurement, NOX"only" is the upstream NOx sensor measurement before time t, K is the deviation ratio of actual NOx conversion efficiency to η, η is the NOx conversion efficiency set by the SCR aftertreatment system, NH3The leakage amount of ammonia;
s2, obtaining a relational expression between the measured value of the downstream NOx sensor before 1S and the ammonia leakage amount, wherein the relational expression is as follows:
NOX_out′＝NOX_indly′×(1-K×η′)+NH3
in the above formula, NOXOut' is the NOx sensor measurement upstream and downstream of 1s, NOX-only 'is the (t +1) s pre-upstream NOx sensor measurement, η' is the NOx conversion efficiency set by the 1s pre-SCR aftertreatment system;
s3, calculating the current ammonia leakage amount, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
in step S1, the downstream NOx sensor measurement consists of the amount of nitrogen oxides and the amount of ammonia slip, as shown in the following equation:
NOX_out＝NOX+NH3
the nitrogen oxide amount is obtained by the following formula:
NOX＝NOX_indly×(1-K×η)
in the above formula, NOXIs the amount of nitrogen oxides.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in step S1, t is the time it takes for the gas to flow from the upstream NOx sensor location to the downstream NOx sensor location.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in step S3, the calculated value of the ammonia leak amount is processed by low-pass filtering.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in step S3, the calculated value of the ammonia slip amount is corrected based on the tendency of the change in the calculated value of the ammonia slip amount and the actual value of the ammonia slip amount.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
in step S3, when the NOx conversion efficiency eta obtained by the upstream NOx sensor measurement value and the downstream NOx sensor measurement valuekWhen the value is larger than the threshold value, setting the calculated value of the ammonia leakage amount to be 0;
efficiency of NOx conversionηkThe calculation formula of (c) is:
ηk＝1-(NOX_indly-NOX_out)|/NOX_indly。
7. the method of calculating an amount of ammonia slip in an SCR aftertreatment system of claim 6, wherein: the threshold is 0.85.
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