CN113190782A - Microgrid distributed economic dispatching method based on consistency algorithm - Google Patents

Microgrid distributed economic dispatching method based on consistency algorithm Download PDF

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CN113190782A
CN113190782A CN202010030659.7A CN202010030659A CN113190782A CN 113190782 A CN113190782 A CN 113190782A CN 202010030659 A CN202010030659 A CN 202010030659A CN 113190782 A CN113190782 A CN 113190782A
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distributed
microgrid
power
consistency algorithm
economic
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盛四清
冯振江
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North China Electric Power University
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a microgrid distributed economic dispatching method based on a consistency algorithm, and belongs to the field of economic dispatching of power systems. In order to overcome the defects of the traditional power grid centralized scheduling method in the aspects of economy and reliability, the invention adopts a microgrid distributed economic scheduling method based on a consistency algorithm. The method is based on a consistency principle, increment cost of a generator set in a microgrid system is used as a consistency variable, the minimum generating cost of a distributed power supply in the system is used as an optimization objective function, information interaction between adjacent generator sets is carried out, and after data exchange is carried out for a plurality of times, the microgrid distributed economic dispatching is achieved. The embodiment of the invention shows the correctness of the distributed consistency algorithm applied to the micro-grid economic scheduling strategy formulation, can effectively reduce the communication cost and the complexity of the micro-grid system, and improves the reliability of the micro-grid system.

Description

Microgrid distributed economic dispatching method based on consistency algorithm
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of economic dispatching of power systems, in particular to a microgrid distributed economic dispatching method based on a consistency algorithm.
Background
Since the 21 st century, the energy reserves of coal, oil, natural gas and the like are gradually exhausted, so that the social and economic operation faces huge challenges. On the other hand, global environmental problems are highlighted due to the large amount of exploitation and use of fossil energy. With the increasing global energy and environmental situation, how to alleviate the global warming and energy crisis caused by the large consumption of fossil fuels has become an urgent problem to be solved. In recent years, distributed energy represented by wind and light is greatly developed and gradually enters the application field, and a micro-grid is greatly concerned by countries in the world as an effective management mode for centralized grid connection of the distributed energy.
The micro-grid system consists of a micro power supply and a load, is connected to the main power grid through a common connection point, and can be used as an independent small power system and a controllable power generation unit or a load. Thus, the microgrid may operate in two modes: grid-connected mode and island mode. Under normal conditions, the microgrid always operates in a grid-connected mode, power can be absorbed from a main grid when power generation in the system is insufficient, the characteristic of load is shown, and power can be transmitted to the main grid when the power supply is larger than the demand to serve as an active power supply. However, when the main network fails, the microgrid is disconnected from the main network through the common connection point, and the microgrid enters an island mode. After the fault is cleared, the grid-connected operation can be recovered again. Due to uncontrollable and random fluctuation of renewable energy sources in the microgrid system, the economic dispatching mode of the microgrid system is obviously different from that of the traditional power grid. Therefore, how to make a reasonable operation strategy to realize the optimal distribution of the generated energy of each micro-power source in the micro-grid and enable the power generation cost of the whole system to be the lowest is a key problem in the economic dispatching of the micro-grid.
The traditional power grid adopts a centralized scheduling method, and the whole power grid is controlled by a few central controllers. And in the system operation process, the central controller receives the global information, uniformly formulates an operation strategy and performs uniform allocation. However, this method has serious disadvantages that not only the dispatching center needs to have a very large storage capacity and a very fast operation speed, but also the central controller and each element must have perfect connectivity, otherwise, missing part of information may cause serious consequences. In addition, due to randomness and fluctuation when wind turbines and solar energy are converted into power output, the requirement of a centralized scheduling method on the stability of a power grid is higher and higher.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a microgrid distributed economic dispatching method based on a consistency algorithm.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is a microgrid distributed economic scheduling method based on a consistency algorithm, the economic scheduling of the whole system is realized after a plurality of times of data exchange through information interaction between adjacent machine groups, the flow is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing a power generation cost function of each distributed power source in the microgrid system, and taking each distributed power source as a node, wherein the distributed power sources at least comprise wind power and photovoltaic power, and the power generation cost function of the ith distributed power source in the microgrid system is as follows:
Figure BSA0000199863110000011
wherein S isGRepresenting a collection of system-wide power generating units, PGiActive power for the ith generator set, aiCoefficient of constant term being a function of cost of electricity generation, biIs a coefficient of a first order term, ciIs a quadratic coefficient.
Step 2: establishing a target function of the distributed economic dispatching of the microgrid system, wherein if the unit power generation cost of each generator set in the microgrid system is the same, when the unit power generation cost of the whole system is the lowest, the power generation amount of the whole system is the minimum, namely the following requirements are met:
Figure BSA0000199863110000021
and step 3: and performing information exchange and data iteration between adjacent nodes of the microgrid system by adopting an economic scheduling strategy based on a consistency algorithm, and updating the value of the incremental cost in the system according to the consistency algorithm.
The method of claim 1, wherein step 3 comprises:
step 3.1: establishing the incremental cost of the generator set as follows:
Figure BSA0000199863110000022
step 3.2: aiming at each communication topology in the microgrid system, selecting a distributed unit as a host unit, wherein the rest units are slave units;
step 3.3: the system feeds back the difference between the generated energy and the load amount to the host unit, the host unit determines to increase or decrease the overall incremental cost according to the power deviation of the whole system, and sequentially adjusts the generated energy of other distributed power supplies, and the updating formula of the host is as follows:
Figure BSA0000199863110000023
wherein S isBIndicating the set of busbars on which the generator is located, NiThe neighbor set representing the bus i, and e representing the convergence coefficient, is a positive scalar quantity related to the convergence speed of the algorithm.
The updating formula of the slave is as follows:
Figure BSA0000199863110000024
wherein S isBIndicating the set of busbars on which the generator is located, NiRepresenting a set of neighbors of the bus i.
And 4, step 4: after each iteration is finished, the output active power of each distributed power supply is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BSA0000199863110000025
and 5: setting error eta, by PbRepresenting the difference between the power required by the system load and the actual output power of the generator set, then:
Figure BSA0000199863110000026
if P is detectedbIf the value of the error is less than the error eta, stopping iteration, and if the system power generation cost after distributed economic dispatching is the minimum, otherwise, continuing consistent iterative calculation.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the local controller is arranged on each power element without depending on the central controller, the local controller acquires global information as the basis of the whole system optimization by acquiring the electrical states of a plurality of adjacent elements, the data processed by each controller is reduced, the communication investment between the adjacent elements is less than that between each element and the dispatching center, and the economy of the microgrid system is greatly improved.
2. Even if a certain controller fails, the scheduling of other elements is not affected, and the reliability of the microgrid system is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a microgrid distributed economic dispatching based on a consistency algorithm according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a node wiring diagram of the microgrid system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a ring communication topology of a distributed power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a view of V in an embodiment of the present invention3A generated energy result graph when the node is a host unit;
FIG. 5 shows a view of V in an embodiment of the present invention3And the incremental cost result graph when the node is the host group.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In this embodiment, a 30-node microgrid system is used for analysis, and an example connection diagram is shown in fig. 2, which sets the system reference powerA rate of SBAll data are per unit, 100MVA, and other data for the system are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1
Serial number Bus where generator is located PG/WVA Pmax/MVA Pmin/MVA
1 1 23.54 80 0
2 2 60.97 80 0
3 22 21.59 50 0
4 27 26.91 55 0
5 23 19.2 30 0
6 13 37 40 0
TABLE 2
Figure BSA0000199863110000031
Figure BSA0000199863110000041
As can be seen from the above data, at the time t ═ 0, the total power generated by the generator of the whole system is 290.49MWA, the total power of the loads is 281.6MWA, and the exchange power between the microgrid system and the main power distribution network is PgridThe power is injected into the microgrid system from the main grid at 0 MVA. The number of buses where the generator sets are located is respectively 1, 2, 22, 27, 23 and 13, and the generator sets are numbered again as V1，V2，V3，V4，V5，V6And the two corresponding machines are communicated with each other to form a ring communication topological diagram of the distributed power supply as shown in figure 3. In the communication system, adjacent generator sets are communicated with each other, and the communication weight between the two adjacent generators is assumed to be 1. Each generator set can only obtain the generated energy of two adjacent generators at each timeAfter communication iteration is carried out for multiple times, each node can obtain global information, and an adjacency matrix of a generator communication topological graph in the system is as follows:
Figure BSA0000199863110000051
setting V in sequence1、V2、V3、V4、V5、V6And the other generator sets are slave machines, distributed economic dispatching based on a consistency algorithm is respectively carried out, the optimal output under the condition of the minimum power generation cost is obtained, and the optimal output is compared with the optimal power flow calculation result of the microgrid system:
table 3:
Figure BSA0000199863110000052
according to data analysis in the table, the error between the operation result of the distributed economic dispatching of the microgrid and the optimal power flow operation result is controlled within 8% aiming at the ring communication topology, and the error meets the requirement. Therefore, the microgrid distributed economic scheduling method based on the ring communication topology has correctness. It is noted that V is selected4When the generator set of the node is the main unit set, the algorithm cannot achieve the consistent increment cost of the generator set, so that when the generator set performs distributed economic dispatching for the main unit set, the optimal distribution of active power does not exist.
And comparing the convergence times under various conditions, wherein m represents the operation times when the increment cost of each unit is consistent, eta is set to be 0.01%, and n represents the operation times of the algorithm when the requirement of Pb < eta is met.
Table 4:
Figure BSA0000199863110000053
finally, the data in Table 4 are analyzed to find that V is3The generator set of the node is the main machineWhen the units are assembled, the speed for realizing the consistency of the generated energy and the incremental cost of each unit is the fastest, and the speed for realizing the power balance is relatively faster. Therefore, in the ring communication topology, when the generator set on the bus 3 is selected as the main unit, the ideal economic dispatching result can be achieved in the shortest time, the operation times of the program are reduced, and the storage capacity is reduced. The results of the power generation amount and the increment cost of the microgrid system when the generator set on the bus 3 is the main unit are shown in fig. 4 and 5.

Claims (2)

1. A microgrid distributed economic dispatching method based on a consistency algorithm is characterized in that a distributed method based on the consistency algorithm is adopted for real-time data collected by each node, information interaction between adjacent machine groups is carried out, and after data exchange is carried out for a plurality of times, economic dispatching of the whole system is achieved.
2. The microgrid distributed economic scheduling method based on the consistency algorithm as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing a power generation cost function of each distributed power source in the microgrid system, and taking each distributed power source as a node, wherein the distributed power sources at least comprise wind power and photovoltaic power;
step 2: establishing a target function of the distributed economic dispatching of the microgrid system, which is characterized by meeting the matching of the generated energy of the microgrid system and the load and the constraint of a generator set, and ensuring that the generating cost of the whole system is the lowest;
and step 3: performing information exchange and data iteration between adjacent nodes in the microgrid system by adopting an economic scheduling strategy based on a consistency algorithm, and updating the value of incremental cost in the system according to the consistency algorithm;
and 4, step 4: after each iteration is finished, calculating the output active power of each distributed power supply;
and 5: and detecting whether the output active power after the micro-grid distributed economic dispatching meets the operation requirement or not, and enabling the power generation cost of the system to be minimum.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113704750A (en) * 2021-08-27 2021-11-26 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Network attack detection method and device of distributed power generation system and terminal equipment

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113704750A (en) * 2021-08-27 2021-11-26 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Network attack detection method and device of distributed power generation system and terminal equipment

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