CN113187506A - Yielding support structure and method for measuring pressure and deformation of surrounding rock - Google Patents
Yielding support structure and method for measuring pressure and deformation of surrounding rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN113187506A CN113187506A CN202110484220.6A CN202110484220A CN113187506A CN 113187506 A CN113187506 A CN 113187506A CN 202110484220 A CN202110484220 A CN 202110484220A CN 113187506 A CN113187506 A CN 113187506A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/002—Auxiliary devices in which the prop type is not essential
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a yielding support structure for measuring surrounding rock pressure and deformation, which comprises a main support plate and an auxiliary support plate, wherein the main support plate is inverted U-shaped, two ends of the main support plate are inserted into bottom surrounding rock, the auxiliary support plate is inverted U-shaped and sleeved outside the main support plate, two ends of the auxiliary support plate are inserted into the bottom surrounding rock, a plurality of small chambers are arranged at the outer side of the main support plate at equal intervals, a yielding support device is arranged in each small chamber, the bottom of the yielding support device is fixed in the small chamber, the top of the yielding support device is fixed at the inner side of the auxiliary support plate, and a pressure and deformation measuring device is arranged between the auxiliary support plate and the main U-shaped support plate. The invention can absorb and consume energy through the deformation of the spring, accords with the change characteristic of the surrounding rock pressure and the stress performance of the yielding support, can obtain the pressure, the released energy and the displacement of the surrounding rock at different moments through connecting a sensor and arranging a measuring graduated scale, has very high guiding significance for the actual engineering design, and has the characteristics of safety, reliability and good effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering geology, in particular to a yielding support structure and a yielding support method for measuring surrounding rock pressure and deformation.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous increase of mining depth, the number of all coal roadways and soft rock roadways is more and more, and the phenomena of loosening and damage and large deformation of surrounding rocks are more and more common. The surrounding rock supporting technology is particularly important, and in terms of a surrounding rock supporting scheme and a supporting mechanism, the purpose is to allow the surrounding rock to have certain deformation, effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock, fully utilize the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, realize active supporting and ensure the stability of a yielding supporting structure.
The design of yielding support often determines the effectiveness and the service life of the yielding support structure. In the surrounding rock engineering practice of the past years, people create a plurality of supporting materials and supporting structures with yielding functions, and certain achievements are achieved in the aspect of tunnel yielding supporting, but more conceptional qualitative analysis and experimental research are focused, the research on mechanical reaction of yielding supporting is less, the pressure, the released energy and the displacement of the deformation of the surrounding rock cannot be measured in the supporting, and a better reference value cannot be achieved in the actual engineering design and calculation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a yielding supporting structure for measuring the pressure and deformation of surrounding rocks, which is simple in structure and reliable in work, and provides a supporting method.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a pressure yielding supporting structure for measuring surrounding rock pressure and deformation comprises a main supporting plate, an auxiliary supporting plate, a pressure yielding supporting device and a pressure and deformation measuring device, wherein the main supporting plate is inverted U-shaped, two ends of the main supporting plate are inserted into bottom surrounding rocks, the auxiliary supporting plate is inverted U-shaped and sleeved on the outer side of the main supporting plate, two ends of the auxiliary supporting plate are inserted into the bottom surrounding rocks, a plurality of small chambers are arranged on the outer side of the main supporting plate at equal intervals, a pressure yielding supporting device is arranged in each small chamber, the bottom of the pressure yielding supporting device is fixed in each small chamber, the top of the pressure yielding supporting device is fixed on the inner side of the auxiliary supporting plate, the pressure and deformation measuring device is arranged between the auxiliary supporting plate and the main U-shaped supporting plate, the outer side of the auxiliary supporting plate is in contact with the surrounding rocks and transmits the force of the external surrounding rocks to the pressure yielding supporting device, the main supporting plate is positioned below the pressure yielding device to provide supporting force for the pressure yielding supporting device, the lower part of the yielding support device is guaranteed not to deform and move.
Above-mentioned measure wall rock pressure and yielding supporting construction, it includes draw-in groove, upper padding plate, spring, lower draw-in groove, sensor, lower bolster, connecting wire to let press supporting device, the upper and lower both ends of spring are fixed respectively and are set up upper padding plate and lower bolster, and the upper padding plate is fixed in last draw-in groove, and last draw-in groove passes through
The number screw is fixed on the inner side of the auxiliary supporting plate, the lower backing plate is fixed in the lower clamping groove, and the lower clamping groove passes through
The number screw is fixed in the small chamber outside the main support guard plate, a sensor is arranged between the lower clamping groove and the small chamber, and a connecting line at the end part of the sensor is connected with the small chamberThe controller is connected.
Above-mentioned measurement country rock pressure and yielding supporting construction, go up the draw-in groove and all be the relative setting of U type and opening with lower draw-in groove, go up the draw-in groove and all bore threaded through-hole with draw-in groove outside periphery down, the inboard is bored threaded non-and is penetrated through-hole.
Above-mentioned measure yielding supporting construction of country rock pressure and deformation, the upper padding plate is the cuboid with lower bolster, and inside has round spiral groove to flush with its upper surface, and the upper padding plate all is equipped with the embedded hexagonal screw hole of tip with lower bolster upper end, respectively with last draw-in groove and lower draw-in groove fixed connection through the embedded hexagonal screw hole of tip.
Above-mentioned let pressure supporting construction who measures country rock pressure and deformation, the sensor is the cuboid, and the sensor upper end is equipped with link up the screw thread pore and the embedded hexagonal screw thread pore that link up of tip.
Above-mentioned pressure supporting construction that lets who measures country rock pressure and deformation, the spring is cylindrical coil spring, and both ends have all been done the grinding and have been handled about.
The yielding supporting structure for measuring the pressure and deformation of the surrounding rock comprises a graduated scale,
A screw, a pressing groove, a backing plate,
The lower end of the graduated scale is used through a backing plate
The number screw is fixedly connected with the main support guard plate, the pressure groove is placed on the graduated scale and used
The number screw fixes the pressure groove and the auxiliary supporting plate.
Above-mentioned let of measuring country rock pressure and deformation and press supporting construction, the indent lower extreme corresponds with the 0mm position of scale, and the tangent line position of the point that scale and vice supporting plate align is 0mm for the initial scale of scale.
A method of bracing comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the manufacturing of the supporting plate, the supporting plate has a main supporting plate and an auxiliary supporting plate:
1-1): cutting a plurality of small chambers on the main support guard plate at equal intervals by using a milling machine, wherein the width of each small chamber is consistent with that of the main support guard plate, and a threaded hole is machined at the bottom of each small chamber by using a thread milling cutter;
1-2): selecting a U-shaped plate with the average diameter larger than that of the main protection plate as an auxiliary support plate, and processing the same number of threaded holes in the auxiliary support plate at the positions corresponding to the threaded holes of the small chambers of the main protection plate;
step two: and (3) manufacturing and installing the yielding support device: placing the main support plate and the auxiliary support plate on the same horizontal plane, selecting a spring as a pressure relief device, and grinding both ends of the spring;
2-1): placing the upper base plate in the upper clamping groove and fixing the upper base plate by using a hexagon bolt;
2-2): putting the upper end of the spring into the upper backing plate in a circle of spiral mode, and welding the spring with the external contact part of the upper backing plate;
2-3): placing the sensor into the lower clamping groove, fixing the sensor by using a hexagon bolt, connecting the lower end of the sensor with a connecting wire, then placing the lower backing plate on the sensor, and fixing the lower backing plate by using the hexagon bolt;
2-4): placing the lower end of the spring into the lower backing plate in a circle of spiral mode, welding the spring with the outer contact part of the lower backing plate, and finishing manufacturing of the pressure relief supporting device;
2-5): the yielding supporting device is placed inside the main support plate small chamber, the through hole of the lower base plate is aligned with the hole with the threads inside the main support chamber, the through hole of the upper base plate is aligned with the screw hole prefabricated by the auxiliary supporting plate, and the yielding supporting device is used for supporting the lower base plate and the auxiliary supporting plate
The upper clamping groove and the auxiliary supporting plate are fixed by a number screw
The lower clamping groove and the main support guard plate are fixed by screws;
step three: mounting a pressure and deformation measuring device;
3-1): vertically placing a main support plate and an auxiliary support plate of the yielding support device, wherein the outer part of the auxiliary support plate is in contact with the surrounding rock, and the lower ends of the main support plate and the auxiliary support plate are inserted into the surrounding rock;
3-2): the lower end of the graduated scale is attached to the surface of the main support guard plate, and a backing plate is arranged below the graduated scale for use
The number screw fixes the graduated scale and the main support guard plate through the backing plate;
3-3): the tangent line position of the point where the graduated scale is aligned with the auxiliary supporting plate is 0mm of the initial scale of the graduated scale, the indent is placed on the high-precision scale, the lower end of the indent is aligned with the initial scale of the graduated scale, and the high-precision scale is used
The pressure groove and the auxiliary supporting plate are fixed by a number screw, so that the direction of the graduated scale is fixed;
step four: and measuring the surrounding pressure deformation and the surrounding rock pressure, wherein when the data transmitted by the sensor represents the local stress of the surrounding rock in the position direction of the sensor, the reading of the graduated scale is the deformation displacement of the surrounding rock, and according to the elastic coefficients of the springs of different cells and the reading of the sensor, the pressures of different positions of the surrounding rock and the energy consumption of the surrounding rock of the yielding support device are obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the yielding support device and the pressure and deformation measuring device are arranged between the auxiliary support guard plate and the main U-shaped support guard plate, energy can be absorbed and consumed through the deformation of the high-strength spring, the change characteristics of surrounding rock pressure and the stress performance of the yielding support structure are met, the pressure, the released energy and the displacement of the surrounding rock at different moments can be obtained through connecting the sensor and arranging the measuring graduated scale, the high-strength high-pressure surrounding rock yielding support device has a very high guiding significance on the actual engineering design, and the high-strength high-pressure surrounding rock yielding support device has the characteristics of safety, reliability and good effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the yielding support structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the main tributary guard board of FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the yielding support device in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper card slot in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the upper mat of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensor in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressure and deformation measuring apparatus of fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the indent of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a yielding support structure for measuring surrounding rock pressure and deformation comprises a main support plate 17, an auxiliary support plate 1, a yielding support device and a pressure and deformation measuring device, wherein the main support plate 17 is in an inverted U shape, two ends of the main support plate 17 are inserted into bottom surrounding rocks 18, the auxiliary support plate 1 is in an inverted U shape and is sleeved outside the main support plate 17, two ends of the auxiliary support plate 1 are inserted into the bottom surrounding rocks 18, a plurality of small chambers are equidistantly arranged outside the main support plate 17, a yielding support device is arranged in each small chamber, the bottoms of the yielding support devices are fixed in the small chambers, the tops of the yielding support devices are fixed inside the auxiliary support plate 1, the pressure and deformation measuring devices are arranged between the auxiliary support plate and the main U-shaped support plate, the outer side of the auxiliary support plate 1 is in contact with the surrounding rocks 18, the force of the outside surrounding rocks 18 is transmitted to the yielding support device, the main support plate 17 is positioned below the yielding support device, the support force is provided for the yielding support device, and deformation and movement of the lower part of the yielding support device are avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, the yielding support device comprises an upper clamping groove 7, an upper backing plate 8, a spring 10, a lower clamping groove 11, a sensor 12, a lower backing plate 13 and a connecting wire 15, wherein the upper and lower ends of the spring 10 are respectively and fixedly provided with the upper backing plate 8 and the lower backing plate 13, the upper backing plate 8 is fixed in the upper clamping groove 7, and the upper clamping groove 7 passes through the upper clamping groove 7
The number screw 9 is fixed on the inner side of the auxiliary supporting plate 1, the lower backing plate 13 is fixed in the lower clamping groove 11, and the lower clamping groove 11 passes through
The number screw 14 is fixed in a small chamber outside the main protection plate 17, a sensor 12 is arranged between the lower card slot 11 and the small chamber, and a connecting wire 15 at the end part of the sensor 12 is connected with a controller 16.
As shown in fig. 4, go up draw-in groove 7 and draw-in groove 11 down and all be the U type and the opening sets up relatively, bottom thickness is 60mm, goes up draw-in groove 7 and draw-in groove 11 outside periphery and all bores 4 through-going holes that have a screw thread down, and the inboard is bored 4 non-through-going holes that have a screw thread.
As shown in fig. 5, the thickness of the upper padding plate 8 and the lower padding plate 13 is 60mm, the bottom surface size is a cuboid of 210mm × 210mm, the inside of the cuboid is provided with a circle of spiral grooves with the diameter of 15mm, the spiral grooves are flush with the upper surface of the cuboid, the upper padding plate 8 and the upper end of the lower padding plate 13 are respectively provided with 4 end embedded hexagonal threaded holes, and the upper padding plate is respectively fixedly connected with the upper clamping groove 7 and the lower clamping groove 11 through the end embedded hexagonal threaded holes.
As shown in FIG. 6, the sensor 12 is a cuboid with a height of 80mm and a bottom dimension of 210mm × 210mm, and the upper end of the sensor 12 is provided with 4 through threaded holes and 4 hexagonal through threaded holes embedded in the end part.
The spring 10 is a cylindrical coil spring, and the upper end and the lower end of the spring are both ground.
As shown in FIG. 7, the pressure and deformation measuring device includes a scale 2,
A number screw 3, a pressure groove 4, a backing plate 5,
A number screw 6, the lower end of the graduated scale 2 is used by a backing plate 5
The number screw 6 is fixedly connected with the main protection plate 17,the pressure groove 4 is arranged on the graduated scale 2 and used
The screw 3 fixes the pressure groove 4 and the auxiliary support guard plate 1.
As shown in fig. 8, the lower end of the indent 4 corresponds to the 0mm position of the scale 2, and the tangential position of the point where the scale 2 is aligned with the sub supporting plate 1 is 0mm of the initial scale of the scale 2.
A method of bracing comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) manufacturing a supporting plate, wherein the supporting plate comprises a main supporting plate 17 and an auxiliary supporting plate 1:
1-1): cutting 26 small chambers with the same width as the main protection plate 17, the length of the small chambers is 210mm, the depth of the small chambers is 200mm on the main protection plate 17 which is 1.22m away from the end part by using a milling machine, and machining 4 threaded holes at the bottom of each small chamber by using a thread milling cutter;
1-2): selecting a U-shaped plate with the average diameter being 500mm larger and the average diameter being 500mm higher than that of the main support plate 17 as an auxiliary support plate 1, and processing the same number of threaded holes in the auxiliary support plate 1 at the positions corresponding to the small-chamber threaded holes of the main support plate 17;
step two: and (3) manufacturing and installing the yielding support device: the main supporting plate 17 and the auxiliary supporting plate 1 are placed on the same horizontal plane, and the distance between the two supporting plates is 500 mm. Selecting a high-strength spring 10 with the diameter of 15mm, the average diameter of 150mm and the height of 330mm as a pressure yielding device, and grinding both ends of the spring 10;
2-1): placing an upper base plate 8 in the upper clamping groove 7 and fixing the upper base plate by using a hexagon bolt;
2-2): putting the upper end of the spring 10 into the upper backing plate 8 in a circle of spiral, and welding the spring 10 with the external contact part of the upper backing plate 8;
2-3): placing a sensor 12 into a lower clamping groove 11, fixing the sensor by using a hexagon bolt, connecting a connecting wire 15 to the lower end of the sensor 12, then placing a lower backing plate 13 on the sensor 12, and fixing the sensor by using the hexagon bolt;
2-4): putting the lower end of the spring 10 into the lower backing plate 13 in a circle of spiral mode, and welding the outer contact part of the spring 10 and the lower backing plate 13, and at the moment, manufacturing the yielding support device;
2-5): the yielding supporting device is placed inside a small chamber of a main supporting plate 17, the through hole of the lower base plate 13 is aligned with a hole with threads inside the main supporting small chamber, the through hole of the upper base plate 8 is aligned with a screw hole prefabricated by the auxiliary supporting plate 1, and the yielding supporting device is used
The upper clamping groove 7 and the auxiliary supporting plate 1 are fixed by a number screw 9
The lower clamping groove 11 and the main supporting plate 17 are fixed by a screw 14;
step three: mounting a pressure and deformation measuring device;
3-1): vertically placing a main support guard plate 17 and an auxiliary support guard plate 1 of the installed yielding support device, wherein the outer part of the auxiliary support guard plate 1 is in contact with surrounding rock 18, and the lower ends of the main support guard plate 17 and the auxiliary support guard plate 1 are both inserted into the surrounding rock 18 and the depth is 1.2 m;
3-2): the lower end of the graduated scale 2 is attached to the surface of the main protection plate 17, and the backing plate 5 is arranged below the graduated scale 2 for use
The scale 2 and the main protection plate 17 are fixed by a screw 3 through a backing plate 5;
3-3): the tangent line position of the point where the graduated scale 2 is aligned with the auxiliary supporting plate 1 is 0mm of the initial scale of the graduated scale 2, the indent 4 is placed on the high-precision scale, the lower end of the indent 4 is aligned with the initial scale of the graduated scale 2, and the use is carried out
The set screw 3 fixes the pressure groove 4 and the auxiliary supporting guard plate 1, and the direction of the graduated scale 2 is ensured to be fixed;
step four: and (3) measuring the deformation of the surrounding rock and the pressure of the surrounding rock 18, and when the data transmitted by the sensor 12 represents the local stress of the surrounding rock 18 in the position direction of the sensor 12, reading the scale 2 as the deformation displacement of the surrounding rock 18. According to the elastic coefficient k of different chamber springs 10, the reading F of the sensor 12 and the sensorBasal area
From the formula
Obtaining pressures P of different positions of the surrounding rock 18; law of hooke's law
The displacement x of the surrounding rock 18 at each pressure relief device position is obtained, and the strain energy of the spring 10 is
W is equal to the amount of energy consumed by the yielding support device in the surrounding rock 18.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a measure yielding supporting construction of country rock pressure and deformation which characterized in that: comprises a main support guard plate, an auxiliary support guard plate, a yielding support device and a pressure and deformation measuring device, wherein the main support guard plate is in an inverted U shape, two ends of the main support guard plate are inserted into surrounding rocks at the bottom, the auxiliary supporting plate is in an inverted U shape and is sleeved outside the main supporting plate, two ends of the auxiliary supporting plate are inserted into the surrounding rock at the bottom, a plurality of small chambers are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the main protection plate, a yielding support device is arranged in each small chamber, the bottom of the yielding support device is fixed in the small chamber, the top of the pressure yielding support device is fixed at the inner side of the auxiliary support plate, a pressure and deformation measuring device is arranged between the auxiliary support guard plate and the main U-shaped support plate, the outer side of the auxiliary support plate is contacted with the surrounding rock, and the force of the external surrounding rock is transmitted to the yielding support device, the main protection plate is positioned below the yielding support device to provide supporting force for the yielding support device, and the situation that the lower part of the yielding support device does not deform and move is guaranteed.
2. The yielding support structure for measuring surrounding rock pressure and deformation according to claim 1, wherein: let and press supporting device and include draw-in groove, upper padding plate, spring, lower draw-in groove, sensor, lower bolster, connecting wire, the upper and lower both ends of spring are fixed respectively and are set up upper padding plate and lower bolster, go upThe backing plate is fixed in the upper clamping groove which passes through
The number screw is fixed on the inner side of the auxiliary supporting plate, the lower backing plate is fixed in the lower clamping groove, and the lower clamping groove passes through
The number screw is fixed in the cell in the main tributary backplate outside, be equipped with the sensor down between draw-in groove and the cell, the connecting wire and the controller of sensor tip are connected.
3. The yielding support structure for measuring surrounding rock pressure and deformation according to claim 2, wherein: go up draw-in groove and draw-in groove down and all be the U type and the opening sets up relatively, go up draw-in groove and draw-in groove outside periphery down and all bore threaded through-hole, the inboard is bored threaded non-and is penetrated the hole.
4. The crush relief supporting structure for measuring pressure and deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 3, wherein: the upper padding plate and the lower padding plate are cuboids, a circle of spiral groove is formed in the upper padding plate and the lower padding plate and is flushed with the upper surface of the spiral groove, end embedded hexagonal threaded holes are formed in the upper padding plate and the upper end of the lower padding plate, and the upper padding plate and the lower padding plate are fixedly connected with the upper clamping groove and the lower clamping groove respectively through the end embedded hexagonal threaded holes.
5. The crush relief supporting structure for measuring pressure and deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 4, wherein: the sensor is the cuboid, and the sensor upper end is equipped with link up screw thread pore and the embedded hexagonal of tip link up screw thread pore.
6. The crush relief supporting structure for measuring pressure and deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 5, wherein: the spring is a cylindrical spiral spring, and the upper end and the lower end of the spring are both ground.
7. The method of claim 6 for measuring wall rock pressure and deformationPress supporting construction, its characterized in that: the pressure and deformation measuring device comprises a graduated scale,
A screw, a pressing groove, a backing plate,
The lower end of the graduated scale is used through a backing plate
The number screw is fixedly connected with the main support guard plate, the pressure groove is placed on the graduated scale and used
The number screw fixes the pressure groove and the auxiliary supporting plate.
8. The crush relief supporting structure for measuring pressure and deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 7, wherein: the lower end of the pressure groove corresponds to the 0mm position of the graduated scale, and the tangent line position of the point where the graduated scale is aligned with the auxiliary supporting plate is 0mm of the initial scale of the graduated scale.
9. A supporting method based on the yielding supporting structure of claim 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the manufacturing of the supporting plate, the supporting plate has a main supporting plate and an auxiliary supporting plate:
1-1): cutting a plurality of small chambers on the main support guard plate at equal intervals by using a milling machine, wherein the width of each small chamber is consistent with that of the main support guard plate, and a threaded hole is machined at the bottom of each small chamber by using a thread milling cutter;
1-2): selecting a U-shaped plate with the average diameter larger than that of the main protection plate as an auxiliary support plate, and processing the same number of threaded holes in the auxiliary support plate at the positions corresponding to the threaded holes of the small chambers of the main protection plate;
step two: and (3) manufacturing and installing the yielding support device: placing the main support plate and the auxiliary support plate on the same horizontal plane, selecting a spring as a pressure relief device, and grinding both ends of the spring;
2-1): placing the upper base plate in the upper clamping groove and fixing the upper base plate by using a hexagon bolt;
2-2): putting the upper end of the spring into the upper backing plate in a circle of spiral mode, and welding the spring with the external contact part of the upper backing plate;
2-3): placing the sensor into the lower clamping groove, fixing the sensor by using a hexagon bolt, connecting the lower end of the sensor with a connecting wire, then placing the lower backing plate on the sensor, and fixing the lower backing plate by using the hexagon bolt;
2-4): placing the lower end of the spring into the lower backing plate in a circle of spiral mode, welding the spring with the outer contact part of the lower backing plate, and finishing manufacturing of the pressure relief supporting device;
2-5): the yielding supporting device is placed inside the main support plate small chamber, the through hole of the lower base plate is aligned with the hole with the threads inside the main support chamber, the through hole of the upper base plate is aligned with the screw hole prefabricated by the auxiliary supporting plate, and the yielding supporting device is used for supporting the lower base plate and the auxiliary supporting plate
The upper clamping groove and the auxiliary supporting plate are fixed by a number screw
The lower clamping groove and the main support guard plate are fixed by screws;
step three: mounting a pressure and deformation measuring device;
3-1): vertically placing a main support plate and an auxiliary support plate of the yielding support device, wherein the outer part of the auxiliary support plate is in contact with the surrounding rock, and the lower ends of the main support plate and the auxiliary support plate are inserted into the surrounding rock;
3-2): the lower end of the graduated scale is attached to the surface of the main support guard plate, and a backing plate is arranged below the graduated scale for use
The number screw fixes the graduated scale and the main support guard plate through the backing plate;
3-3): scale and auxiliary supporting plateThe tangent line position of the aligned point is 0mm of the initial scale of the graduated scale, the indent is placed on the high-precision scale, the lower end of the indent is aligned with the initial scale of the graduated scale, and the use is performed
The pressure groove and the auxiliary supporting plate are fixed by a number screw, so that the direction of the graduated scale is fixed;
step four: and measuring the surrounding pressure deformation and the surrounding rock pressure, wherein when the data transmitted by the sensor represents the local stress of the surrounding rock in the position direction of the sensor, the reading of the graduated scale is the deformation displacement of the surrounding rock, and according to the elastic coefficients of the springs of different cells and the reading of the sensor, the pressures of different positions of the surrounding rock and the energy consumption of the surrounding rock of the yielding support device are obtained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110484220.6A CN113187506B (en) | 2021-04-30 | Yielding support structure and method for measuring surrounding rock pressure and deformation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110484220.6A CN113187506B (en) | 2021-04-30 | Yielding support structure and method for measuring surrounding rock pressure and deformation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113187506A true CN113187506A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
| CN113187506B CN113187506B (en) | 2024-10-29 |
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