CN113201267B - Light flame-retardant abradable seal coating material - Google Patents

Light flame-retardant abradable seal coating material Download PDF

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CN113201267B
CN113201267B CN202110386669.9A CN202110386669A CN113201267B CN 113201267 B CN113201267 B CN 113201267B CN 202110386669 A CN202110386669 A CN 202110386669A CN 113201267 B CN113201267 B CN 113201267B
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component
coating
epoxy resin
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coating material
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CN113201267A (en
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崔海霞
陈磊
吴平
张岳
周惠娣
陈建敏
李红轩
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Beijing Lantian Hangyuan New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/60Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/60Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/63Additives non-macromolecular organic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/70Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Epoxy Resins (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a light flame-retardant abradable seal coating material which is divided into a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises phenolic aldehyde amine, hollow glass beads, 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, ether-containing diamine and triphenyl phosphite; the component B comprises bisphenol A type epoxy resin, hollow glass beads, brominated epoxy resin and antimony trioxide. Respectively and uniformly mixing the raw materials of the component A and the component B according to a proportion; when in use, the A and the B are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.5-1: 2, and are uniformly stirred; the coating is uniformly coated on the surface of the part by a blade coating method, and can be cured at room temperature to form a sealing coating with an abradable function. The coating has good adhesive force, is used among different parts of an aeroengine, plays roles of gap control and edge sealing, can effectively improve the efficiency of the engine, provides excellent abradability and airflow erosion resistance, and most importantly, has low density and does not excessively increase the oil consumption of the engine.

Description

Light flame-retardant abradable seal coating material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a light flame-retardant abradable seal coating material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials.
Background
The rapid development of the aeronautical industry places increasing demands on aircraft engines, and high thrust, high efficiency, low fuel consumption have become an overall goal of engine design and manufacture. In order to do this, the turbine inlet gas temperature should be increased as much as possible and the clearance between the rotor and stator components should be reduced. The gas path sealing technology for reducing the clearance between the compressor, the turbine blade tip and the casing becomes an important means for improving the performance of the engine. The ideal seal coating should have good surface quality, good thermal stability, low coefficient of friction and good adhesion to the substrate material, and should have sufficient strength to resist erosion by external particles and air currents, yet be capable of being shaved, with the coating being shaved without wear of the blade tips and without shedding of the coating when the blades make frictional contact with the coating.
Compared with a metal sealing material, the non-metal sealing material can better protect a rotating part matched with the non-metal sealing material from abrasion, and the service life of the engine is prolonged. Particularly, with the development of a large bypass ratio engine, the sealing coating of a fan/booster stage part at a low-temperature section cannot meet the use requirement of the large bypass ratio engine in the aspects of process and application requirements due to larger size, and a non-metal sealing material is widely applied due to the advantages of small density, simple forming process, small part deformation, good maintainability and the like, for example, a foreign 3M EC3524 sealing material takes hollow glass beads as a filling material and has extremely low density of 0.52-0.54 g/M3The coating has simple production and coating process and good maintainability, and is widely used at present.
At present, the sealing material used in China is mainly a hot-sprayed metal and ceramic composite sealing coating and is mainly applied to high-temperature components of a high-pressure compressor and a high-pressure turbine of an engine. Relatively few research works are carried out on non-metal sealing coating materials used at the parts of the low-pressure compressor and the fan. The HS-100 abradable talcum powder coating material developed by Lanzhou chemical and physical research institute of Chinese academy of sciences is mainly used for sealing rings, semi-rings of stators and certain shaft sleeves of aero-engine compressor casings, has stable performance and good actual use effect, but the curing temperature is required to reach 180 ℃. On the basis, the developed HS-200 (surface layer) and HS-201 (primer) talcum powder are filled with the abradable coating, can be cured at room temperature, have more excellent material performance, and are used in batches on the prior model. Compared with 3M EC3524, the density of the two abradable coatings is larger and is 1.5-1.9 g/M3In the meantime.
With the development of engines with large bypass ratio in China, the sealing coating on the fan/supercharging stage part has larger part size and the related substrate is made of composite materials, so that the abradable coating cured by heating and having high density can not meet the use requirement, and the development of a novel light nonmetal sealing coating material is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light flame-retardant abradable sealing material and a preparation method thereof, which are used for controlling gaps between a rotating part and a non-rotating part and playing the roles of sealing air and oil at low-pressure gas compressors and fan parts of aircraft engines.
The invention relates to a light flame-retardant abradable seal coating material which is prepared from the following raw materials and processes:
raw materials: the composition comprises an A component and a B component, wherein the A component comprises: 30-60 wt% of phenolic aldehyde amine, 10-30 wt% of hollow glass beads, 5-10 wt% of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 5-10 wt% of aliphatic ether-containing diamine and 1-5 wt% of triphenyl phosphite; and B component: 40-70 wt% of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 10-30 wt% of hollow glass beads, 10-30 wt% of brominated epoxy resin and 1-5 wt% of antimony trioxide.
The raw materials are functionally divided into base materials, fillers, curing agents and auxiliaries. Wherein the base material is bisphenol A epoxy resin and brominated epoxy resin. The bisphenol A type epoxy resin has strong adhesive force to various materials, particularly to metals, strong chemical corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength and good electrical insulation. Furthermore, epoxy resins can be cured over a relatively wide temperature range and have a reduced volume shrinkage upon curing. The epoxy value of the bisphenol A epoxy resin is 0.44-0.54. The brominated epoxy resin has excellent electrical insulation and adhesion properties of common epoxy resins, and also has excellent self-flame resistance. The bromine content of the brominated epoxy resin adopted by the invention is 18-21%, and the solid content is 80%.
The filler is hollow glass beads, and the coating layer prepared by the filler has smooth, fine, pressure-resistant and light surface; meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the coating can be obviously improved and is close to that of the substrate aluminum and steel; and has the characteristics of strong binding force, long service life, no shedding and the like. The particle size D90 of the hollow glass beads is not more than 85um, and the real density is 0.27-0.39 g/cm3
The phenolic aldehyde amine curing agent is selected from phenolic aldehyde amine and aliphatic amine, wherein the phenolic aldehyde amine curing agent is a compound formed by a Mannich reaction based on cardanol, formaldehyde, characteristic amine and the like. The curing agent product has various advantages of the Mannich reaction curing agent, such as ultra-fast curing, low-temperature curing (even lower than 0 ℃), excellent chemical resistance, good appearance surface, high-humidity surface curing performance and the like. Meanwhile, the curing agent has a long aliphatic side chain which is unique to cardanol, so that the curing agent has the advantages of long operation period, excellent toughness, low surface treatment requirement, excellent water resistance, excellent salt water resistance and the like. The curing agent phenol aldehyde amine has a viscosity of 500 to 1500cPs (at 25 ℃) and an amine value of 320 to 360mg KOH/g. As a novel flexible epoxy resin curing agent, the aliphatic ether-containing diamine not only improves the flexibility of a cured product, but also overcomes the defects of high toxicity and skin irritation of a simple aliphatic polyamine curing agent. The aliphatic amine ether-containing diamine adopts diethylene glycol di (3-aminopropyl) ether.
The auxiliary agent comprises a curing accelerator, an antioxidant stabilizer and a flame retardant. The curing accelerator is 2,4, 6-tri (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, can promote the epoxy resin to be completely cured in a relatively short time, and can also properly improve the bonding strength. The antioxidant stabilizer adopts triphenyl phosphite, has a light stabilizing effect, can be used together with epoxy resin and bromine-containing epoxy resin, can reduce the harm of metal chloride, and can play a role in resisting oxidation of the flame retardant. The flame retardant adopts antimony trioxide, and has good synergistic effect when being used together with the halide (R.HX), and the flame retardant effect is obviously improved. Antimony trioxide was analytically pure.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials of the component A and the component B according to a proportion, and respectively and uniformly mixing to obtain a component A coating and a component B coating; when the light flame-retardant abradable seal coating is used, the component A coating and the component B coating are uniformly stirred according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.5-1: 2, the mixture is uniformly coated on the surface of a part by using a scraper or a spatula, and the light flame-retardant abradable seal coating is obtained after the coating is used within 1.5 h.
The coating can be polished and processed after being placed for 2 hours at room temperature, can be cured after 24 hours, and can be cured completely after 5 days as the curing strength is increased along with the increase of time. The thickness of the coating can be adjusted according to the use requirements.
The main properties of the coating prepared by the invention are as follows:
1. the appearance of the paint is as follows: uniform and without foreign matter, putty-like filling glue.
2. Coating appearance and processability: uniform, continuous, no obvious bubble, no block dropping and no falling off during machining.
3. Coating density: 0.52-0.65 g/cm 3.
4. Shore D hardness (24 ℃): 55-65, Shore durometer.
5. Bending strength: 18-26 MPa, universal material testing machine, GB/T9341.
6. Shear strength: 10-15 MPa, universal material testing machine, aluminum alloy test piece single lap joint test, GB/T7124.
7. Tensile strength: 10-15 MPa, using a universal material testing machine, wherein a test bar is made of No. 45 steel, has the diameter of 25mm and the length of 100mm, turning threads on the outer diameter of the test bar, uniformly coating the prepared coating on the surface of the tension bar, bonding the two tension bars together, vertically placing and curing. The tensile strength test speed (0.76-1.27) mm/min.
8. Dynamic mechanical analysis DMA: 55-60 ℃ (Tg).
9. Temperature-time aging test: the compressive strength was measured under the conditions of 24 ℃ X100 h, 121 ℃ X100 h (hot air), 149 ℃ X100 h (hot air). In particular, see the following table:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
10. flame retardant property: the flame is quickly extinguished after removal, corresponding to a maximum requirement of 15 seconds, FAR 25.
11. Storage life of the coating: the product is stored under the condition of-30 to 30 ℃ in a sealed manner, and the storage period is 12 months.
The performance and the application of the invention are as follows: the coating prepared by the invention has smooth and fine surface, pressure resistance, small density, light weight, proper adhesive strength and self strength, excellent abradability, erosion resistance and flame retardant property, low density and light weight. The radial air flow gap is effectively reduced by controlling the gap and edge sealing when being used for the gaps among the air compressor, the turbine blade tip and the casing, so that the maximum pressure difference is obtained, the efficiency of the engine is obviously improved, and the oil consumption is reduced; when the blade tip and the sealing material are scraped by mutual friction, the sealing material is worn and scraped, and the minimum clearance of the engine in the actual working state is obtained on the premise of not damaging the blade; under the impact of high-speed airflow, the coating does not generate the phenomena of crack, block falling, falling and the like.
Detailed Description
The components, preparation process and properties of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Raw materials: the component A comprises: 4.0g of phenalkamine, hollow glass beads (density 0.38 g/cm)3D90: 65 um), 5.0g, 1.0g of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 3g of diethylene glycol bis (3-aminopropyl) ether and 1.0g of triphenyl phosphite. And B component: 8.0g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (epoxy value is 0.44), 5.0g of hollow glass beads, 6.0g of brominated epoxy resin and 1.0g of antimony trioxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the raw materials of the component A and the component B are weighed according to the weight and are respectively stirred evenly by manual stirring and mechanical stirring. And mixing the components A and B, stirring uniformly in a manual stirring and mechanical stirring manner to obtain a uniform color, and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the part by using a scraper or a spatula, wherein the coating is required to be finished within 1.5 h.
The coating can be cured after being placed for 24 hours at room temperature, the shear strength is 14MPa, and the tensile strength is 13 MPa; after curing for 48 hours, the shear strength is 15MPa, and the tensile strength is 14 MPa; coating density 0.65g/cm3. Other properties all meet the main performance indexes of the material.
Example 2
The component A comprises: 5.0g of phenolic aldehyde amine, hollow glass beads (density 0.38 g/cm)3D90: 65 um) 6.0g, 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol 0.7g, diethylene glycol bis (3-aminopropyl) ether 2.0g, triphenyl phosphite 0.7 g;
and B component: 7.0g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (epoxy value is 0.54), 6.0g of HL38 hollow glass beads, 7.0g of brominated epoxy resin and 0.6g of antimony trioxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the hollow glass beads are sieved firstly, and the mesh number is 400. And weighing the raw materials of the component A and the component B according to the weight, and respectively stirring the raw materials uniformly by manual stirring and mechanical stirring. And mixing the components A and B, stirring uniformly in a manual stirring and mechanical stirring manner to obtain a uniform color, and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the part by using a scraper or a spatula, wherein the coating is required to be finished within 1.5 h.
The coating can be cured after being placed for 24 hours at room temperature, and the shear strength is 13MPa, and the tensile strength is 12 MPa; after curing for 48 hours, the shear strength is 13MPa, and the tensile strength is 13 MPa; coating density 0.55g/cm3. Other properties meet the main performance indexes of the materials.
Example 3
The component A comprises: 6.0g of phenolic aldehyde amine, hollow glass beads (density 0.35 g/cm)3D90: 70 um) 6.0g, 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol 0.5g, diethylene glycol bis (3-aminopropyl) ether 1.0g, triphenyl phosphite 0.5 g;
and B component: 8.0g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (epoxy value is 0.52), 5.5g of hollow glass beads, 6.0g of brominated epoxy resin and 0.5g of antimony trioxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, the hollow glass beads are floated to remove broken components and dried. And weighing the raw materials of the component A and the component B according to the weight, and respectively stirring the raw materials uniformly by manual stirring and mechanical stirring. And then the components A and B are stirred uniformly and in consistent color by manual stirring and mechanical stirring, and are uniformly coated on the surface of the part by a scraper or a spatula, and the coating is finished within 1.5 h.
The coating can be cured after being placed for 24 hours at room temperature, and the shear strength is 11MPa, and the tensile strength is 11 MPa; after curing for 48 hours, the shear strength is 13MPa, and the tensile strength is 12 MPa; coating density 0.52g/cm3. Other properties all meet the main performance indexes of the material.
Example 4
The component A comprises: 6.0g of phenolic aldehyde amine, hollow glass beads (density 0.31 g/cm)3D90: 85 um) 6.0g, 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol 0.5g, diethylene glycol bis (3-aminopropyl) ether 1g, triphenyl phosphite 0.5 g;
and B component: 7.0g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (epoxy value is 0.51), 6.0g of hollow glass beads, 7.0g of brominated epoxy resin and 0.5g of antimony trioxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, the hollow glass beads are floated to remove broken components and dried. And weighing the raw materials of the component A and the component B according to the weight, and respectively stirring the raw materials uniformly by manual stirring and mechanical stirring. And then the components A and B are stirred uniformly and in consistent color by manual stirring and mechanical stirring, and are uniformly coated on the surface of the part by a scraper or a spatula, and the coating is finished within 1.5 h.
The coating can be cured after being placed for 24 hours at room temperature, and the shear strength is 10MPa and the tensile strength is 11 MPa; after curing for 48 hours, the shear strength is 11MPa, and the tensile strength is 12 MPa; coating density 0.50g/cm3. Other properties all meet the main performance indexes of the material.

Claims (7)

1. A light flame-retardant abradable seal coating material is prepared from the following raw materials and processes:
raw materials: the composition comprises an A component and a B component, wherein the A component comprises: 30-60 wt% of phenolic aldehyde amine, 10-30 wt% of hollow glass beads, 5-10 wt% of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 5-10 wt% of aliphatic ether-containing diamine and 1-5 wt% of triphenyl phosphite, wherein the sum of the raw material contents of the component A is 100 wt%; and B component: 40-70 wt% of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 10-30 wt% of hollow glass beads, 10-30 wt% of brominated epoxy resin and 1-5 wt% of antimony trioxide;
the preparation process comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials of the component A and the component B according to a proportion, and respectively and uniformly mixing to obtain a component A coating and a component B coating; when the light flame-retardant wearable sealing coating is used, the component A coating and the component B coating are uniformly stirred according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.5-1: 2, and are uniformly coated on the surface of a part by using a scraper or a spatula, and the light flame-retardant wearable sealing coating is obtained after the coating is finished within 1.5 h;
the particle size D90 of the hollow glass bead is as follows: 65 to 85 μm.
2. A lightweight flame retardant abradable seal coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the epoxy value of the bisphenol A epoxy resin is 0.44-0.54.
3. A lightweight flame retardant abradable seal coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the brominated epoxy resin has a bromine content of 18-21% and a solid content of 80%.
4. A lightweight flame retardant abradable seal coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the true density of the hollow glass beads is 0.27-0.39 g/cm3
5. A lightweight flame retardant abradable seal coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the phenolic aldehyde amine curing agent has a viscosity of 500 to 1500cPs at 25 ℃ and an amine value of 320 to 360mg KOH/g.
6. A lightweight flame retardant abradable seal coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aliphatic ether-containing diamine is diethylene glycol bis (3-aminopropyl) ether.
7. A lightweight flame retardant abradable seal coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: antimony trioxide was analytically pure.
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CN103819871A (en) * 2013-12-11 2014-05-28 青岛海洋新材料科技有限公司 Solid buoyancy material

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103819871A (en) * 2013-12-11 2014-05-28 青岛海洋新材料科技有限公司 Solid buoyancy material

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