CN113187536A - Retreating type coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability-increasing device and permeability-increasing method - Google Patents
Retreating type coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability-increasing device and permeability-increasing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113187536A CN113187536A CN202110427278.7A CN202110427278A CN113187536A CN 113187536 A CN113187536 A CN 113187536A CN 202110427278 A CN202110427278 A CN 202110427278A CN 113187536 A CN113187536 A CN 113187536A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterized by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
Abstract
The invention discloses a withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming and cave-making permeability-increasing device and a permeability-increasing method, wherein the permeability-increasing device comprises a hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod, a reaming ejector rod, a connecting rod, a turning angle controller, a hydraulic oil injection pipeline, a hydraulic oil outlet pipeline, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a control device, the reaming ejector rod is a two-stage telescopic cylinder body, the reaming and cave-making permeability-increasing of coal seam drilling is realized by hydraulically controlling the extension and compression of the two-stage telescopic cylinder body, and meanwhile, the turning angle controller can rotate the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod by 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees and perform a complete reaming and cave-making process of firstly extending and then compressing after each rotation is completed. By adopting the hydraulic ejector rod principle, the gas extraction device is safe and reliable, can ensure enough pressure, and finally can achieve the purposes of improving the gas extraction efficiency and shortening the gas extraction working time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal seam gas permeability increasing extraction, and particularly relates to a back-withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability increasing device and a permeability increasing method.
Background
The problems of complex geological structure of a deep coal seam, high coal seam gas content, large coal seam gas pressure and the like are more obvious, and gas accidents are frequent nationwide. Therefore, the first work of ensuring the safe production of deep gas coal mines is to eliminate the gas danger hidden danger, but because the coal in China generally has the problem of low air permeability, the borehole gas extraction effect is poor, the extraction time is long, and the safe and efficient production of the coal mines is greatly restricted.
At present, underground construction is required for gas extraction of deep coal seams in China, but because gas mines in China generally have the characteristics of low coal hardness, poor air permeability and the like, the gas extraction effect is not good directly, or the gas extraction period is greatly prolonged to influence normal extraction work and the like. The coal bed permeability increasing method mainly used at present has the following problems: the high-pressure water coal seam permeability increasing method can enable high-pressure water to carry gas to be sprayed out; the method for increasing the gas desorption in the low-permeability coal body by using the chemical solvent can change the chemical structure of the coal body in a complex underground environment and influence the heating rate; the traditional technical methods such as cross-layer drilling and the like still cannot change the low air permeability of the coal body and the low gas extraction efficiency. In order to effectively solve the problem of gas extraction of a low-permeability coal seam, the analytic amount of gas needs to be increased by means of a method for increasing permeability by means of permeability increasing and pressure releasing inside the coal seam, and the gas extraction efficiency is further increased. Therefore, the invention provides a backward coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability-increasing device and a permeability-increasing method, which increase the permeability of a coal seam in a secondary fracture mode in a hole, improve the gas extraction efficiency and solve the problems of difficult gas extraction and high risk.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a backward coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability-increasing device and a permeability-increasing method, which are economic, simple and convenient to operate, safe and reliable, can realize the permeability increase of secondary fracture in holes of a deep low-permeability coal seam, solve the problem of coal mine gas extraction, and greatly improve the production safety.
A withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming and cave-making permeability-increasing device comprises a hydraulic reaming cave-making rod, a reaming ejector rod, a connecting rod, a corner controller, a hydraulic oil injection pipeline, a hydraulic oil outlet pipeline, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a control device, wherein the hydraulic reaming cave-making rod is a cavity shell, one end of the hydraulic reaming cave-making rod is connected with the corner controller through the connecting rod, a plurality of reaming ejector rods are arranged on the hydraulic reaming cave-making rod, the reaming ejector rods are two-stage telescopic cylinder bodies and can realize telescopic movement under the action of hydraulic oil, the whole reaming ejector rods are in a compressed state under a non-reaming cave-making state, the whole reaming ejector rods are in a completely extended state under the reaming cave-making state, the reaming ejector rods are provided with an oil injection communicating port and an oil outlet communicating port, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device are respectively connected with the oil injection communicating port and the oil outlet communicating port through the hydraulic oil injection pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline, the corner controller can realize the rotation of the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod at different angles.
Furthermore, the hydraulic oil outlet pipeline consists of an intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline I, a hydraulic oil connecting pipe I and a high-pressure hose I, and the oil outlet communication port, the intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline I, the hydraulic oil connecting pipe I, the high-pressure hose I, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device are sequentially connected through threads to form a hydraulic oil outlet channel.
Furthermore, the hydraulic oil injection pipeline consists of an intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline II, a hydraulic oil connecting pipe II and a high-pressure hose II, and the oil injection communicating port, the intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline II, the hydraulic oil connecting pipe II, the high-pressure hose II, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device are sequentially in threaded connection to form a hydraulic oil injection channel.
Further, the oil injection communicating port is arranged at the bottom of the reaming top rod.
Further, the reaming ejector rod is sequentially provided with a fixed hydraulic cylinder, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder and a telescopic hydraulic rod from outside to inside, the telescopic hydraulic rod is a solid rod body, hydraulic oil is filled between the fixed hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and between the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic hydraulic rod in a non-reaming and hole-making state, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic hydraulic rod are sequentially jacked up by the hydraulic oil through a hydraulic oil injection pipeline in a reaming and hole-making executing state.
Further, the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod is 150mm in length.
Furthermore, hydraulic pressure reaming cave making pole appearance is the cylinder, is provided with four reaming ejector pins on the hydraulic pressure reaming cave making pole, and the interval of four reaming ejector pins is 195mm, and the upper surface of the reaming ejector pin of compression state is parallel and level with the outer wall of hydraulic pressure reaming cave making pole.
Further, the turning angle controller can realize that the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod rotates by taking positive and negative 90 degrees as a unit.
A retreating type coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability-increasing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, performing a coal seam drilling process, withdrawing drilling equipment after a drill hole and a drill site are formed, putting all hole expanding ejector rods on a hydraulic hole expanding and cave making rod in a compressed state, adjusting a corner controller to keep the hole expanding ejector rods vertical, and pushing the hydraulic hole expanding and cave making rod into the bottom of the drill hole;
step 2, operating the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device to inject hydraulic oil along a hydraulic oil injection pipeline, enabling the hydraulic oil to enter the reaming ejector rod through the oil injection communicating port, pushing the reaming ejector rod to the maximum telescopic amount, and extending and extruding the reaming ejector rod to penetrate into a coal bed to form a cylindrical cave path;
and 6, repeating the step 5 until the hydraulic hole expanding and cave building rod exits from the coal seam drilling hole, and finishing the hole expanding operation.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to a withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability-increasing device and a withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability-increasing method. Meanwhile, the turning angle controller can realize that the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod rotates plus or minus 90 degrees to perform reaming and cave-making in other directions according to the state when the coal seam enters the drilling process after completing a reaming and cave-making process, fully fracturing the coal seam, completing the reaming and cave-making anti-reflection work in one section of drilling area, realizing fixed distance back-withdrawing, and continuing to perform the reaming and cave-making work until the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod reaches the outside of the drilling hole. The device and the method can not only complete the hole expanding and cave building of the coal bed drilling, but also form continuous coal body fractures for the coal body with higher hardness, and further increase the air permeability of the coal body. Meanwhile, the hydraulic ejector rod principle is adopted, so that the safety and the reliability are realized, the sufficient pressure can be ensured, and the aims of improving the gas extraction efficiency and shortening the gas extraction working time can be finally achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a non-hole-reaming hole-making state of the backward coal seam hydraulic hole-reaming hole-making permeability-increasing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hole-expanding and hole-forming state of the backward coal seam hydraulic hole-expanding, hole-forming and permeability-increasing device of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the expanding mandril in an extended state;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the reaming top rod in a contracted state.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the invention provides a withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming, cave-making and permeability-increasing device, which comprises a hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod 1, a reaming push rod 2, an intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline I3, a connecting rod 4, a hydraulic oil connecting pipe I5, a high-pressure hose I6, a corner controller 7, an intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline II9, a hydraulic oil connecting pipe II10, a high-pressure hose II11, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a control device 12. Wherein, hydraulic pressure reaming cave making pole 1 is length 150mm cavity casing, and the fixed hydraulic cylinder 2.2 of reaming ejector pin 2 is fixed with hydraulic pressure reaming cave making pole 1's cavity casing welded fastening, and angle controller 7 can realize that hydraulic pressure reaming cave making pole 1 uses plus-minus 90 to rotate as the unit. The reaming mandril 2 is a two-stage telescopic cylinder body which is structurally provided with a fixed hydraulic cylinder 2.2, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2.5 and a telescopic hydraulic rod 2.4 in sequence from outside to inside, and the telescopic hydraulic rod is a solid rod body. Under the non-reaming and hole-making state, the whole reaming ejector rod 2 is in a compression state, hydraulic oil is filled between the internal fixed hydraulic cylinder 2.2 and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2.5 and between the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2.5 and the telescopic hydraulic rod 2.4, the space is filled to the maximum, and the compression state of the reaming ejector rod 2 is ensured. Under the state of executing hole expanding and cave making, the whole hole expanding mandril 2 is in a complete extension state, hydraulic oil is injected into the hole expanding mandril 2 along the high-pressure hose II11, the hydraulic oil connecting pipe II10 and the hydraulic oil pipeline II9 in the cavity by opening the hydraulic oil cylinder and the oil injection valve and the oil outlet valve of the control device 12, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2.5 and the telescopic hydraulic rod 2.4 are sequentially jacked up.
Hydraulic pressure reaming cave pole 1 appearance is the cylinder, including four reaming ejector pins 2, four reaming ejector pin 2's interval is 195mm, and fixed pneumatic cylinder 2.2's upper surface and hydraulic pressure reaming cave pole 1's outer wall parallel and level, flexible pneumatic cylinder 2.5 and flexible hydraulic stem 2.4.
The hydraulic oil connecting pipe I5, the high-pressure hose I6, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device 12 are in threaded connection, and the hydraulic oil connecting pipe II10, the high-pressure hose II11, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device 12 are in threaded connection, so that the pipeline length can be increased or reduced when the backward-withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming and cave-building anti-reflection device completes the backward withdrawal of a section of coal seam drilling and reaming work.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a backward coal seam hydraulic reaming cave-making permeability-increasing method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (4) carrying out a coal seam drilling process in the low-permeability coal seam mining, and withdrawing the drilling equipment after the drilling hole and the drilling site are formed. And (3) carrying out reaming and permeability increasing by using a withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming and cave-making permeability increasing device, firstly confirming that four reaming top rods 2 on a hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod 1 are in a compressed state, and checking that a hydraulic oil cylinder and a control device 12 are stably connected with a high-pressure hose I6 and a high-pressure hose II 11. The angle controller 7 is then adjusted to keep the reamer spindle 2 upright. And finally, pushing the hydraulic hole expanding and cave making rod 1 into the bottom of the drill hole.
2) When the hydraulic hole expanding and hole making rod 1 enters the bottom of a drill hole, a hole expanding and hole making process is started to be executed, the hydraulic oil cylinder and control device 12 is operated to inject hydraulic oil into the hydraulic hole along the high-pressure hose II11, the hydraulic oil pipeline II9 and the hydraulic oil connecting pipe II10, the hydraulic oil enters the inner cavity of the fixed hydraulic cylinder 2.2 through the communicating port II2.3 at the bottom of the hole expanding ejector rod 2, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2.5 is firstly pushed up to the maximum elongation by the hydraulic oil, and then the telescopic hydraulic rod 2.4 is pushed out to the maximum elongation from the inside of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2.5. In the whole reaming and cave-making working process, original hydraulic oil in the reaming ejector rod 2 gradually flows out from the communication port I2.1, passes through the hydraulic oil pipeline I3 in the cavity, the hydraulic oil connecting pipe I5 and the high-pressure hose I6, and enters the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device 12. The reaming ejector rods 2 penetrate into the coal bed through extension extrusion to form cylindrical cavities, the distances among the four reaming ejector rods 2 are small, and cracks connected with the four cavities can be formed at the tips of the telescopic hydraulic rods 2.4 when the maximum extension amount is reached.
3) After the hole expanding and hole making process is completed, the hydraulic oil cylinder and control device 12 is operated to inject hydraulic oil into the fixed hydraulic cylinder 2.2 along the high-pressure hose I6, the hydraulic oil pipeline I3 in the cavity and the hydraulic oil connecting pipe I5, the hydraulic oil enters the external cavity of the fixed hydraulic cylinder 2.2 through the communication port I2.1 of the hole expanding ejector rod 2, the hydraulic oil firstly presses the telescopic hydraulic rod 2.4 back to the inside of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2.5, and then presses the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2.5 back to the inside of the fixed hydraulic cylinder 2.2. In the whole restoration process of the reaming ejector rod 2, original hydraulic oil in the reaming ejector rod gradually flows out of the communicating port II2.3 and enters the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device 12 through the hydraulic oil pipeline II9 in the cavity, the hydraulic oil connecting pipe II10 and the high-pressure hose II 11.
4) After the initial pointing reaming and cave-making process is completed, the four reaming ejector rods 2 on the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod 1 are all restored to a compressed state, the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod 1 can be rotated by 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees by controlling the turning angle controller 7, and a complete reaming and cave-making process of firstly extending and then compressing is performed after each rotation is completed, so that four times of reaming and cave-making processes are counted. And after the fourth reaming and cave-making is finished, the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod 1 rotates by-270 degrees from the current position and retreats backwards by 150mm, and the next round of reaming and cave-making process is carried out, namely the steps are repeated until the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod 1 retreats from the coal seam drilling hole, and reaming is finished.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic reaming and cave-making permeability-increasing device is characterized by comprising a hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod, reaming ejector rods, a connecting rod, a corner controller, a hydraulic oil injection pipeline, a hydraulic oil outlet pipeline, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a control device, wherein the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod is a cavity shell, one end of the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod is connected with the corner controller through the connecting rod, a plurality of reaming ejector rods are arranged on the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod and are secondary telescopic cylinder bodies capable of realizing telescopic movement under the action of hydraulic oil, the reaming ejector rods are integrally in a compressed state under a non-reaming cave-making state, the reaming ejector rods are integrally in a completely extended state under the reaming cave-making state, the reaming ejector rods are provided with oil injection communicating ports and oil outlet communicating ports, and the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device are respectively connected with the oil injection communicating ports and the oil outlet communicating ports through the hydraulic oil injection pipeline and the hydraulic oil outlet pipeline, the corner controller can realize the rotation of the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod at different angles.
2. The hydraulic reaming, cave-making and permeability-increasing device for the back-withdrawing type coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic oil outlet pipeline is composed of an intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline I, a hydraulic oil connecting pipe I and a high-pressure hose I, and the oil outlet communicating port, the intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline I, the hydraulic oil connecting pipe I, the high-pressure hose I, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device are connected in sequence through threads to form a hydraulic oil outlet channel.
3. The hydraulic reaming, cave-making and permeability-increasing device for the back-withdrawing type coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic oil injection pipeline is composed of an intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline II, a hydraulic oil connecting pipe II and a high-pressure hose II, and the oil injection communicating port, the intracavity hydraulic oil pipeline II, the hydraulic oil connecting pipe II, the high-pressure hose II, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device are sequentially in threaded connection to form a hydraulic oil injection channel.
4. The hydraulic reaming, cave-making and permeability-increasing device for the back-withdrawing type coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the oil injection communicating port is arranged at the bottom of the reaming ejector rod.
5. The hydraulic reaming, cave-making and permeability-increasing device for the back-withdrawing type coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the reaming ejector rod is composed of a fixed hydraulic cylinder, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder and a telescopic hydraulic rod in sequence from outside to inside, the telescopic hydraulic rod is a solid rod body, hydraulic oil is filled between the fixed hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and between the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic hydraulic rod in a non-reaming and hole-making state, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic hydraulic rod are sequentially jacked up by the hydraulic oil through a hydraulic oil injection pipeline in a reaming and hole-making state.
6. The hydraulic reaming, cave-making and permeability-increasing device for the back-withdrawing type coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod is 150mm in length.
7. The hydraulic reaming, cave-making and permeability-increasing device for the back-withdrawing type coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the appearance of the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod is a cylinder, four reaming ejector rods are arranged on the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod, the distance between the four reaming ejector rods is 195mm, and the upper surface of the reaming ejector rod in a compressed state is flush with the outer wall of the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod.
8. The hydraulic reaming, cave-making and permeability-increasing device for the back-withdrawing coal seam according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the corner controller can realize that the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod rotates by taking positive and negative 90 degrees as a unit.
9. A hole-expanding and permeability-increasing method adopting the back-withdrawing type coal seam hydraulic hole-expanding, cave-making and permeability-increasing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, performing a coal seam drilling process, withdrawing drilling equipment after a drill hole and a drill site are formed, putting all hole expanding ejector rods on a hydraulic hole expanding and cave making rod in a compressed state, adjusting a corner controller to keep the hole expanding ejector rods vertical, and pushing the hydraulic hole expanding and cave making rod into the bottom of the drill hole;
step 2, operating the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device to inject hydraulic oil along a hydraulic oil injection pipeline, enabling the hydraulic oil to enter the reaming ejector rod through the oil injection communicating port, pushing the reaming ejector rod to the maximum telescopic amount, and extending and extruding the reaming ejector rod to penetrate into a coal bed to form a cylindrical cave path;
step 3, after the initial pointing reaming and cave-making process is completed, operating the hydraulic oil cylinder and the control device to enable the hydraulic oil in the reaming ejector rod to flow out of the reaming ejector rod through a hydraulic oil outlet pipeline, and enabling the reaming ejector rod to recover a compressed state;
step 4, controlling the turning angle controller to sequentially realize the reaming and cave-making procedures of rotating the hydraulic reaming and cave-making rod by 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees, and performing first extension and then compression of the complete reaming top rod after each rotation;
step 5, rotating the hydraulic hole expanding and hole making rod by-270 degrees, retreating backwards by 150mm, and repeating the step 2-4 to carry out the hole expanding and hole making process of the next round;
and 6, repeating the step 5 until the hydraulic hole expanding and cave building rod exits from the coal seam drilling hole, and finishing the hole expanding operation.
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| CN113187536B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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