CN113188897A - Rock stress testing device - Google Patents
Rock stress testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113188897A CN113188897A CN202110555696.4A CN202110555696A CN113188897A CN 113188897 A CN113188897 A CN 113188897A CN 202110555696 A CN202110555696 A CN 202110555696A CN 113188897 A CN113188897 A CN 113188897A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
A rock stress testing device comprises an acquisition controller, a radial deformation sensor, a sample, an output end pressure sensor, a confining pressure loading device, a confining pressure sensor, an axial pressure loading device, a pressure signal amplifier, an osmotic pressure loading device, an input end pressure sensor, an osmotic pressure controller, an axial pressure sensor, an axial pressure controller and a confining pressure controller; the sample is provided with a crack, after the osmotic pressure loading device supplies liquid into the crack through a liquid supply path, the liquid passes through the crack and is output through a liquid return path, an input end pressure sensor is arranged in the liquid supply path, an output end pressure sensor is arranged in the liquid return path, and the output end pressure sensor is connected to the acquisition controller through a pressure signal amplifier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of slope stability, in particular to a rock stress testing device.
Background
At present, when a slope rock stratum is eroded by groundwater or other water, gaps are generated, how to research the gaps and research a slope disaster mechanism is a subject to be researched, and particularly, under different conditions of temperature, humidity and stress, the rock stratum has different stability conditions, so that in the prior art, a test system is often used for researching the disaster mechanism, for example, a rock is pressurized and loaded under a simulated water pressure condition.
However, in practical use, the following problems exist:
1. in the hydraulic loading device in the prior art, pressurization is performed through a device similar to a piston, however, negative pressure is generated during retraction in the process of piston suction, so that the loading pressure is reduced sharply, the loading pressure is in a fluctuation condition, and continuous hydraulic loading cannot be simulated really.
2. The prior art often requires two sets of drive systems for two independently moving components, thereby occupying a large volume.
3. The hydraulic loading system in the prior art sometimes needs to adjust water components to simulate water resources with different components, and the solution is that a plurality of water tanks are generally used for containing water with different components, but the water tanks occupy undesirable volumes and spaces.
4. In the water pressure loading system in the prior art, the piston pressurizing part and the water source part are generally arranged separately, so that integration cannot be realized.
5. The multi-driving-path structure in the prior art is difficult to integrate.
6. The water tank structure in the prior art can only realize opening and closing, but cannot realize multi-section opening and closing.
7. In the water tank structure in the prior art, if the water components in the water tank structure are placed for a long time or the components are initially prepared, the phenomenon of layering or non-uniformity often occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution to solve the above problems simultaneously.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a rock stress testing device comprises an acquisition controller, a radial deformation sensor, a sample, an output end pressure sensor, a confining pressure loading device, a confining pressure sensor, an axial pressure loading device, a pressure signal amplifier, an osmotic pressure loading device, an input end pressure sensor, an osmotic pressure controller, an axial pressure sensor, an axial pressure controller and a confining pressure controller; the sample is provided with a crack, after the osmotic pressure loading device supplies liquid into the crack through a liquid supply path, the liquid passes through the crack and is output through a liquid return path, an input end pressure sensor is arranged in the liquid supply path, an output end pressure sensor is arranged in the liquid return path, the output end pressure sensor is connected to the acquisition controller through a pressure signal amplifier, the confining pressure loading device introduces water pressure into a sample cavity where the sample is located, and the confining pressure loading device is connected with the confining pressure sensor and the confining pressure controller; the axial pressure loading device pressurizes the end part of the sample through an extrusion column, the sample is connected with a radial deformation sensor, and the extrusion column is provided with an axial pressure sensor;
the osmotic pressure loading device comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a transmission switching structure, a spiral transmission pair, a transmission shaft, a water tank, a piston cylinder, a pressure maintaining plate, a worm and a worm wheel; the water tank includes: the device comprises an upper cavity, a middle cavity, a lower cavity, an avoidance groove, a lower plug, a middle plug, an upper plug, a stirring blade, a stirring rod, an upper rod, a middle rod, a sliding plate, a sliding groove, an upper left supporting block, a lower left supporting block, an upper right supporting block, a pivot and a lower right supporting block; a through cavity and a transmission cavity are arranged in the lower cavity; the water tank is fixed above the piston cylinder;
the motor is connected with the speed reducer, the speed reducer is respectively connected to one end of the transmission shaft and the spiral transmission pair through the transmission switching structure, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the worm wheel, the worm wheel drives the worm to move up and down, the output end of the spiral transmission pair is connected to the piston, the piston slides in the piston cylinder, a liquid through hole is formed above the piston cylinder, the liquid through hole is communicated with the through flow cavity, the worm is connected with the pressure maintaining plate, and the pressure maintaining plate can slide in the cylinder wall of the piston cylinder;
the transmission shaft extends into the transmission cavity, and the worm can move in the transmission cavity; the upper part of the lower cavity wall of the middle cavity is concave to form the avoiding groove, and the avoiding groove is communicated with the transmission cavity; the lower plug can seal the through hole of the lower wall of the middle cavity, the middle plug can seal the through hole of the lower wall of the upper cavity, the upper plug can seal the through hole of the upper wall of the upper cavity, the upper plug and the middle plug are connected through the upper rod, the middle rod is arranged below the middle plug, the sliding plate is arranged below the middle rod, the sliding groove is arranged in the stirring rod, the sliding plate can slide up and down in the sliding groove, the lower plug is arranged below the stirring rod, and the stirring blade is arranged on the stirring rod;
the pivot is arranged on the upper wall of the water tank, and the upper left supporting block, the lower left supporting block, the upper right supporting block and the lower right supporting block can rotate around the pivot; when the upper plug is pulled upwards to a first height, the lower left supporting block and the lower right supporting block can move to the position below the upper plug, and the sliding plate moves to the upper end of the sliding groove; when the upper plug is pulled up from a first height, the stirring rod moves upwards at the same time, and after the upper plug is pulled up from the first height to a second height position, the upper left supporting block, the lower left supporting block, the upper right supporting block and the lower right supporting block can move to the position below the upper plug.
Furthermore, the transmission switching structure comprises a rotating wheel and a conveying belt, and the rotating wheel is connected with the transmission shaft.
Further, the conveying belt transmits power to a power input end of the spiral transmission pair.
Furthermore, the upper wall of the water tank is provided with a liquid injection hole.
Furthermore, a water injection hole is formed in the side wall of the middle cavity.
Furthermore, the upper cavity and the middle cavity are separated by a partition plate.
Furthermore, the lower left supporting block and the lower right supporting block are located at the same height.
Furthermore, the upper left supporting block and the upper right supporting block are located at the same height.
Further, when the piston retreats to the farthest position, the liquid through hole is communicated to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder.
Further, the liquid through hole can be blocked in the piston feeding process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the 1 st point provided by the background technology, the arrangement of the pressure-retaining plate is adopted, the return water path is timely blocked by the pressure-retaining plate after the piston retracts, and the stability of water pressure supply is improved.
2. Aiming at the 2 nd point provided by the background technology, two sets of transmission paths are realized by using one set of transmission device, and the cost and the number of parts are saved.
3. To the 3 rd point that the background art provided, in integrated the function of a plurality of water tanks to a water tank, set up lumen and epicoele in the water tank, the epicoele is the composition allotment chamber, and the lumen is the water cavity, and the composition of the two can mix the allotment through controlling means.
4. In the 4 th point proposed by the background art, because the piston device often has a thick wall and a strong bearing capacity, the piston device is arranged below the piston device, and the water tank is thin-walled, the water tank is integrated above the piston device.
5. Aiming at the 5 th point provided by the background technology, a long groove is reserved in the middle cavity of the water tank for the pressure maintaining plate driving structure so as to adapt to the stroke of the pressure maintaining plate driving structure, and meanwhile, the transmission rod penetrates through the lower cavity of the water tank to realize integration in a maximized mode.
6. Aiming at the 6 th point provided by the background technology, the water tank opening and closing rod realizes the switching between three sections of positions through two layers of supporting blocks.
7. In the 7 th point proposed by the background art, a stirring blade is provided on the water tank opening and closing lever.
Note: the foregoing designs are not sequential, each of which provides a distinct and significant advance in the present invention over the prior art.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the loading unit of the present invention in a pressure maintaining state.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pressure supplying state of the loading device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the circled area of fig. 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the loading device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the invention with both support blocks closed.
Fig. 6 is an overall view of the rock stress testing apparatus of the present invention.
In the figures, the reference numerals are as follows:
1. the device comprises a motor 2, a speed reducer 3, a transmission switching structure 4, a screw transmission pair 5, a transmission shaft 6, an upper cavity 7, a middle cavity 8, a lower cavity 9, a through-flow cavity 10, a piston 11, a piston cylinder 12, a through-flow hole 13, a pressure maintaining plate 14, a worm 15, a worm wheel 16, a transmission cavity 17, an avoidance groove 18, a lower plug 19, a middle plug 20, an upper plug 21, a stirring blade 22, a stirring rod 23, an upper rod 24, a middle rod 25, a sliding plate 26, a sliding groove 27, an upper left supporting block 28, a lower left supporting block 29, an upper right supporting block 30, a pivot 31, a lower right supporting block 32, a display 33, a radial deformation sensor 34, a sample 35, an output end pressure sensor 36, a temperature sensor 37, a heating coil 38, a confining pressure loading device 39, a confining pressure sensor 40, a shaft pressure loading device 41, a pressure signal amplifier 42, an osmotic pressure loading device 43, an input end pressure sensor 44 and a temperature signal amplifier 45, Osmotic pressure controller 46, dial indicator 47, axial pressure sensor 48, axial pressure controller 49, confining pressure controller 50, temperature controller 51 and acquisition controller.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure: a rock stress testing device comprises an acquisition controller, a radial deformation sensor, a sample, an output end pressure sensor, a confining pressure loading device, a confining pressure sensor, an axial pressure loading device, a pressure signal amplifier, an osmotic pressure loading device, an input end pressure sensor, an osmotic pressure controller, an axial pressure sensor, an axial pressure controller and a confining pressure controller; the sample is provided with a crack, after the osmotic pressure loading device supplies liquid into the crack through a liquid supply path, the liquid passes through the crack and is output through a liquid return path, an input end pressure sensor is arranged in the liquid supply path, an output end pressure sensor is arranged in the liquid return path, the output end pressure sensor is connected to the acquisition controller through a pressure signal amplifier, the confining pressure loading device introduces water pressure into a sample cavity where the sample is located, and the confining pressure loading device is connected with the confining pressure sensor and the confining pressure controller; the axial pressure loading device pressurizes the end part of the sample through an extrusion column, the sample is connected with a radial deformation sensor, and the extrusion column is provided with an axial pressure sensor;
the osmotic pressure loading device comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a transmission switching structure, a spiral transmission pair, a transmission shaft, a water tank, a piston cylinder, a pressure maintaining plate, a worm and a worm wheel; the water tank includes: the device comprises an upper cavity, a middle cavity, a lower cavity, an avoidance groove, a lower plug, a middle plug, an upper plug, a stirring blade, a stirring rod, an upper rod, a middle rod, a sliding plate, a sliding groove, an upper left supporting block, a lower left supporting block, an upper right supporting block, a pivot and a lower right supporting block; a through cavity and a transmission cavity are arranged in the lower cavity; the water tank is fixed above the piston cylinder;
the motor is connected with the speed reducer, the speed reducer is respectively connected to one end of the transmission shaft and the spiral transmission pair through the transmission switching structure, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the worm wheel, the worm wheel drives the worm to move up and down, the output end of the spiral transmission pair is connected to the piston, the piston slides in the piston cylinder, a liquid through hole is formed above the piston cylinder, the liquid through hole is communicated with the through flow cavity, the worm is connected with the pressure maintaining plate, and the pressure maintaining plate can slide in the cylinder wall of the piston cylinder;
as shown in the figure: the transmission shaft extends into the transmission cavity, and the worm can move in the transmission cavity; the upper part of the lower cavity wall of the middle cavity is concave to form the avoiding groove, and the avoiding groove is communicated with the transmission cavity; the lower plug can seal the through hole of the lower wall of the middle cavity, the middle plug can seal the through hole of the lower wall of the upper cavity, the upper plug can seal the through hole of the upper wall of the upper cavity, the upper plug and the middle plug are connected through the upper rod, the middle rod is arranged below the middle plug, the sliding plate is arranged below the middle rod, the sliding groove is arranged in the stirring rod, the sliding plate can slide up and down in the sliding groove, the lower plug is arranged below the stirring rod, and the stirring blade is arranged on the stirring rod;
the pivot is arranged on the upper wall of the water tank, and the upper left supporting block, the lower left supporting block, the upper right supporting block and the lower right supporting block can rotate around the pivot; when the upper plug is pulled upwards to a first height, the lower left supporting block and the lower right supporting block can move to the position below the upper plug, and the sliding plate moves to the upper end of the sliding groove; when the upper plug is pulled up from a first height, the stirring rod moves upwards at the same time, and after the upper plug is pulled up from the first height to a second height position, the upper left supporting block, the lower left supporting block, the upper right supporting block and the lower right supporting block can move to the position below the upper plug.
As shown in the figure: the transmission switching structure comprises a rotating wheel and a conveying belt, and the rotating wheel is connected with the transmission shaft. The conveying belt transmits power to the power input end of the spiral transmission pair. And the upper wall of the water tank is provided with a liquid injection hole. And a water injection hole is formed in the side wall of the middle cavity. The upper cavity and the middle cavity are separated by a clapboard. The lower left supporting block and the lower right supporting block are located at the same height. The upper left supporting block and the upper right supporting block are located at the same height. When the piston retreats to the farthest position, the liquid through hole is communicated to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder. The liquid through hole can be plugged in the piston feeding process.
The above detailed description is specific to possible embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rock stress testing device is characterized in that: the device comprises the acquisition controller, the radial deformation sensor, a sample, an output end pressure sensor, a confining pressure loading device, a confining pressure sensor, an axial pressure loading device, a pressure signal amplifier, an osmotic pressure loading device, an input end pressure sensor, an osmotic pressure controller, an axial pressure sensor, an axial pressure controller and a confining pressure controller; the sample is provided with a crack, after the osmotic pressure loading device supplies liquid into the crack through a liquid supply path, the liquid passes through the crack and is output through a liquid return path, an input end pressure sensor is arranged in the liquid supply path, an output end pressure sensor is arranged in the liquid return path, the output end pressure sensor is connected to the acquisition controller through a pressure signal amplifier, the confining pressure loading device introduces water pressure into a sample cavity where the sample is located, and the confining pressure loading device is connected with the confining pressure sensor and the confining pressure controller; the axial pressure loading device pressurizes the end part of the sample through an extrusion column, the sample is connected with a radial deformation sensor, and the extrusion column is provided with an axial pressure sensor;
the osmotic pressure loading device comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a transmission switching structure, a spiral transmission pair, a transmission shaft, a water tank, a piston cylinder, a pressure maintaining plate, a worm and a worm wheel; the water tank includes: the device comprises an upper cavity, a middle cavity, a lower cavity, an avoidance groove, a lower plug, a middle plug, an upper plug, a stirring blade, a stirring rod, an upper rod, a middle rod, a sliding plate, a sliding groove, an upper left supporting block, a lower left supporting block, an upper right supporting block, a pivot and a lower right supporting block; a through cavity and a transmission cavity are arranged in the lower cavity; the water tank is fixed above the piston cylinder;
the motor is connected with the speed reducer, the speed reducer is respectively connected to one end of the transmission shaft and the spiral transmission pair through the transmission switching structure, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the worm wheel, the worm wheel drives the worm to move up and down, the output end of the spiral transmission pair is connected to the piston, the piston slides in the piston cylinder, a liquid through hole is formed above the piston cylinder, the liquid through hole is communicated with the through flow cavity, the worm is connected with the pressure maintaining plate, and the pressure maintaining plate can slide in the cylinder wall of the piston cylinder;
the transmission shaft extends into the transmission cavity, and the worm can move in the transmission cavity; the upper part of the lower cavity wall of the middle cavity is concave to form the avoiding groove, and the avoiding groove is communicated with the transmission cavity; the lower plug can seal the through hole of the lower wall of the middle cavity, the middle plug can seal the through hole of the lower wall of the upper cavity, the upper plug can seal the through hole of the upper wall of the upper cavity, the upper plug and the middle plug are connected through the upper rod, the middle rod is arranged below the middle plug, the sliding plate is arranged below the middle rod, the sliding groove is arranged in the stirring rod, the sliding plate can slide up and down in the sliding groove, the lower plug is arranged below the stirring rod, and the stirring blade is arranged on the stirring rod;
the pivot is arranged on the upper wall of the water tank, and the upper left supporting block, the lower left supporting block, the upper right supporting block and the lower right supporting block can rotate around the pivot; when the upper plug is pulled upwards to a first height, the lower left supporting block and the lower right supporting block can move to the position below the upper plug, and the sliding plate moves to the upper end of the sliding groove; when the upper plug is pulled up from a first height, the stirring rod moves upwards at the same time, and after the upper plug is pulled up from the first height to a second height position, the upper left supporting block, the lower left supporting block, the upper right supporting block and the lower right supporting block can move to the position below the upper plug.
2. A rock stress testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission switching structure comprises a rotating wheel and a conveying belt, and the rotating wheel is connected with the transmission shaft.
3. A rock stress testing device according to claim 2, wherein: the conveying belt transmits power to the power input end of the spiral transmission pair.
4. A rock stress testing device according to claim 1, wherein: and the upper wall of the water tank is provided with a liquid injection hole.
5. A rock stress testing device according to claim 1, wherein: and a water injection hole is formed in the side wall of the middle cavity.
6. A rock stress testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the upper cavity and the middle cavity are separated by a clapboard.
7. A rock stress testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the lower left supporting block and the lower right supporting block are located at the same height.
8. A rock stress testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the upper left supporting block and the upper right supporting block are located at the same height.
9. A rock stress testing device according to claim 1, wherein: when the piston retreats to the farthest position, the liquid through hole is communicated to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder.
10. A rock stress testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid through hole can be plugged in the piston feeding process.
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| CN202110555696.4A CN113188897B (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | Rock stress testing device |
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| CN202110555696.4A CN113188897B (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | Rock stress testing device |
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| CN113188897A true CN113188897A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
| CN113188897B CN113188897B (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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| CN113188897B (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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