CN113194485A - Distributed communication system and control method - Google Patents
Distributed communication system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113194485A CN113194485A CN202110740244.3A CN202110740244A CN113194485A CN 113194485 A CN113194485 A CN 113194485A CN 202110740244 A CN202110740244 A CN 202110740244A CN 113194485 A CN113194485 A CN 113194485A
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Abstract
The application provides a distributed communication system and a control method, wherein the system comprises: a bottom layer terminal, a middle layer communication system and a satellite; the middle-layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability; the low-altitude equipment collects a communication request sent by a bottom terminal, and establishes communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request to provide communication service for the bottom terminal; when the low-altitude equipment cannot meet the communication requirement of the bottom-layer terminal, forwarding the communication task of the bottom-layer terminal to the satellite; and the satellite receives and processes the communication tasks forwarded by the low-altitude equipment. According to the system provided by the scheme, the communication service is provided for the bottom terminal by utilizing the plurality of low-altitude devices in the middle-layer communication system, the communication efficiency of the system is improved, the low-altitude devices are convenient to deploy, and the flexibility of the system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a distributed communication system and a control method.
Background
Most of the current communication devices are wireless communication devices, and the wireless communication devices usually require a base station to realize wireless communication. In order to ensure that the wireless communication device can normally communicate in the case of a damaged base station or an inaccessible radio coverage area, a temporary wireless router is usually required to be arranged to assist the communication operation of the wireless communication device by using the wireless router.
However, in the case of a natural disaster such as an earthquake, if a temporary wireless router is manually installed after the natural disaster occurs, it takes a long time to deploy, and it is difficult to ensure that the deployed wireless router signal can cover the entire disaster area.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a distributed communication system and a control method, which aim to overcome the defects of low flexibility and the like in the prior art.
A first aspect of the present application provides a distributed communication system, comprising: a bottom layer terminal, a middle layer communication system and a satellite; the middle-layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability;
the low-altitude equipment acquires a communication request sent by a bottom terminal and establishes communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request so as to provide communication service for the bottom terminal;
when the low-altitude equipment cannot meet the communication requirement of the bottom-layer terminal, forwarding the communication task of the bottom-layer terminal to a satellite;
and the satellite receives and processes the communication task forwarded by the low-altitude equipment.
Optionally, the middle layer communication system is configured to collect position information and signal power of each bottom layer terminal; and adjusting the geographical position and the signal gain of the low-altitude equipment according to the position information and the signal power of each bottom-layer terminal.
Optionally, the bottom layer terminal further generates an edge calculation task, and determines whether the local remaining calculation resources satisfy the edge calculation task; if the local residual computing resources meet the edge computing task, executing the edge computing task; if the local residual computing resources can not meet the edge computing task, sending the edge computing task to a middle-layer communication system;
the low-altitude equipment in the middle-layer communication system receives the edge computing task, acquires task information of the edge computing task, and judges whether the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment meet the edge computing task or not according to the task information; and if the residual computing resources of the edge computing task meet the edge computing task, executing the edge computing task.
Optionally, if the remaining computing resources of the low-altitude device do not satisfy the edge computing task, obtaining the location information of the remaining computing resources of other low-altitude devices and other low-altitude devices;
determining target edge computing low-altitude equipment according to the residual computing resources of the other low-altitude equipment and the position information of the other low-altitude equipment;
and forwarding the edge computing task to the target edge computing low-altitude device.
Optionally, if the remaining computing resources of the low-altitude device do not satisfy the edge computing task, forwarding the edge computing task to a satellite.
Optionally, a sensor is attached to the low-altitude equipment, and the sensor is used for acquiring disaster information in a preset area;
and after the low-altitude equipment obtains the disaster information, sending the disaster information to a disaster command center.
Optionally, the bottom-layer terminal and the middle-layer communication system are constructed based on a mobile ad hoc network.
Optionally, plug-in communication devices and/or lightweight intermediate protocols are deployed on the satellite and the low-altitude device, so that the satellite and the low-altitude device adapt to multiple communication protocols.
Optionally, each low-altitude device in the bottom-layer terminal and the middle-layer communication system is provided with an emergency frequency band for transmitting emergency information.
A second aspect of the present application provides a control method for a distributed communication system, which is applied to a distributed communication system, where the distributed communication system includes a bottom-layer terminal, a middle-layer communication system, and a satellite; the middle-layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability; the method comprises the following steps:
controlling the low-altitude equipment to acquire a communication request sent by a bottom terminal, and establishing communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request to provide communication service for the bottom terminal;
when the low-altitude equipment cannot meet the communication requirement of the bottom-layer terminal, controlling the low-altitude equipment to forward the communication task of the bottom-layer terminal to a satellite;
and controlling the satellite to receive and process the communication tasks forwarded by the low-altitude equipment.
Optionally, the method further includes:
controlling the middle-layer communication system to acquire the position information and the signal power of each bottom-layer terminal; and adjusting the geographical position and the signal gain of the low-altitude equipment according to the position information and the signal power of each bottom-layer terminal.
Optionally, the method further includes:
controlling the bottom layer terminal to generate an edge computing task and judging whether local residual computing resources meet the edge computing task; if the local residual computing resources meet the edge computing task, controlling the bottom layer terminal to execute the edge computing task; if the local residual computing resources can not meet the edge computing task, controlling the bottom layer terminal to send the edge computing task to a middle layer communication system;
the low-altitude equipment in the middle-layer communication system is controlled to receive the edge computing task, task information of the edge computing task is obtained, and whether the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment meet the edge computing task or not is judged according to the task information; and if the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment meet the edge computing task, controlling the low-altitude equipment to execute the edge computing task.
Optionally, the method further includes:
if the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment do not meet the edge computing task, controlling the low-altitude equipment to obtain the residual computing resources of other low-altitude equipment and the position information of other low-altitude equipment;
determining target edge computing low-altitude equipment according to the residual computing resources of the other low-altitude equipment and the position information of the other low-altitude equipment;
and forwarding the edge computing task to the target edge computing low-altitude device.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and if the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment do not meet the edge computing task, controlling the low-altitude equipment to forward the edge computing task to a satellite.
Optionally, a sensor is attached to the low-altitude device, and the method further includes:
controlling a sensor to collect disaster information in a preset area;
and controlling the low-altitude equipment to send the disaster information to a disaster command center after the disaster information is obtained.
This application technical scheme has following advantage:
the application provides a distributed communication system and a control method, wherein the system comprises: a bottom layer terminal, a middle layer communication system and a satellite; the middle-layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability; the low-altitude equipment collects a communication request sent by a bottom terminal, and establishes communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request to provide communication service for the bottom terminal; when the low-altitude equipment cannot meet the communication requirement of the bottom-layer terminal, forwarding the communication task of the bottom-layer terminal to the satellite; and the satellite receives and processes the communication tasks forwarded by the low-altitude equipment. According to the system provided by the scheme, the communication service is provided for the bottom terminal by utilizing the plurality of low-altitude devices in the middle-layer communication system, the communication efficiency of the system is improved, the low-altitude devices are convenient to deploy, and the flexibility of the system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a communication flow diagram of a distributed communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary distributed communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary middle layer communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating service coverage of an exemplary middle layer communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another exemplary distributed communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a distributed communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
With the above figures, there are shown specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosed concepts in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the disclosure to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the following examples, "plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the application provides a distributed communication system, which is used for providing communication service for a bottom-layer terminal which cannot normally communicate in a disaster area. The system comprises a bottom layer terminal, a middle layer communication system and a satellite; wherein the middle layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability.
As shown in fig. 1, a communication flow diagram of the distributed communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, where the communication flow is as follows:
step 101, a low-altitude device collects a communication request sent by a bottom terminal, and establishes communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request to provide communication service for the bottom terminal;
102, when the low-altitude equipment cannot meet the communication requirement of the bottom-layer terminal, forwarding a communication task of the bottom-layer terminal to a satellite;
and step 103, the satellite receives and processes the communication task forwarded by the low-altitude equipment.
It should be noted that the bottom terminal specifically refers to communication devices such as a mobile phone, a computer, and a tablet that cannot normally communicate in a disaster area or a mine area, and the low-altitude device may be a flight device such as an unmanned aerial vehicle or an airplane.
Conversely, when the low-altitude device can meet the communication requirement of the underlying terminal, the low-altitude device processes the communication task.
The communication task may be a packet forwarding task, a computing task, and the like.
Specifically, the low-altitude equipment collects electromagnetic wave signals of each communication equipment in the disaster area, and when the electromagnetic wave signals of any communication equipment are received, the electromagnetic wave signals are used as communication requests and are in communication connection with the bottom-layer terminal, so that bidirectional communication between the bottom-layer terminal and the low-altitude equipment is realized.
The low-altitude device can provide higher-level communication service for a distributed mobile ad hoc network formed by a plurality of bottom terminals at the same time, and comprises information routing forwarding at a longer distance, task processing with higher computational power requirements and the like.
Specifically, if the communication task/calculation task sent by the current bottom layer terminal to the low-altitude device cannot be realized by the low-altitude device itself, for example, the transmission distance exceeds the communication capability of the low-altitude device or the calculation task exceeds the calculation capability of the low-altitude device, the low-altitude device may send the current communication task to the satellite, and the satellite processes the communication task.
The satellite has stronger computing power and communication capacity, and is suitable for processing heavy-load computing tasks and remote communication.
Specifically, in an embodiment, in order to further improve the reliability and flexibility of the communication system, the middle layer communication system is configured to collect the position information and the signal power of each bottom layer terminal; and adjusting the geographical position and the signal gain of the low-altitude equipment according to the position information and the signal power of each bottom-layer terminal.
The geographic position of the low-altitude device specifically refers to geodetic coordinates (longitude, latitude, altitude) of the low-altitude device, and mainly adjusts a spatial distance between the low-altitude device and the bottom-layer terminal.
Specifically, under the conditions that the bottom-layer terminal is high in moving speed, the coverage area of a disaster area is large and a mountainous area exists, each low-altitude device in the middle-layer communication system can acquire position information and signal power of all bottom-layer terminals in the disaster area, then the acquired position information and signal power are uniformly sent to the dispatching center of the middle-layer communication system, the dispatching center adjusts the geographic position and signal gain of each low-altitude device according to the acquired position information and signal power of the bottom-layer terminal, the topological structure of the middle-layer communication system is adjusted adaptively, and the stability of two-way communication between each low-altitude device and the corresponding bottom-layer terminal is guaranteed.
The bottom-layer terminal and the middle-layer communication system are constructed based on a mobile ad hoc network.
It should be noted that the Ad Hoc network (Ad Hoc) is a generic name of infrastructure-less mobile networks, in such networks, there is no need for a wireless Access Point (AP) in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), there is no cellular base station in a cellular mobile network (3G/4G/5G), and each wireless terminal directly connects to a neighboring wireless terminal (a bottom layer terminal or a low-altitude device) by only its own wireless signal transmitting and receiving capability, so as to form a local area network with at least two wireless terminals; each wireless terminal bears the functions of physical layer bit stream transmission, data link layer adjacent node frame transmission, network layer routing search data packet forwarding node selection and the like originally borne by a wireless infrastructure, is a part of wireless infrastructure, provides network service for the wireless terminals and each other together, and increases certain storage and calculation expenses for each wireless terminal. Ad Hoc is the only way each wireless terminal can quickly recover a temporary, basic, out-of-range communication capability. The distributed mode is the basic characteristic of the Ad Hoc network, and in order to improve the performance of the whole mobile Ad Hoc network as much as possible, all nodes need to contribute additional storage and calculation resources to participate in the function implementation of the Ad Hoc network.
The middle-layer communication system completes networking of the distributed mobile self-organizing network immediately after a disaster occurs, the topology is relatively stable, the routing capability is relatively strong, certain mobile capability is achieved so as to adapt to the mobile and power change conditions of each bottom-layer terminal at any time, the mobility does not have excessive influence on the stability of the topology, and the data processing capability is stronger.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the bottom layer terminal further generates an edge calculation task, and determines whether the local residual calculation resources satisfy the edge calculation task, if the local residual calculation resources satisfy the edge calculation task, the edge calculation task is executed, and if the local residual calculation resources cannot satisfy the edge calculation task, the edge calculation task is sent to the middle layer communication system; the low-altitude equipment in the middle-layer communication system receives the edge computing task, acquires task information of the edge computing task, and judges whether the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment meet the edge computing task or not according to the task information; and if the residual computing resources of the edge computing system meet the edge computing task, executing the edge computing task.
Specifically, under the condition that the local residual computing resources of the bottom layer terminal can meet the requirements of the edge computing task, the edge computing task is directly computed locally without task migration. Therefore, the edge calculation pressure of the whole communication system is relieved, and the communication load of the communication system is also relieved.
It should be noted that each low-altitude device and the satellite in the middle-level communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application have cloud computing capabilities, that is, the middle-level communication system and the satellite form a cloud pool having huge data storage computing and control capabilities.
The distributed communication system provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a normal scene, namely a non-disaster area scene, the bottom layer terminal can communicate based on a base station and the like, and only when the edge computing service is needed, a communication request (also called a task migration request) is sent to the low-altitude equipment, so that the communication connection is established between the low-altitude equipment and the bottom layer terminal, and then the task migration work is completed.
Specifically, if the current computing power of the bottom-layer terminal is not enough to complete the current computing task, the computing task is sent to the low-altitude device as an edge computing task. After receiving an edge computing task, a low-altitude device firstly acquires task information of the edge computing task, wherein the task information at least comprises computing resource requirements and a time delay threshold value, then judges whether the self residual computing resources can meet the computing resource requirements of the edge computing task, and predicts whether the computing time is within the time delay threshold value, and if the self residual computing resources can meet the computing resource requirements of the edge computing task and the predicted computing time is within the time delay threshold value, executes the edge computing task. And after the edge calculation task is finished, returning the calculation result to the bottom layer terminal.
Conversely, in an embodiment, if the remaining computing resources of the low-altitude device do not satisfy the edge computing task, the remaining computing resources of other low-altitude devices and the location information of other low-altitude devices are obtained; determining target edge computing low-altitude equipment according to the residual computing resources of other low-altitude equipment and the position information of other low-altitude equipment; and forwarding the edge computing task to the target edge computing low-altitude device.
Specifically, the current low-altitude device (the low-altitude device receiving the edge computing task) can acquire the remaining computing resources of other low-altitude devices and the position information of other low-altitude devices through the distributed mobile ad hoc network; according to the residual computing resources of other low-altitude devices and the position information of the other low-altitude devices, the communication tasks directly received by the self-organizing network are flexibly scheduled and distributed, the computing power of the low-altitude devices in the whole self-organizing network is exerted to provide communication services with higher quality, and meanwhile, the load balancing function is realized.
Similarly, in an embodiment, if the remaining computing resources of the low-altitude device do not satisfy the edge computing task, the edge computing task is forwarded to the satellite.
Specifically, the satellite processes the edge calculation task, and after obtaining the calculation result, the satellite returns the calculation result to the low-altitude device, and the low-altitude device forwards the calculation result to the bottom layer terminal.
Specifically, in an embodiment, in order to further improve the universality of the communication system, a sensor is attached to the low-altitude device, the sensor is used for acquiring disaster information in a preset area, and after the low-altitude device obtains the disaster information, the disaster information is sent to a disaster command center.
Specifically, the low-altitude equipment can sense the disaster on the ground and underground through the sensor, and after the sensor collects the disaster information, the low-altitude equipment sends the disaster information to the disaster command center. Under the condition that the communication capacity of the low-altitude equipment is not enough to send the disaster information to the disaster command center, the low-altitude equipment sends the disaster information to the satellite, and the satellite finishes the work of uploading the disaster information.
Specifically, in one embodiment, in order to improve the robustness and survivability of the communication system, plug-in communication devices and/or lightweight intermediate protocols are deployed on the satellites and the low-altitude devices, so that the satellites and the low-altitude devices are adapted to multiple communication protocols.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the heterogeneity of each layer of internal devices and each layer of devices is fully considered, and for different communication protocols and communication standards used by different devices, no matter what wireless communication method is adopted, information is broadcast outwards in a wireless electromagnetic wave manner, but the adopted wireless frequency bands are different, coding methods are different, or data frame encapsulation formats are different, so two solutions are proposed in the embodiment of the present application:
one is a hardware solution, using a new plug-in communication component/device (external communication device) with plug-and-play, common interface and standardized and generalized wireless communication interface and communication protocol, through which the various heterogeneous devices can accomplish the conversion and compatibility of communication protocol.
The other is a software solution, a new lightweight intermediate protocol capable of being automatically activated is preset, the protocol has a function of normalizing multiple ground level wireless device communication protocols, wireless communication signals among different heterogeneous devices carry out wireless frequency band conversion of the signals, binary transcoding of analog signals and binary data frame decapsulation/repackaging procedures through the protocol, and therefore the converted wireless communication signals are adapted to a wireless communication standard adopted by a destination node, information is complete and has no increase or decrease, and the converted wireless communication signals can be accurately and completely identified by the destination node.
In the embodiment of the present application, for the satellite with the highest computing power and the middle-layer communication system which is centered in the computing power but is specially pre-deployed for performing the emergency communication immediate recovery preparation, the lightweight intermediate protocol provided by the above embodiment is pre-installed and supported, and the communication component/device with the communication protocol conversion compatibility provided by the above embodiment is externally hung, so that double insurance is provided for solving the higher-level network heterogeneity, and the capability of excluding heterogeneous direct communication is provided for the bottom-layer terminal without the intermediate protocol support function, so that the satellite and the low-altitude device adapt to various communication protocols; for the bottom layer terminal with the lowest calculation power, considering that part of the bottom layer terminals can not support the lightweight intermediate protocol, a firm plug-in communication assembly/equipment with certain survivability is fixed near the active area of the bottom layer terminal, and the communication task without delivering the middle layer communication system can be converted according to the difference of the signal presentation forms (frequency, modulation mode, coded header format and the like) of the communication protocols supported by the bottom layer terminals, so that the receiving end can accurately acquire all information which the transmitting end wants to transmit.
Specifically, in an embodiment, in order to further improve the survivability and robustness of the communication system, each low-altitude device in the bottom layer terminal and the middle layer communication system is provided with an emergency frequency band for transmitting emergency information.
It should be noted that the emergency information mainly refers to a data packet with a higher transmission speed requirement, such as alarm information. In addition, other conventional data packets can be transmitted in the emergency frequency band, so that the anti-interference performance of the emergency frequency band is high, and the communication effect is guaranteed.
Illustratively, certain computing and storage resources need to be reserved for each low-altitude device in the bottom-layer terminal and the middle-layer communication system, and certain spectrum resources also need to be reserved among each cross-layer device to form an emergency frequency band, which is used for using the part of resources (emergency frequency band) in the two-way communication of cross-layer task uploading/result response for computing and routing functions which cannot be completely met (overload or over-distance) besides edge computing, routing and packet forwarding of the self-layer. In addition, a small amount of resources are reserved among all devices of all levels of the whole system for maneuvering, so that when abnormal conditions (faults, damages and the like) suddenly occur to a certain device in the system and normal participation cannot be realized, other devices can use the resources to fill, the robustness of the system is enhanced, and the system can still meet all communication requirements without overload.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary distributed communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, in which two dotted lines without arrows connected to the same device indicate a communication range corresponding to the device, dotted lines with arrows indicate a moving direction of the device, and solid double arrows indicate that bidirectional communication is possible between the two dotted lines and the arrow with arrows. Under the condition that the bottom-layer terminal does not need to realize the communication function by means of the middle-layer communication system, each low-altitude device in the bottom-layer terminal can also be used as an auxiliary AP/base station of common wireless communication to reinforce the original base station function. After a disaster occurs, the system is immediately put into the bottom layer terminal within the shortest time after the disaster occurs on the ground/underground through the 'double insurance' of a control signaling released by a self-perception and manual control center (disaster command center) through a satellite and/or a middle layer communication system, thereby ensuring the seamless connection of the recovery of the communication function and providing uninterrupted communication service for users in the disaster area.
The middle-layer communication system can provide cloud computing service for the bottom-layer terminals, the small cloud pool can be used for uniformly coordinating the local computing and storage resources of each temporary AP and the application of wireless spectrum resources among devices, the condition that the workload distribution of each temporary AP is too uneven is avoided, the network service capability provided by each bottom-layer terminal in disaster areas with various densities is similar, and various resources in the middle-layer communication system are utilized to the maximum extent.
As shown in fig. 2, the distributed communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application constitutes a "space lattice" architecture, and the whole network structure can be analogized to a molecular crystal structure. From the microstructure, the mutual communication connection among the high-altitude level, the low-altitude level and the ground level can be analogized to intermolecular acting force, the mutual communication among the same levels can be analogized to intramolecular acting force, and the low-altitude level is a key level for forming a space lattice framework. The microstructure is represented in a macroscopic view as a cross-hierarchy distributed property in a three-dimensional space. The space lattice framework can be decomposed into a horizontal parallel isomorphic lattice and a vertical staggered isomerous lattice, wherein three characteristics of the whole space lattice network framework are supported on the basis of low-altitude layers: ordering, self-regularity (self-limitation), and anisotropy.
In microstructure, (1) long-range order means that within a single crystal, the ordered distribution of particles extends throughout the entire lattice. In the framework, the ground level is originally distributed out of order, but through the subsequent deployment of the low-altitude level, for example, the ground level is densely distributed in the place with high density of the bottom-level terminals, and the ground level is sparsely distributed in the place with low density of the bottom-level terminals, so that the ground level presents such an order and regularity. In this property, the irreplaceability of the low-level hierarchy is: the aircraft (low-altitude equipment) bears more than communication and forwarding tasks, and meanwhile, the aircraft can be controlled to move (under the action of a sensor) according to the ground level traffic, so that the ordered deployment of regularity (according to the traffic, the number of terminals, the strength of signals and the like) is realized. However, conventional communication equipment only carries communication tasks, and the deployment of the aircraft requires human control. (2) Self-limiting refers to the tendency of a crystal to spontaneously form a closed geometric polyhedral shape, and thus close (span) itself. In the structure, the low-altitude level is used as the upper and lower level from the ground to the satellite, a plurality of earth satellites are upwards connected to form the upper side of the crystal structure, each ground terminal is downwards connected to the lower side of the crystal structure, the range of the ground terminal covers the whole closed area, and the lower side of the crystal structure is formed and is self-limiting to the outside. In this property, the irreplaceability of the low-level hierarchy is: the aircraft equipment can spontaneously form a regular network structure with other equipment according to a natural environment and a radio wave environment, and in order to present a regular ordered structure, the aircraft equipment needs to consider a wireless mobile networking mode in a three-dimensional space, such as the problems of exposed terminals and hidden terminals in a three-dimensional space. However, the conventional communication equipment only considers the problem of mobile networking in a plane space, and is not applicable after rising to a space level; (3) anisotropy refers to a property in which all or part of chemical and physical properties of a substance change with a change in direction, and the substance exhibits a difference in different directions. In the framework, the traffic, modulation mode and communication protocol are different between layers. In this characteristic, the traffic from the ground level to the middle level is the most huge, and the communication modes and communication protocols are the most diverse, while the irreplaceability of the low-level lies in that: the low-level layer carries all the ground services, adapts to all the communication modes and communication protocols, but has less traffic to be forwarded to the satellite layer (only forwarding the services which cannot be processed upwards), and is modulated into a uniform communication mode through protocol conversion.
In macro implementation, the wireless hardware bridge device (such as a software defined radio unit) pre-assembled on the low-altitude equipment and the protocol conversion logic and networking algorithm are matched to provide flexible service capability on demand for the underlying equipment. In a low-altitude space region with a certain height away from the ground, flexible topological networking and load balancing are realized by utilizing three-dimensional space flexibility, obstacle avoidance capability and space self-adaptive wireless communication capability brought by the height difference. The equipment for constructing the low-altitude layer can not be replaced by at least the following equipment: (1) analyzing from the working mode, the working mode of the ordinary AP is fixed, and the physical layer and data link layer parameters (such as frequency spectrum, modulation mode, etc.) are fixed; (2) from the analysis of wireless signal characteristics, a common AP is designed for a static application, if the AP is erected on an aircraft running at a high speed, the doppler shift will certainly affect the performance of the original wireless signal, and in addition, the common AP wireless signal is difficult to penetrate through a metal shell similar to aircraft equipment, and is easy to cause spectrum interference between the common AP and the original communication equipment of the aircraft (for example, a well-known passenger plane for civil use needs to open a personal wireless device into a flight mode or shut down), which will greatly weaken the service capability of the low altitude layer related to the embodiment of the present application; (3) from the analysis of networking function, a common AP is usually a gateway device connected to the internet, and mostly only supports a star topology, and even a new AP supporting a mesh topology is small in scale and does not support inter-network mobility. As described above, the low-altitude hierarchy configuration device according to the embodiment of the present invention cannot be realized simply by mounting a general AP on a flight device. For example, as shown in fig. 3, a structural schematic diagram of an exemplary middle-layer communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided, where the heterogeneous devices specifically refer to low-altitude devices, that is, the low-altitude devices may communicate with each other.
The bottom-layer terminal can always maintain two-way communication with a certain node (heterogeneous equipment) in the middle-layer communication system in the moving process. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of service coverage of an exemplary middle-layer communication system according to an embodiment of the present application, after a bottom-layer terminal leaves a service range of a heterogeneous device 2 (low-altitude device 2), the bottom-layer terminal immediately reaches one of service ranges of the heterogeneous device 3 (low-altitude device 3), the heterogeneous device 4 (low-altitude device 4) and the heterogeneous device 5 (low-altitude device 5), and the service ranges of all the devices are mutually overlapped, so that the terminal on each bottom layer moves to the overlapping area, when the middle layer service node is to be replaced, the heterogeneous devices involved in the overlapping area can completely share the current data packet sending state (the sequence number of the data packet being transmitted), the destination route and the node identification of each bottom layer terminal in the overlapping area, therefore, the continuity of communication in the process of long-distance movement of the ground equipment is ensured, and the network service quality is basically unchanged (the network service resources are uniformly coordinated by the mobile ad hoc network of the middle-layer communication system). In addition, after the bottom-layer terminal in the overlapping area uploads specific requirements (time delay, reliability and the like) of service flow required by the bottom-layer terminal to the middle-layer communication system, a mobile ad hoc network (a regional cloud center) of the middle-layer communication system can perform regional planning according to the requirements, and a most appropriate heterogeneous device for directly providing services is allocated to the bottom-layer terminal to perform bidirectional communication with the bottom-layer terminal, so that the overall performance and personalized service capability of the middle-layer communication system are improved.
Illustratively, during the movement of the low-altitude device 1, the low-altitude device 1 discovers an underlying terminal 6 capable of peer-to-peer bidirectional communication, so as to establish a minimum mobile ad hoc network of an underlying terminal hierarchy, which has minimum edge computing capability. Meanwhile, the bottom-layer terminal 6 is also adjacent to the bottom-layer terminal 7, but is a little far away from the bottom-layer terminal 7, so that the low-power low-altitude device 1 does not find the bottom-layer terminal 7, but the bottom-layer terminal 7 can find the low-altitude device 1 in the peer in one way; however, according to the system design, the low-altitude device 1 and the bottom-layer terminal 7 can certainly perform two-way communication through the middle-layer communication system, at this time, under the condition that the residual electric quantity of the low-altitude device 1 allows, the middle-layer communication system will notify the neighbor condition and the geographic position between the low-altitude device 1 with the mobility and the bottom-layer terminal 7, so that the low-altitude device 1 can selectively approach the bottom-layer terminal 7 (in order to ensure that the position and the topology of the ad hoc local area network of the bottom-layer terminal hierarchy are relatively stable, the bottom-layer terminal with smaller power generally needs to approach the bottom-layer terminal with larger power) until two-way communication can be directly performed with the bottom-layer terminal 7, and the low-altitude device 1 obtains information prompt, thereby reducing the network burden of the middle-layer communication system. If the geographical position of the low-altitude equipment 1 is too bad, the bottom-layer terminal 7 approaches the low-altitude equipment 1.
Illustratively, if the wireless frequency bands of the bottom layer terminal 1, the bottom layer terminal 6 and the bottom layer terminal 7 are different, the bottom layer terminal 1 is not provided with a lightweight intermediate protocol, and the lightweight intermediate protocol and the bottom layer terminal 6/the bottom layer terminal 7 can perform signal frequency conversion and data link layer frame recombination and shielding through a pre-deployed plug-in communication device, or realize a reliable bidirectional communication function through a low-altitude device pre-deployed with a lightweight intermediate protocol under the condition that the plug-in communication device fails; the bottom layer terminal 6 and the bottom layer terminal 7 are pre-installed with lightweight intermediate protocols, and communication between the bottom layer terminal 6 and the bottom layer terminal 7 is directly solved in the ground level, so that the same ground level distributed mobile ad hoc network can be jointly constructed. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of another exemplary distributed communication system provided in this embodiment of the present application is provided, and the distributed communication system provided in this embodiment of the present application may implement wireless communication in a global area. The ground level mobile ad hoc network has high node density, high node number, high edge computing capability and high communication task amount. Therefore, the ground level mobile ad hoc network submits the calculation tasks exceeding the edge calculation or the communication distance capacity upper limit to the middle level communication system under the condition of the resource reservation threshold, and the middle level communication system also submits the calculation tasks exceeding the capacity to the high-altitude level (satellite), so that the maximum communication tasks in the communication system can be reliably and efficiently realized.
The distributed communication system provided by the embodiment of the application comprises: a bottom layer terminal, a middle layer communication system and a satellite; the middle-layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability; the low-altitude equipment collects a communication request sent by a bottom terminal, and establishes communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request to provide communication service for the bottom terminal; when the low-altitude equipment cannot meet the communication requirement of the bottom-layer terminal, forwarding the communication task of the bottom-layer terminal to the satellite; and the satellite receives and processes the communication tasks forwarded by the low-altitude equipment. According to the system provided by the scheme, the communication service is provided for the bottom terminal by utilizing the plurality of low-altitude devices in the middle-layer communication system, the communication efficiency of the system is improved, the low-altitude devices are convenient to deploy, and the flexibility of the system is improved. And has good survivability and robustness.
The embodiment of the application provides a control method of a distributed communication system, which is applied to the distributed communication system, wherein the distributed communication system comprises a bottom-layer terminal, a middle-layer communication system and a satellite; the middle-layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability. The execution subject of the control method provided by the embodiment of the application is an electronic device, such as a server, a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, and other electronic devices that can be used to control a distributed communication system.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a control method of a distributed communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. The method comprises the following steps:
601, controlling low-altitude equipment to collect a communication request sent by a bottom terminal, and establishing communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request to provide communication service for the bottom terminal;
Specifically, in an embodiment, the method further includes:
controlling a middle-layer communication system to acquire position information and signal power of each bottom-layer terminal; and adjusting the geographical position and the signal gain of the low-altitude equipment according to the position information and the signal power of each bottom-layer terminal.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the method further includes:
the control bottom layer terminal also generates an edge calculation task and judges whether the local residual calculation resources meet the edge calculation task; if the local residual computing resources meet the edge computing task, controlling the bottom layer terminal to execute the edge computing task; if the local residual computing resources can not meet the edge computing task, controlling the bottom layer terminal to send the edge computing task to the middle layer communication system;
the method comprises the steps that low-altitude equipment in a middle-layer communication system is controlled to receive an edge computing task, task information of the edge computing task is obtained, and whether the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment meet the edge computing task or not is judged according to the task information; and if the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment meet the edge computing task, controlling the low-altitude equipment to execute the edge computing task.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the method further includes:
if the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment do not meet the edge computing task, controlling the low-altitude equipment to obtain the residual computing resources of other low-altitude equipment and the position information of other low-altitude equipment;
determining target edge computing low-altitude equipment according to the residual computing resources of other low-altitude equipment and the position information of other low-altitude equipment;
and forwarding the edge computing task to the target edge computing low-altitude device.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the method further includes:
and if the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment do not meet the edge computing task, controlling the low-altitude equipment to forward the edge computing task to the satellite.
Specifically, in an embodiment, a sensor is attached to the low-altitude device, and the method further includes:
controlling a sensor to collect disaster information in a preset area;
and after the low-altitude equipment is controlled to obtain the disaster information, the disaster information is sent to a disaster command center.
With regard to the control method of the distributed communication system in the present embodiment, the specific manner of each step has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the distributed communication system, and will not be elaborated here.
The control method of the distributed communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application is used for controlling the distributed communication system provided in the above embodiment, and an implementation manner and a principle thereof are the same and are not described again.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed communications system, comprising: a bottom layer terminal, a middle layer communication system and a satellite; the middle-layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability;
the low-altitude equipment acquires a communication request sent by a bottom terminal and establishes communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request so as to provide communication service for the bottom terminal;
when the low-altitude equipment cannot meet the communication requirement of the bottom-layer terminal, forwarding the communication task of the bottom-layer terminal to a satellite;
and the satellite receives and processes the communication task forwarded by the low-altitude equipment.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the middle layer communication system is configured to collect the position information and the signal power of each bottom layer terminal; and adjusting the geographical position and the signal gain of the low-altitude equipment according to the position information and the signal power of each bottom-layer terminal.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the bottom layer terminal further generates an edge computing task and determines whether local remaining computing resources satisfy the edge computing task; if the local residual computing resources meet the edge computing task, executing the edge computing task; if the local residual computing resources can not meet the edge computing task, sending the edge computing task to a middle-layer communication system;
the low-altitude equipment in the middle-layer communication system receives the edge computing task, acquires task information of the edge computing task, and judges whether the residual computing resources of the low-altitude equipment meet the edge computing task or not according to the task information; and if the residual computing resources of the edge computing task meet the edge computing task, executing the edge computing task.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein if the remaining computing resources of the low-altitude device do not satisfy the edge computing task, the location information of the remaining computing resources of other low-altitude devices and other low-altitude devices is obtained;
determining target edge computing low-altitude equipment according to the residual computing resources of the other low-altitude equipment and the position information of the other low-altitude equipment;
and forwarding the edge computing task to the target edge computing low-altitude device.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein if the edge computing task is not satisfied by the remaining computing resources of the low-altitude device, forwarding the edge computing task to a satellite.
6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensor is additionally arranged on the low-altitude equipment, and the sensor is used for collecting disaster information in a preset area;
and after the low-altitude equipment obtains the disaster information, sending the disaster information to a disaster command center.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the bottom layer terminal and the middle layer communication system are constructed based on a mobile ad hoc network.
8. The system according to claim 1, wherein plug-in communication devices and/or lightweight intermediate protocols are deployed on the satellites and the low-altitude devices to adapt the satellites and the low-altitude devices to a plurality of communication protocols.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein each low-altitude device in the bottom-layer terminal and the middle-layer communication system is provided with an emergency frequency band for transmitting emergency information.
10. A control method of a distributed communication system is applied to the distributed communication system, and the distributed communication system comprises a bottom layer terminal, a middle layer communication system and a satellite; the middle-layer communication system comprises a plurality of low-altitude devices with wireless communication capability; characterized in that the method comprises:
controlling the low-altitude equipment to acquire a communication request sent by a bottom terminal, and establishing communication connection with the bottom terminal according to the communication request to provide communication service for the bottom terminal;
when the low-altitude equipment cannot meet the communication requirement of the bottom-layer terminal, controlling the low-altitude equipment to forward the communication task of the bottom-layer terminal to a satellite;
and controlling the satellite to receive and process the communication tasks forwarded by the low-altitude equipment.
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