CN113202428B - Automatic screwing-on and unscrewing device for sucker rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic screwing-on and unscrewing device for a sucker rod, and relates to the technical field of well repair equipment. The clamping device comprises a bottom plate, wherein a righting mechanism, a clamping tile mechanism and a power clamp are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate from front to back, and the power clamp is located above the clamping tile mechanism. The slip mechanism is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through a support frame, the power tongs are in sliding connection with the bottom plate through a sliding frame, and a driving part for driving the sliding frame to slide is arranged between the sliding frame and the bottom plate. The power tongs comprise an installation plate, the upper side and the lower side of the installation plate are respectively provided with a main tong and an auxiliary tong, and a clamping assembly used for clamping a coupling is arranged between the main tong and the auxiliary tong. The clamping assembly comprises clamping blocks which are symmetrically arranged, and a clamping oil cylinder is arranged between each clamping block and the corresponding mounting plate. The device can effectively improve the installation and the dismantlement speed of sucker rod for the well workover process, subduct oil field workover well head operating personnel personal injury risk simultaneously, realize essential safety.

Description

Automatic screwing-on and unscrewing device for sucker rod

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of workover equipment, in particular to an auxiliary device for assembling and disassembling a sucker rod in workover treatment.

Background

The oil field uses the mode of oil-well pump and sucker rod column combination to lift crude oil to ground more, and wherein the sucker rod column is formed by many oil poles of length 8m or so through threaded connection's mode continuation. The process of pulling out the sucker rod in the well comprises the steps of using well workover hoisting equipment to lift the sucker rod upwards from a production well cylinder to enable the sucker rod to be connected with a coupling to be exposed out of a well workover platform, then clamping the weight of the whole sucker rod string on special equipment, taking the seat clamping position as the square neck of the first sucker rod in the well, then disassembling the sucker rod from a connecting thread through a special manual tool or a hydraulic power tong, then continuing to lift the sucker rod string, and repeating the operation until all the sucker rods are lifted out. The rod strings also need to be run into the well in tandem.

The oil production well of machine pumping production, sucker rod length mostly is 1000m ~ 2800m, consequently, the quantity of the sucker rod of a well is a lot of, mainly adopts manpower specialized tool or hydraulic power pincers to play down the sucker rod post at present, and the installation is taken time very with the dismantlement, and operating personnel repeats simple mechanical action in heavy load hoisting equipment below for a long time, and easy tired emergence misoperation leads to bodily injury risks such as high altitude object falls to strike, mechanical injury.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the automatic screwing-on and unscrewing device for the sucker rod, which replaces manual work to automatically complete the screwing-on and unscrewing operation of the sucker rod string at the well mouth, effectively improves the screwing-off efficiency of the sucker rod and accelerates the workover process. Meanwhile, the personal injury risk of well head operators in oil field workover operation is reduced, and the intrinsic safety is realized.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an automatic screwing-on and unscrewing device of a sucker rod comprises a bottom plate, wherein a righting mechanism, a slip mechanism and a power tong are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate from front to back, and the power tong is positioned above the slip mechanism;

the slip mechanism is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through a support frame, the power tongs are connected with the bottom plate in a sliding mode through a sliding frame, and a driving part used for driving the sliding frame to slide is arranged between the sliding frame and the bottom plate;

the power tongs comprise a mounting plate, the upper side and the lower side of the mounting plate are respectively provided with a main tong and an auxiliary tong, and a clamping assembly for clamping a coupling is arranged between the main tong and the auxiliary tong;

the clamping assembly comprises clamping blocks which are symmetrically arranged, and a clamping oil cylinder for driving the clamping blocks to clamp a coupling is arranged between the clamping blocks and the mounting plate.

Furthermore, a guide block is fixedly arranged at the front end of the mounting plate, a first avoidance notch used for accommodating the sucker rod is arranged on the guide block, guide holes matched with the clamping blocks are respectively formed in the left side and the right side of the first avoidance notch on the guide block, and the two clamping oil cylinders are respectively located on the two sides of the guide block.

Furthermore, the downside of guide block is located first dodge the left and right both sides of breach and be provided with the riser respectively, be provided with on the medial surface of riser with assist pincers matched with spout, the rear side of assisting pincers is provided with the web, just the both ends of web are located respectively riser fixed connection, the rear end of assisting pincers be provided with web sliding connection's first guide bar, first guide bar on lie in assist and be equipped with first spring between pincers and the web.

Further, slips mechanism include base and installation piece, the upside of installation piece slides and is provided with the slide, the slide on be provided with the first breach that compresses tightly, the both sides of slide open end are provided with the third ear seat respectively, lie in on the base the opening side of installation piece is provided with the fourth ear seat, be provided with between fourth ear seat and the slide and compress tightly breach matched with swing clamping bar with first, the fourth ear seat articulated mutually with the middle part of swing clamping bar, the one end that the swing clamping bar is close to the fourth ear seat is provided with the head rod, the both ends of head rod link to each other with the third ear seat through first pull rod respectively, base and slide between be provided with and be used for the drive the gliding clamping cylinder of slide.

Furthermore, an installation groove is formed in the upper side face of the sliding seat, a detachable bearing block is fixedly arranged in the installation groove, and a second pressing notch matched with the swing pressing rod is formed in the bearing block.

Furtherly, the both ends of base are provided with the frizing subassembly respectively, the frizing subassembly from outside to inside include baffle and frizing plate in proper order, the baffle with base fixed connection, the frizing plate pass through the second guide bar with baffle sliding connection, the second guide bar on lie in baffle and frizing plate between the cover be equipped with the second spring.

Furthermore, a supporting cylinder is fixedly arranged in the base, and the inner end of the oil scraping plate penetrates through the cylinder wall of the supporting cylinder and extends into the supporting cylinder.

Furthermore, the righting mechanism comprises an installation base plate, two symmetrically-arranged righting rods are arranged on the installation base plate, the lower ends of the righting rods are hinged to the installation base plate, a righting oil cylinder is arranged between the two righting rods on the installation base plate, the righting rods are connected with piston rods of the righting oil cylinders through second pull rods respectively, and a righting portion extending towards the rear side is arranged at the upper end of each righting rod.

Furthermore, the mounting seat plate is fixedly connected with the front side surface of the base.

Furthermore, the righting portion is provided with a righting plate, and the inner side of the righting plate is provided with a triangular guide notch.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

1. the auxiliary device can replace manual operation to complete the screwing-off operation of the workover wellhead sucker rod, effectively improve the mounting and dismounting speed of the sucker rod and accelerate the workover process. Meanwhile, the personal injury risk of well mouth operators in oil field workover operation is reduced, and intrinsic safety is realized.

2. Traditional manual pliers or hydraulic power pincers are when dismantling the sucker rod screw thread, generally are that the main tong presss from both sides the sucker rod that is located the coupling top, assist pincers or the fixed sucker rod that is located the coupling below of spanner, and this kind of dismantlement mode is up, all can take place relative rotation between sucker rod and the coupling down, though only a sucker rod breaks away from with the coupling in finally going up, the sucker rod that does not break away from and coupling often also are not hard up, take place to drop easily at the in-process of workover. The power tongs in the auxiliary device can clamp the clamping block of the coupling through the arrangement, can realize the disassembly at a fixed position, namely only disassemble the coupling and the screw thread between the sucker rods above the coupling, and avoid the occurrence of the phenomenon.

3. In the process of installing the pumping power tongs, the main tongs are clamped on the square neck of the pumping rod above the coupling only by pushing the sliding frame. In the working process, the auxiliary tongs positioned below the main tongs can automatically clamp the coupling when the sucker rod in the well is pulled out, the coupling is only disassembled and the connecting screw thread of the sucker rod is pulled out, and the coupling is left at the well mouth, so that the positioning of an elevator of the sucker rod is facilitated. When the sucker rod goes into the well, the auxiliary clamp holds the square neck of the sucker rod in the well below the coupling, so that two sucker rod screw threads connected by the coupling are simultaneously tightened. The auxiliary clamp is not required to be manually clamped on the oil rod below the coupling, so that the operation is convenient, and the work efficiency is favorably improved.

4. The guide block of the slip of the sucker rod enables the sucker rod lifted in the well to enter the center of the slip seat, and the slip seat clamps the arc transition section at the lower part of the square neck of the sucker rod, thereby being beneficial to the automatic screwing operation of the sucker rod entering the well.

5. The below of slips sets up the frizing, can scrape the oil attached to on the sucker rod at the in-process of dismantling the sucker rod, improves operational environment, avoids the greasy dirt of attaching to on the sucker rod to cause environmental pollution.

6. The auxiliary device has the advantages of simple and ingenious integral structure, low cost and good practicability.

7. Through using this auxiliary device, single installation and the dismantlement work that can accomplish the sucker rod can reduce workman's intensity of labour.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an auxiliary device;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the auxiliary device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sliding configuration of the power tong;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the power tong;

FIG. 6 is a right side view of the power tong;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the guide block and the auxiliary clamp;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the slip mechanism;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a sliding structure of the bearing block mounting base;

FIG. 12 is a right side view of the slip mechanism;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the oil scraping assembly;

FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of the slip mechanism in an open position;

FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of the centering mechanism;

FIG. 17 is a front view of the centralizer mechanism;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the sucker rod joint.

In the figure: 11-base plate, 111-second through hole, 112-guide rail, 113-first ear seat, 12-support frame, 121-upper support plate, 122-lower support plate, 123-support column, 13-carriage, 131-plate, 132-leg, 1321-slide block, 133-first connecting plate, 134-second connecting plate, 1341-second ear seat, 14-drive part,

2-power tongs, 21-mounting plate, 211-support bolt, 2111-locating column, 2112-back-up nut, 22-main tongs, 221-supporting plate, 231-clamping block, 232-clamping oil cylinder, 24-auxiliary tongs, 241-first guide rod, 2411-first spring, 25-guide block, 251-guide hole, 252-clamping plate, 253-vertical plate, 2531-sliding groove, 261-web plate and 262-wing plate,

3-a slip mechanism, 311-an upper transverse plate, 3111-a first round hole, 312-a lower transverse plate, 3121-a second round hole, 313-a vertical plate, 314-a support cylinder, 32-a mounting block, 321-a guide plate, 322-a fourth through hole, 33-a sliding seat, 331-a first pressing notch, 332-a third lug seat, 333-a guide boss, 34-a fourth lug seat, 35-a swinging pressing rod, 351-a first connecting rod, 352-a first hinge shaft, 36-a first pull rod, 37-a pressing oil cylinder, 371-a third connecting plate, 38-a bearing block, 381-a second pressing notch, 39-an oil scraping component, 391-a baffle plate, 3911-a sliding sleeve, 392-a second guide rod, 3921-a second spring, 393-a scraper seat, 394-a scraper plate, 395-a pressure plate, wherein,

4-a righting mechanism, 41-an installation seat plate, 411-an ear plate, 42-a righting oil cylinder, 43-a second connecting rod, 44-a righting rod, 441-a driving part, 442-a first bending part, 443-a second bending part, 444-a righting part, 445-a righting plate, 4451-a guide notch, 45-a third connecting rod and 46-a second pull rod;

51-sucker rod, 511-grip, 52-coupling.

Detailed Description

For convenience of description, a coordinate system is defined as shown in fig. 1, and the left-right direction is a horizontal direction (row), the front-back direction is a vertical direction (column), and the up-down direction is a vertical direction.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the automatic screwing-on and unscrewing device for the sucker rod comprises a main frame body, wherein the main frame body is provided with a avoiding hole for accommodating the sucker rod, and the avoiding hole vertically penetrates through the main frame body. The main frame body is provided with a slip mechanism 3 above the avoidance hole, and a power tong 2 capable of sliding back and forth relative to the main frame body is arranged above the slip mechanism 3. A driving part 14 for driving the power tong 2 to slide back and forth is arranged between the power tong 2 and the main frame body, the fixed side of the driving part 14 is connected with the main frame body, and the moving side of the driving part 14 is connected with the power tong 2.

As a specific implementation manner, the main frame body in this embodiment includes bottom plate 11 and is used for supporting support frame 12 of slips mechanism 3, support frame 12 on be provided with along vertical through the first through-hole of support frame 12, bottom plate 11 on be provided with the coaxial second through-hole 111 of first through-hole, first through-hole and second through-hole 111 have formed the hole of dodging that is used for holding the sucker rod jointly. A sliding frame 13 for supporting the power tong 2 is arranged on the bottom plate 11 at the rear side of the supporting frame 12, the upper end of the sliding frame 13 is fixedly connected with the power tong 2, the lower end of the sliding frame 13 is slidably connected with the bottom plate 11, and the driving part 14 is arranged between the sliding frame 13 and the bottom plate 11.

As a specific embodiment, the supporting frame 12 in this embodiment includes an upper supporting plate 121 and a lower supporting plate 122 which are annular, a plurality of supporting columns 123 for connecting the upper supporting plate 121 and the lower supporting plate 122 are disposed between the upper supporting plate 121 and the lower supporting plate 122, and the plurality of supporting columns 123 are uniformly arranged along a circumferential direction. The inner holes of the upper support plate 121 and the lower support plate 122 together form a first through hole of the support frame 12.

Preferably, the lower supporting plate 122 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 11 by screws.

As a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 3, the carriage 13 in this embodiment includes a flat plate 131 extending along a horizontal direction, the left and right ends of the flat plate 131 are respectively and fixedly provided with a leg 132 extending downward along a vertical direction, the lower end of the leg 132 is fixedly provided with a slider 1321, the left and right sides of the upper side surface of the bottom plate 11 are respectively provided with a guide rail 112 extending along a longitudinal direction, the slider 1321 is matched with the guide rail 112, and the carriage 13 can slide back and forth along the guide rail 112. A first connecting plate 133 is arranged between the two legs 132, and two ends of the first connecting plate 133 are respectively fixedly connected with the legs 132.

The driving unit 14 is located between the first connecting plate 133 and the base plate 11. As a specific implementation manner, the driving component 14 in this embodiment employs a cylinder, and a front end of a cylinder body of the cylinder is hinged with a first ear seat 113 fixedly disposed on the bottom plate 11. A second connecting plate 134 extending backwards along the horizontal direction is fixedly arranged on the first connecting plate 133, and a rod end of a piston rod of the oil cylinder is hinged to a second lug 1341 fixedly arranged at the rear end of the second connecting plate 134.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the power tong 2 includes a mounting plate 21, and the rear end of the mounting plate 21 is fixedly connected to the plate 131 of the carriage 13 by a screw. The front end of the mounting plate 21 is provided with a main clamp 22, a clamping assembly and an auxiliary clamp 24 from top to bottom in sequence.

The main clamp 22 is the prior art, and can be obtained directly by a outsourcing method, and the detailed description of the specific structure of the main clamp 22 is not repeated herein.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the main clamp 22 is located above the mounting plate 21 and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 21. As a specific implementation manner, in this embodiment, the left side, the right side, and the rear side of the housing of the main clamp 22 are respectively and fixedly provided with a supporting plate 221, a supporting member is fixedly provided on the mounting plate 21 below the supporting plate 221, a positioning post 2111 is fixedly provided on the upper side surface of the supporting member, and the upper end surface of the positioning post 2111 passes through the supporting plate 221 and extends to above the supporting plate 221.

Further, a pin (not shown) penetrating the positioning post 2111 in the radial direction is provided above the supporting plate 221 on the positioning post 2111, and the pin restricts the freedom of movement of the main clamp 22 in the up-down direction.

Preferably, the supporting member is a supporting bolt 211, and a back nut 2112 is arranged on the supporting bolt 211 below the mounting plate 21. This has the advantage that the height of the main clamp 22 can be adjusted as required.

The clamping assembly includes two clamping blocks 231, and the two clamping blocks 231 are symmetrically arranged about a vertical plane of symmetry extending in the longitudinal direction of the mounting plate 21. The inner side surfaces of the clamping blocks 231 (the side opposite to the two clamping blocks 231 is the inner side) are provided with arc-shaped grooves matched with the coupling 52. The mounting plate 21 is provided with a clamping oil cylinder 232 which is used for driving the clamping block 231 to move left and right on the outer side of the clamping block 231, the cylinder body of the clamping oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 21, and the piston rod of the clamping oil cylinder 232 is fixedly connected with the clamping block 231.

As a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, the cylinder body of the clamping cylinder 232 is fixedly connected to the front end surface of the mounting plate 21.

Further, in order to improve the stability of the clamping block 231 when sliding left and right, a guide structure is arranged between the clamping block 231 and the mounting plate 21, the guide structure comprises a boss arranged on the front end surface of the mounting plate 21, a guide hole 251 matched with the pressing block is arranged in the boss, and the guide hole 251 transversely penetrates through the boss. As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, a guide block 25 extending forward in the horizontal direction is fixed at the front end of the mounting plate 21, a first avoidance notch with an opening facing the front side is provided on the guide block 25 for accommodating the sucker rod, and the first avoidance notch penetrates through the guide block 25 in the up-down direction. The left side surface and the right side surface of the guide block 25 are respectively provided with a guide hole 251 extending inwards along the transverse direction, and the clamping block 231 is positioned in the guide hole 251, is matched with the guide hole 251 and can slide along the guide hole 251 from side to side. When the clamping cylinder 232 is in an extended state, the inner side surface of the clamping block 231 is located in the first avoidance notch, so that the coupling 52 located in the first avoidance notch is clamped.

Further, for convenience of installation, as shown in fig. 5 and 8, clamping plates 252 extending rearward in the horizontal direction are respectively disposed on upper and lower sides of the rear end surface of the guide block 25, the front end portion of the mounting plate 21 is clamped between the two clamping plates 252, and the clamping plates 252 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 21 by screws.

The auxiliary clamp 24 is located below the mounting plate 21 and is slidably connected to the mounting plate 21, and a first spring 2411 for blocking the auxiliary clamp 24 from moving backward relative to the mounting plate 21 is disposed between the auxiliary clamp 24 and the mounting plate 21.

As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, in this embodiment, vertical plates 253 extending downward in the vertical direction are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the first avoidance gap on the lower side surface of the guide block 25, and sliding grooves 2531 penetrating through the vertical plates 253 in the front-back direction and matching with the auxiliary tongs 24 are respectively disposed on the inner side surfaces of the vertical plates 253. The left and right ends of the auxiliary clamp 24 are inserted into the slide grooves 2531, respectively. A web 261 extending along the transverse direction is arranged between the two vertical plates 253, two first guide rods 241 extending backwards are arranged on the rear end face of the auxiliary clamp 24, the rear ends of the first guide rods 241 extend to the outer side of the web 261 through the web 261, a first spring 2411 is sleeved between the auxiliary clamp 24 and the web 261 on each first guide rod 241, and a stop block (not shown in the figure) for preventing the guide rods from slipping off the web 261 is fixedly arranged on the rear side of the web 261 on each first guide rod 241. Preferably, the stopper is a stopper nut, and the first guide rod 241 is provided with an external thread matched with the stopper nut.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the left and right ends of the web 261 are respectively provided with a wing 262 extending forward, and the wing 262 is fixedly connected with the corresponding vertical plate 253 by a screw.

As shown in fig. 9, the slip mechanism 3 includes a base fixedly connected to the supporting frame 12, a third through hole penetrating through the base in a vertical direction is provided on the base, and the third through hole is coaxially arranged with the first through hole on the supporting frame 12. The upper side surface of the base is provided with an installation block 32 with a square cross section, and the installation block 32 is fixedly connected with the base through a screw. The mounting block 32 is provided with a fourth through hole 322 penetrating through the mounting block 32 along the vertical direction, and the fourth through hole 322 and the third through hole on the base are coaxially arranged.

As shown in fig. 9 and 11, a sliding seat 33 is slidably disposed on the upper side of the mounting block 32, and the sliding seat 33 can slide left and right relative to the mounting block 32. The sliding base 33 is provided with a first pressing notch 331 with an opening facing to the left side, and the first pressing notch 331 penetrates through the sliding base 33 along the upper limit direction. Preferably, the right side surface of the first pressing notch 331 is a semicircular arc surface. The axis of the fourth through hole 322 of the mounting block 32 coincides with the axis of the arc-shaped surface of the first pressing notch 331.

In this embodiment, a guide plate 321 is disposed on each of the front and rear sides of the mounting block 32, and the upper end surface of the guide plate 321 is located above the upper side surface of the mounting block 32. The front side and the rear side of the sliding base 33 are respectively provided with a guide boss 333, and the inner side of the guide plate 321 is provided with a guide groove matching with the guide boss 333.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the front and rear sides of the left end surface of the sliding base 33 are respectively provided with a third ear seat 332, and the third ear seat 332 is fixedly connected with the sliding base 33 through a screw. The base on be located the left side of installation piece 32 is provided with fourth ear seat 34, fourth ear seat 34 and slide 33 between be provided with the first breach 331 that compresses tightly matched with have a swing compressing rod 35 of once bending, just the angle of bending of the portion of bending of swing compressing rod 35 is the obtuse angle. The fourth ear seat 34 is hinged to the middle of the swing compressing rod 35 through a first hinge shaft 352, a first connecting rod 351 extending in the longitudinal direction is disposed at one end of the swing compressing rod 35 close to the fourth ear seat 34, two ends of the first connecting rod 351 are respectively connected to the third ear seat 332 through a first pull rod 36, one end of the first pull rod 36 is hinged to the third ear seat 332, and the other end of the first pull rod 36 is hinged to the first connecting rod 351.

As shown in fig. 9 and 15, when the slide carriage 33 slides left and right with respect to the mounting block 32, the swing pressing lever 35 swings about the first hinge shaft 352.

As shown in fig. 9 and 12, a pressing cylinder 37 for driving the slide carriage 33 to slide left and right is disposed between the base and the slide carriage 33, a cylinder body of the pressing cylinder 37 is fixedly connected to the base, and a rod end of a piston rod of the pressing cylinder 37 is fixedly connected to a right end face of the slide carriage 33 through a third connecting plate 371. As a specific implementation manner, the pressing cylinder 37 in this embodiment is located at the rear side of the mounting block 32.

Further, as shown in fig. 11 and 13, a mounting groove with an opening on the left side is disposed on the upper side surface of the sliding seat 33, and the projection of the first pressing notch 331 in the horizontal plane is completely located inside the projection of the mounting groove in the horizontal plane. The mounting groove in be provided with a bearing piece 38, bearing piece 38 on be provided with a left end open-ended second and compress tightly breach 381, just the second compress tightly breach 381 and run through along vertical direction bearing piece 38, the second compress tightly the projection of breach 381 in the plane with first compress tightly the projection of breach 331 in the plane and coincide completely. The supporting block 38 is fixedly connected with the sliding base 33 through a screw.

Further, as shown in fig. 9, 12 and 13, the base includes an upper horizontal plate 311, a lower horizontal plate 312 and two vertical plates 313 arranged in parallel for connecting the upper horizontal plate 311 and the lower horizontal plate 312, as a specific embodiment, in this embodiment, the two vertical plates 313 are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the upper horizontal plate 311 and the lower horizontal plate 312, and the upper horizontal plate 311, the lower horizontal plate 312 and the vertical plates 313 together form a square cylindrical structure with openings at the left and right ends. The upper transverse plate 311 and the lower transverse plate 312 are respectively provided with a first round hole 3111 and a second round hole 3121, and the first round hole 3111 and the second round hole 3121 jointly form a third through hole penetrating through the base.

As shown in fig. 13, the left and right ends of the base are respectively provided with an oil scraping assembly 39. As shown in fig. 14, the oil scraping assembly 39 includes a baffle 391, and as shown in fig. 9 and 15, both ends of the baffle 391 are fixedly connected to the end surfaces of the risers 313 by screws, respectively. As shown in fig. 13 and 14, an oil scraping plate is disposed inside the baffle 391, two second guide rods 392 extending laterally outward are disposed on an outer side surface of the oil scraping plate, an outer end of each second guide rod 392 extends to an outer side of the baffle 391 through the baffle 391, and a sliding sleeve 3911 matched with the second guide rods 392 is fixedly disposed on an inner side surface of the baffle 391. The second guide rods 392 are provided with a limiting structure at the outer end of the baffle 391 for preventing the second guide rods 392 from slipping off the baffle 391. A second spring 3921 is sleeved on the second guide rod 392 between the oil scraping plate and the sliding sleeve 3911.

The oil scraping plate sequentially comprises a scraping plate seat 393, a scraping plate 394 and a pressing plate 395 from bottom to top, the scraping plate 394 is made of rubber materials, and the scraping plate 394 is pressed and fixed between the scraping plate seat 393 and the pressing plate 395. The scraper seat 393 and the pressing plate 395 are respectively provided with a second avoidance notch and a third avoidance notch, and the projections of the second avoidance notch and the third avoidance notch in the horizontal plane are completely overlapped. A fourth avoidance notch is arranged in the second avoidance notch on the scraper 394, and a plurality of notches are uniformly distributed at the edge of the fourth avoidance notch. Preferably, the inner end of the second guide rod is fixedly connected with the scraper seat 393.

Further, as shown in fig. 13, a supporting cylinder 314 coaxially disposed with the first circular hole 3111 and the second circular hole 3121 is disposed between the upper horizontal plate 311 and the lower horizontal plate 312, an upper end of the supporting cylinder 314 is fixedly connected with the upper horizontal plate 311 by welding, and a lower side surface of the supporting cylinder 314 is fixedly connected with the lower horizontal plate 312 by welding. The left side and the right side of the supporting cylinder 314 are respectively provided with a limiting hole for accommodating the oil scraping plate. The reason for this is that when the sucker rod moves upward, the friction force between the oil scraping plate and the sucker rod will make the oil scraping assembly 39 have a tendency that the inner end moves upward, and at this time, the fulcrum is at the baffle 391 of the oil scraping assembly 39, the distance between the force bearing point and the fulcrum is longer, the second guide rod 392 is easy to deform at the fulcrum, and by arranging the supporting cylinder 314 and inserting the oil scraping plate into the supporting cylinder 314, the above problem can be effectively solved.

Further, a centering mechanism 4 is disposed on one side of the main frame body located at the slip mechanism 3, and as a specific implementation manner, the centering mechanism 4 in this embodiment is located at a front side of the slip mechanism 3.

As shown in fig. 16, the righting mechanism 4 includes a mounting seat plate 41, and as a specific embodiment, the mounting seat plate 41 is fixedly connected to the front side of the base by a screw.

A centering oil cylinder 42 is arranged on the front side surface of the mounting seat plate 41, the lower end of a cylinder body of the centering oil cylinder 42 is hinged with an ear plate 411 on the mounting seat plate 41, and a rod end of a piston rod of the centering oil cylinder 42 is provided with a second connecting rod 43 extending along the front-back direction.

The right and left sides of the righting oil cylinder 42 are respectively provided with a righting rod 44. The righting rod 44 sequentially comprises a driving portion 441, a first bending portion 442 and a second bending portion 443 from bottom to top. The lower end of the driving part 441 is hinged to the mounting seat plate 41, and the upper end of the driving part 441 is provided with a third connecting rod 45 extending in the front-rear direction. Second pull rods 46 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the righting rod 44 on the third connecting rod 45, the lower ends of the second pull rods 46 are hinged to the third connecting rod 45, and the upper ends of the four second pull rods 46 are hinged to the second connecting rod 43.

When the righting cylinder 42 is in the extreme extension state, the first bending portion 442 and the second bending portion 443 of the two righting rods 44 form a right water-drop shape together, and at this time, the included angle α between the driving portion 441 of the righting rod 44 and the second pull rod 46 disposed on the righting rod 44 is greater than 150 °.

The reason for this is that when the sucker rod 51 is already being straightened, too much clamping force is not needed, and the sucker rod 51 can be prevented from tilting only by applying an upward pulling force to the straightening rod 44, and if the clamping force is too much, the sucker rod 51 can be easily damaged. In the embodiment, by setting the special shape of the righting rod 44, on one hand, the interference with the righting cylinder located in the middle can be avoided, and on the other hand, when the included angle α between the driving portion 441 of the righting rod 44 and the second pull rod 46 arranged on the righting rod 44 is larger than 150 degrees, most of the pulling force of the second pull rod 46 is decomposed into the vertical upward pulling force, and only a small part of the pulling force is decomposed into the horizontal inward clamping force, so that the requirements are met.

As shown in fig. 16, the upper end of the second bending portion 443 is provided with a righting portion 444 extending along the rear side, and the righting portion 444 is provided with a righting plate 445.

Further, the inner side of the righting plate 445 (the side opposite to the two righting rods 44 is the inner side) is provided with a guide notch 4451.

Further, the guiding notch 4451 is triangular.

Further, one of the centering plates 445 is fixedly disposed on the upper side of the centering portion 444 by welding, and the other centering plate 445 is fixedly disposed on the lower side of the centering portion 444 by welding. When the righting cylinder 42 is in the extreme extension state, the two righting plates 445 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the righting part 444 of the righting rod 44, and the two righting plates 445 are parallel to each other.

When the sucker rod is to be disassembled, the sucker rod is first pulled up by the workover robot for a certain distance, and then the power tong 2 is moved forward so that the main tong 22 of the power tong 2 clamps on the clamping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51 above the coupling 52. Then, the clamping cylinder 232 is operated to move the clamping block 231 inward, thereby clamping the coupling 52 (in this case, in any state of the auxiliary tong 24, the coupling may be clamped at the clamping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51 located below, or may not be clamped at the clamping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51 located below). Main tong 22 is then activated to rotate sucker rod 51 above until sucker rod 51 and coupling 52 are disengaged above. The piston rod of the hold-down cylinder 37 of the slip mechanism 3 is then retracted, driving the oscillating hold-down rod 35 to oscillate, thereby holding down the sucker rod 51 below the coupling 52 and preventing it from falling. The drive unit 14 then moves the power tong 2 backwards, making room for the workover robot to remove the detached sucker rod 51. The workover robot then removes the detached sucker rod 51. The above operation is repeated until the disassembly of all the sucker rods 51 is completed.

When installing the sucker rod, the sucker rod 51 is first sent over the wellhead by the workover robot, and then the power tong 2 is moved forward so that the main tong 22 of the power tong 2 grips onto the gripping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51, which is located above the coupling 52. At this time, the state of the auxiliary jaw 24 is arbitrary, and there is a possibility that it is clamped to the clamping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51 located below, and there is a possibility that it is not clamped to the clamping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51 located below, and the clamping piece 231 for clamping the coupling 52 is in an opened state. The main tong 22 of the power tong 2 is then activated to rotate the sucker rod 51 above, so that the sucker rod 51 above and the coupling 52 are screwed together. The main tong 22 continues to rotate, if the auxiliary tong 24 clamps on the clamping part 511 of the sucker rod 51 positioned below, the lower sucker rod 51 cannot rotate, and after the main tong 22 keeps the pressure for a certain time, the upper sucker rod 51 and the lower sucker rod 51 are screwed with the upper end and the lower end of the coupling 52; if the auxiliary clamp 24 is not clamped on the clamping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51 below, the lower sucker rod 51 will rotate, and when rotating to the proper position, the auxiliary clamp 24 will be driven by the spring to clamp on the clamping portion 511 of the lower sucker rod 51. Therefore, regardless of whether the auxiliary clamp 24 is initially clamped to the clamping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51 located below, the auxiliary clamp 24 is eventually clamped to the clamping portion 511 of the sucker rod 51 located below. Then, the workover robot lifts a section of sucker rod, the piston rod of the pressing oil cylinder 37 of the slip mechanism 3 extends out, the swing pressing rod 35 is driven to swing, and therefore the swing pressing rod 35 is opened, and the workover robot conveys the sucker rod to fall. Meanwhile, the driving part 14 drives the power tongs 2 to move backwards, so that an operation space is provided for the workover robot to move the sucker rod downwards. When the clamping rod moves downwards for a certain distance, the piston rod of the pressing oil cylinder 37 of the slip mechanism 3 retracts to drive the swinging pressing rod 35 to swing, so that the swinging pressing rod 35 is closed, and the sucker rod is prevented from falling. The workover robot then places the sucker rod on the sucker rod slips and then conveys the next sucker rod 51 to the top of the well head to continue make-up and run-down. The above operation is repeated until the make-up and the trip of all the sucker rods 51 are completed.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an automatic device of breaking out of going up of sucker rod which characterized in that: the clamping device comprises a bottom plate, wherein a righting mechanism, a clamping tile mechanism and a power clamp are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate from front to back, and the power clamp is positioned above the clamping tile mechanism;

the slip mechanism is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through a support frame, the power tongs are in sliding connection with the bottom plate through a sliding frame, and a driving part for driving the sliding frame to slide is arranged between the sliding frame and the bottom plate;

the power tongs comprise an installation plate, the upper side and the lower side of the installation plate are respectively provided with a main tong and an auxiliary tong, and a clamping assembly for clamping a coupling is arranged between the main tong and the auxiliary tong;

the clamping assembly comprises clamping blocks which are symmetrically arranged, and a clamping oil cylinder for driving the clamping blocks to clamp a coupling is arranged between the clamping blocks and the mounting plate;

the front end of the mounting plate is fixedly provided with a guide block, the guide block is provided with a first avoidance gap for accommodating a sucker rod, guide holes matched with the clamping blocks are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the first avoidance gap on the guide block, and the two clamping oil cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide block;

The left side and the right side of the first avoidance notch on the lower side surface of the guide block are respectively provided with a vertical plate, the inner side surface of each vertical plate is provided with a sliding groove matched with the auxiliary clamp, the rear side of the auxiliary clamp is provided with a web plate, the two ends of the web plate are respectively fixedly connected with the vertical plates, the rear end of the auxiliary clamp is provided with a first guide rod in sliding connection with the web plate, and the first guide rod is arranged between the auxiliary clamp and the web plate in a sleeved mode and is provided with a spring.

2. The automatic make-up and break-out device of the sucker rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: slips mechanism include base and installation piece, the upside of installation piece slides and is provided with the slide, the slide on be provided with the first breach that compresses tightly, the both sides of slide open end are provided with the third ear seat respectively, lie in on the base the opening side of installation piece is provided with the fourth ear seat, be provided with between fourth ear seat and the slide and compress tightly breach matched with swing clamping bar with first, the fourth ear seat articulated mutually with the middle part of swing clamping bar, the one end that the swing clamping bar is close to the fourth ear seat is provided with the head rod, the both ends of head rod link to each other with the third ear seat through first pull rod respectively, base and slide between be provided with and be used for the drive the gliding hydro-cylinder that compresses tightly of slide.

3. The automatic make-up and break-out device of the sucker rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper side surface of the sliding seat is provided with a mounting groove, a detachable bearing block is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove, and a second pressing notch matched with the swing pressing rod is formed in the bearing block.

4. The automatic make-up and break-out device of the sucker rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: the both ends of base are provided with the frizing subassembly respectively, the frizing subassembly from outer to interior baffle and frizing board of including in proper order, the baffle with base fixed connection, the frizing board pass through the second guide bar with baffle sliding connection, the second guide bar on lie in baffle and frizing between the cover be equipped with the spring.

5. The automatic make-up and break-out device of the sucker rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: the base is internally and fixedly provided with a supporting cylinder, and the inner end of the oil scraping plate penetrates through the cylinder wall of the supporting cylinder and extends to the inside of the supporting cylinder.

6. The automatic make-up and break-out device of the sucker rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: righting the mechanism including the installation bedplate, the installation bedplate on be provided with two symmetrical arrangement's the pole of righting, just the lower extreme of the pole of righting with the installation bedplate articulated mutually, the installation bedplate on lie in two the pole of righting between be provided with the hydro-cylinder of righting, the pole of righting respectively through the second pull rod with the piston rod of righting the hydro-cylinder links to each other, the upper end of the pole of righting is provided with the portion of righting that extends to the rear side.

7. The automatic make-up and break-out device of the sucker rod according to claim 6, characterized in that: the mounting seat board is fixedly connected with the front side face of the base.

8. The automatic make-up and break-out device of the sucker rod according to claim 6, characterized in that: the righting portion is provided with a righting plate, and the inner side of the righting plate is provided with a triangular guide notch.

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