CN113188436A - Bridge strain and crack monitoring method and device based on bionic sensing element - Google Patents
Bridge strain and crack monitoring method and device based on bionic sensing element Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000239226 Scorpiones Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0428—Safety, monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2612—Data acquisition interface
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering safety, and particularly relates to a method and a device for monitoring bridge strain and cracks based on a bionic sensing element, which comprise the bionic sensing element, a sensing element clamp, a data acquisition unit, a power supply unit, a data wireless transmission unit, a server and a monitoring data analysis system; the sensing element holder is made of copper; the data acquisition unit comprises a controller, a filter and a data memory; the power supply unit comprises a solar panel, a lead storage battery and an inverter, and is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the data wireless transmission unit, and the power supply unit has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple installation, high sensitivity, large monitoring range, high automation degree, low price of the sensing element and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering safety, in particular to a method and a device for monitoring bridge strain and cracks based on a bionic sensing element.
Background
The service environment of the bridge is increasingly complex and severe, the safety problem of bridge engineering is increasingly prominent along with the increase of service life, and huge life and property losses and severe social influence are caused by bridge collapse accidents. Therefore, long-term safety monitoring for the existing bridge is an important work for ensuring that the existing bridge has good service performance and service function. The beam body cracks are main indexes for evaluating the safety of the bridge structure and also are important quantitative indexes in relevant specifications of the bridge, such as technical condition evaluation and durability evaluation procedures. Therefore, the accurate detection of the strain of the concrete material on the surface of the bridge is the key for judging the state of the beam before and after cracking.
The existing bridge surface strain and crack monitoring technology mainly depends on a strain gauge matched with a crack observation instrument and a fiber bragg grating strain/crack meter. The monitoring range of the strain gauge is about 15 cm, the monitoring range is small, and when the monitoring strain reaches the concrete limit strain, the crack width needs to be tested by matching with a crack observation instrument, and manual work is relied on; the sensing range of the fiber grating strain/crack meter is about 20 cm, the monitoring range is small, the measuring range is limited, and the fiber grating strain/crack meter is easy to break when the crack on the surface of the concrete reaches 0.2 mm; in addition, the commonly used crack detection technology at the present stage mainly utilizes a bridge detection vehicle and a lift truck to carry out close-range observation on the surface of the bridge, and huge manpower and material resources are needed, the test difficulty is large, the subjectivity is strong, and the precision is poor. In conclusion, the existing bridge strain and crack testing technology is difficult to monitor the development process of the crack of the beam body in the whole process, the monitoring range is limited, and the testing sensitivity is low.
Therefore, a novel bridge strain and crack monitoring method and device based on the bionic sensing element are provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bridge strain and crack detection method and device based on a high-performance bionic flexible sensing element, and the method and device have the advantages of simple installation, high sensitivity, large monitoring range, high automation degree, low price of the sensing element and wide application range.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a bridge strain and crack monitoring method and device based on a bionic sensing element comprise the following steps: the bionic sensor comprises a bionic sensing element, a sensing element clamp, a data acquisition unit, a power supply unit, a data wireless transmission unit, a server and a monitoring data analysis system; the sensing element holder is made of copper; the data acquisition unit comprises a controller, a filter and a data memory; the power supply unit comprises a solar panel, a lead storage battery and an inverter which are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the data wireless transmission unit.
As an optimal scheme of the bridge strain and crack monitoring method and device based on the bionic sensing element, the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: laying a high-performance bionic sensing element at a position to be detected of a bridge to be monitored;
step two: the data acquisition unit acquires data acquired by the multiple sensing elements in real time and sends the data to the server through the data wireless transmission module;
step three: and finally, receiving and identifying the bridge strain and crack by a monitoring data analysis system through calculation.
As an optimal scheme of the bridge strain and crack monitoring method and device based on the bionic sensing element, the method comprises the following steps: the bionic sensing element is a flexible carbon-based conductive polymer material and is divided into a conductive coating and a substrate layer, and the conductive coating of the bionic sensing element is made of a conductive carbon-based nano material and an adhesive; the substrate of the bionic sensing element is made of an insulating light high polymer material; the conductive coating is provided with a plurality of bionic slits; the bionic seam is formed by bionic based on a scorpion seam receptor.
As an optimal scheme of the bridge strain and crack monitoring method and device based on the bionic sensing element, the method comprises the following steps: the bionic sensing element is 50 cm long, 10 cm wide and 300 microns thick; the bionic seams are 10-200 microns long, 10-30 microns deep, and the distance between the bionic seams is 5-10 cm.
As an optimal scheme of the bridge strain and crack monitoring method and device based on the bionic sensing element, the method comprises the following steps: the monitoring data analysis system can automatically calculate bridge strain and crack data; because the resistance increment of the bionic sensing element conductive coating is in a linear relation with the micro deformation of the bionic sensing element conductive coating, the resistance increment can reflect the local deformation of the bridge, further the strain of the bridge is calculated, and the crack of the bridge is identified.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the bionic sensing elements with large coverage range and high sensitivity are arranged on the bottom plate, the web plate and the surface of the pier stud of the bridge to be monitored, the data acquisition unit acquires data acquired by the multiple sensing elements in real time, the data are transmitted to the server by the wireless transmission module and are received by the data analysis system, and finally real-time monitoring of strain and cracks on the surface of the bridge can be realized, and early warning and alarming can be automatically carried out on the operation state of the existing bridge.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge strain and crack monitoring device based on a bionic sensing element according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the distribution of the components of the aperture of the seam receptor at the tarsal joint of scorpion as observed by an electron microscope.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein for convenience of illustration, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not enlarged partially according to the general scale, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Example 1
Specifically, the concrete surfaces of a bottom plate, a web plate and a pier stud of a to-be-monitored part of a bridge to be detected are polished to be flat, and a plurality of flexible carbon-based conductive polymer material sensing elements based on a bionic principle are laid; it is worth mentioning that, optionally, the bionic sensor element is designed to be 50 cm long, 10 cm wide and 300 μm thick; the bionic seams are 10-200 microns long, 10-30 microns deep, and the distance between the bionic seams is 5-10 cm.
Two ends of each bionic sensing element are connected with a cable and connected with a data acquisition unit, the data acquisition unit comprises a controller, a data memory and a filter, the data acquisition unit can acquire monitoring data of each path of bionic sensing element in real time and send the monitoring data to the filter for filtering, and the controller controls sampling frequency and filtering mode.
The data acquisition unit acquires data acquired by the multi-path sensing elements in real time and sends the data to a server of a designated IP address or domain name through the data wireless transmission unit.
The power supply unit is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the data wireless transmission unit, the power supply unit comprises a solar panel, electric energy is stored in the lead storage battery and is converted into 220V alternating current required by the data acquisition unit and the data wireless transmission unit through the inverter.
In this embodiment, the monitoring data analysis system further includes a step of comprehensively recognizing the strain and crack of the bridge after receiving the data collected by the multi-path bionic sensing elements from the server, where the comprehensively recognizing the strain and crack of the bridge specifically refers to: according to the linear change rule of the resistance value increment and the self deformation of the bionic sensing element in a small deformation range, namely:
ΔL＝k×ΔR
wherein, Delta L is the elastic deformation of the bionic sensing element, k is the proportionality coefficient, and Delta R is the resistance increment of the bionic sensing element. Therefore, the resistance value increment of the bionic sensor element can be converted into the deformation of the surface of the beam body, and further converted into the strain of the surface of the beam body, and when the strain value detected by a certain path of bionic sensor element reaches the ultimate tensile strain of the bridge concrete material, the beam body is regarded as cracked; and accurately calculating the beam body cracks in the range according to the beam body deformation in the monitoring range of the bionic sensing element.
Specifically, the bionic sensing element can monitor strain signals of a bridge in a normal use state and signals of crack occurrence. Therefore, the bionic sensing element alarm resistance value is composed of two parts. (1) And early warning is carried out according to 70% of the maximum strain of the beam bottom of the bridge in the limit state of normal use, and warning is carried out when the maximum strain reaches 80%, namely when the strain value of the bridge is detected to reach the strain value of 70% of the maximum driving load of the bridge design, the early warning is carried out, and the warning is carried out when the strain value of the bridge reaches 80%. (2) And when the strain exceeds the limit tensile strain of the bridge main body structure concrete material, alarming, and judging that the concrete is cracked.
Specifically, when the bionic sensing element resistance is judged to be slowly increased to the following values in the monitoring system, operation early warning and alarming are respectively carried out:
early warning value:
alarm value:
wherein R isMonitoringFor bionic sensor element resistance signal, epsilonNormal limitThe maximum strain of the beam bottom of the bridge in the limit state of normal use is obtained, and L is the length of the bionic sensing element. At this time, the bridge operation warning signal and the warning signal are respectively determined.
And when the bionic sensing element resistance is judged to be instantaneously increased to the following value in the monitoring system, a crack alarm is carried out:
alarm value:
ΔRmonitoring＝Ri+1-Ri
Wherein, Δ RMonitoringIs the resistance signal variation of the bionic sensing element, Ri+1A resistance signal monitoring value R at the i +1 th time pointiIs the resistance signal monitoring value of the ith time point, delta t is the time interval of every two adjacent data acquisition time points, epsilonCracking ofThe bridge main body structure concrete material ultimate tensile strain. At the moment, the concrete is judged to be cracked, and the total width d of the concrete cracks in the arrangement range of the bionic sensing elements is as follows:
it should be further noted that k is a linear correlation coefficient between the elongation of the bionic sensing element and the resistance increment, and the value of k is related to the length, width, thickness, number of the bionic slits and the size of the bionic slits of the bionic sensing element, so that the value of k of each bionic sensing element needs to be calibrated before being arranged on the surface of the bridge.
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be used in any combination, provided that no structural conflict exists, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a bridge is met an emergency and crack monitoring devices based on bionical sensing element which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the bionic sensor comprises a bionic sensing element, a sensing element clamp, a data acquisition unit, a power supply unit, a data wireless transmission unit, a server and a monitoring data analysis system; the sensing element holder is made of copper; the data acquisition unit comprises a controller, a filter and a data memory; the power supply unit comprises a solar panel, a lead storage battery and an inverter which are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the data wireless transmission unit.
2. The use method of the bridge strain and crack monitoring device based on the bionic sensing element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the use method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: laying a high-performance bionic sensing element at a position to be detected of a bridge to be monitored;
step two: the data acquisition unit acquires data acquired by the multiple sensing elements in real time and sends the data to the server through the data wireless transmission module;
step three: and finally, receiving and identifying the bridge strain and crack by a monitoring data analysis system through calculation.
3. The method and the device for monitoring the bridge strain and the bridge crack based on the bionic sensing element according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the bionic sensing element is a flexible carbon-based conductive polymer material and is divided into a conductive coating and a substrate layer, and the conductive coating of the bionic sensing element is made of a conductive carbon-based nano material and an adhesive; the substrate of the bionic sensing element is made of an insulating light high polymer material; the conductive coating is provided with a plurality of bionic slits; the bionic seam is formed by bionic based on a scorpion seam receptor.
4. The method and the device for monitoring the bridge strain and the bridge crack based on the bionic sensing element according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the bionic sensing element is 50 cm long, 10 cm wide and 300 microns thick; the bionic seams are 10-200 microns long, 10-30 microns deep, and the distance between the bionic seams is 5-10 cm.
5. The method and the device for monitoring the bridge strain and the bridge crack based on the bionic sensing element according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the monitoring data analysis system can automatically calculate bridge strain and crack data; because the resistance increment of the bionic sensing element conductive coating is in a linear relation with the micro deformation of the bionic sensing element conductive coating, the resistance increment can reflect the local deformation of the bridge, further the strain of the bridge is calculated, and the crack of the bridge is identified.
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