CN113193259A

CN113193259A - Battery pack and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN113193259A
Application number: CN202110414121.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶斌; 闫仕伟; 张国祥; 徐博豪; 汤杰; 江吉兵
Original assignee: Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-16
Filing date: 2021-04-16
Publication date: 2021-07-30

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery package and electric automobile, including shell and a plurality of each electric core group, electric core group includes a plurality of monomer electricity core, each monomer electricity core leans on each other to fold along the thickness direction and connects in order to form array electricity core, and the utmost point post of each monomer electricity core is located its length direction's side, a plurality of electricity core group is located the shell, be formed with exhaust passage between each electricity core group and the shell, set up monomer electricity core towards exhaust passage, can reduce the explosion risk that brings when the battery package takes place the thermal runaway, and can save the welding space that is used for the aluminium row of establishing ties each monomer electricity core in the vertical direction, thereby can improve the inside space usage of battery package.

Description

Battery pack and electric automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack and an electric automobile.

Background

Batteries, that is, power sources for providing power sources for tools, are batteries for providing power to vehicles such as electric vehicles.

As one of the three major components in an electric vehicle, the development direction of the battery pack is always the focus of attention of manufacturers, and therefore, how to make the power battery pack lighter and lower in cost is always a problem to be solved urgently by manufacturers.

In the current battery pack in the industry, after a plurality of battery cores are assembled into a battery module, subsystems such as a battery management system and the like and the plurality of battery modules are assembled into the battery pack, however, in the current battery pack, the space utilization rate of the battery cores to the battery pack is only 40%, and a hardware auxiliary part of the battery module occupies a part of a considerable volume of the battery pack, so that the actual effective space utilization rate of the battery pack is too low; secondly, electric core is assembled in the battery module, and when electric core takes place thermal runaway and produces a large amount of gas, when leading to inside atmospheric pressure to rise, it is difficult to be effectively quick with gaseous exhaust to there is the risk of explosion.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a battery pack, which can improve the space utilization rate of a battery cell for the battery pack and effectively reduce the explosion risk caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a battery pack, comprising: the shell and the plurality of electric core groups;

the battery core group comprises a plurality of single battery cells, the single battery cells are mutually connected in a mutually leaning and overlapping way along the thickness direction to form an array battery cell, and a pole of each single battery cell is positioned on the side surface of the length direction of the single battery cell;

the electric core groups are positioned in the outer shell, and an exhaust channel is formed between each electric core group and the outer shell.

In one embodiment, the outer shell comprises a bearing frame and a plurality of longitudinal beams arranged on the bearing frame, and the longitudinal beams and the electric core groups are sequentially connected in a staggered manner, so that each electric core group forms the air exhaust channel on the longitudinal beam connected with the electric core group.

In one embodiment, the cell pack further includes two lateral end plates, the two lateral end plates are respectively connected to two adjacent longitudinal beams, one end of each single cell is respectively connected to one of the lateral end plates, and the other end of each single cell is respectively connected to the other lateral end plate.

In one embodiment, the bearing frame comprises a front frame and a rear frame, one end of each longitudinal beam is connected with the front frame, and the other end of each longitudinal beam is connected with the rear frame.

In one embodiment, the cell pack further includes a front end plate and a rear end plate, the front end plate is disposed at the head end of the array cells and connected to the front frame, the rear end plate is disposed at the tail end of the array cells and connected to the rear frame.

In one embodiment, the outer shell further comprises a box plate, the box plate is arranged at the bottom of the bearing frame, the battery pack further comprises buffering foam, and the buffering foam is arranged between the electric core group and the box plate.

In one embodiment, the housing further comprises a case cover, the case cover is buckled on the bearing frame, an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the case cover, and the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust channel are arranged in opposite directions.

In one embodiment, the outer shell further includes a movable beam and a plurality of supporting seats, the movable beam is disposed on the longitudinal beam, the supporting seats are disposed on the movable beam respectively, and the supporting seats are connected to the box cover respectively.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further comprises a liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate is connected to and positioned at the top end of each electric core pack.

An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack of any one of the above.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:

the battery pack and the electric automobile comprise a shell and a plurality of battery core groups, wherein each battery core group comprises a plurality of single battery cores, the single battery cores are mutually connected in a stacked mode along the thickness direction to form an array battery core, a pole of each single battery core is positioned on the side face of the length direction of the single battery core, the plurality of battery core groups are positioned in the shell, an exhaust channel is formed between each battery core group and the shell, and the single battery cores are arranged towards the exhaust channel, so that the explosion risk caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack can be reduced, the welding space for connecting aluminum bars of the single battery cores in series in the vertical direction can be saved, and the space utilization rate in the battery pack can be improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a partial structural view of the battery pack shown in fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electric core assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure a in fig. 3.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It is noted that as used herein, reference to an element being "connected" to another element also means that the element is "in communication" with the other element, and fluid can be in exchange communication between the two.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a battery pack 10 includes a housing 100 and a plurality of cell packs 200, each cell pack 200 includes a plurality of individual cells 211, each individual cell 211 is connected to each other along a thickness direction by overlapping to form an array cell 210, a terminal of each individual cell 211 is located on a side surface of the length direction, the plurality of cell packs 200 are located in the housing 100, and an exhaust passage 130 is formed between each cell pack 200 and the housing 100.

It should be noted that the array cell 210 is formed by mutually stacking and connecting a plurality of individual cells 211, where the thickness direction refers to a normal direction of two side surfaces of the individual cell 211, and a terminal of each individual cell 211 is arranged toward the length direction, for example, the individual cell 211 is a rectangular parallelepiped cell having a certain thickness, the length direction is a direction in which a long side of the individual cell 211 extends, and the terminal is located on a side surface of the individual cell 211 in the length direction, for example, two terminals may be respectively located on two side surfaces of the individual cell 211, or two terminals may be both located on the same side surface of the individual cell 211; further, two sides of the length direction of the battery cell 211 can be spaced from the housing 100 by a certain distance, and each battery cell 211 is spaced from the housing 100, so that the exhaust channel 130 can be formed in the housing 100 and used for overflowing gas, for example, when the battery cell 211 generates a large amount of gas due to thermal runaway, the gas can quickly overflow from the exhaust channel 130 to the outside of the battery pack 10, so as to effectively reduce the explosion risk caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack, and because the pole of each battery cell 211 is laterally arranged, the battery pack 10 can save the welding space for connecting the aluminum bars of each battery cell 211 in series in the Z direction, wherein the Z direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction and the length direction of the battery cell 211, so as to improve the space utilization rate of the battery cell for the battery pack.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2 again, in one embodiment, the outer casing 100 includes a carrying frame 110 and a plurality of longitudinal beams 120 disposed on the carrying frame 110, and each longitudinal beam 120 is sequentially connected to each electric core pack 200 in a staggered manner, so that each electric core pack 200 forms the air exhaust channel 130 on the longitudinal beam 120 connected thereto.

It should be noted that the housing 100 includes the bearing frame 110 and the plurality of longitudinal beams 120, for example, the bearing frame 110 may be rectangular and have four side frames, and each longitudinal beam 120 is disposed on the bearing frame 110, for example, one end of each longitudinal beam 120 is connected to the first side frame, and the other end of each longitudinal beam 120 is connected to the second side frame, wherein the first side frame and the second side frame are oppositely disposed, so that each longitudinal beam 120 divides the rectangular bearing frame 110 into a plurality of regions, and then each electric core pack 200 is disposed in each region, so that each electric core pack 200 and each longitudinal beam 120 are connected in a staggered manner, that is, each two adjacent electric core packs 200 are connected by one longitudinal beam 120, or each two adjacent longitudinal beams 120 are connected by one electric core pack 200, so that there is a certain distance between each electric core pack 200 and its connected longitudinal beam 120, which is the distance from the exhaust passage 130, thus, when a certain single battery cell 211 is out of control due to thermal runaway to generate gas, the gas is discharged from the side surface of the pole, and the side surface of the pole faces the exhaust channel 130, so that the exhaust gas can directly enter the exhaust channel 130 and is further rapidly discharged from the exhaust channel 130 to the outside of the battery pack 10, and thus, the explosion risk caused by thermal runaway occurring in the battery pack 10 can be effectively reduced; further, in the battery pack 10 of the present application, since each of the unit cells 211 is supported by the carrier frame 110 and the side members 120, other regions of the outer case 100 may be formed in a thin plate shape, and the purpose of increasing the utilization rate of the space inside the battery pack 10 can be achieved by reducing the weight and volume of the outer case 100.

In one embodiment, the electric core assembly 200 is provided with one, and two sides of the electric core assembly 200 and two side frames of the bearing frame 110 can form the exhaust channel 130; further, two electric core groups 200 are arranged, one longitudinal beam 120 is arranged, one longitudinal beam 120 can divide the bearing frame 110 into two areas, and the two electric core groups 200 are accommodated in the two areas in a one-to-one correspondence manner; further, the number of the electric core groups 200 can also be three, the number of the longitudinal beams 120 is two, the two longitudinal beams 120 can divide the bearing frame 110 into three areas, and the three electric core groups 200 are accommodated in the three areas in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the number of the electric core groups 200 and the number of the longitudinal beams 120 can be set to be specific values as required.

Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the cell pack 200 further includes two lateral end plates 220, the two lateral end plates 220 are respectively connected to two adjacent longitudinal beams 120, one end of each cell 211 is respectively connected to one of the lateral end plates 220, and the other end of each cell 211 is respectively connected to the other lateral end plate 220.

It should be noted that two lateral end plates 220 are respectively disposed on two sides of the array cell 210, and the two lateral end plates 220 are used to clamp each single cell 211, so that each single cell 211 can be ensured to be kept as a whole.

In one embodiment, the lateral end plate 220 is a Z-shaped plate, wherein one side of the Z-shaped plate is connected to the longitudinal beam 120, and the other side of the Z-shaped plate is connected to each cell 211, so that each cell 211 can be effectively fixed as a whole.

Referring to fig. 2 again, in one embodiment, the bearing frame 110 includes a front frame 111 and a rear frame 112, one end of each longitudinal beam 120 is connected to the front frame 111, and the other end of each longitudinal beam 120 is connected to the rear frame 112.

It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the carrying frame 110 is a rectangular frame, for example, two of the longitudinal beams 120 are respectively located at two ends of the front frame 111, so that the carrying frame 110 can be made into the rectangular frame by using the two outermost longitudinal beams 120, the front frame 111 and the rear frame 112, further, the carrying frame 110 may also include a left side frame and a right side frame, so that the front frame 111, the left side frame, the rear frame 112 and the right side frame are sequentially connected end to form the rectangular frame, wherein, in order to ensure that the left side frame and the right side frame can reliably support the electric core assembly 200, the longitudinal beams 120 are respectively arranged on the left side frame and the right side frame.

Referring to fig. 3 again, in one embodiment, the cell pack 200 further includes a front end plate 230 and a rear end plate 240, the front end plate 230 is disposed at the head end of the array cells 210, the front end plate 230 is connected to the front frame 111, the rear end plate 240 is disposed at the tail end of the array cells 210, and the rear end plate 240 is connected to the rear frame 112.

It should be noted that the front end plate 230 and the rear end plate 240 are respectively disposed at two ends of the array cell 210, and further, the front end plate 230 and the rear end plate 240 are also connected to two lateral end plates 220, so that each individual cell 211 can be clamped and fixed to the array cell 210, the front end plate 230 is connected to the front frame 111, and the rear end plate 240 is connected to the rear frame 112, so as to ensure that the cell pack 200 is reliably fixed to the carrier frame 110.

Referring to fig. 2 again, in one embodiment, the housing 100 further includes a box plate 140, the box plate 140 is disposed at the bottom of the carrying frame 110, the battery pack 10 further includes a buffering foam 300, and the buffering foam 300 is disposed between the cell pack 200 and the box plate 140.

It should be noted that, since each of the individual battery cells 211 is supported and fixed by the supporting frame 110 and the longitudinal beam 120, the rest of the housing 100 can be light-weighted, that is, the box plate 140 can be set to be a thin plate, and then the box plate 140 is fixed to the bottom of the supporting frame 110, so that the bottom of the supporting frame 110 is in a sealed state, in an embodiment, the box plate 140 and the supporting frame 110 are welded and fixed; further, with buffering bubble cotton 300 setting between electric core group 200 and boxboard 140, so, can improve electric core group 200's anticollision ability, can effectively avoid electric core group 200 to damage when the battery package 10 bumps, improve the security.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 again, in an embodiment, the housing 100 further includes a case cover 150, the case cover 150 is fastened to the carrying frame 110, an explosion-proof valve 160 is disposed on the case cover 150, and the explosion-proof valve 160 is disposed opposite to the exhaust channel 130.

It should be noted that the case cover 150 is configured to be fastened to the carrying frame 110, and the bottom of the carrying frame 110 is mounted on the case plate 140, so that the electric core assembly 200 can be sealed in the housing 100, and the explosion-proof valve 160 is mounted on the case cover 150, and the explosion-proof valve 160 is aligned with the air exhaust channel 130, so that when the thermal runaway of the single electric core 211 occurs and generates air, the air can be rapidly exhausted from the air exhaust channel 130 through the explosion-proof valve 160, thereby effectively improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

Referring to fig. 3 again, in an embodiment, the housing 100 further includes a movable beam 170 and a plurality of supporting seats 180, the movable beam 170 is disposed on the longitudinal beam 120, each supporting seat 180 is disposed on the movable beam 170, and each supporting seat 180 is connected to the box cover 150.

It should be noted that, the movable beam 170 and the support seat 180 can be used to fixedly connect the longitudinal beam 120 and the box cover 150, so that the structural strength of the housing 100 can be increased, and the impact resistance of the housing can be improved; in one embodiment, the movable beam 170 is a hollow tubular beam, which can improve the deformation resistance while securing the structural rigidity thereof, and can effectively reduce the weight of the movable beam 170 to improve the specific energy of the battery pack 10, and the movable beam 170 is hollow, so that the influence on the gas flow can be reduced to improve the explosion resistance of the battery pack 10.

Referring again to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the battery pack 10 further includes a liquid-cooling plate 400, and the liquid-cooling plate 400 is connected to and located at the top end of each electric core pack 200.

It should be noted that the liquid cooling plate 400 is used for guiding away the heat generated by the array battery cells 210, and therefore the liquid cooling plate 400 is disposed at the top end of each battery cell pack 200, in an embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 400 is connected to the front end plate 230 and the rear end plate 240, so that the structural stability of the battery cell pack 200 can be improved, and because the liquid cooling plate 400 is located at the top end of the battery cell pack 200, the risk of leakage of the cooling liquid caused by impact on the liquid cooling plate 400 can be reduced, and the safety of the battery pack 10 is effectively improved.

Referring to fig. 1 again, in an embodiment, the battery pack 10 further includes a heat conducting adhesive 500 and a heat insulating foam 600, the heat conducting adhesive 500 is respectively connected to the liquid cooling plate 400 and the array cell 210, and the heat insulating foam 600 is respectively connected to the liquid cooling plate 400 and the case cover 150.

Note that, in order to improve the heat conduction efficiency, the heat conductive adhesive 500 is respectively adhered to the liquid cooling plate 400 and the array cell 210, and further, in order to prevent the heat from being conducted to the case cover 150, the heat insulation foam 600 is disposed between the liquid cooling plate 400 and the case cover 150.

Referring to fig. 1 again, in one embodiment, the housing 100 further includes a sealing rubber ring 190, and the sealing rubber ring 190 is respectively connected to the case cover 150 and the carrying frame 110, so that when the case cover 150 is fastened to the carrying frame 110, the inner electric core assembly 200 can be ensured to be in a sealing state.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2 again, in an embodiment, the battery pack 10 further includes a high voltage box 710, a high voltage output interface 720 and a plurality of copper bars 730, each of the copper bars 730 is used for connecting the electric core sets 200 in series in sequence, then electrically connecting the electric core sets to the high voltage box 710, and finally connecting the high voltage box 710 to the high voltage output interface 720, in an embodiment, the copper bars 730 may also be replaced by conductive structures such as aluminum bars, copper-aluminum composite bars, and the like, so that the high voltage condition of the battery pack 10 can be detected in real time through the high voltage output interface 720, and the safety of the battery pack is effectively improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 again, in an embodiment, the battery pack 10 further includes a battery management module 810, a low voltage output interface 820, and a plurality of low voltage harnesses 830, where the low voltage harnesses 830 are used to electrically connect the low voltage sampling interface of the electric core pack 200 to the battery management module 810 and finally to the low voltage output interface 820, so that the low voltage condition of the battery pack 10 can be detected in real time, and the safety of the battery pack can be effectively improved.

Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, a semi-kidney-shaped hole 221 and two positioning holes 222 are formed in the lateral end plate 220, and the two positioning holes 222 are respectively located at two sides of the semi-kidney-shaped hole 221. It should be noted that, the lateral end plates 220 are provided with the semi-kidney-shaped holes 221, so that two adjacent lateral end plates 220 connected to the same longitudinal beam 120 can share one mounting bolt, thereby saving a fixing space and improving the energy density of the battery pack system.

In one embodiment, the electric vehicle comprises the battery pack 10, so that the battery vehicle using the battery pack 10 can reduce the whole vehicle mass, improve the cruising ability of the electric vehicle and improve the capability of the electric vehicle to deal with thermal runaway.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, comprising: the shell and the plurality of electric core groups;

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the outer casing comprises a carrying frame and a plurality of longitudinal beams arranged on the carrying frame, and the longitudinal beams are sequentially connected with the electric core groups in a staggered manner, so that each electric core group forms the air exhaust channel on the longitudinal beam connected with the electric core group.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the cell pack further comprises two lateral end plates, the two lateral end plates are respectively connected to two adjacent longitudinal beams, one end of each of the individual cells is respectively connected to one of the lateral end plates, and the other end of each of the individual cells is respectively connected to the other lateral end plate.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the carrier frame includes a front frame and a rear frame, one end of each of the longitudinal beams is connected to the front frame, and the other end of each of the longitudinal beams is connected to the rear frame.

5. The battery pack of claim 4, wherein the battery pack further comprises a front end plate and a rear end plate, the front end plate is disposed at the head end of the array battery cell and connected to the front frame, the rear end plate is disposed at the tail end of the array battery cell and connected to the rear frame.

6. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein the outer casing further comprises a box board disposed at the bottom of the carrying frame, and the battery pack further comprises a buffering foam disposed between the cell pack and the box board.

7. The battery pack according to claim 2 or 6, wherein the housing further comprises a case cover, the case cover is fastened on the carrying frame, an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the case cover, and the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust channel are arranged in opposite directions.

8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein the outer shell further comprises a movable beam and a plurality of support seats, the movable beam is disposed on the longitudinal beam, the support seats are respectively disposed on the movable beam, and the support seats are respectively connected to the box cover.

9. The battery pack of claim 1, further comprising a liquid cooling plate connected to and located at the top end of each of the sets of electrical cores.

10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9.