CN113190942B

CN113190942B - Method and device for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of heat supply/cold system and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113190942B
Application number: CN202110412438.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈群; 苟星; 孙勇; 贺克伦; 李霞; 徐飞; 陈磊; 李振元
Original assignee: Tsinghua University; State Grid Jilin Electric Power Corp
Current assignee: Tsinghua University; State Grid Jilin Electric Power Corp
Priority date: 2021-04-16
Filing date: 2021-04-16
Publication date: 2022-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-16
Also published as: CN113190942A

Abstract

The invention provides a method, a device and electronic equipment for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of a heat supply/cold system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a heat flow model of the system according to the structure of the heating/cooling system; determining real-time running state information according to the real-time measurement information of the heating/cooling system; solving a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system; determining the operation states of the heating/cooling system with the virtual energy storage of 0 and the virtual energy storage full according to the solving result of the heat flow model, and calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy release power limit; under any preset adjusting duration, based on real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, solving and optimizing a heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system according to the temperature of heat transfer fluid in a pipe network and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of indoor temperature of a user side; and acquiring the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the heating/cooling system under the adjusting duration according to the optimization result.

Description

Method and device for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of heat supply/cold system and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy utilization, in particular to a method and a device for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of a heat supply/cold system and electronic equipment.

Background

The full utilization of renewable energy is an effective way to realize the sustainable development of energy. However, renewable energy sources such as wind and light have the characteristics of intermittency, volatility and the like, and the adjustment capacity of other equipment, parts or links in the energy system needs to be effectively utilized in large-scale and high-proportion consumption, so that the overall flexibility of the energy system is fully improved.

In order to evaluate the energy storage characteristics of devices, components, links and the like with regulation capability in an energy system, a concept of 'virtual energy storage' is proposed. The flexibility of the energy system can be improved by regulating the energy storage/release process of the virtual energy storage equipment through a centralized/decentralized regulation center or by adopting measures such as time-of-use electricity, heat and gas price and the like.

Devices, components, links, etc. having regulation capabilities in energy systems such as electricity, heat, natural gas, etc. may all be referred to as "virtual energy storage" devices. For example, in a heat transfer system such as a heating system, a cooling system, an envelope such as a building wall, indoor air, furniture, and the like have energy storage characteristics. In addition, the heat supply pipe network or the cold supply pipe network has a longer pipe length, so that the transmission process of the heat energy or the cold energy has an obvious delay effect, and the energy storage characteristic is also realized.

In order to effectively improve the flexibility of the electricity-heat-gas comprehensive energy system, the overall virtual energy storage characteristics of a heat transmission system comprising a pipe network and a building should be evaluated, and coordinated regulation and control should be performed.

In the prior art, the method for evaluating the virtual energy storage capacity of the heat transmission system is simple, and generally only the influence of the heat capacity of the fluid in the building enclosure structure and the heat supply pipe network or the cold supply pipe network on the virtual energy storage capacity is considered, but is irrelevant to the overall operation state and the operation rule of the energy system. Actually, the physical mechanism of the heat energy/cold energy transmission process affects, the delay characteristic of the heat energy/cold energy transmission in the pipe network and the heat capacity characteristic of the building envelope structure and the like are related to other parameters such as the heat exchange characteristic of each heat exchange device/link in the heat supply/cold supply system and the real-time operation state, and the energy storage capacity of the heat supply/cold supply system is affected together. Therefore, the evaluation method for the virtual energy storage capacity of the heating/cooling system in the prior art has a defect in evaluation accuracy.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for calculating the virtual energy storage capacity of a heat supply/cold system and electronic equipment.

The invention provides a method for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of a heating/cooling system, which comprises the following steps:

establishing a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system according to the structure of the heating/cooling system; the heat supply/cold supply system comprises a heat/cold source, a pipe network and a user side; the heat flow model is used for reflecting the overall transmission characteristic and the storage characteristic of heat in the heating/cooling system;

determining real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system according to the real-time measurement information of the heat supply/cooling system;

determining parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, and solving the heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system by combining an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of heat transfer fluid in a pipe network of the heat supply/cooling system and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of indoor air at a user side; according to the solving result of the heat flow model, the operation state that the virtual energy storage of the heat supply/cooling system is 0 and the virtual energy storage is full is determined, and the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the heat supply/cooling system are calculated;

and under any preset adjusting time, based on the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, solving and optimizing a heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system according to the upper limit constraint condition and the lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in the pipe network and the indoor air temperature of the user side, and acquiring the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the heat supply/cooling system under the adjusting time according to an optimization result.

According to the virtual energy storage capacity calculation method of the heat supply/cold system provided by the invention, the system is a heat supply system and comprises the following steps: a thermal power plant or a heating power plant, a primary heat supply pipe network, a secondary heat supply pipe network, a primary heat supply inter-pipe network heat exchange station, a secondary heat supply inter-pipe network heat exchange station, a radiator, a building enclosure structure and a heat consumer;

correspondingly, the heat flow model comprises a control equation of the heat supply pipe network, a control equation set of heat users and a heat release power expression of the thermal power plant or the heating power plant;

or,

the system is a cooling system comprising: a refrigerator, a cooling pipe network, a heat exchanger, a building enclosure structure and a cold user;

correspondingly, the heat flow model comprises a control equation of a cooling pipe network, a control equation set of a cooling user and a refrigerating power expression of the refrigerator.

According to the virtual energy storage capacity calculation method for the heat supply/cold system, the control equation of the heat supply pipe network describes the incidence relation between a heat transfer power matrix in the heat transfer process in the heat supply system and a heat resistance matrix and a temperature difference vector in the heat transfer process in the heat supply system, a heat resistance matrix of an electric heating coupling component in the heat supply system, a heat transfer power matrix of the electric heating coupling component in the heat supply system and an additional electromotive force for describing the heat transfer delay characteristic;

the control equation set of the heat user describes the incidence relation among a heat capacity vector of the heat user side, a temperature vector of a building of the heat user side, a heat power vector of the heat user side and a heat resistance vector of the heat user side;

the expression of the heat release power of the thermal power plant or the thermal power plant describes the correlation between the heat release power of the thermal power plant or the thermal power plant and the mass flow rate of the heat transfer fluid in the heat exchanger, the specific heat capacity of the heat supply working medium, the return water temperature of the thermal power plant or the thermal power plant and the heat supply temperature of the thermal power plant or the thermal power plant.

According to the virtual energy storage capacity calculation method for the heat supply/cold system, the control equation of the cold supply pipe network describes the correlation between a heat transfer power matrix in the heat transfer process of the cold supply system and a heat resistance matrix and a temperature difference vector in the heat transfer process of the cold supply system, a heat resistance matrix of an electrothermal coupling component in the cold supply system, a heat transfer power matrix of an electrothermal coupling component in the cold supply system and an additional electromotive force for describing the heat transfer delay characteristic;

the control equation set of the cold user describes the correlation among a heat capacity vector of the cold user side, a temperature vector of a building of the cold user side, a heat power vector of the cold user side and a heat resistance vector of the cold user side;

the refrigerating power expression of the refrigerator describes the correlation between the refrigerating power of the refrigerator and the mass flow of a cooling pipe network, the specific heat capacity of a cooling medium, the backwater temperature of the refrigerator and the cooling temperature of the refrigerator.

According to the virtual energy storage capacity calculation method of the heat supply/cold system, the system is a heat supply system; correspondingly, the determining the real-time running state information of the system according to the real-time measurement information of the system includes:

obtaining the following data according to flow measuring points and temperature measuring points arranged in the heating system: the mass flow of heat transfer working media in the primary heat supply pipe network and the secondary heat supply pipe network, the heat supply temperature and the return water temperature of a thermal power plant or a thermal power plant, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the cold water side of each heat exchange station, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the hot water side of each heat exchange station, the indoor air temperature of the hot user side, the inner surface temperature and the outer surface temperature of a building enclosure wall and the ambient temperature;

or,

the system is a cooling system; correspondingly, the determining the real-time running state information of the system according to the real-time measurement information of the system includes:

obtaining the flow measurement point and the temperature measurement point according to the arrangement in the cooling system: mass flow of working medium of each cooling pipe network, cooling temperature and return water temperature of the refrigerator, indoor air temperature of a cold user side, internal and external surface temperature of a building enclosure wall body and ambient temperature.

According to the virtual energy storage capacity calculation method of the heat supply/cold system, the system is a heat supply system; correspondingly, the determining the parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time operation state information of the system includes:

determining the delay time of the heat transfer process in the heat supply pipe network according to the length of the pipeline, the cross-sectional area of the pipeline and the flow of the working medium in the heat supply pipe network;

determining the product of the heat exchange area and the heat exchange coefficient of each heat exchange station according to the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the cold water side of each heat exchange station, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the hot water side of each heat exchange station and the mass flow of water in the primary heat supply network and the secondary heat supply network to obtain the heat exchange resistance of the heat exchange stations;

determining heat exchange resistance of the indoor radiator according to the water supply temperature and the air temperature of each hot user;

determining the thermal resistance and thermal capacity of the building envelope structure according to the indoor air temperature, the temperature of the inner side and the outer side of the wall of the building envelope structure and the change of the temperature of the inner side and the outer side of the wall of the building envelope structure and the ambient temperature along with time;

or,

the system is a cooling system; correspondingly, the determining the parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time operation state information of the system includes:

determining the delay time of the heat transfer process in the heat supply network according to the length of the pipeline, the cross-sectional area of the pipeline and the mass flow of the working medium of the cooling pipe network;

determining heat exchange resistance of the indoor heat exchanger according to the temperature of water supplied by each cold user and the temperature of air;

and determining the thermal resistance and the thermal capacity of the building envelope structure according to the indoor air temperature, the temperature of the inner side and the outer side of the wall of the building envelope structure and the change of the temperature and the ambient temperature along with time.

According to the virtual energy storage capacity calculation method of the heat supply/cold system, the system is a heat supply system; correspondingly, the calculating of the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the system according to the solving result of the heat flow model and the running state that the virtual energy storage of the heat supply/cooling system is 0 and the virtual energy storage is full comprises:

calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit of the heat supply system according to the mass flow of the heat transfer fluid in the heat exchanger of the heat supply system, the specific heat capacity of the heat supply working medium, the current heat supply hot water outlet temperature of the thermal power plant or the thermal power plant and the upper limit value of the heat supply hot water outlet temperature of the thermal power plant or the thermal power plant in the heat flow model solving result;

calculating the instantaneous discharge power limit of the heat supply system according to the mass flow of the heat transfer fluid in the heat exchanger of the heat supply system, the specific heat capacity of the heat supply working medium, the current heat supply hot water outlet temperature of the thermal power plant or the thermal power plant and the lower limit value of the heat supply hot water outlet temperature of the thermal power plant in the heat flow model solving result;

or,

calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit of the cooling system according to the mass flow of a cooling pipe network of the cooling system, the specific heat capacity of a cooling working medium, the current hot water supply outlet temperature of the refrigerator and the lower limit value of the outlet temperature of the refrigerator in the heat flow model solving result;

and calculating the instantaneous discharge power limit of the cooling system according to the mass flow of a cooling pipe network of the cooling system, the specific heat capacity of the cooling working medium, the current hot water supply outlet temperature of the refrigerator and the upper limit value of the outlet temperature of the refrigerator in the heat flow model solving result.

The invention also provides a heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation system, which comprises:

the heat flow model establishing module is used for establishing a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system according to the structure of the heating/cooling system; the heating/cooling system comprises a heat/cooling source, a pipe network and a user side; the heat flow model is used for reflecting the overall transmission characteristic and storage characteristic of heat in the heating/cooling system;

the real-time running state information determining module is used for determining the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system according to the real-time measuring information of the heat supply/cooling system;

the instantaneous power limit calculation module is used for determining parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, and solving the heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system by combining an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of heat transfer fluid in a pipe network of the heat supply/cooling system and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of indoor air at a user side; calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the heat supply/cooling system according to the solving result of the heat flow model, the virtual energy storage of the heat supply/cooling system is 0 and the running state of full virtual energy storage;

and the average power limit and capacity calculation module is used for solving and optimizing a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system according to the upper limit constraint condition and the lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in the pipe network and the indoor air temperature of the user side based on the real-time running state information of the heating/cooling system in any preset adjusting time length, and acquiring the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the heating/cooling system in the adjusting time length according to an optimization result.

The invention also provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the steps of the method for calculating the virtual energy storage capacity of the heating/cooling system.

The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method as described.

According to the method, the device and the electronic equipment for calculating the virtual energy storage capacity of the heat supply/cooling system, the heat transfer process is described through thermoelectric simulation by adopting a heat flow method, so that the universal electricity law (such as kirchhoff's law) can be applied to construct the overall constraint of the thermodynamic system, the nonlinear constraint of the heat transfer process can be completely considered, the nonlinear element constraint and the linear topological constraint in the system are separated, the solution and the optimization are facilitated, and the real-time calculation of the virtual energy storage of the heat supply/cooling system is realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of a heating/cooling system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary heating system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exemplary cooling system;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat flow model corresponding to the heating system shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat flow model corresponding to the cooling system of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a system for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of a heating/cooling system according to the present invention

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The following describes a method, an apparatus and an electronic device for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of a heating/cooling system according to the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 7.

The full utilization of renewable energy is an effective way to realize the sustainable development of energy. However, renewable energy sources such as wind and light have the characteristics of intermittency, fluctuation and the like, and the adjustment capacity of other equipment, components or links in the energy system needs to be effectively utilized in large-scale and high-proportion consumption, so that the overall flexibility of the energy system is fully improved.

In order to evaluate the energy storage characteristics of devices, components, links and the like with regulation capability in an energy system, a concept of 'virtual energy storage' is proposed. The flexibility of the energy system can be improved by regulating the energy storage/release process of the virtual energy storage equipment through a centralized/decentralized regulation center or by adopting measures such as time-sharing electricity/heat/gas price and the like.

Devices, components, links, etc. having regulation capabilities in energy systems such as electricity, heat, natural gas, etc. may all be referred to as "virtual energy storage" devices. For example, in a heat transfer system such as a heating system, a cooling system, an envelope such as a building wall, indoor air, furniture, and the like have energy storage characteristics. In addition, the heat supply pipe network or the cold supply pipe network has longer pipeline length, and the transmission process of the heat energy or the cold energy has obvious time delay effect, so the heat supply pipe network or the cold supply pipe network also has the energy storage characteristic.

In the prior art, a method for calculating the virtual energy storage capacity of a heat transmission system is simple, and generally only the influence of the heat capacity of fluid in a building enclosure structure and a heat supply pipe network or a cold supply pipe network on the virtual energy storage capacity is considered, but the method is irrelevant to the overall operation state and the operation rule of an energy system. Actually, the physical mechanism of the heat energy/cold energy transmission process affects, the delay characteristic of the heat energy/cold energy transmission in the pipe network and the heat capacity characteristic of the building envelope structure and the like are correlated with other parameters such as the heat exchange characteristic of each heat exchange device/link in the heat transmission system and the real-time operation state, and the energy storage capacity of the heat transmission system is affected together. Therefore, the evaluation method for the virtual energy storage capacity of the heating/cooling system in the prior art has a defect in evaluation accuracy.

In order to improve the accuracy of evaluating the virtual energy storage capacity of the heating/cooling system, the flexibility indexes such as the energy storage capacity, the energy storage power and the like of the heating/cooling system need to be evaluated in real time, and the real-time flexibility supply capacity of the heating/cooling system is determined.

However, if the influence of the heat energy/cold energy transmission characteristics in the heating/cooling system is to be considered completely, strong nonlinearity existing in the heat transmission constraint may bring difficulty to subsequent solution and optimization, and the simplification of the transmission model will bring errors. The heat flow method describes the heat transfer process through thermoelectric analogy, so that the universal electrical law (such as kirchhoff's law) can be applied to construct the overall constraint of the thermodynamic system, the nonlinear constraint of the heat transfer process can be completely considered, the nonlinear element constraint and the linear topological constraint in the system are separated, and the solution and optimization are facilitated.

Therefore, in the present invention, the heat transmission processes such as migration, transfer, and storage need to be fully considered, the heat supply/cooling system is integrally modeled, the common influence of heat transmission and real-time operation state is taken into consideration, and the real-time calculation of the state, power, and capacity of virtual energy storage of the heat supply/cooling system is realized.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of a heating/cooling system according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for calculating virtual energy storage capacity of a heating/cooling system according to the present invention includes:

step 101, establishing a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system according to the structure of the heating/cooling system.

If the system is a heating system, the system may comprise: thermal/power plants, primary heat grids, secondary heat grids, primary inter-grid heat exchange stations, secondary inter-grid heat exchange stations, radiators, building enclosures, heat consumers, and the like. If the system is a cooling system, the system may include: refrigerating machines, cold networks, heat exchangers, building enclosures, cold consumers and the like.

After the structure of the system is determined, a corresponding heating/cooling system model can be established according to the structure.

In this embodiment, when a model is established for a heating/cooling system, various factors such as environmental temperature change, delay effect and heat leakage characteristic (cold leakage characteristic) of heat (cold) transmission in a heating network (a cooling network), dynamic response of indoor temperature, and heat (cold) transmission or storage characteristic of a building envelope need to be considered based on a heat flow method. The established heat flow model of the heating/cooling system can reflect the overall transmission and storage characteristics of heat in the heating/cooling system.

In other embodiments of the present invention, a specific representation of a heat flow model of a heating/cooling system will be described.

And 102, determining real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system according to the real-time measurement information of the heat supply/cooling system.

In heating/cooling systems, some of the property information remains substantially unchanged during operation of the heating/cooling system. These attribute information are referred to as inherent attribute information in the present invention. For example, the heat exchange area and heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchange station and the heat exchanger on the heat user side in the heat supply system, the heat capacity of the building enclosure, and the heat exchange area, heat exchange coefficient and heat capacity of the building enclosure of each heat exchanger in the cooling system.

In a heating/cooling system, some attribute information may change with the operation of the heating/cooling system. These attribute information are referred to as real-time operation state information in the present invention. For example, the thermal resistance is a function of the heat exchange coefficient, the heat exchange area and the mass flow of the working medium, and when the heat exchange coefficient and the heat exchange area of the system are fixed and the mass flow changes, the thermal resistance also changes. Therefore, the thermal resistance is real-time operating state information. Similarly, the temperature, mass flow and heat exchange amount of each part in the heating/cooling system also belong to the real-time operation state information.

In this step, real-time measurement information of the heating/cooling system is acquired, and the inherent attribute information and the real-time operation state information of the heating/cooling system are determined according to the information. Wherein the real-time operating state information is applied in the subsequent heat flow model solution.

For example, based on the topology of the pipe network, the delay characteristics of the pipes are determined based on data such as the length of the pipes and the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid in the pipe network (or based on the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the thermal power plant/chiller and at the inlet of the heat exchanger).

For another example, the heat exchange area and the heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchange station are determined according to the temperature, the flow and other data of the inlet and the outlet of the heat transfer fluid at the hot side (cold side) of the heat exchange station.

For another example, the heat exchange area and heat exchange coefficient of the indoor radiator and the heat capacity and heat resistance of the building envelope are determined according to the data such as the supply and return temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid in the heat supply network/cold supply network, the indoor temperature, the temperature of the inner side and the outer side of the building wall body, the ambient temperature and the like.

The specific implementation manner of determining the real-time operation state of the heating/cooling system according to the real-time measurement information of the heating/cooling system is not limited to the above example.

103, determining parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, and solving the heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system by combining an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of heat transfer fluid in a pipe network of the heat supply/cooling system and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the indoor air temperature of a user side; and determining the virtual energy storage amount of the heat supply/cooling system to be 0 and the running state of full virtual energy storage according to the solving result of the heat flow model, and calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the heat supply/cooling system.

In the following embodiments, the implementation of this step will be further described.

And 104, under any preset adjusting time, based on real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, solving and optimizing a heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system according to the upper limit constraint condition and the lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in the pipe network and the indoor air temperature of the user side, and acquiring the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the heat supply/cooling system under the adjusting time according to an optimization result.

The method for calculating the virtual energy storage capacity of the heat supply/cooling system adopts a heat flow method to describe the heat transfer process through thermoelectric analogy, so that the universal electrical law (such as kirchhoff's law) can be applied to construct the overall constraint of the thermodynamic system, the nonlinear constraint of the heat transfer process can be completely considered, the nonlinear element constraint and the linear topological constraint in the system are separated, the solution and the optimization are facilitated, and the real-time calculation of the virtual energy storage of the heat supply/cooling system is realized.

The process of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical heating system. As shown in fig. 2, the heating system includes a thermal/power plant, a primary heat network, a secondary heat network, a primary inter-heat-network heat exchange station, a secondary inter-heat-network heat exchange station, an indoor radiator, a building envelope, a heat consumer, and the like.

In general, the energy source of the heating system is a cogeneration power plant (referred to as a thermal power plant) or a heating power plant. Hot water from the thermal power plant/thermal power plant is conveyed to each regional heat exchange station through the primary heat supply network, after heat is transferred to secondary network water through the heat exchange stations, heat supply backwater of each regional heat exchange station is mixed and flows back to the thermal power plant/thermal power plant. Meanwhile, in the heat exchange station, the secondary network water heated by the primary network hot water flows to each heat user through a secondary heat network with a series or parallel structure. Each hot user may be a certain building, a certain unit in a building or a certain room.

Thermal power plants consume energy sources such as coal or natural gas, and simultaneously generate electric energy and heat energy. The electric energy meets the electric load of the user through the power grid, and the heat energy is supplied to the heat user through the heat supply system. Due to the constraint relation between the electricity and the heat output of the cogeneration unit and the influence of the heat output, the adjusting range of the electricity output of the cogeneration unit is reduced, and the flexibility of an energy system is reduced. However, renewable energy sources have intermittency and volatility, and a system for absorbing the requirements of the renewable energy sources provides a great deal of flexibility, that is, in order to absorb more wind power, photovoltaic power generation and the like, a thermal power plant needs to have strong power and thermal output adjusting capability. At the moment, the adjusting range of the heat output of the cogeneration unit can be improved by utilizing the virtual energy storage characteristics of a building enclosure mechanism, indoor air and furniture and a heat supply pipe network in the heat supply system, so that the adjusting range of the electric output of the cogeneration unit is further improved.

A heat flow model of the heating system may be established based on a heat flow method. Based on the heating system shown in fig. 2, a heat flow model of the heating system shown in fig. 4 can be established in the present embodiment. From top to bottom in fig. 4, heat is transferred from the thermal power plant units to the thermal users. The three branches on the left side represent the heat dissipation situation of each section of water supplied by the primary heat supply network, the three longer branches on the right side represent the heat supply situations of three heat sub-users separated from the three heat exchange stations, and each heat sub-user comprises the transportation of the secondary heat supply network, the heat supply process in the building, the volume characteristic of the building enclosure and the heat dissipation of the building to the external environment. The lower three shorter branches at the right represent the heat dissipation situation of the primary heat supply network backwater to the environment at each section, and the final backwater is the temperature T before entering the thermal power plant _CHP,in . The meaning of each temperature, thermal resistance, thermal kinetic force, thermal flow and the like are illustrated in the figure, and the

subscripts

1,2, … i represent the 1,2, … i thermal users.

According to kirchhoff's law, a control equation of a heat supply pipe network in a heat supply system can be written in a matrix form as follows:

Φ＝R _h ^-1 (ΔT+R _h,CS Φ _CS -ε _h,delay ) (1)

wherein R is _h And phi is the heat resistance matrix and heat transfer power matrix in heat transfer process in heat supply system, delta T is temperature difference vector, R is _h,CS And phi _CS Respectively a thermal resistance matrix and a heat transfer power matrix of an electrothermal coupling component (such as a combined heat and power plant) in a heating system _h,delay Is an additional electromotive force that describes the heat transport delay characteristics.

Taking the example of fig. 4 in which there are three regional hot users (i.e., i = 3), and the building of each regional hot user has m floors, the items can be expressed as:

Φ＝(Φ _e,1 ,Φ _ssec,1 ,Φ _ee,2 ,Φ _ssec,2 ,Φ _ee,3 ,Φ _sec,2 ,Φ _e,re,3 ,Φ _e,re,2 ,Φ _e,re,1 ) ^T (2)

wherein,

in the above expression, [ phi ] _e,i Represents the heat dissipation capacity phi of the water supply section of the ith district heating primary network _e,re,i Represents the heat dissipation capacity phi of the i-th district heating primary network backwater section _sec,i The heat exchange quantity of the secondary inter-network heat exchanger of the ith area primary network is represented; t is _CHP,in For returning water of thermal power plant(ii) a temperature; t is _CHP,out Supplying heat to the thermal power plant; t is _air,i Represents the indoor air temperature of the i-th zone; t is _e Represents the ambient temperature;

which represents the mass flow of the hot fluid of the heat exchanger,

the mass flow of the hot water side of the heat exchange station is represented, namely the mass flow of a primary heat supply network;

representing the mass flow of the cold fluid of the heat exchanger,

representing the mass flow of the heat exchanger cold fluid in the ith zone; c. C _p The specific heat capacity of the heat supply working medium is represented; epsilon _e And epsilon _e,re The corrected electromotive force of the driving potential of the heat leakage of the pipeline is shown due to the change of the environmental temperature; phi _CHP The heat-releasing power of the thermal power plant will be further described later; m represents the total number of floors for each hot user.

Δt＝L/v (13)

Δ t is the time difference between the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe of the heating fluid. L and v are respectively the length of the pipeline and the flow speed of the working medium. K is the heat transfer coefficient, p is the pipe perimeter, ρ is the fluid density, c is the fluid specific heat capacity, and S is the pipe cross-sectional area.

ε _p Describing the temperature T of the fluid flowing into the pipe at time T _i (T) until the temperature T at which the part of the fluid flows out of the pipe at the time T + delta T _o Temperature difference between (t + Δ t):

wherein,

representing the integral variable.

ε _Δt Describing the temperature T of an outlet due to the delta T time difference of the inlet and the outlet of a working medium _i Modified electromotive force at time t translated to the inlet:

R _e thermal resistance, R, for heat supply pipes to dissipate heat to the environment _e,re The thermal resistance for the heat dissipation of the return water pipeline to the environment is the same in expression, and R is used _e For example, the expression is:

the thermal resistance of the jth layer of the ith zone heat consumer can be R _heat,i,j Expressed as:

k _h,i,j and A _h,i,j Respectively the equivalent heat exchange coefficient and the heat exchange area of each layer of heat exchanger in the heat exchange process.

R _pri-sec The heat flow resistance of the heat exchanger is expressed as follows:

k _pri-sec the heat exchange coefficient of the counter-flow heat exchanger of the heat exchange station; a. The _pri-sec The heat exchange area of the counter-flow heat exchanger of the heat exchange station.

Besides the heat supply pipe network, the heat supply system also comprises heat users, and the expression of the control equation set is as follows:

wherein,

wherein, T _w,inl ，T _w,mid ，T _w,out The temperatures of the building wall at the indoor side wall, the wall center and the outdoor side wall are respectively. Phi _indoor Indicates the heat generation power of the indoor heat source, phi _sun-wall Which represents the thermal power absorbed by the building envelope as a result of solar radiation. R _h,conv,ins Is the thermal resistance, R, of indoor air to the building wall _h,cond,ins Is the thermal resistance, R, of the inner surface of the wall to the intermediate node of the wall _h,cond,outs The intermediate nodes of the wall passing to the outer surface of the wallThermal resistance, R _h,conv,outs The thermal resistance of the outer surface of the wall to the environment is represented by the following expressions:

wherein h is _indoor Is the convective heat transfer coefficient, h, of the inside of the wall _outdoor Is the convective heat transfer coefficient outside the wall. A. The _indoor Is the convective heat transfer area of the inside of the wall, A _outdoor The convection heat transfer area outside the wall. l. the _wall Thickness of the wall, λ _wall Is the thermal conductivity of the wall.

C _h,air Is the heat capacity of indoor air, C _h,ins Is 1/4,C of building wall heat capacity _h,mid Is 1/2,C of building wall heat capacity _h,outs Is 1/4 of the heat capacity of the building wall:

C _h,air ＝ρ _room c _room V _room (30)

where ρ is _room Is the density of the indoor air, p _wall Is the density of the building wall, c _room Is the specific heat capacity of the room air, c _wall Is the specific heat capacity, V, of the building wall _room Is the volume of indoor air, V _wall Is the volume of the building wall.

For a thermal power plant, the heat release power is as follows:

the above is a description of the heat flow model of the heating system, and as can be seen from the above description, the heat flow model of the heating system includes a description of the heating network, the heat consumers and the thermal power plant in the heating system.

On the basis of a heat flow model of the heating system, the real-time running state of the heating system needs to be further acquired, so that a basis is provided for virtual energy storage assessment of the heating system.

The acquiring of the real-time operation state of the heating system may specifically include:

obtaining the following data according to flow measuring points and temperature measuring points arranged in the heating system: the mass flow of water in the primary heat supply network and the secondary heat supply network, the heat supply temperature and the return water temperature of the cogeneration power plant, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the cold water side of each heat exchange station, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the hot water side of each heat exchange station, the indoor air temperature, the internal and external surface temperature of the building enclosure wall body and the ambient temperature.

According to the real-time running state of the heating system, parameters in a heat flow model of the heating system can be further calculated. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

determining the delay time delta t of the heat transfer process in the heat supply network according to the length of the pipeline, the cross-sectional area of the pipeline and the flow of the working medium in the heat supply network;

determining the product of the heat exchange area and the heat exchange coefficient of each heat exchange station, namely the heat exchange thermal resistance of the heat exchange stations according to the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the cold water side of each heat exchange station, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the hot water side of each heat exchange station and the mass flow of water in the primary heat supply network and the secondary heat supply network;

determining heat exchange resistance of the indoor radiator according to the water supply temperature and the air temperature of each heat user;

Meanwhile, the indoor temperature and the water temperature in the pipe network need to meet the system operation requirements, namely:

wherein,

and with

Respectively a maximum indoor temperature value and a minimum indoor temperature value,

the temperature of the hot water outlet of the thermal power plant is limited.

For heating systems, when the indoor temperature of the building is at a lower limit

When the flow of the secondary heat supply network is maximum, determining the operation parameters of each part of the system according to the heat flow model and the structural parameters of the system, and further obtaining the lowest value of the water supply temperature of the thermal power plant

At the moment, the heating system operates at the lower boundary, and theoretical virtual energy storage is realizedThe quantity 0 no longer has the ability to release heat.

When the indoor temperature of the building is at the upper limit value

And the temperature of the supplied water of the thermal power plant reaches the upper limit value

And determining the operation parameters of each part of the system according to the heat flow model and the structural parameters of the system. At the moment, the heating system operates on the upper boundary, the theoretical virtual energy storage reaches the full storage state, and the energy storage capacity is no longer realized.

When the heating system operates between the upper and lower boundaries, the energy storage and discharge capacity is provided. However, the state of theoretically full storage is not necessarily achieved in the actual energy storage process, or the state of theoretically 0 storage is not necessarily achieved in the actual energy release process, and a certain energy storage depth or energy release depth exists. In addition, the actual maximum heat storage amount and the actual maximum heat release amount of the heat supply system are not fixed, but are influenced by the operation of the system and the time for storing or releasing energy, and can change.

The energy storage capacity of the heating system in the current state can be evaluated from the three aspects of the instantaneous energy storage power limit, the average energy storage power limit and the energy storage capacity through the current and historical operation data of the system. Similarly, the discharge capacity of the heating system in the current state can be evaluated from three aspects of the instantaneous discharge power limit, the average discharge power limit and the discharge capacity.

The instantaneous energy storage power limit is the maximum value of the instantaneous heat generation energy up-regulation of the thermal power plant

Represents; the instantaneous discharge power limit is the maximum value of the down-regulation of the instantaneous heat production capacity of the thermal power plant

And (4) showing. The calculation formula of the two is as follows:

wherein,

the outlet temperature of the current hot supply water of the thermal power plant is obtained.

According to the formula, the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit can be calculated by combining the model and the real-time operation state of the system (the outlet temperature and the mass flow of the thermal power plant at the moment).

The average energy storage power limit and the average energy discharge power limit of the virtual energy storage of the heating system are dynamically changed along with the change of the length of the adjusting period. For a certain adjustment duration t _dispatch (for example, 15 min), under the system constraints of an upper limit of the indoor air temperature, a lower limit of the indoor air temperature, a temperature limit of an outlet of a thermal power plant and the like, according to the system structure and the operation parameters, solving the whole heat flow model of the heating system and optimizing (the optimization algorithm can select a conventional genetic algorithm, and is not limited), and obtaining the average energy storage power limit of the heating system in the regulation period

And average discharge power limit

The system is in the current operation state, and in the adjusting time period t _dispatch Maximum total energy of the internal energy store, i.e. the current system during the regulation period t _dispatch Internal energy storage capacity E _charg (ii) a Or during the adjustment period t _dispatch The maximum total energy released by the internal energy, i.e. the current system during the regulation period t _dispatch Internal discharge capacity E _discharg . The calculation formulas of the two are respectively as follows:

from the above formula, the energy storage capacity in the specified adjustment time period is the product of the average energy storage power limit of the system in the specified adjustment time period and the adjustment time period; the discharge capacity in a given regulation period is the product of the average discharge power limit of the system in the given regulation period and the regulation duration.

At this point, the instantaneous energy storage power limit, the instantaneous energy discharge power limit, the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the virtual energy storage of the heating system in different adjustment time lengths (such as 15min,30min,1h and the like) from the current moment can be evaluated on line. Adjusting the time duration t _dispatch Different, the virtual energy storage of the obtained heating system is different, and online evaluation is performed according to the real-time scheduling requirement of the energy system.

In the foregoing, it has been mentioned that heating/cooling systems are generally divided into two types, one being a heating system and the other being a cooling system. In this embodiment, a cooling system is taken as an example to further explain the implementation process of the method of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary cooling system. As shown in fig. 3, the refrigeration system includes a refrigerator, a cooling pipe network, a heat exchanger, a cooling user, a building envelope, and the like.

Typically, the energy source of the cooling system is a chiller. The cold water from the refrigerator is delivered to each area through the cold supply pipe network and flows to each cold user through the cold supply pipe network with a serial or parallel structure. Each cold user may be a building, a unit in a building, or a room.

The refrigerator consumes electric energy, and the electric energy is supplied by renewable energy sources in an energy system, a conventional thermal power plant and the like together. Similarly, because the renewable energy source has intermittence and fluctuation, a consumption demand system provides a great deal of flexibility, the regulation capacity of the conventional thermal power plant is limited, and the thermal power plant cannot provide enough space for the renewable energy source to generate power even if the lower regulation power reaches the lower limit, so that the electricity consumption of the refrigerator can be increased to improve the electricity load and consume the renewable energy source. Meanwhile, the situation that the power generation of the system is insufficient at the moment of the power utilization peak possibly exists, and the refrigerator can reduce the power consumption to relieve the power utilization peak. The increase or decrease of the cold output of the refrigerating machine is absorbed by the virtual energy storage of the cold supply system, and the overall flexibility of the system is improved. In the cooling system, the heat capacity of building wall and other enclosing structures and indoor air has the energy storage characteristic, and meanwhile, as the cooling pipe network has a certain pipeline length, the transmission process of the cold energy also has the time delay effect, so that the energy storage characteristic can be embodied.

A thermal flow model of the cooling system may be established based on a thermal flow method. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat flow model of a cooling system. In fig. 5, from top to bottom, the cold is transferred from the refrigerator to the cold user. The three branches on the left side represent the heat dissipation situation of each section of water supplied by the cooling pipe network, the three longer branches on the right side represent the cooling situations of three chiller users, and each chiller user comprises a cooling supply process in a building, the capacity characteristic of a building enclosure and the heat dissipation of the building to the external environment. The lower three shorter branches at the right represent the heat dissipation situation of each section of return water of the cooling pipe network to the environment, and the final return water is the temperature T before entering the refrigerator _ref,in . The meaning of each temperature, thermal resistance, thermal kinetic force, thermal flow and the like are illustrated in the figure, and the

subscripts

1,2, … i represent the 1,2, … i cold users.

According to kirchhoff's law, a control equation of a cooling pipe network can be written in a matrix form as follows:

Φ＝R _h ^-1 (ΔT+R _h,CS Φ _CS -ε _h,delay ) (41)

wherein R is _h And phi is the heat resistance matrix and heat transfer power matrix in the heat transfer process in the cooling system, delta T is the temperature difference vector, R _h,CS And phi _CS Respectively, thermal resistance matrixes of electrothermal coupling parts (e.g. refrigerators) in cooling systemsWith heat transfer power matrix, epsilon _h,delay Is an additional electromotive force that describes the heat transport delay characteristics. Taking the example of fig. 5 where i =3, that is, there are three regional cooling users, and the building of each regional cooling user has m floors, the items can be expressed as:

Φ＝(Φ _e,1 ,Φ _cool,1 ,Φ _e,2 ,Φ _cool,2 ,Φ _e,3 ,Φ _cool,2 ,Φ _e,re,3 ,Φ _e,re,2 ,Φ _e,re,1 ) ^T (42)

wherein:

in the above expression, [ phi ] _e,i Representing the heat exchange quantity between the cooling and water supply section of the ith area and the environment; phi _e,re,i Representing the heat exchange quantity between the cooling and water returning section of the ith area and the environment; phi (phi) of _cool,i The cooling capacity of the ith area is represented; t is _ref,in The temperature of the returned water of the refrigerator is set; t is _ref,out Supplying the refrigerating machine with cooling temperature; t is _air Is the indoor air temperature; t is _e Is ambient temperature;

in order to supply the mass flow of the cooling pipe network,

mass flow of the cooling pipe network of the ith area; c. C _p Is the specific heat capacity of the cooling working medium; epsilon _e And epsilon _e,re The method is characterized in that the correction electromotive force of the heat leakage driving potential of the pipeline due to the change of the environmental temperature:

Δt＝L/v (53)

Δ t is the time difference between the cold supply fluid flowing into the pipe and flowing out of the pipe. L and v are respectively the length of the pipeline and the flow speed of the working medium. K is the heat transfer coefficient, p is the pipe perimeter, ρ is the fluid density, c is the fluid specific heat capacity, and S is the pipe cross-sectional area.

ε _p Describing flow into the pipe at time tBody temperature T _i (T) until the temperature T at which the part of the fluid exits the pipe at time T + Δ T _o Temperature difference between (t + Δ t):

R _e thermal resistance for heat exchange between the cooling pipeline and the environment; r is _e,re The thermal resistance of the heat exchange between the water return pipeline and the environment is the same as the expression of the heat exchange between the water return pipeline and the environment, and R is used _e For example, the expression is:

thermal resistance R of jth layer of ith zone cold user _heat,i,j Expressed as:

k _h,i,j the equivalent heat exchange coefficient of each layer of heat exchanger in the heat exchange process; a. The _h,i,,j The heat exchange area of each layer of heat exchanger in the heat exchange process.

The cold supply system comprises cold users besides a cold supply pipe network, and the expression of a control equation set is as follows:

wherein:

wherein, T _w,inl ，T _w,mid ，T _w,out The temperatures of the building wall at the indoor side wall, the wall center and the outdoor side wall are respectively. Phi _indoo Indicates the heat generation power of the indoor heat source, phi _sun-wal Which represents the thermal power absorbed by the building envelope as a result of solar radiation. R _h,conv,ins Is the thermal resistance, R, of indoor air to the building wall _h,cond,ins Is the thermal resistance, R, of the inner surface of the wall to the intermediate node of the wall _h,cond,outs Is the thermal resistance, R, of the wall intermediate node to the wall outer surface _h,conv,outs The thermal resistance of the outer surface of the wall to the environment is represented by the following expressions:

wherein h is _indoor Is the convective heat transfer coefficient, h, of the inside of the wall _outdoor Is the convective heat transfer coefficient outside the wall. A. The _indoor Is the convective heat transfer area of the inner side of the wall, A _outdoor The convection heat transfer area outside the wall. l _wall Is the thickness of the wall, λ _wall Is the thermal conductivity of the wall.

C _h,air ＝ρ _room c _room V _room (69)

wherein ρ _room Is the density of the indoor air, p _wall Is the density of the building wall, c _room Is the specific heat capacity of the room air, c _wall Is the specific heat capacity, V, of the building wall _room Is the volume of room air, V _wall Is the volume of the building wall.

For the refrigerating machine, the refrigerating power is as follows:

the above is a description of the heat flow model of the cooling system, and as can be seen from the above description, the heat flow model of the cooling system includes descriptions of the cooling pipe network, the cooling users, and the refrigerators in the cooling system.

On the basis of a heat flow model of the cooling system, the real-time running state of the cooling system needs to be further acquired, so that a basis is provided for virtual energy storage evaluation of the cooling system.

The acquiring of the real-time operation state of the cooling system may specifically include:

obtaining the flow measurement point and the temperature measurement point according to the arrangement of the cooling system: mass flow of working medium of each cooling pipe network, cooling temperature and return water temperature of the refrigerating machine, indoor air temperature, internal and external surface temperature of the building enclosure wall body and ambient temperature.

Parameters in the heat flow model of the cooling system can be further calculated according to the real-time operating state of the cooling system. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

determining the delay time delta t of the heat transfer process in the heat supply network according to the length of the pipeline, the cross-sectional area of the pipeline and the mass flow of the working medium of the cooling pipe network;

determining heat exchange resistance of the indoor heat exchanger according to the temperature of the water supply of each cold user and the temperature of air;

and determining the thermal resistance and thermal capacity of the building envelope structure according to the indoor air temperature, the temperature of the inner side and the outer side of the wall of the building envelope structure and the change of the temperature of the inner side and the outer side of the wall of the building envelope structure and the ambient temperature along with time.

Simultaneously, the temperature of indoor air and the temperature in the pipe network need satisfy the system operation requirement, promptly:

wherein,

and

is the lower limit of the outlet temperature of the refrigerator.

For the virtual energy storage of the cooling system, when the indoor temperature of the building is an upper limit value

When the flow of the pipe network is maximum, the operation parameters of each part of the system are determined according to the heat flow model and the structural parameters of the system, and then the maximum value of the water supply temperature of the refrigerator is obtained

In this state, the cooling system has been operated at the lower boundary, the theoretical virtual stored cooling capacity is 0, and the capacity to release cooling capacity is no longer available. Similarly, when the indoor temperature is the lower limit value

And the water supply temperature of the refrigerating machine reaches the lower limit value

And determining the operation parameters of each part of the system according to the heat flow model and the structural parameters of the system. In this state, the cooling system is already running on the upper boundary, the virtual cold storage reaches the theoretical full storage state, and the capacity of cold storage is no longer available. In fact, there is the ability to store and release cold when the cooling system is operating between the upper and lower boundaries. However, in the actual cold storage process, the state of theoretically full storage is not necessarily achieved, or in the actual cold release process, the state of theoretically 0 cold storage is not necessarily achieved, and there is a certain cold storage depth or cold release depth. In addition, the maximum cooling capacity that can be actually stored in the cooling system or the maximum cooling capacity that can be actually discharged is not fixed, but is affected by the operation of the system and the length of time for storing or discharging energy, and changes.

The energy storage capacity of the cooling system in the current state can be evaluated in three aspects of instantaneous energy storage power limit, average energy storage power limit and energy storage capacity through current and historical operating parameters of the system. Similarly, the discharge capacity of the cooling system at the current state can be evaluated from three aspects of the instantaneous discharge power limit, the average discharge power limit and the discharge capacity.

The instantaneous energy storage power limit is the maximum value of the instantaneous refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine, and is used

Represents; the instantaneous energy discharge power limit is the maximum value of the instantaneous refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine which can be adjusted downwards, and the use

And (4) showing. The calculation formula of the two is as follows:

wherein,

the outlet temperature of the hot water is currently supplied to the refrigerator.

The average energy storage power limit and the average energy discharge power limit of the virtual energy storage of the cooling system are dynamically changed along with the change of the length of the adjusting period. For a certain adjustment duration t _dispatch (for example, 15 min), under the system constraints of an upper limit of the indoor air temperature, a lower limit of the indoor air temperature, a temperature limit of an outlet of a refrigerating machine and the like, according to the system structure and the operation parameters, solving the overall heat flow model of the cooling system and optimizing (the optimization algorithm can select a conventional genetic algorithm, and is not limited), and obtaining the average energy storage power limit of the cooling system in the regulation period

And average discharge power limit

The system is in the current operation state, and in the adjusting time period t _dispatch Maximum total energy of the internal energy store, i.e. the current system during the regulation period t _dispatch Internal energy storage capacity E _charg (ii) a Or during the adjustment period t _dispatch The maximum total energy released by the internal energy, i.e. the current system during the regulation period t _dispatch Internal discharge capacity E _discharge . The calculation formulas of the two are respectively as follows:

from the formula, the energy storage capacity in the specified adjusting time period is the product of the average energy storage power limit and the adjusting time period of the system in the specified adjusting time period; the discharge capacity in the specified regulation period is the product of the average discharge power limit and the regulation duration of the system in the specified regulation period.

At this point, the instantaneous energy storage power limit, the instantaneous energy discharge power limit, the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the virtual energy storage of the cooling system in different adjustment time lengths (such as 15min,30min,1h and the like) from the current moment can be evaluated on line. Adjusting the time duration t _dispatch Different, the obtained virtual energy storage of the cooling system is different, and online evaluation is performed according to the real-time scheduling requirement of the energy system.

The heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation system provided by the invention is described below, and the heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation system described below and the heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method described above can be referred to correspondingly.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation system provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation system provided by the present invention includes:

a heat flow model creating module 601, configured to create a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system according to a structure of the heating/cooling system; the heat supply/cold supply system comprises a heat/cold source, a pipe network and a user side; the heat flow model is used for reflecting the overall transmission characteristic and storage characteristic of heat in the heating/cooling system;

a real-time operation status information determining module 602, configured to determine real-time operation status information of the heat heating/cooling system according to the real-time measurement information of the heat heating/cooling system;

an instantaneous power limit calculation module 603, configured to determine a parameter value in the thermal flow model according to the real-time operating state information of the heating/cooling system, and solve the thermal flow model of the heating/cooling system in combination with an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of a temperature of a heat transfer fluid in a pipe network of the heating/cooling system and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of an indoor air temperature at a user side; according to the solving result of the heat flow model, the operation state that the virtual energy storage of the heat supply/cooling system is 0 and the virtual energy storage is full is determined, and the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the heat supply/cooling system are calculated;

the average power limit and capacity calculation module 604 is configured to, at any preset adjustment duration, solve and optimize a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system according to an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of a heat transfer fluid temperature in a pipe network and an indoor air temperature at a user side based on real-time operation state information of the heating/cooling system, and obtain an average energy storage power limit, an average energy discharge power limit, an energy storage capacity, and an energy discharge capacity of the heating/cooling system at the adjustment duration according to an optimization result.

The heat supply/cold system virtual energy storage capacity calculation system provided by the invention describes the heat transfer process by adopting a heat flow method through thermoelectric analogy, so that the universal electrical law (such as kirchhoff's law) can be applied to construct the overall constraint of a thermodynamic system, the nonlinear constraint of the heat transfer process can be completely considered, the nonlinear element constraint and the linear topological constraint in the system are separated, the solution and optimization are facilitated, and the real-time calculation of the virtual energy storage of the heat supply/cold system is realized.

Fig. 7 illustrates a physical structure diagram of an electronic device, which may include, as shown in fig. 7: a processor (processor) 710, a communication Interface (Communications Interface) 720, a memory (memory) 730, and a communication bus 740, wherein the processor 710, the communication Interface 720, and the memory 730 communicate with each other via the communication bus 740. The processor 710 may call logic instructions in the memory 730 to perform a heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method, the method comprising:

establishing a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system according to the structure of the heating/cooling system; the heating/cooling system comprises a heat/cooling source, a pipe network and a user side; the heat flow model is used for reflecting the overall transmission characteristic and storage characteristic of heat in the heating/cooling system;

In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 730 can be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and various media capable of storing program codes.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions, which when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

determining parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, and solving the heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system by combining an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of heat transfer fluid in a pipe network of the heat supply/cooling system and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of indoor air at a user side; determining the virtual energy storage of the heating/cooling system to be 0 and the running state of full virtual energy storage according to the solving result of the heat flow model, and calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the heating/cooling system;

and under the preset adjusting duration, based on the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, solving and optimizing a heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system according to the heat transfer fluid temperature in the pipe network and the upper limit constraint condition and the lower limit constraint condition of the indoor air temperature of the user side, and acquiring the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the heat supply/cooling system under the adjusting duration according to an optimization result.

In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor is implemented to perform the heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method provided in each of the above, the method including:

establishing a heat flow model of the heating/cooling system according to the structure of the heating/cooling system; the heating/cooling system comprises a heat/cooling source, a pipe network and a user side; the heat flow model is used for reflecting the overall transmission characteristic and the storage characteristic of heat in the heating/cooling system;

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. Based on the understanding, the above technical solutions substantially or otherwise contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

establishing a heat flow model of the system according to the structure of the heating/cooling system; the heat supply/cold supply system comprises a heat/cold source, a pipe network and a user side; the heat flow model is used for reflecting the overall transmission characteristic and storage characteristic of heat in the heating/cooling system;

determining parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, and solving the heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system by combining an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of heat transfer fluid in a pipe network of the heat supply/cooling system and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the indoor temperature of a user side; determining the operation state of the heating/cooling system with the virtual energy storage of 0 and the virtual energy storage full according to the solving result of the heat flow model, and calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the heating/cooling system;

under any preset adjusting time, based on real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, according to the upper limit constraint condition and the lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of heat transfer fluid in a pipe network and the indoor temperature of a user side, a heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system is solved and optimized, and according to an optimization result, the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the heat supply/cooling system under the adjusting time are obtained.

2. A heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method according to claim 1, wherein the system is a heating system, comprising: a thermal power plant or a heating power plant, a primary heat supply pipe network, a secondary heat supply pipe network, a primary heat supply inter-pipe network heat exchange station, a secondary heat supply inter-pipe network heat exchange station, a radiator, a building enclosure structure and a heat consumer;

or,

the system is a cooling system comprising: the system comprises a refrigerator, a cooling pipe network, a heat exchanger, a building enclosure structure and a cooling user;

3. The method for calculating the virtual energy storage capacity of the heating/cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the control equation of the heating pipe network describes the correlation between a heat transfer power matrix of a heat transfer process in the heating system and a heat resistance matrix, a temperature difference vector, a heat resistance matrix of an electrothermal coupling component in the heating system, a heat transfer power matrix of an electrothermal coupling component in the heating system and an additional electromotive force for describing heat transfer delay characteristics;

the control equation set of the thermal user describes the incidence relation among a heat capacity vector of the thermal user side, a temperature vector of a building of the thermal user side, a thermal power vector of the thermal user side and a thermal resistance vector of the thermal user side;

4. The method for calculating the virtual energy storage capacity of the heating/cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the control equation of the cooling pipe network describes the correlation between a heat transfer power matrix of a heat transfer process in the cooling system and a thermal resistance matrix of the heat transfer process in the cooling system, a temperature difference vector, a thermal resistance matrix of an electrothermal coupling component in the cooling system, a heat transfer power matrix of the electrothermal coupling component in the cooling system and an additional electromotive force for describing heat transfer delay characteristics;

the control equation set of the cold user describes the correlation between a heat capacity vector of the cold user side, a temperature vector of a building of the cold user side, a heat power vector of the cold user side and a heat resistance vector of the cold user side;

the refrigerating power expression of the refrigerator describes the correlation between the refrigerating power of the refrigerator and the mass flow of a cooling pipe network, the specific heat capacity of a cooling working medium, the return water temperature of the refrigerator and the cooling temperature of the refrigerator.

5. The heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method according to claim 2, wherein the system is a heating system; correspondingly, the determining the real-time running state information of the system according to the real-time measurement information of the system includes:

obtaining the following data according to flow measuring points and temperature measuring points arranged in a heating system: the mass flow of heat transfer working media in the primary heat supply pipe network and the secondary heat supply pipe network, the heat supply temperature and the return water temperature of a thermal power plant or a thermal power plant, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the cold water side of each heat exchange station, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the hot water side of each heat exchange station, the indoor air temperature of the hot user side, the internal and external surface temperature of a building enclosure wall body and the ambient temperature;

or,

6. The heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method according to claim 5, wherein the system is a heating system; correspondingly, the determining the parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time operation state information of the system includes:

or,

7. The heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method according to claim 5, wherein the system is a heating system; correspondingly, the determining the virtual energy storage of the system as 0 and the running state of full virtual energy storage according to the solution result of the thermal flow model, and calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the system include:

or,

8. A heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation system is characterized by comprising:

the instantaneous power limit calculation module is used for determining parameter values in the heat flow model according to the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system, and solving the heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system by combining an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of heat transfer fluid in a pipe network of the heat supply/cooling system and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of indoor air at a user side; determining the virtual energy storage of the heating/cooling system to be 0 and the running state of full virtual energy storage according to the solving result of the heat flow model, and calculating the instantaneous energy storage power limit and the instantaneous energy discharge power limit of the heating/cooling system;

and the average power limit and capacity calculation module is used for solving and optimizing a heat flow model of the heat supply/cooling system according to the upper limit constraint condition and the lower limit constraint condition of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in the pipe network and the indoor air temperature of the user side based on the real-time running state information of the heat supply/cooling system under any preset adjusting time, and acquiring the average energy storage power limit, the average energy discharge power limit, the energy storage capacity and the energy discharge capacity of the heat supply/cooling system under the adjusting time according to an optimization result.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the heating/cooling system virtual energy storage capacity calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.