CN113197649A - Novel tibia posterolateral platform bone fracture plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel tibia posterolateral plateau bone fracture plate which comprises a bone fracture plate body, wherein the bone fracture plate body is L-shaped and is divided into a near plateau section and a far plateau section, the near plateau section is of an inward-bent cambered surface structure and accords with the anatomical structure characteristics of a tibia posterolateral plateau, the far plateau section is of a slope structure and a plane structure, the slope structure is smoothly connected with the near plateau section, the near plateau section is sequentially provided with near plateau Kirschner wire holes and near plateau locking holes from top to bottom, the near plateau locking holes are provided with a plurality of holes and are distributed in a row along the near plateau section, and the far plateau section is sequentially provided with far plateau upper Kirschner wire holes, far plateau upper locking holes, far plateau lower locking holes and far plateau lower Kirschner wire holes from top to bottom. The width and the curvature of this device are according to the design of outer side platform anatomical structure behind the shin bone, are dissected the lockplate, need not moulding in the art just can closely laminate with the cortex lycii, neither can reduce coaptation board intensity, also can not prolong operation time.

Description

Novel tibia posterolateral platform bone fracture plate

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a novel tibia posterolateral platform bone fracture plate.

Background

A typical trauma mechanism for a posterolateral tibial plateau fracture is that the knee joint undergoes combined valgus and axial violence in flexion or semi-flexion. As the load bearing point of the tibial plateau at the flexion position moves backwards, the lateral femoral condyle top hits the lateral posterior side of the tibial plateau, resulting in fracture of the part. The posterolateral fracture of the tibial plateau can occur independently and can also occur in combination with fractures of other parts of the tibial plateau. Simple posterior lateral tibial plateau fractures are hidden on X-ray films, sometimes only the local density of the lateral tibial plateau is reduced or increased, and missed diagnosis is easy. Clinically, when the posterolateral fracture of the tibial plateau is serious, the fracture end is generally fixed by adopting a bone fracture plate anatomical internal fixation mode. The existing bone fracture plate for the posterolateral fracture of the tibial plateau has a plurality of defects, such as: the head of the bone fracture plate is not provided with the Kirschner wire hole, so that the bone fracture plate cannot be temporarily fixed in the operation, the joint cavity is not easy to be preliminarily positioned, a locking screw is easy to place in the joint cavity, and the joint capsule is not convenient to fix and suture when being torn; the distal end of the bone plate is not provided with the Kirschner wire hole, so that the distal section is easy to warp and not attached to the bone surface when the proximal end is fixed, and the temporary fixation and the position determination of the bone plate at the distal end are not facilitated; the longer bone fracture plate body is not provided with the Kirschner wire hole, so that the fracture range is large, and small bone blocks cannot be fixed during comminuted fracture; except that round-head bone fracture plates (mainly used for fracture of posterior cruciate ligament at a tibia endpoint) are bone fracture plates for posterior-lateral fixation, no bone fracture plates for posterior-lateral platform fracture exist at present, and most of the bone fracture plates are posterior and lateral bone fracture plates and need to be shaped; the bone fracture plate is provided with more locking holes, so that stress concentration is easily caused, and the risk of secondary fracture is increased; the body of the bone fracture plate is not provided with the Kirschner wire hole, so that the forceps jaws of a large point type reduction forceps can not be used for reduction and fixation, the width of the tibial plateau in the front-back direction is recovered, better anatomical reduction is not facilitated, the bone and the bone fracture plate are not facilitated to be attached, and the risk of repeated drilling and nail setting in the operation is increased; the bone fracture plate is long in setting length, large in operation incision, large in wound to a patient, and capable of increasing risks of muscle, soft tissue and vascular nerve injuries. Therefore, a new tibial posterolateral plateau plate is needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel tibia posterolateral plateau bone fracture plate to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a novel outer side platform coaptation board behind shin bone, includes the coaptation board body, the coaptation board body is whole to be L shape, divide into nearly platform section and far platform section, nearly platform section is the cambered surface structure of incurving, accords with outer side platform anatomical structure characteristics behind the shin bone, far platform section adopts inclined plane structure and planar structure, inclined plane structure and nearly platform section smooth connection, nearly platform section from the top down opens in proper order has nearly platform ke shi pinhole and nearly platform locking hole, nearly platform locking hole is equipped with a plurality ofly to arrange into one row along nearly platform section and distribute, far platform section from the top down opens in proper order has on the platform of far away hole, on the platform of far away locking hole, locking hole under the platform of far away and the platform ke shi pinhole under far away.

Preferably, the k-wire hole under the far platform is located at the lower end of the far platform section, the k-wire hole on the far platform and the locking hole on the far platform are located on the inclined plane structure, and the k-wire hole under the far platform are located on the plane structure.

Preferably, the number of the Kirschner wire holes on the near platform is 2, and the Kirschner wire holes are distributed along the near platform section from left to right.

Preferably, a lead groove is formed in the upper end edge of the back face of the near platform section and is communicated with the near platform Kirschner wire hole.

Preferably, the near platform locking holes are provided with 3 and are uniformly distributed along the near platform section.

Preferably, the edge of the bone plate body is of a smooth cambered surface structure.

Preferably, the thickness of the bone fracture plate body is 2-2.5mm, the length is 3.3-5.3cm, and the width is 0.8-3.3 cm.

The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: the width and the curvature of the device are designed according to the anatomical structure of a tibia posterior lateral platform, the device is an anatomical locking plate, the device can be tightly attached to bone cortex without moulding in an operation, the strength of the bone fracture plate is not reduced, the operation time is not prolonged, and the bone fracture plate fills the blank that no anatomical bone fracture plate specially aiming at the tibia posterior lateral platform exists at present (the existing round-head bone fracture plate is mainly used for fracture of a posterior cruciate ligament at a tibia stopping point); the adjacent locking holes of the bone fracture plate are spaced at a certain distance, so that the bone fracture plate has strong integrity and high strength, and the risk of failure of internal fixation after operation is reduced; the bone fracture plate is short in overall length, and can be placed in a minimally invasive small incision in an operation, so that the trauma of a patient caused by the operation is reduced, and the risk of muscle, soft tissue and vascular nerve injury is reduced; the bone fracture plate is provided with Kirschner wire holes and locking holes at the part close to the tibial plateau (the near plateau section) and the part far away from the tibial plateau (the far plateau section), the hole channels are distributed relatively uniformly, and the bone fracture plate is suitable for simple tibial posterolateral plateaus and certain complex fractures; the bone fracture plate is thinned and designed into an arc shape at the position close to the tibia rear outer side platform, and can be attached to the bone surface by being inserted into the bone fracture plate, so that the friction injury of tendons, ligaments and soft tissues is reduced; the edge of the bone plate is designed into a curved surface, so that friction with soft tissues is reduced, postoperative discomfort is reduced, and early exercise and rehabilitation treatment are facilitated; the near platform section of the bone fracture plate has reasonable design range and is designed in an arc-shaped anatomical mode and can be used for treating large fracture blocks or comminuted fractures; the Kirschner wire holes are formed in the two ends of the bone fracture plate and can be used for temporary fixation, and the Kirschner wires are placed in the Kirschner wire holes (near-platform Kirschner wire holes) in the near-platform section of the bone fracture plate, so that an operator can judge whether the bone fracture plate is placed at a proper position and whether the implanted screws enter the joint cavity; a Kirschner wire is placed in a Kirschner wire hole (Kirschner wire hole under the far platform) of the far platform section of the bone plate to penetrate through a single skin of the tibia, so that the position of the bone plate can be finely adjusted to help fix the bone plate in the middle of the tibia, and the Kirschner wire hole on the far platform can be used for fixing special fractures (such as broken bone blocks) and facilitating temporary fixation near fracture lines at the fracture end of a clamp; the far platform section of the bone fracture plate is provided with a locking hole on the far platform, and the locking hole can be combined with a Kirschner wire hole on the far platform to fine adjust the fracture end and maintain the fixation after pressurization, so that the bone surface is more attached to the bone fracture plate, and perfect anatomical reduction is achieved; the Kirschner wire hole under the far platform of the bone fracture plate can be used for finely adjusting the position of the bone fracture plate and assisting in fixing the bone fracture plate in the middle of the tibia, and the position of the far platform section and the position of the bone fracture plate are locked by combining with the locking hole under the far platform, so that the fracture end is further strengthened and fixed; fills the blank of no special anatomical bone fracture plate for the tibia posterolateral platform. The tibia rear side platform fracture is usually deviated to the inner side or the outer side, patients with complete fracture of the whole rear side platform are few, the anatomical structures and the characteristics of the inner side and the outer side of the tibia rear side platform are completely different, the surface structures are uneven, the radians are different, the bone fracture plate is specially used for the tibia rear outer side platform, the actual practicability is achieved, specific treatment can be conducted on specific types of fracture, and unnecessary trauma and injury are reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention.

In the figure: the bone fracture plate comprises a bone fracture plate body, 2-a near platform section, 3-a far platform section, 4-a slope structure, 5-a plane structure, 6-a near platform Kirschner wire hole, 7-a near platform locking hole, 8-a far platform Kirschner wire hole, 9-a far platform upper locking hole, 10-a far platform lower locking hole, 11-a far platform lower Kirschner wire hole and 12-a lead wire groove.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements.

Example 1

The novel tibia posterolateral plateau bone fracture plate comprises a bone fracture plate body 1, wherein the bone fracture plate body 1 is L-shaped and is divided into a near plateau section 2 and a far plateau section 3, the thickness of the bone fracture plate body is 2-2.5mm, the length of the bone fracture plate body is 3.3-5.3cm, the width of the bone fracture plate body is 0.8-3.3cm, the near plateau section 2 is of an inward-bent arc-shaped structure and accords with the anatomical structure characteristics of the tibia posterolateral plateau, the far plateau section 3 adopts an inclined plane structure 4 and a plane structure 5, the inclined plane structure 4 is smoothly connected with the near plateau section 2, the near plateau section 2 is provided with a near plateau Kirschner wire hole 6 and a near plateau locking hole 7 from top to bottom in sequence, the near plateau locking holes 7 are provided in plurality and are distributed in a row along the near plateau section 2, the far plateau section 3 is provided with a far plateau upper Kirschner wire hole 8 and a near plateau locking hole 7 from top to bottom in sequence, A distal platform upper locking hole 9, a distal platform lower locking hole 10 and a distal platform lower k-wire hole 11.

Example 2

The novel tibia posterior lateral plateau bone fracture plate shown in figures 1-3 comprises a bone fracture plate body 1, wherein the bone fracture plate body 1 is L-shaped as a whole, the part, close to a tibial plateau, of the bone fracture plate body 1 is set to be a near plateau section 2, the part, far away from the tibial plateau, of the bone fracture plate body 1 is set to be a far plateau section 3 according to the position of the bone fracture plate body 1 in use, the edge of the bone fracture plate body 1 is of a smooth cambered surface structure, friction damage and foreign body sensation of tendons, ligaments and soft tissues can be reduced, the thickness of the bone fracture plate body is 2-2.5mm, the length of the bone fracture plate body is 3.3-5.3cm, the near plateau section 2 is of an inward-bending cambered surface structure and accords with the anatomical structure characteristics of the tibia posterior lateral plateau, the near plateau section 2 is designed to be thinner, the thinnest part is 2mm, friction damage of the tendons, the ligaments and the soft tissues can be reduced, and the far plateau section 3 adopts a bevel structure 4 and a plane structure 5, the bone fracture plate body 1 can be conveniently inserted without shaping, operation steps and time of an operation are reduced, the inclined plane structure 4 is smoothly connected with the near platform section 2, the thickness of the far platform section 3 is even 2-2.5mm, the strength of the bone fracture plate body 1 can be ensured, the near platform section 2 is sequentially provided with near platform Kirschner wire holes 6 and near platform locking holes 7 from top to bottom, 3 near platform locking holes 7 are arranged and are uniformly distributed in a row along the near platform section 2, locking screws can be placed in the operation to form a bamboo raft effect effective supporting joint surface, 2 near platform Kirschner wire holes 6 are arranged and are distributed along the left and right of the near platform section 2, the bone fracture plate body 1 can be temporarily fixed in the operation, whether the position of the bone fracture plate body 1 is proper or not and the joint surface is positioned, whether the screws enter the joint cavity or not is judged, a lead wire groove 12 is arranged at the upper end edge of the back of the near platform section 2, the lead groove 12 is communicated with the near platform kirschner wire hole 6, when the joint capsule is torn, the suture of the lead wire is convenient, the far platform section 3 is provided with a far platform kirschner wire hole 8, a far platform upper locking hole 9, a far platform lower locking hole 10 and a far platform lower kirschner wire hole 11 from top to bottom in sequence, the far platform lower kirschner wire hole 11 is positioned at the lower end part of the far platform section 3 and is used for temporary fixation in operation, the kirschner wire penetrates through the tibial cortex to conveniently assist in adjusting the position of the bone fracture plate body 1, the bone fracture plate body 1 can be fixed at the middle position of the tibia, the far platform upper kirschner wire hole 8 and the far platform upper locking hole 9 are positioned on the inclined plane structure 4, the far platform upper kirschner wire hole 8 can assist in fixing of a point type reduction forceps in operation, correct fracture displacement, restore the width of the posterior lateral platform of the tibia in the front and back direction, and assist in anatomical reduction, cortical bone screws can be placed in the locking holes 9 on the far platform for pressurization and fixation, so that the far end of the bone fracture plate is prevented from tilting and shifting in an operation, meanwhile, the bone and the bone fracture plate body 1 are more attached, the fracture end is pressurized and fixed, the anatomical reduction is achieved, and the buttress fixation principle is realized, the locking holes 10 under the far platform and the kirschner wire holes 11 under the far platform are positioned on the plane structure 5, and the locking screws are placed in the locking holes 10 under the far platform, so that the far platform section 3 of the bone fracture plate body 1 can be stably locked.

The process flow and the working principle of the invention are as follows: a novel fixing method of a posterior lateral tibial plateau bone fracture plate is shown in figure 4, firstly, a fracture end is exposed and reset, a bone fracture plate body 1 is attached to a fracture part, a Kirschner wire is arranged in a Kirschner wire hole 6 of a proximal plateau during an operation to temporarily fix the bone fracture plate body 1, whether the position of a proximal plateau section 2 of the bone fracture plate body 1 is satisfied is determined, a cortical bone screw (a spongy bone screw is used by patients with severe osteoporosis) is arranged in a proximal plateau locking hole 7 positioned at the middle position, the position of the proximal plateau section 2 of the bone fracture plate body 1 at the posterior lateral tibial plateau is preliminarily fixed, the Kirschner wire in the proximal plateau Kirschner wire hole 6 is removed, the Kirschner wire is arranged in a Kirschner wire hole 11 of a distal plateau, the distal plateau section 3 of the bone fracture plate body 1 is finely adjusted while temporarily, the position of the bone fracture plate body 1 is determined, after the fracture end is preliminarily reset, a large point type reset clamp is used for fixing the bone fracture end in a Kirschner wire hole 8 on the distal plateau, the fracture end is dissected and reset, locking screws are placed in locking holes 9 in a far platform, the bone fracture end is further fixed, the bone fracture body 1 is maintained to be attached to bones, Kirschner wires in Kirschner wire holes 11 in the far platform are pulled out, fine adjustment of the fracture end is facilitated, the locking screws are placed in locking holes 10 in the far platform to be stably locked, fracture dissection reset is completed, the locking screws are placed in other near platform locking holes 7, cortical bone screws in near platform locking holes 7 in the middle position are replaced by the locking screws, and the operation is completed. The bone fracture plate has fewer hole sites, no redundant hole sites, and less difficulty in selection for the operator, and only 5 locking holes are filled.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a novel lateral platform coaptation board behind shin bone, includes the coaptation board body, its characterized in that: the bone fracture plate body is integrally L-shaped and is divided into a near platform section and a far platform section, the near platform section is of an inward-bending cambered surface structure and accords with the anatomical structure characteristics of a tibia rear outer side platform, the far platform section adopts a slope structure and a plane structure, the slope structure is in smooth connection with the near platform section, a near platform section is sequentially provided with a near platform Kirschner wire hole and a near platform locking hole from top to bottom, the near platform locking hole is provided with a plurality of holes and is distributed in a row along the near platform section, and the far platform section is sequentially provided with a far platform Kirschner wire hole, a far platform upper locking hole, a far platform lower locking hole and a far platform lower Kirschner wire hole from top to bottom.

2. The novel tibial posterolateral plateau plate of claim 1, wherein: the Kirschner wire hole is positioned at the lower end part of the far platform section under the far platform, the Kirschner wire hole on the far platform and the locking hole on the far platform are positioned on the inclined plane structure, and the Kirschner wire hole is positioned on the plane structure under the locking hole on the far platform and the far platform.

3. The novel tibial posterolateral plateau plate of claim 1, wherein: the nearly platform ke shi pinhole is equipped with 2, distributes about following nearly platform section.

4. The novel tibial posterolateral plateau plate of any one of claims 1 or 3, wherein: and a lead groove is formed in the edge of the upper end of the back surface of the near platform section and is communicated with the near platform Kirschner wire hole.

5. The novel tibial posterolateral plateau plate of claim 1, wherein: the nearly platform locking hole is equipped with 3, and just along nearly platform section evenly distributed.

6. The novel tibial posterolateral plateau plate of claim 1, wherein: the edge of the bone fracture plate body is of a smooth cambered surface structure.

7. The novel tibial posterolateral plateau plate of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the bone fracture plate body is 2-2.5mm, the length is 3.3-5.3cm, and the width is 0.8-3.3 cm.

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