CN113197637A - Distal femur outside bone fracture plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a femur far-end outside bone fracture plate which comprises a bone fracture plate body, wherein the bone fracture plate body is divided into a near-end section, a middle section and a far-end section, the right end part of the near-end section is of an obtuse triangular structure, the far-end section is gradually thinned and twisted from right to left and is inwards concave and inclined, a near-end Kirschner wire hole, a near-end locking hole and a sliding hole are sequentially formed in the near-end section, a middle locking hole and a middle Kirschner wire hole are formed in the middle of the right end of the far-end section, a sliding hole I is formed in the middle of the right end of the far-end section, a far-end upper locking hole is formed in the left side of the sliding hole I, a far-end upper Kirschner wire hole is formed in the left side of the far-end upper Kirschner wire hole, a far-end lower locking hole is formed in the left side of the far-end section, and a far-end lower Kirschner wire hole is formed in the periphery of the left end of the far-end section. The far end section of the bone fracture plate body of the device is placed in a manner of being attached to the naked area of the lateral condyle of the femur, a space is reserved, and the far end section of the bone fracture plate body does not conflict with fracture type treatment related to the intercondylar fracture of the articular surface and needing absolute pressurization.

Description

Distal femur outside bone fracture plate

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a distal femur outside bone fracture plate.

Background

The treatment of distal femur fracture mainly takes AO distal femur outside LISS board as the main thing at present, in the operation process, need fracture reduction can place the coaptation board after, although some screws can fix through skin, but the reduction of earlier fix after will lead to the extension of operation time, the increase of blood loss volume and infection chance. Meanwhile, since young patients have more comminuted fracture and old fracture patients have osteoporosis, the fracture cannot be well treated by simple pressurization, and therefore, the distal femur fracture should be treated by the internal fixation bracket principle of the locking screw. And the locking hole of the AO distal femur external LISS plate is only 3/4 threaded, the holding force is weak relative to a fully threaded locking hole. In addition, for long oblique distal femur fracture, a longer bone fracture plate is often needed, and under the condition, the phenomenon that the bone fracture plate is not attached to the bone surface or the phenomenon that the screw hole at the proximal end of the bone fracture plate is single cortical or cannot be nailed appears on the AO distal femur lateral LISS plate, so that fracture healing is not facilitated.

Moreover, for intra-articular fracture related to intercondylar fracture, absolute pressurization stability is needed while anatomical reduction is carried out, and the far end of the existing bone fracture plate is mostly provided with locking holes, so that the purpose of pressurization cannot be achieved. And in order to expose the distal end of the fracture involving the articular surface of the femur sufficiently for later reduction and to make the plate more conformable to the bone surface, it is often necessary to sever portions of the joint capsule. But the excessive stripping can be caused, so that the muscle and ligament have no attachment point after the bone fracture plate is placed, the suture is difficult, the postoperative recovery of the patient is slow, and even the knee joint of part of the patient is unstable.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a distal femur lateral bone fracture plate to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a distal femur outside bone fracture plate comprises a bone fracture plate body, wherein the bone fracture plate body is divided into a proximal section, a middle section and a distal section, the proximal section and the middle section are of arc structures and have the same radian as a front femoral arch, the right end part of the proximal section is of a blunt triangular structure, the distal section is gradually thinned and twisted from right to left and is inwards and inwards concave, the radian is 10 degrees to be in fit with the contour of the outer side condyle arc surface of a femur, a proximal Kirschner wire hole, a proximal locking hole and a sliding hole are sequentially formed in the proximal section, the proximal Kirschner wire hole is formed in the blunt triangular structure, a plurality of middle locking holes are formed in the middle section, middle Kirschner wire holes are formed between adjacent middle locking holes, the distal section is gradually widened from right to left and gradually enlarged, a sliding hole I is formed in the middle part of the right end of the distal section, and an upper distal locking hole is formed in the left side of the sliding hole I, the left side of the far-end upper locking hole is provided with a far-end upper Kirschner wire hole, the left side of the far-end upper Kirschner wire hole is provided with a plurality of far-end lower locking holes, the left end of the far-end section is provided with a plurality of far-end lower Kirschner wire holes along the periphery, and the far-end lower Kirschner wire holes are positioned on the periphery of the far-end lower locking holes.

Preferably, the back surface of the bone fracture plate body is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped grooves, and the arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the middle section.

Preferably, the width and the thickness of interlude are the same, the equidistance is opened has 8 middle locking holes on the interlude, middle kirschner wire hole is equipped with 7, is located the middle part between the arc recess of both sides.

Preferably, the number of the distal lower locking holes is 6, the distal lower locking holes are evenly distributed, and the number of the distal lower kirschner wire holes is 5.

Preferably, the edge of the back surface of the distal end section is provided with a lead groove which is communicated with the lower Kirschner wire hole of the distal end.

Preferably, the distal lower locking hole and the distal upper locking hole are full-thread locking holes, the axes of the locking holes are parallel, and the middle locking hole and the proximal locking hole are full-thread locking holes.

Preferably, the edge of the bone plate body is of a smooth cambered surface structure.

The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: the device can position the bone fracture plate at the proper position of the far end of the femur through the lower Kirschner wire hole at the far end and the upper Kirschner wire hole at the far end, so that the loss of bone mass and stress fracture possibly caused by repeated nail placement in a screw hole are avoided while the screws of the bone fracture plate are prevented from entering a joint cavity; the far-end section of the bone fracture plate body is placed in a way of being attached to the naked area of the lateral condyle of the femur, a space is reserved, and the far-end section of the bone fracture plate body does not conflict with fracture type treatment which relates to the intercondylar fracture of the articular surface and needs absolute pressurization; the distal end section of the bone fracture plate body is twisted into an oblique arc shape, is inclined towards the inner concave direction by 10 degrees, meets the bone surface dissection of the distal lateral condyle of the femur, is more attached to the bone surface, and is gradually thinned due to less coverage of the soft tissue at the outer side of the femur, so that the condition that foreign matters are easily irritated due to too thick existing bone fracture plates is avoided; the proximal end section and the middle section of the bone fracture plate body are designed according to the front arch of the femur and have a certain bending radian, and the proximal Kirschner wire hole can ensure that the proximal end section of the bone fracture plate body is arranged in the middle of the front and back positions of the femur at the proximal end, so that the condition that the proximal bone fracture plate is warped forwards or backwards and a nail cannot be placed due to the fact that the long bone fracture plate is selected to be attached to the distal end in the past can be avoided; the sliding holes of the bone fracture plate body and/or the sliding holes I at the turning positions of the bone fracture plate body can correct the shortening and displacement of the fracture, recover the force line and the length of the femur with the help of manual reduction, and simultaneously correct the displacement of the inner side and the outer side of the fracture, so that the bone fracture plate body is more attached to the bone surface and really plays a role of an internal fixing support; the design of full thread locking hole not only makes single screw holding power higher, compares the design of combining the hole in the past, and the screw is placed and more disperses better dispersed stress, and to comminuted fracture or osteoporosis fracture simultaneously, full thread locking screw is fixed and is more accorded with AO internal fixation principle. The arc-shaped groove design on the back of the bone fracture plate is beneficial to dispersing stress and simultaneously reducing the influence of the bone fracture plate on periosteum blood circulation; the Kirschner wire holes in the far-end section of the far-end part, close to the knee joint part, of the bone fracture plate body are provided with a certain number of lead grooves, so that attachment points can be provided for suturing the joint capsule or ligament after the bone fracture plate body is placed, the stability of the knee joint is improved, and the postoperative quick rehabilitation of a patient is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention.

In the figure: the bone fracture plate comprises a bone fracture plate body, 2-a proximal section, 3-a middle section, 4-a distal section, 5-a blunt triangular structure, 6-a proximal Kirschner wire hole, 7-a proximal locking hole, 8-a sliding hole, 9-a middle locking hole, 10-a middle Kirschner wire hole, 11-a sliding hole I, 12-a distal locking hole, 13-a distal upper Kirschner wire hole, 14-a distal lower locking hole, 15-a distal lower Kirschner wire hole, 16-an arc-shaped groove and 17-a wire leading groove.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, the distal femur external side bone plate comprises a bone plate body 1, the length of which is 15-35cm, the width of which is 1.5-3.5cm, and the thickness of which is 0.3-0.6cm, the bone plate body 1 is divided into a proximal section 2, a middle section 3 and a distal section 4, the proximal section 2 and the middle section 3 are arc-shaped structures and have the same radian with the front arch of femur, the right end of the proximal section 2 is a blunt triangular structure 5, the distal section 4 is gradually thinned and twisted from right to left and is inwardly concave and inclined, the radian is 10 degrees from the vertical line and is attached to the outer side arc surface contour of the femur, a proximal kirschner wire hole 6, a proximal locking hole 7 and a sliding hole 8 are sequentially formed on the proximal section 2, the proximal kirschner wire hole 6 is positioned on the blunt triangular structure 5, a plurality of middle locking holes 9 are formed on the middle section 3, a middle kirschner wire hole 10 is arranged between adjacent middle locking holes 9, the distal section 4 is widened from right to left and gradually expands, a sliding hole I11 is formed in the middle of the right end of the distal section 4, a distal upper locking hole 12 is formed in the left side of the sliding hole I11, a distal upper Kirschner wire hole 13 is formed in the left side of the distal upper locking hole 12, a plurality of distal lower locking holes 14 are formed in the left side of the distal upper Kirschner wire hole 13, a plurality of distal lower Kirschner wire holes 15 are formed in the left end of the distal section 4 along the periphery, and the distal lower Kirschner wire holes 15 are located on the periphery of the distal lower locking holes 14.

Example 2

The distal femur external bone plate shown in fig. 1-3 comprises a bone plate body 1 with a length of 15-35cm, a width of 1.5-3.5cm, a thickness of 0.3-0.6cm and a smooth cambered surface structure at the edge, wherein the bone plate body 1 is divided into a proximal section 2, a middle section 3 and a distal section 4, the back of the bone plate body 1 is provided with a plurality of arc grooves 16, the arc grooves 16 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the middle section 3, so that stress dispersion is facilitated, and the influence of the bone plate body 1 on periosteal blood circulation is reduced, the proximal section 2 and the middle section 3 are of arc structures, have the same radian with the anterior arch of femur, a width of 12mm and a thickness of 6mm, the right end part of the proximal section 2 is of an obtuse triangular structure 5, the distal section 4 becomes thinner and twisted gradually from 6mm to the left, and is inclined inwards with a radian of 10 degrees from a concave line of 3.1mm to the farthest end, the femoral head is attached to the contour of the outer side condyle of the distal end of a femur, a proximal Kirschner wire hole 6, a proximal locking hole 7 and a sliding hole 8 are sequentially formed in a proximal section 2, the proximal Kirschner wire hole 6 is positioned on a blunt triangular structure 5, 8 middle locking holes 9 are equidistantly formed in a middle section 3, a middle Kirschner wire hole 10 is arranged between every two adjacent middle locking holes 9, the middle Kirschner wire hole 10 is positioned in the middle between arc-shaped grooves 16 on two sides, the distal section 4 is gradually enlarged from right to left, a sliding hole I11 is formed in the middle of the right end of the distal section 4, an upper distal locking hole 12 is formed in the left side of the sliding hole I11, an upper distal Kirschner wire hole 13 is formed in the left side of the upper distal locking hole 12, 6 lower distal locking holes 14 which are uniformly distributed are formed in the left side of the upper Kirschner wire hole 13 on the distal end, and 5 lower Kirschner wire holes 15 are formed in the left end of the distal section 4 along the periphery, the distal lower Kirschner wire hole 15 is located at the periphery of the distal lower locking hole 14, a lead groove 17 is formed in the edge of the back face of the distal section 4, the lead groove 17 is communicated with the distal lower Kirschner wire hole 15, so that an attachment point can be provided for suturing a joint capsule or a ligament after the bone fracture plate body 1 is placed, the stability of a knee joint is improved, and the postoperative rapid rehabilitation of a patient is facilitated, the distal lower locking hole 14, the middle locking hole 9, the proximal locking hole 7 and the distal upper locking hole 12 are all full-thread locking holes, the full-thread locking screw fixation is more in line with the AO internal fixation principle, and the axes of the distal lower locking hole 14 and the distal upper locking hole 12 are parallel.

The process flow and the working principle of the invention are as follows: a specific fixing mode of a femur far-end outside bone fracture plate is shown in figure 4, after fracture and two ends are exposed by limited incision, a bone fracture plate with a proper length is selected according to the length of a fracture line, the position of a far-end section 4 of a bone fracture plate body 1 is adjusted, the bone fracture plate body 1 is attached to the outer side face, 1 Kirschner wire is placed in a Kirschner wire hole 15 at the far-end of the farthest position of the bone fracture plate body 1, and the distal-end section 4 of the bone fracture plate body 1 is eliminated and confirmed to be proper in position and not enter a joint cavity through perspective by a C-arm machine (the Kirschner wire with the diameter of 1.5mm is driven in, even if primary positioning is not accurate, trial and error can be performed for many times, because the Kirschner wire is thin, the bone loss caused by the large-time adjustment of the diameter of screw holes is avoided, and stress fracture or the holding force of later screws is not enough is avoided; drilling a far-end lower locking hole 14 at the farthest position of the bone plate body 1 and screwing 1 cortical screw, so that the far-end lower locking hole 14 is further attached to the bone surface, and if the screw force is insufficient, a point type reduction clamp can be used for clamping the Kirschner wire hole 13 at the far end to realize reduction; the reduction forceps can fix two ends of the fracture by proper traction reduction, the length of a femoral force line is basically recovered, the position of the proximal section 2 of the bone fracture plate body 1 is adjusted to enable the proximal section to be in the middle of the outer side surface of the femur, 1 Kirschner wire with the diameter of 2.0mm is driven into the proximal Kirschner wire hole 6 of the bone fracture plate body 1, and perspective is conducted; drilling a hole at the farthest position of the sliding hole 8, placing 1 bicortical bone screw with proper length, pulling out the kirschner wire in the kirschner wire hole 6 when the proximal kirschner wire is to be screwed down, correcting shortening and displacement while screwing down, further recovering the length of a femoral force line, and enabling the proximal end of femoral fracture to be tightly attached to the bone fracture plate body 1 through the cortical bone screw to play a role of an internal fixing support; 1 double cortical bone screw with proper length is screwed into the sliding hole I11, so that the far-end fracture is tightly attached to the bone fracture plate body 1; through the application of the sliding hole 8 and the sliding hole I11, the internal and external displacement and the front and back displacement of the fracture are corrected under the traction of an assistant; after the process is finished, 1 locking screw with proper length is screwed into the locking hole 7 at the near end of the bone fracture plate body 1, then a plurality of locking screws with proper length are screwed into the lower locking hole 14 at the far end and the other side of the fracture, finally, the cortical screws in the sliding hole 8 and the sliding hole I11 are removed, and the cortical screw in the lower locking hole 14 at the far end of the bone fracture plate body 1 at the farthest position is replaced by the locking screw.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a distal femur outside coaptation board, includes the coaptation board body, its characterized in that: the bone fracture plate body is divided into a proximal section, a middle section and a distal section, the proximal section and the middle section are of arc structures and have the same radian as a front femoral arch, the right end of the proximal section is of an obtuse triangular structure, the distal section is gradually thinned and twisted from right to left and is inwards concave and inclined, the radian and a vertical line form 10 degrees and are attached to the outer side condyle arc surface profile of the distal femur, a proximal Kirschner wire hole, a proximal locking hole and a sliding hole are sequentially formed in the proximal section, the proximal Kirschner wire hole is located on the obtuse triangular structure, a plurality of middle locking holes are formed in the middle section, middle Kirschner wire holes are formed between adjacent middle locking holes, the distal section is widened from right to left and gradually expands, a sliding hole I is formed in the middle of the right end of the distal section, a distal upper locking hole is formed in the left side of the sliding hole I, and a distal upper Kirschner wire hole is formed in the left side of the distal locking hole, the left side of the upper Kirschner wire hole at the far end is provided with a plurality of lower Kirschner wire holes at the far end, the left end of the far end section is provided with a plurality of lower Kirschner wire holes at the far end along the periphery, and the lower Kirschner wire holes at the far end are positioned at the periphery of the lower locking holes at the far end.

2. A distal lateral femoral bone plate according to claim 1, wherein: the back of the bone fracture plate body is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped grooves, and the arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the middle section.

3. A distal lateral femoral bone plate according to claim 2, wherein: the width and the thickness of interlude are the same, the equidistance is opened has 8 middle locking holes on the interlude, middle ke shi needle hole is equipped with 7, is located the middle part between the arc recess of both sides.

4. A distal lateral femoral bone plate according to claim 1, wherein: locking hole is equipped with 6 under the distal end, and evenly distributed, Kirschner wire hole is equipped with 5 under the distal end.

5. A distal lateral femoral bone plate according to claim 1, wherein: and the edge of the back surface of the distal section is provided with a lead groove which is communicated with the lower Kirschner wire hole at the distal end.

6. A distal lateral femoral bone plate according to claim 1, wherein: the lower locking hole at the far end and the upper locking hole at the far end are full-thread locking holes, the axes of the locking holes are parallel, and the middle locking hole and the near-end locking hole are full-thread locking holes.

7. A distal lateral femoral bone plate according to claim 1, wherein: the edge of the bone fracture plate body is of a smooth cambered surface structure.

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