CN113186871A - Canyon dam beneficial to dredging of floating objects - Google Patents
Canyon dam beneficial to dredging of floating objects Download PDFInfo
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- CN113186871A CN113186871A CN202110506962.4A CN202110506962A CN113186871A CN 113186871 A CN113186871 A CN 113186871A CN 202110506962 A CN202110506962 A CN 202110506962A CN 113186871 A CN113186871 A CN 113186871A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D1/00—Bridges in general
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The invention provides a canyon type dam beneficial to dredging floating objects, which relates to the field of hydraulic engineering and coastal engineering, and comprises the following components: the shore-based protective dam is arranged at the upstream of the water area floating object hazard sensitive protection target by taking the shore base as a starting point; the symmetrical protective dam is arranged on the outer side of the shore-based protective dam and is constructed symmetrically relative to the shore-based protective dam, the symmetrical protective dam can be arranged in equal length or unequal length relative to the shore-based protective dam, and the symmetrical protective dam and the shore-based protective dam form a bell mouth-shaped dam body with a gradually reduced section; the traffic bridge is arranged above the protective dam canyon type exit so as to be beneficial to traffic; the invention enables the floating objects to automatically and rapidly reach the canyon type outlet of the dam body and be conveyed to the downstream at a faster flow speed, and the floating objects are far away from the sensitive protection target in the dam, thereby greatly improving the protection effect on the sensitive protection target and being suitable for dredging and preventing the floating objects in the water area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dam, in particular to a canyon type dam beneficial to dredging of floating objects, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering and coastal engineering.
Background
In natural waters, many floating objects often exist, including various artificial wastes such as plastics, foams and cloth, and natural substances such as dead branches, fallen leaves, duckweeds, fulminant algae and plankton, and the floating objects have an increasing trend in recent years and cause various damages to social production and economic development. The floaters affect the aesthetic feeling of the landscape and the tourism industry slightly, and the floaters are putrefactive to pollute the ecological environment and affect the water quality and the safety of aquatic organisms, and more seriously, the floaters often block the daily water taking system of an industrial water source and affect the normal production and operation of related enterprises. Therefore, people try to eliminate or reduce the harm and influence of floaters in water areas by various methods, but the effect is not satisfactory. One method is to create a certain diversion measure such as a dam and dredge the flow of the floating objects to other places, so that the floating objects bypass the sensitive protection target and drift to other places, thereby reducing or eliminating the influence and harm of the floating objects in the water area on the sensitive protection target. Although the floating object drainage or dredging measures are expedient, the floating object in the water area cannot be completely eliminated, but the protection effect on a sensitive protection target is better, and the measures are one of the common water area floating object protection measures at present, and comprise dredging protection measures such as a certain fixedly arranged or movable protection dike, a dredging net and the like.
The existing water area floating object dredging protective measures are usually single-side facilities based on land shore bases, and the drainage dredging effect on the water area floating objects is limited. Aiming at the situation, the invention creatively provides a canyon type dam which is beneficial to dredging floating objects.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provide a canyon dam which is beneficial to dredging floaters, so as to solve the problem of limited drainage and dredging effect on floaters in water areas in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a canyon dam for facilitating the evacuation of floating objects, comprising:
the shore-based protective dam is arranged at the upstream of the water area floating object hazard sensitive protection target by taking the shore base as a starting point;
the symmetrical protective dam is arranged on the outer side of the shore-based protective dam and is a symmetrical building relative to the shore-based protective dam, the symmetrical protective dam can be arranged at equal length or unequal length relative to the shore-based protective dam, the symmetrical protective dam and the shore-based protective dam form a bell mouth-shaped dam body with a gradually reduced section, and the dam body formed by the symmetrical protective dam and the shore-based protective dam is in a canyon shape at the same time;
and the traffic bridge is arranged above an outlet of the dam body formed by the symmetrical protective dam and the shore-based protective dam.
Preferably, the symmetrical type protective embankment and the shore-based protective embankment are provided in a curved shape, and the outer sidewall of the symmetrical type protective embankment is gradually adjacent to the outer sidewall of the shore-based protective embankment in a downstream direction.
Preferably, the caliber of the outlet of the dam body is not more than one tenth of the caliber of the inlet of the dam body.
Preferably, the design shapes of the symmetrical protective dam and the shore-based protective dam comprise smooth geometrical curve forms such as a conic curve form, a hyperbolic curve form and a parabolic form.
Preferably, the vertical intersection point of the dam body outlet and the shore line is arranged at the downstream of the water area floater hazard sensitive protection target.
The invention provides a canyon type dam beneficial to dredging of floating objects, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the canyon dam beneficial to dredging the floating objects has the advantages that the streamline at the outlet of the dam body is dense, the flow velocity of water flow is accelerated, and a low-pressure area relative to an upstream flow field is formed, so that the floating objects from the upstream form a suction and gathering effect, a certain siphon effect is formed, the floating objects can automatically and rapidly reach the canyon outlet of the dam body and are conveyed to the downstream at a high flow velocity, sensitive protection targets in the dam are far away, the protection effect on the sensitive protection targets is greatly improved, and the canyon dam is suitable for dredging, preventing and treating the floating objects in the water area.
2. The canyon dam beneficial to dredging the floaters utilizes the self-action of the flow field, so that the floaters in the water area are automatically away from the sensitive protection target at lower manufacturing cost, thereby realizing better protection effect of the floaters in the water area and promoting the sustainable development of social economy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial straight line symmetrical type dike according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial flow line symmetrical type dike according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. symmetrical protective dams; 2. shore-based protective dams; 3. a traffic bridge.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a canyon type dam beneficial to dredging floating objects.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the protection dam comprises a shore-based protection dam 2, which is arranged upstream of a water floating object hazard sensitive protection target with the shore base as a starting point;
the symmetrical protective dam 1 is arranged on the outer side of the shore-based protective dam 2 and is a symmetrical building relative to the shore-based protective dam 2, the symmetrical protective dam 1 can be arranged in equal length or unequal length relative to the shore-based protective dam 2, the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the shore-based protective dam 2 form a bell mouth-shaped dam body with gradually reduced cross section, and meanwhile, the dam body formed by the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the shore-based protective dam 2 is in a canyon shape;
and the traffic bridge 3 is arranged at the outlet of the dam body formed by the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the shore-based protective dam 2, and the traffic bridge 3 is used for sampling traffic and water quality, so that people can conveniently move on the traffic bridge and construction is facilitated.
The symmetrical protective dike 1 and the shore-based protective dike 2 are set to be curved, and the outer side wall of the symmetrical protective dike 1 and the outer side wall of the shore-based protective dike 2 are gradually close to each other towards the downstream direction.
The caliber of the dam outlet is not more than one tenth of the caliber of the dam inlet.
The design shapes of the symmetrical protective embankment 1 and the shore-based protective embankment 2 include smooth geometric curve forms such as conic curve form, hyperbolic curve form and parabolic form.
The vertical intersection point of the dam body outlet and the shore line is arranged at the downstream of the water area floater hazard sensitive protection target.
The working principle is as follows: a dam body structure with gradually reduced caliber is formed between symmetrical protective dams 1 which are symmetrical to a shore-based protective dam 2 from an outer water area at the upstream of a sensitive protective target, so that flow lines in the dam body are gradually dense, the flow rate of water flow is gradually accelerated, a low-pressure area relative to an upstream flow field is formed, the floating objects from the upstream are absorbed and gathered to form a certain siphon effect, the floating objects can automatically and quickly reach gorges of the dam body and are conveyed to the downstream at a higher flow rate to be far away from the sensitive protective target in the dam, the protective effect on the sensitive protective target is greatly improved, the dam body structure is suitable for dredging and preventing the floating objects in the water area, the floating objects in the water area are automatically far away from the sensitive protective target at a lower manufacturing cost by utilizing the self action of the flow field, and the better protective effect of the floating objects is realized, and the sustainable development of the society and economy is promoted.
Example 1, dikes in the water intake area of a river.
A river is 1.5 kilometers wide, a water intake of a waterworks is arranged 20 meters away from the shore, but the river is often damaged by river floating objects, and some river floating objects often enter a water intake pipeline of the waterworks and even block the pipeline. For this purpose, a shore-based protective dam 2 is constructed 300 meters upstream of the intake of the water plant, the structure of which is substantially parabolic, the shore-based protective dam 2 ending 50 meters downstream of the area of the intake of the water plant. The distance between the shore-based protective dam 2 and the shore line in the direction vertical to the shore line is 50 meters. The existing unilateral shore-based protective dam 2 has poor protection effect on river floating objects, and the river floating objects still reach a water intake frequently. Therefore, a symmetrical protective dam 1 having a substantially parabolic shape is additionally installed in a river having a distance of 25 m from the shore-based protective dam 2, and the length of the symmetrical protective dam 1 is different from that of the shore-based protective dam 2 and is 80 m. The distance between the lower end of the symmetrical protective dam 1 with the length of 80 meters and the shore-based protective dam 2 in the direction perpendicular to the shore line is 5 meters, and the distance between the upper end of the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the shore-based protective dam 2 in the direction perpendicular to the shore line is 20 meters, so that the caliber between the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the shore-based protective dam 2 is gradually reduced from 20 meters to 5 meters. A traffic bridge 3 is built at the downstream outlets of the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the shore-based protective dam 2, and the width of the bridge deck is 3 meters, so that traffic and water quality sampling are facilitated. After the symmetrical protective dam 1 is constructed, the flow velocity is greatly increased at the canyon formed between the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the existing shore-based protective dam 2, which is more than 2.5 times of the flow velocity before the symmetrical protective dam 1 is constructed. Therefore, the river floating objects flowing through the river are carried to the downstream of the river by the accelerated river, no longer threatens the water intake of the water plant, and has good protection effect. Through statistical analysis, after the symmetrical protective dam 1 is built, the floating objects of the river reaching the water intake of the river are reduced by more than 50%.
Example 2, an industrial seawater cold source takes the dike in the intake area.
The coastal industry near the sea in southwest adopts seawater for cooling, and an industrial seawater cold source of the coastal industry has huge water intake amount, is often invaded or blocked by seasonal explosive marine organisms, even leads to collapse of a seawater cold source system and shutdown of a production line, and has huge loss. Through investigation, in a marine organism outbreak season, the flow direction of the sea current in the sea area generally conforms to the direction of the shoreline flow to the northwest, so that a shore-based starting point shore-based protective dam 2 is constructed at a position 1.5 kilometers away from a seawater cold source in the southeast and south directions of the incoming sea current. The shore-based protective dam 2 is generally in a single-side hyperbolic shape and ends 100 meters downstream of an industrial water intake after passing through a seawater cold source water intake, and is 0.6 kilometer away from the shore. But the protection effect is not very good, and a large amount of marine floating objects still reach the water intake area of the seawater cold source through the vortex in the outbreak season of marine organisms. Therefore, a symmetrical protective dam 1 is symmetrically built at the position 30 meters away from the tail end of the shore-based protective dam 2 on the outer side of the existing shore-based protective dam 2, the distance between the upper end of the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the shore-based protective dam 2 in the direction perpendicular to the shoreline is 60 meters, the distance between the lower end of the symmetrical protective dam 1 and the shore-based protective dam 2 in the direction perpendicular to the shoreline is 30 meters, the total length is 100 meters, and the dam is in a hyperbolic shape, so that a bell-mouth-shaped dam body with the caliber gradually reduced from 60 meters to 30 meters is formed. At the exit of the dam body, a traffic bridge 3 is erected, the width of the bridge is 5 meters, and therefore traffic is facilitated. After the symmetrical protective dam 1 is built to form a trumpet-shaped dam body, the flow velocity of ocean current at the outlet of the dam body is increased by more than 2.5 times compared with that before the dam body is built, and the sucking and gathering effect is formed on the ocean floating objects at the upstream, so that more ocean floating objects are sucked and gathered at the canyon of the dam body and are conveyed to the far downstream at higher flow velocity, and the invasion and the hazard of the ocean floating objects to a seawater cold source are greatly reduced. Through statistical analysis, after the symmetrical protective dam 1 is built, the marine floating objects reaching the seawater cold source are reduced by more than 60%.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A canyon dam for facilitating the evacuation of floating objects, comprising:
the shore-based protective dam (2) takes the shore base as a starting point and is arranged at the upstream of the water area floating object hazard sensitive protection target;
the symmetrical protective dam (1) is arranged on the outer side of the shore-based protective dam (2) and is a symmetrical building relative to the shore-based protective dam (2), the symmetrical protective dam (1) can be arranged in equal length or unequal length relative to the shore-based protective dam (2), and the symmetrical protective dam (1) and the shore-based protective dam (2) form a bell mouth-shaped dam body with a gradually reduced section;
and the traffic bridge (3) is arranged above an outlet of the dam body formed by the symmetrical protective dam (1) and the shore-based protective dam (2).
2. A canyon dam as defined in claim 1 wherein: the protection dykes and dams (1) and the bank base protection dykes and dams (2) of symmetry type set up to the curve shape, the lateral wall of the protection dykes and dams (1) of symmetry type is close to gradually with the lateral wall of bank base protection dykes and dams (2) on the downstream direction.
3. A canyon dam as defined in claim 1 wherein: the caliber of the dam outlet is not more than one tenth of the caliber of the dam inlet.
4. A canyon dam according to claim 2 wherein: the design shapes of the symmetrical protective dam (1) and the shore-based protective dam (2) comprise smooth geometric curve forms such as a conic curve form, a hyperbolic curve form, a parabolic form and the like.
5. A canyon dam according to claim 3 wherein: and the vertical intersection point of the dam body outlet and the shore line is arranged at the downstream of the water area floater hazard sensitive protection target.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110506962.4A CN113186871B (en) | 2021-05-10 | 2021-05-10 | Canyon dam beneficial to dredging of floating objects |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110506962.4A CN113186871B (en) | 2021-05-10 | 2021-05-10 | Canyon dam beneficial to dredging of floating objects |
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| CN113186871A true CN113186871A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
| CN113186871B CN113186871B (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5673449A (en) * | 1993-05-26 | 1997-10-07 | Vattenfall Utveckling Ab | Flow compensation device for bridge pillars |
| CN101914905A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2010-12-15 | 高文标 | Non-curing transecting type flood protection water conservancy project building |
| CN103614986A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-05 | 化工部长沙设计研究院 | Free surface flow water inflow method suitable for draining off floodwaters of tailing pond |
| CN206428676U (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-08-22 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Spillway inlet channel guiding device |
| CN108221855A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-06-29 | 沈向红 | The water conservancy water conservancy diversion embankment structure of protection type |
| CN209397568U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-09-17 | 贝沃水工（天津）科技有限公司 | The water conservancy water conservancy diversion embankment structure of protection type |
| CN110593222A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-20 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Curve overflow weir structure of bank spillway |
-
2021
- 2021-05-10 CN CN202110506962.4A patent/CN113186871B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5673449A (en) * | 1993-05-26 | 1997-10-07 | Vattenfall Utveckling Ab | Flow compensation device for bridge pillars |
| CN101914905A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2010-12-15 | 高文标 | Non-curing transecting type flood protection water conservancy project building |
| CN103614986A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-05 | 化工部长沙设计研究院 | Free surface flow water inflow method suitable for draining off floodwaters of tailing pond |
| CN206428676U (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-08-22 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Spillway inlet channel guiding device |
| CN108221855A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-06-29 | 沈向红 | The water conservancy water conservancy diversion embankment structure of protection type |
| CN209397568U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-09-17 | 贝沃水工（天津）科技有限公司 | The water conservancy water conservancy diversion embankment structure of protection type |
| CN110593222A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-20 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Curve overflow weir structure of bank spillway |
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| CN113186871B (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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