CN113201272B - Multicolor low-gloss water-based paint primer and finish composition for railway passenger car - Google Patents
Multicolor low-gloss water-based paint primer and finish composition for railway passenger car Download PDFInfo
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- CN113201272B CN113201272B CN202110459833.4A CN202110459833A CN113201272B CN 113201272 B CN113201272 B CN 113201272B CN 202110459833 A CN202110459833 A CN 202110459833A CN 113201272 B CN113201272 B CN 113201272B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
- B05D1/38—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment with intermediate treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
- B05D7/16—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/587—No clear coat specified some layers being coated "wet-on-wet", the others not
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2503/00—Polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2504/00—Epoxy polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
- C08K2003/2272—Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/327—Aluminium phosphate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/328—Phosphates of heavy metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
Abstract
The invention discloses a multicolor low-gloss water-based paint primer and a finish paint composition for railway carriages, which comprise water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint and water-based epoxy primer, wherein the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint takes hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin and a hydrophilic polyisocyanate curing agent as film-forming substances, and the color of the paint is adjusted by compounding pigment and water-based organic color paste; the waterborne epoxy primer provides adhesion to the metal substrate. The obtained water-based paint composition has the characteristics of low VOC, environmental friendliness, no combustion, no explosion, safety and reliability; the composite coating matched with the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint and the water-based epoxy primer paint has the advantages of rich and various colors, low gloss, high hardness, good water resistance, good corrosion resistance and good weather resistance, and the comprehensive performance meets the technical requirements of Q/CR 581-2017 on the solid-color finish paint and the primer composite coating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multicolor low-gloss water-based paint primer and finish composition for a railway passenger car, belonging to the technical field of water-based paints.
Background
In recent years, the country has vigorously advocated and promoted the use of environmentally friendly products, and the middle school bus group proposed that the amount of use of aqueous coatings in railway cars and motorcycles has increased year by year under the large background of the green transition strategy of step-by-step coating of the surfaces of trucks, passenger cars and motor cars with environmentally friendly coatings represented by aqueous coatings. The 160km power concentration rejoining motor train unit developed by the enterprises to which the middle vehicle group belongs puts specific requirements on the protective property and the decorative property of the composite coating and the finish coating on the outer surface of the vehicle body. The coating has the advantages that the water resistance, the salt spray resistance, the artificial climate accelerated test resistance and other resistance indexes, the mechanical property, the hardness and other items of the coating must meet the requirements of Q/CR 581-2017, meanwhile, the glossiness (60 ℃) is 60-70%, and various colors are provided to meet the design specifications. The general method is to select the water-based acrylic resin with high hydroxyl value and add a large amount of matting powder to reduce the gloss of the finish, but the method has the defects that on one hand, the gloss stability of a paint film is poor and the risk of losing the gloss required by the original design exists, and on the other hand, the matting powder is expensive and has no cost advantage. Therefore, the development of the water-based paint meeting the specific requirements of coating the primer and the composite matched finish on the outer surface of the 160km power-concentrated rejuvenated motor train unit is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multicolor low-gloss water-based paint primer and a finish composition for railway carriages, which comprise a water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint and a water-based epoxy primer, wherein the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint takes water-based acrylic resin containing hydroxyl, self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin and a hydrophilic polyisocyanate curing agent as film forming substances, and the paint color is adjusted by compounding a pigment and water-based organic color paste; the waterborne epoxy primer provides adhesion to the metal substrate. The obtained water-based paint composition has the characteristics of low VOC, environmental friendliness, no combustion, no explosion, safety and reliability; the composite coating matched with the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint and the water-based epoxy primer paint has the advantages of rich and various colors, low gloss, high hardness, good water resistance, good corrosion resistance and good weather resistance, and the comprehensive performance meets the technical requirements of Q/CR 581-2017 on the solid-color finish paint and the primer composite coating.
The invention provides a multicolor low-gloss water-based paint primer and finish composition for railway passenger cars, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint comprises water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint and water-based epoxy primer paint, wherein the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint comprises: the composition A comprises a hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, a pigment, water-based organic color paste, a rheological additive, a leveling agent, a thickening agent, extinction powder, a cosolvent and deionized water; the component B is a water dispersible polyisocyanate curing agent;
the water-based epoxy primer comprises: the paint comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises a water-based epoxy emulsion, a dispersing agent, a surfactant, a pigment filler, an adhesion promoter, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a thickening agent and deionized water; the component B comprises a waterborne epoxy resin curing agent, an anti-flash rust agent and deionized water.
The water-based epoxy primer and the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint are sprayed on the surface of a metal base material of a railway passenger car, the component A and the component B of the water-based epoxy primer form good adhesion with the metal base material after being subjected to crosslinking reaction and curing, and are matched with the component A and the component B of the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint after being subjected to crosslinking reaction and curing to form an integral composite coating in a tight combination manner, so that the protection property and the decoration property are provided.
In the composition, the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by mass: 55-60 parts of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, 5-15 parts of self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin, 0.1-0.3 part of dispersing agent, 2.0-3.0 parts of wetting agent, 0.1-0.3 part of defoaming agent, 5-12 parts of pigment, 0.1-10 parts of water-based organic color paste, 0.1-0.3 part of rheological additive, 0.2-0.4 part of flatting agent, 0.2-0.3 part of thickening agent, 0-3 parts of extinction powder, 4-8 parts of cosolvent and 100 parts of deionized water; the component B comprises: 75-80 parts of water dispersible polyisocyanate and 20-25 parts of solvent.
The following specifically describes the components of the waterborne acrylic polyurethane finish:
the hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin is selected from any one of sk6480 of Shanghai Shuaike chemical engineering or GS359 of Changzhou Guangshou chemical engineering technology;
the self-extinction aqueous acrylic polyurethane emulsion is selected from any one of PU-210 model of Guangzhou Henry new material Co., ltd and A-20802 model of Dustman in the Netherlands;
the dispersing agent is one or the mixture of ammonium salt solution and sodium salt solution of acrylate copolymer;
the wetting agent is a nonionic surfactant, and the nonionic surfactant comprises nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether;
the defoaming agent is polyether siloxane copolymer;
the pigment is any one or mixture of rutile type titanium dioxide and carbon black; the water-based organic color paste is any one or mixture of more of permanent violet color paste, blue color paste, red color paste, yellow color paste and green color paste in the water-based paint color paste.
The rheological additive is nonionic hydrophobic modified polyurethane; the flatting agent is organic silicon; the thickening agent is an associated polyurethane thickening agent; the extinction powder is any one of Grace ED-3, ED-30 and C503; the cosolvent is any one or mixture of alcohol ethers;
the water dispersible polyisocyanate is aliphatic polyisocyanate, and the solvent is propylene glycol diacetate.
Further, the dispersing agent is any one of Zeta Sperse 3100, tego Dispers 755W and PX4585 of Basff which are Yingchuandi high-aid agents; the wetting agent is TRITON X-405 manufactured by Dow corporation; the defoaming agent is selected from Foamex8030 and Foamex3062 of Digao corporation;
the nonionic hydrophobic modified polyurethane rheological aid is any one of RM-8W, RM-12W and Rohm and Haas SCT-275 of the Dow company; the organosilicon leveling agent is HY5030 of Beijing Maier chemical engineering; the associative polyurethane thickener is Rohm-2020 of Rohm and Haas Leshun;
the aliphatic polyisocyanate is aliphatic polyisocyanate prepared by Fusmann technology.
The specific preparation method of the waterborne acrylic polyurethane finish paint is specifically described as follows:
step one, preparing a component A: weighing the components according to the formula ratio, firstly adding 4/5 of deionized water, 1/5 of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, 1/2 of defoamer, dispersant and wetting agent under stirring at a rotating speed of 300-400r/min, stirring for 10-15min after the addition is finished, uniformly mixing, slowly adding rheological additive, increasing the rotating speed to 600-800r/min, stirring for 15-20min, then adding various pigments, and performing high-speed dispersion stirring at 800-1000r/min for 20-30min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 15 mu m to obtain ground slurry; adding 4/5 of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin, 1/2 of defoaming agent, cosolvent, flatting agent and 1/5 of deionized water into the ground slurry under stirring at 600-800r/min, stirring for 10-15min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the outflow time to 30-40s (ISO 6 cup, 25 ℃) by using a thickening agent, and stirring for 5-10min after the addition is finished; selectively adding matting powder, adjusting the gloss to meet the requirement, stirring for 5-10min, mixing with aqueous organic color paste, and stirring for 5-10min to obtain component A;
step two, preparing a component B: uniformly mixing water-dispersible polyisocyanate with a solvent to obtain a component B;
and thirdly, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of (2-4) to 1 to obtain the multicolor low-gloss water-based paint-water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint product for the railway passenger car.
In the composition, the water-based epoxy primer comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of water-based epoxy emulsion, 1.5-2.5 parts of dispersant, 0.25-0.35 part of surfactant, 32-38 parts of pigment and filler, 0.35-0.45 part of adhesion promoter, 0.15-0.25 part of defoamer, 0.3-0.5 part of flatting agent, 0.1-0.2 part of thickener and 100 parts of deionized water; the component B comprises: 50-55 parts of water-based epoxy resin curing agent, 8-10 parts of anti-flash rust agent and 100 parts of deionized water for supplementing.
The following details are provided for the components of the waterborne epoxy primer:
the water-based epoxy emulsion is selected from any one of STW703A in Shanghai fine chemical engineering or AB-EP-20 in Zhejiang Anbang new materials;
the surfactant is selected from Surfadol 541DPM of Chongqing Aicko technology;
the dispersant is an anionic hydrophilic polymer solution selected from AK-4040 of Bayer AG, germany;
the adhesion promoter is an organosilane coupling agent, and Coatosil MP200 of American Mimeji.
The pigment is any one or mixture of two of rutile titanium dioxide, iron oxide red and talcum powder water-based pigment; the filler is any one or mixture of zinc phosphate, aluminum tripolyphosphate and silicon micropowder;
the defoaming agent is polyether siloxane copolymer selected from 108F of the Dow chemical; the leveling agent is a modified polyurea solution and is selected from BYK-420 of Bike Germany; the thickener is associated polyurethane thickener, and is CI-Z090 of a new material of Guangdong Nanhui.
The waterborne epoxy resin curing agent is selected from STW703B in Shanghai fine chemical engineering, and the anti-flash rust agent is selected from CK-25 in Qingdao Enze chemical engineering.
The specific preparation method of the water-based epoxy primer is as follows:
step one, preparing a component A: weighing the components according to the formula ratio, adding 4/5 of deionized water, a dispersant and a surfactant under stirring at the rotating speed of 300-400r/min, stirring for 10-15min after adding, uniformly mixing, then adding various pigments and fillers, and stirring for 20-30min at a high speed of 800-1000r/min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 25 mu m to obtain ground slurry; adding the water-based epoxy emulsion, the defoaming agent, the adhesion promoter, the flatting agent and 1/5 of deionized water into the ground slurry under the stirring of 600-800r/min, stirring for 10-15min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the viscosity to 3000-3500mPa & s (60 r/min and 25 ℃ of a rotary viscometer 4# rotor) by using a thickening agent, and stirring for 5-10min after the addition is finished to obtain a component A;
step two, preparing a component B: uniformly mixing a waterborne epoxy resin curing agent, an anti-flash rust agent and deionized water to obtain a component B;
and thirdly, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of (8-12) to 1 to obtain the multicolor low-gloss water-based paint for the railway passenger car and the water-based epoxy primer product.
The following specific description describes the method of using the multi-color low-gloss water-based paint primer and top coat composition for railway carriages as follows:
firstly, removing welding slag, burrs and oil stain impurities generated in the surface processing process of a metal base material of a railway carriage, and then spraying sand to remove rust; the workpiece after sand blasting is completely free of oxide scale, rust and dirt, the roughness reaches Ry5=25 to 30 mu m, and the cleanliness of the metal surface after rust removal reaches Sa2.5 grade specified in GB/T8923.1-2011;
the step is a preparation process of a test plate: according to the regulation of GB/T1727, a cold-rolled steel plate or a tin plate is polished by 400-800-mesh sand paper and cleaned, the roughness reaches Ry5= 25-30 mu m, and the cleanliness reaches Sa2.5 grade specified in GB/T8923.1-2011 for later use.
Secondly, performing air spraying or high-pressure airless spraying on the water-based epoxy primer twice, wherein the dry film thickness of the coating is 70-80 μm, after construction, naturally drying the coating for more than 24 hours under the conditions of 15-35 ℃ and 30-70% of relative humidity, or placing the coating for 1-2h at 15-35 ℃, and then baking the coating for 1-2h at 60-80 ℃;
the spraying interval time of the two sprayed waterborne epoxy primers is 1.5 to 2h.
Thirdly, polishing after the primer coating is dried, polishing particles and sagging, roughening the surface of the paint film without exposing the bottom (allowing local convex points), then cleaning surface dust, scraping putty, leveling and polishing;
fourthly, after the putty layer is dried, spraying the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint, wherein the dry film thickness of the coating is 40-50 mu m, after construction, naturally drying for more than 24h under the conditions of 15-35 ℃ and 30-70% of relative humidity, or placing for 1-2h at 15-35 ℃ and then baking for 1-2h at 60-80 ℃; thus obtaining the multicolor low-gloss water-based coating.
In the process of spraying the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint, an air spraying or high-pressure airless spraying construction mode is adopted, after the primer paint is dried, the primer paint is polished by 1000-1500-mesh sand paper, after the surface is cleaned, dust is treated cleanly, 2 times of spraying the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint in a wet-on-wet mode are carried out, and the spraying interval time of 2 times of spraying is 1.5-2h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint disclosed by the invention uses self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin, no or little extinction powder is added to adjust the gloss of the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint, the paint film has stable gloss and long maintenance time, the requirement on the gloss of the outer surface of a 160 km/h power-concentrated multiple motor train unit is met, and the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint has a cost advantage.
(2) The water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint product is added with water-based environment-friendly pigment and organic color paste to form solid-color finish paint with various colors, and meets the external surface decoration requirement of 160km power concentration renaissance motor train unit.
(3) The component A and the component B of the waterborne epoxy primer form good adhesion with a metal substrate after crosslinking reaction and curing, are matched with the component A and the component B of the waterborne acrylic polyurethane finish after crosslinking reaction and curing, and are tightly combined to form an integral composite coating, thereby providing excellent corrosion resistance and weather resistance protection for the metal substrate.
(4) The product of the invention takes water as a diluent, and adds the water-based resin emulsion and the pigment without heavy metal, thereby greatly reducing the content of volatile organic compounds, being ecological and environment-friendly, being non-combustible and non-explosive, and basically eliminating potential safety hazards.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
preparing a water-based acrylic polyurethane A component, feeding 100kg of the total amount, adding 12.64kg of deionized water, 11kg of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin sk6480, 0.05kg of defoaming agent Foamex8030, 0.1kg of dispersing agent Zeta Sperse 3100 and 3.0kg of wetting agent TRITON X-405 into a clean reaction kettle under stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min, stirring for 10min after the deionized water is added, slowly adding 0.1kg of rheological additive RM-8W, increasing the rotating speed to 600r/min, stirring for 15min, then adding 3.5kg of rutile titanium dioxide and 2kg of carbon black, increasing the rotating speed to 800r/min, and performing high-speed dispersion stirring for 20min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 15 mu m to obtain ground slurry; stirring the ground slurry at 600r/min, adding 44kg of hydroxyl-containing waterborne acrylic resin sk6480, 15kg of self-extinction waterborne polyurethane resin PU-210, 0.05kg of defoaming agent Foamex8030,5kg of cosolvent, 0.2kg of flatting agent HY5030 and 3.16kg of deionized water, stirring for 10min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the outflow time to 30-40s (ISO 6 cup, 25 ℃) by using 0.2kg of thickener Acrysol RM-2020, and stirring for 5min after the addition is finished; adding 0.8kg of yellow slurry and 0.2kg of red slurry without adding matting agent for toning, and stirring for 5min to obtain a component A;
preparing a water-based acrylic polyurethane component B, and uniformly mixing 80kg of hydrophilic modified polyisocyanate and 20kg of solvent propylene glycol diacetate according to the total amount of 100kg of feeding materials to obtain the component B.
Preparing a water-based epoxy primer A component, adding 100kg of deionized water, 1.5kg of a dispersing agent AK-4040 and 0.25kg of a surfactant Surfadol 541DPM into a clean reaction kettle under stirring at a rotating speed of 300r/min, stirring for 10min after the adding, uniformly mixing, then adding 10kg of rutile titanium dioxide, 0.32kg of iron oxide red, 4.5kg of talcum powder, 6kg of zinc phosphate, 11kg of aluminum tripolyphosphate and 4kg of silicon micropowder, and increasing the rotating speed to 800r/min to perform high-speed dispersion stirring for 20min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 25 mu m to obtain ground slurry; adding 40kg of aqueous epoxy emulsion AB-EP-20, 0.15kg of defoamer 108F, 0.35kg of adhesion promoter AK-4040, 0.3kg of flatting agent BYK-420 and 4.286kg of deionized water into the ground slurry under stirring at 600r/min, stirring for 10min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the viscosity to 3200mPa & s (60 r/min of a 4# rotor of a rotational viscometer and 25 ℃) by using 0.2kg of thickener CI-Z090, and stirring for 5min after the addition is finished to obtain a component A;
preparing a water-based epoxy primer B component, and uniformly mixing 50kg of water-based epoxy resin curing agent STW703B, 10kg of flash rust inhibitor CK-25 and 40kg of deionized water according to 100kg of total feeding to obtain the B component;
example 2:
preparing a water-based acrylic polyurethane component, feeding 100kg of the total amount, adding 8.96kg of deionized water, 12kg of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin GS359, 0.1kg of defoaming agent Foamex3062, 0.2kg of dispersing agent Tego Dispers 755W and 2.5kg of wetting agent TRITON X-405 into a clean reaction kettle under stirring at a rotating speed of 350r/min, stirring for 12min after the deionized water is added, slowly adding 0.2kg of rheological additive RM-12W, increasing the rotating speed to 700r/min, stirring for 15min, then adding 5kg of rutile titanium dioxide, increasing the rotating speed to 900r/min, and performing high-speed dispersion stirring for 25min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 15 mu m to obtain ground slurry; stirring the ground slurry at 700r/min, adding 48kg of hydroxyl-containing waterborne acrylic resin GS359, 10kg of self-extinction waterborne polyurethane resin A-20802, 0.1kg of defoaming agent Foamex3062,4kg of cosolvent, 0.4kg of flatting agent HY5030 and 2.24kg of deionized water, stirring for 13min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the outflow time to 35s (ISO 6 cup, 25 ℃) by using 0.2kg of thickener Acrysol RM-2020, and stirring for 8min after the addition is finished; adding 0.1kg of matting powder ED-30, stirring for 6min after adding, adding 5kg of yellow slurry and 1kg of green slurry for toning, and stirring for 7min to obtain a component A;
preparing a water-based acrylic polyurethane component B, and uniformly mixing 75kg of hydrophilic modified polyisocyanate and 25kg of solvent propylene glycol diacetate according to the total amount of 100kg of feeding materials to obtain the component B.
Preparing a water-based epoxy primer A component, adding 100kg of the total amount of the components, stirring at a rotating speed of 350r/min, adding 15.36kg of deionized water, 2.0kg of dispersant Coatosil MP200 and 0.3kg of surfactant Surfadol 541DPM into a clean reaction kettle, stirring for 12min after the addition is finished, uniformly mixing, then adding 8kg of rutile titanium dioxide, 0.35kg of iron oxide red, 4kg of talcum powder, 6kg of zinc phosphate, 10kg of aluminum tripolyphosphate and 4kg of silicon micropowder, and increasing the rotating speed to 900r/min for high-speed dispersion and stirring for 25min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 25 mu m to obtain ground slurry; adding 45kg of aqueous epoxy emulsion STW703A, 0.2kg of defoaming agent 108F, 0.45kg of adhesion promoter Coatosil MP200, 0.4kg of flatting agent BYK-420 and 3.84kg of deionized water into the ground slurry under the stirring of 700r/min, stirring for 12min after the addition, then adjusting the viscosity to 3300mPa & s (60 r/min of a rotational viscometer 4# rotor and 25 ℃) by using 0.1kg of thickener CI-Z090, and stirring for 8min after the addition to obtain a component A;
preparing a water-based epoxy primer B component, and uniformly mixing 55kg of water-based epoxy resin curing agent STW703B, 9kg of flash rust inhibitor CK-25 and 36kg of deionized water according to the total amount of 100kg of feeding materials to obtain the component B.
Example 3:
preparing a water-based acrylic polyurethane A component, feeding 100kg of the total amount, adding 9.04kg of deionized water, 12kg of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin sk6480, 0.15kg of defoaming agent Foamex8030, 0.3kg of dispersing agent PX4585 and 3.0kg of wetting agent TRITON X-405 into a clean reaction kettle under stirring at a rotating speed of 400r/min, stirring for 15min after the deionized water is added, uniformly mixing, slowly adding 0.2kg of rheological additive SCT-275, increasing the rotating speed to 800r/min, stirring for 20min, adding 9kg of rutile titanium dioxide and 1kg of carbon black, increasing the rotating speed to 1000r/min, and performing high-speed dispersion stirring for 30min to obtain pre-dispersed slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 15 mu m to obtain ground slurry; stirring the ground slurry at 800r/min, adding 48kg of hydroxyl-containing waterborne acrylic resin sk6480, 10kg of self-extinction waterborne polyurethane resin PU-210, 0.15kg of defoaming agent Foamex8030,4kg of cosolvent, 0.4kg of flatting agent HY5030 and 2.26kg of deionized water, stirring for 15min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the outflow time to 40s (ISO 6 cup, 25 ℃) by using 0.3kg of thickener Acrysol RM-2020, and stirring for 10min after the addition is finished; adding 0.1kg of matting powder C503, stirring for 8min after adding, adding 0.3kg of yellow slurry and 0.1kg of blue slurry for toning, and stirring for 10min to obtain a component A;
preparing a water-based acrylic polyurethane component B, and uniformly mixing 76kg of hydrophilic modified polyisocyanate and 24kg of propylene glycol diacetate serving as a solvent according to the total amount of 100kg of feeding materials to obtain the component B.
Preparing a water-based epoxy primer A component, adding 100kg of materials according to the total amount, stirring at a rotating speed of 400r/min, adding 16.4kg of deionized water, 2.0kg of dispersing agent AK-4040 and 0.3kg of surfactant Surfadol 541DPM into a clean reaction kettle, stirring for 15min after the addition is finished, uniformly mixing, then adding 8kg of rutile titanium dioxide, 0.35kg of iron oxide red, 4kg of talcum powder, 6kg of zinc phosphate, 11kg of aluminum tripolyphosphate and 4.5kg of silicon micropowder, and increasing the rotating speed to 1000r/min to perform high-speed dispersion stirring for 30min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 25 mu m to obtain ground slurry; adding 42kg of aqueous epoxy emulsion STW703A, 0.25kg of defoaming agent 108F, 0.4kg of adhesion promoter AK-4040, 0.5kg of flatting agent BYK-420 and 4.1kg of deionized water into the ground slurry under stirring at 800r/min, stirring for 15min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the viscosity to 3500mPa & s (60 r/min and 25 ℃ of a rotational viscometer 4# rotor) by using 0.2kg of thickener CI-Z090, and stirring for 10min after the addition is finished to obtain a component A;
preparing a water-based epoxy primer B component, and uniformly mixing 53kg of water-based epoxy resin curing agent STW703B, 9kg of anti-flash rust agent CK-25 and 38kg of deionized water according to the total amount of 100kg of feeding materials to obtain the B component.
Example 4:
preparing a water-based acrylic polyurethane A component, feeding 100kg of the total amount, adding 13.52kg of deionized water, 11kg of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin sk6480, 0.05kg of defoaming agent Foamex3062, 0.2kg of dispersing agent PX4585 and 2.5kg of wetting agent TRITON X-405 into a clean reaction kettle under stirring at a rotating speed of 400r/min, stirring for 13min after the deionized water is added, uniformly mixing, slowly adding 0.3kg of rheological additive RM-8W, increasing the rotating speed to 700r/min, stirring for 15min, then adding 11kg of rutile titanium dioxide and 1kg of carbon black, increasing the rotating speed to 900r/min, and performing high-speed dispersion stirring for 25min to obtain pre-dispersed slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 15 mu m to obtain ground slurry; stirring the ground slurry at 700r/min, adding 44kg of hydroxyl-containing waterborne acrylic resin sk6480, 5kg of self-extinction waterborne polyurethane resin A-20802, 0.05kg of defoaming agent Foamex3062,8kg of cosolvent, 0.2kg of flatting agent HY5030 and 2.26kg of deionized water, stirring for 13min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the outflow time for 35s (ISO 6 cup, 25 ℃) by using 0.3kg of thickener Acrysol RM-2020, and stirring for 8min after the addition is finished; adding 3.0kg of matting powder ED-30, stirring for 10min after adding, adding 0.1kg of permanent violet color paste and 0.1kg of blue color paste for toning, and stirring for 8min to obtain a component A;
preparing a water-based acrylic polyurethane component B, and uniformly mixing 80kg of hydrophilic modified polyisocyanate and 20kg of solvent propylene glycol diacetate according to the total amount of 100kg of feeding materials to obtain the component B.
Preparing a water-based epoxy primer A component, adding 100kg of materials according to the total amount, stirring at the rotating speed of 350r/min, adding 16.48kg of deionized water, 2.5kg of dispersant Coatosil MP200 and 0.35kg of surfactant Surfadol 541DPM into a clean reaction kettle, stirring for 12min after the addition is finished, uniformly mixing, then adding 9kg of rutile titanium dioxide, 0.35kg of iron oxide red, 3.5kg of talcum powder, 5kg of zinc phosphate, 10kg of aluminum tripolyphosphate and 4.5kg of silicon micropowder, and increasing the rotating speed to 900r/min to perform high-speed dispersion stirring for 25min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 25 mu m to obtain ground slurry; adding 43kg of water-based epoxy emulsion STW703A, 0.2kg of defoaming agent 108F, 0.4kg of adhesion promoter Coatosil MP200, 0.4kg of flatting agent BYK-420 and 4.12kg of deionized water into the ground slurry under the stirring of 750r/min, stirring for 12min after the addition is finished, then adjusting the viscosity to 3300mPa & s (60 r/min of a rotational viscometer 4# rotor and 25 ℃) by using 0.2kg of thickener CI-Z090, and stirring for 8min after the addition is finished to obtain a component A;
preparing a water-based epoxy primer B component, and uniformly mixing 55kg of water-based epoxy resin curing agent STW703B, 8kg of anti-flash rust agent CK-25 and 37kg of deionized water according to the total amount of 100kg of feeding materials to obtain the B component.
Example 5:
the method for using the multi-color low-gloss water-based paint primer and finish composition for the railway passenger car is illustrated by the embodiment 5, and comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a test plate, namely grinding and cleaning a cold-rolled steel plate or a tin plate by using 400-mesh sand paper according to the regulation of GB/T1727, wherein the average roughness is Ry5=25 mu m, and the cleanliness is Sa2.5 grade regulated by GB/T8923.1-2011;
the second step is that: spraying water-based epoxy primer, adopting an air spraying construction mode, respectively spraying 2 water-based epoxy primers of examples 1 to 4 on a prepared test plate in a wet-on-wet manner, wherein the spraying interval time of 2 times is 1.5h, the average thickness of a dry film of the coating is 75 mu m, after the construction is finished, firstly placing the test plate at 25 ℃ for 1.5h, and then baking the test plate at 70 ℃ for 1.5h;
thirdly, spraying water-based acrylic polyurethane finish: adopting an air spraying construction mode, after the primer coating is dried, polishing with 1000-mesh sand paper, cleaning the surface, then treating dust, respectively spraying 2 times of the waterborne acrylic polyurethane finish paints of the embodiments 1 to 4 in a wet-on-wet mode, wherein the spraying interval time of 2 times is 1.5h, the average thickness of the dry film of the coating is 45 mu m, after the construction is finished, firstly placing the coating at 25 ℃ for 1.5h, and then baking the coating at 70 ℃ for 1h to obtain the multicolor low-gloss waterborne composite coating for the railway carriage.
Effect evaluation and performance test:
the multi-color low-gloss water-based paint water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint and the water-based epoxy primer paint for the railway passenger cars prepared in the examples 1 to 4 are packaged and then are kept stand for 30 days at room temperature. After the test sample plate of the multicolor low-gloss water-based paint composition for the railway passenger car prepared by spraying in example 5 is dried and placed for 7 days under the environmental conditions of the temperature of 23 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 50 +/-5%, the listed items and test standards are tested according to the following table 1, and the test results are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 1 test items and test standards for the products
Table 2 examples 1-5 product performance test results
From the ratios of examples 1-4 and the test data in Table 2, it is clear that the use of the self-matting waterborne polyurethane resin can achieve the low gloss requirement of 60-70% (60 ℃) for solid-color top coats with little or no matting agent. The prepared water-based polyurethane finish paint and water-based epoxy primer composite coating has excellent chemical resistance, weather resistance, water resistance and salt spray resistance, and the mechanical property and color decoration meet the requirements of practical use and meet the requirements of Q/CR 581-2017. The content of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) is lower than 90g/L, which meets the requirement of environmental protection.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multicolor low-gloss water-based paint primer and finish composition for railway carriages is characterized in that: the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint comprises water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint and water-based epoxy primer paint, wherein the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint comprises: the component A comprises hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, a pigment, water-based organic color paste, a rheological additive, a leveling agent, a thickening agent, extinction powder, a cosolvent and deionized water; the component B is a water dispersible polyisocyanate curing agent;
the waterborne acrylic polyurethane finish paint comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by mass: 55-60 parts of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, 5-15 parts of self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin, 0.1-0.3 part of dispersing agent, 2.0-3.0 parts of wetting agent, 0.1-0.3 part of defoaming agent, 5-12 parts of pigment, 0.1-10 parts of water-based organic color paste, 0.1-0.3 part of rheological additive, 0.2-0.4 part of flatting agent, 0.2-0.3 part of thickening agent, 0-3 parts of extinction powder, 4-8 parts of cosolvent and 100 parts of deionized water; the component B comprises: 75-80 parts of water dispersible polyisocyanate and 20-25 parts of solvent; the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is (2-4) to 1; the preparation method of the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a component A: weighing the components according to the formula ratio, firstly adding 4/5 of deionized water, 1/5 of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, 1/2 of defoamer, dispersant and wetting agent under stirring at a rotating speed of 300-400r/min, stirring for 10-15min after the addition is finished, uniformly mixing, slowly adding rheological additive, increasing the rotating speed to 600-800r/min, stirring for 15-20min, then adding various pigments, and performing high-speed dispersion stirring at 800-1000r/min for 20-30min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 15 mu m to obtain ground slurry; adding 4/5 of hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin, self-extinction water-based polyurethane resin, 1/2 of defoaming agent, cosolvent, flatting agent and 1/5 of deionized water into the ground slurry under stirring at 600-800r/min, stirring for 10-15min after the addition, then adjusting the outflow time of an ISO6 cup at 25 ℃ to 30-40s by using a thickening agent, and stirring for 5-10min after the addition; selectively adding matting powder, adjusting the gloss to meet the requirement, stirring for 5-10min, mixing with aqueous organic color paste, and stirring for 5-10min to obtain component A;
step two, preparing a component B: uniformly mixing water-dispersible polyisocyanate with a solvent to obtain a component B;
thirdly, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of (2-4) to 1 to obtain a multicolor low-gloss water-based paint-water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint product for the railway passenger car;
the water-based epoxy primer comprises: the paint comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises a water-based epoxy emulsion, a dispersing agent, a surfactant, a pigment filler, an adhesion promoter, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a thickening agent and deionized water; the component B comprises a waterborne epoxy resin curing agent, an anti-flash rust agent and deionized water;
the waterborne epoxy primer comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-45 parts of water-based epoxy emulsion, 1.5-2.5 parts of dispersant, 0.25-0.35 part of surfactant, 32-38 parts of pigment and filler, 0.35-0.45 part of adhesion promoter, 0.15-0.25 part of defoamer, 0.3-0.5 part of flatting agent, 0.1-0.2 part of thickener and 100 parts of deionized water; the component B comprises: 50-55 parts of waterborne epoxy resin curing agent, 8-10 parts of anti-flash rust agent and 100 parts of deionized water for supplementing; the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is (8-12) to 1; the preparation method of the water-based epoxy primer comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a component A: weighing the components according to the formula ratio, adding 4/5 of deionized water, a dispersant and a surfactant under stirring at the rotating speed of 300-400r/min, stirring for 10-15min after adding, uniformly mixing, then adding various pigments and fillers, and performing high-speed dispersion stirring at the speed of 800-1000r/min for 20-30min to obtain pre-dispersion slurry; grinding the pre-dispersed slurry by a sand mill until the fineness is less than 25 mu m to obtain ground slurry; adding the ground slurry into aqueous epoxy emulsion, a defoaming agent, an adhesion promoter, a flatting agent and 1/5 of deionized water under stirring at 600-800r/min, stirring for 10-15min after adding, then adjusting the viscosity to 3000-3500mPa & s by using a thickening agent, and stirring for 5-10min after adding to obtain a component A;
step two, preparing a component B: uniformly mixing a waterborne epoxy resin curing agent, an anti-flash rust agent and deionized water to obtain a component B;
thirdly, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of (8-12) to 1 to obtain a multicolor low-gloss water-based paint-water-based epoxy primer product for the railway passenger car;
the water-based epoxy primer and the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint are sprayed on the surface of a metal base material of a railway carriage, the component A and the component B of the water-based epoxy primer form good adhesion with the metal base material after being subjected to crosslinking reaction and curing, and are matched with the component A and the component B of the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint after being subjected to crosslinking reaction and curing to form an integral composite coating in a tight combination manner.
2. The multicolor low gloss water based paint primer and finish composition for railway carriages of claim 1, characterized in that: the hydroxyl-containing water-based acrylic resin is selected from any one of sk6480 of Shanghai commandae chemical engineering or GS359 of Changzhou Guangshou chemical engineering technology;
the self-extinction aqueous acrylic polyurethane emulsion is selected from PU-210 model of Guangzhou Henyun-K New Material Co., ltd;
the dispersing agent is one or the mixture of ammonium salt solution and sodium salt solution of acrylate copolymer;
the wetting agent is a nonionic surfactant, and the nonionic surfactant comprises nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether;
the defoaming agent is polyether siloxane copolymer;
the pigment is any one or mixture of rutile titanium dioxide and carbon black; the water-based organic color paste is any one or mixture of more of permanent violet color paste, blue color paste, red color paste, yellow color paste and green color paste in the water-based paint color paste;
the rheological additive is nonionic hydrophobic modified polyurethane; the flatting agent is organic silicon; the thickening agent is an associative polyurethane thickening agent; the extinction powder is any one of Grace ED-3, ED-30 and C503; the cosolvent is any one or mixture of alcohol ethers;
the water dispersible polyisocyanate is aliphatic polyisocyanate, and the solvent is propylene glycol diacetate.
3. The multicolor low gloss water borne coating primer and topcoat compositions for railway carriages of claim 2, characterized in that:
the dispersing agent is any one of Zeta Sperse 3100, tego Dispers 755W and PX4585 of Basff which are Yingchuandi high additives; the wetting agent is TRITON X-405 manufactured by Dow corporation; the defoaming agent is selected from Foamex8030 and Foamex3062 of Digao company;
the nonionic hydrophobic modified polyurethane rheological aid is any one of RM-8W, RM-12W and Rohm and Haas SCT-275 of the Dow company; the organosilicon leveling agent is HY5030 of Beijing Maier chemical engineering; the associative polyurethane thickener is Rohm-2020, rohm and Haas;
the aliphatic polyisocyanate is aliphatic polyisocyanate of Fusmann technology.
4. The multicolor low gloss water borne coating primer and topcoat composition for railway carriages of claim 1, characterized in that:
the water-based epoxy emulsion is selected from any one of STW703A in Shanghai fine chemical engineering or AB-EP-20 in Zhejiang Anbang new materials;
the surfactant is selected from Surfadol 541DPM of Chongqing Aicko technology;
the dispersing agent is an anionic hydrophilic polymer solution;
the adhesion promoter is an organic silane coupling agent;
the pigment is any one or mixture of two of rutile titanium dioxide, iron oxide red and talcum powder water-based pigment; the filler is any one or mixture of zinc phosphate, aluminum tripolyphosphate and silicon micropowder;
the defoaming agent is polyether siloxane copolymer; the flatting agent is a modified polyurea solution; the thickening agent is an associated polyurethane thickening agent;
the waterborne epoxy resin curing agent is selected from STW703B in Shanghai fine chemical engineering, and the anti-flash rust agent is selected from CK-25 in Qingdao Enze chemical engineering.
5. The multicolor low gloss water borne coating primer and topcoat compositions for railway carriages of claim 4, characterized in that: the dispersant is AK-4040 of Bayer's Germany;
the adhesion promoter is Coatosil MP200 of the American Meyer diagram;
the defoaming agent is 108F of the Dow chemical; the leveling agent is BYK-420 of Bike Germany.
6. A method for using the multicolor low-gloss water-based paint primer and finish composition for the passenger train of any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, removing welding slag, burrs and oil stain impurities generated in the surface processing process of a metal base material of a railway carriage, and then spraying sand to remove rust; the workpiece after sand blasting completely removes oxide scale, rust and dirt, the roughness reaches Ry5=25 to 30 mu m, and the cleanliness of the metal surface after rust removal reaches Sa2.5 grade specified in GB/T8923.1-2011;
secondly, the water-based epoxy primer is sprayed twice by air spraying or high-pressure airless spraying, the dry film thickness of the coating is 70-80 μm, after construction is finished, the coating is naturally dried for more than 24 hours under the conditions of 15-35 ℃ and 30-70% of relative humidity, or the coating is placed at 15-35 ℃ for 1-2h and then baked for 1-2h under the conditions of 60-80 ℃;
thirdly, polishing after the primer coating is dried, polishing particles and sagging, roughening the surface of a paint film without exposing the bottom, then cleaning surface dust, scraping putty, leveling and polishing;
fourthly, after the putty layer is dried, spraying the water-based acrylic polyurethane finish paint, wherein the thickness of a dry film of the coating is 40 to 50 mu m, after construction is finished, naturally drying for more than 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15 to 35 ℃ and the relative humidity is 30 to 70%, or after the putty layer is placed for 1 to 2hours at 15 to 35 ℃, baking for 1 to 2hours at the temperature of 60 to 80 ℃; thus obtaining the multicolor low-gloss water-based coating.
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