CN113185333B - Municipal sludge composting method - Google Patents
Municipal sludge composting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113185333B CN113185333B CN202110550221.6A CN202110550221A CN113185333B CN 113185333 B CN113185333 B CN 113185333B CN 202110550221 A CN202110550221 A CN 202110550221A CN 113185333 B CN113185333 B CN 113185333B
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 241001528187 Paliurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 241000157511 Oldenlandia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 132
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 49
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 49
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 241000233779 Cyclocarya paliurus Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 240000001659 Oldenlandia diffusa Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a municipal sludge composting method, which comprises the following steps: 1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; 2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; turning and throwing the mixed materials in the fermentation process; 3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components and conveyed to a mixing tank to be used as fermented materials for the next composting. The fermentation product after composting can replace nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphatic fertilizer to be used for soil fertilization, and carbon compensation is realized. The invention can reduce the energy consumption and the medicine consumption of odor treatment and the addition amount of auxiliary materials, and is a fermentation process with low-level carbon emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pollution control, and particularly relates to a municipal sludge composting method.
Background
The municipal sludge is an organic fertilizer rich in organic matters, high in nitrogen, high in phosphorus and low in potassium, has neutral or acidic pH value and higher nutrient content than common livestock and poultry manure, and has a higher mineralization speed than farmyard manure. In municipal sludge treatment, specific conditioners, swelling agents and the like are usually added into sludge, and after primary fermentation and secondary fermentation, microorganisms can convert organic matters in the sludge into humus, and meanwhile, most pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova and the like in the sludge are killed, so that a compost product containing more humus is finally obtained and is used for improving soil or soil fertility. At present, the sludge recycling process is widely used in countries such as Europe.
The degradation and the stability of perishable organic matters can be realized by aerobic fermentation of the sludge, and the land utilization of the sludge can be realized by aerobic fermentation products under the condition that pollutants such as heavy metals do not exceed the standard, wherein the pollutants comprise landscaping, seedling culture matrixes, soil remediation, agriculture and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a municipal sludge composting method, which comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract according to the designed proportion, and subjected to the next composting.
Further, the preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-pomelo peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and chopping a whole plant of fresh oldenlandia diffusa, fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and dry shaddock peel to form a mixture, preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, placing the mixture in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, extracting for 2-3 h in a water bath at 70-80 ℃ under an ultrasonic environment, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extracting residues;
(2) and concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-pomelo peel extract.
Further, the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: the extract of spreading hedyotis herb, cyclocarya paliurus leaf and shaddock peel is 300: 20-40: 15-20: 80-100: 30-40.
Furthermore, the mixing mass ratio of the whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, the fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the dry pomelo peel is 10: 2-5: 1-4.
Further, the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid is 15-19 g/100mL of trichloroacetic acid, 0.6-1.0 g/100mL of sodium pyrophosphate, 6-9 g/100mL of citric acid, and the balance of water; the mixture is placed in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to the liquid is 1: 8-10; the ultrasonic frequency is 40-60 KHz, and the ultrasonic power is 300-500W.
Further, the extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to 1/5 in the unconcentrated volume.
Therefore, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the fermentation product after composting can replace nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphatic fertilizer to be used for soil fertilization, and carbon compensation is realized. The invention can reduce the energy consumption and the medicine consumption of odor treatment and the addition amount of auxiliary materials, and is a fermentation process with low-level carbon emission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change of organic matter content and time in the composting process in each example and comparative example;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of the composting process of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description with reference to examples:
example 1
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: oldenlandia diffusa, cyclocarya paliurus leaves and shaddock peel extract, wherein the ratio of the extract to the extract is 300:20:15:80: 30;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-shaddock peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and chopping a whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and dry shaddock peel to form a mixture, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, the fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the dry shaddock peel is 10:2: 1. Preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and placing the mixture into the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid is 15g/100mL of trichloroacetic acid, 0.6g/100mL of sodium pyrophosphate and 6g/100mL of citric acid, and the balance is water; the mixture is placed in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to the liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 volume before concentration to obtain the extract of herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, folium cyclocarya paliurus and pericarpium Citri Grandis.
Example 2
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: oldenlandia diffusa, cyclocarya paliurus leaves and shaddock peel extract, wherein the ratio of the oldenlandia diffusa to the cyclocarya paliurus leaves to the shaddock peel extract is 300:30:17:90: 33;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-shaddock peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and chopping a whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and dry shaddock peel to form a mixture, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, the fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the dry shaddock peel is 10:3: 2. Preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and placing the mixture into the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid is 17g/100mL of trichloroacetic acid, 0.8g/100mL of sodium pyrophosphate, 7g/100mL of citric acid, and the balance of water; the mixture is placed in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to the liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 volume before concentration to obtain the extract of herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, folium cyclocarya paliurus and pericarpium Citri Grandis.
Example 3
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: oldenlandia diffusa, cyclocarya paliurus leaves and shaddock peel extract, wherein the ratio of the extract to the extract is 300:30:19:90: 38;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-shaddock peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and chopping a whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and dry shaddock peel to form a mixture, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, the fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the dry shaddock peel is 10:4: 3. Preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and placing the mixture into the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid is 18g/100mL of trichloroacetic acid, 0.8g/100mL of sodium pyrophosphate, 8g/100mL of citric acid, and the balance of water; the mixture is placed in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to the liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 volume before concentration to obtain the extract of herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, folium cyclocarya paliurus and pericarpium Citri Grandis.
Example 4
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: oldenlandia diffusa, cyclocarya paliurus leaves and shaddock peel extract, wherein the ratio of the extract to the extract is 300:40:20:100: 40;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-shaddock peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and chopping a whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and dry shaddock peel to form a mixture, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, the fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the dry shaddock peel is 10:5: 4. Preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and placing the mixture into the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid is 19g/100mL of trichloroacetic acid, 1.0g/100mL of sodium pyrophosphate, 9g/100mL of citric acid, and the balance of water; the mixture is placed in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to the liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 volume before concentration to obtain the extract of herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, folium cyclocarya paliurus and pericarpium Citri Grandis.
Comparative example 1
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat and sugar slag into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; wherein the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat and the sugar residues in the mixing tank are mixed according to the weight ratio of the municipal sludge to be treated: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue 300:30:19: 90;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat and the sugar residue according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
Comparative example 2
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa extract into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: oldenlandia diffusa extract 300:30:19:90: 38;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa extract comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting a whole fresh hedyotis diffusa plant, preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, placing the cut hedyotis diffusa into the mixed aqueous solution of the trichloroacetic acid, the sodium pyrophosphate and the citric acid, wherein the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of the trichloroacetic acid, the sodium pyrophosphate and the citric acid is 18g/100mL of the trichloroacetic acid, 0.8g/100mL of the sodium pyrophosphate, 8g/100mL of the citric acid, and the balance of water; placing the cut oldenlandia diffusa into the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of solid to liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 volume before concentration to obtain herba Hedyotidis Diffusae extract.
Comparative example 3
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract in the mixing tank are mixed according to the following weight ratio: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract is 300:30:19:90: 38;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves, preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, placing the cut cyclocarya paliurus leaves in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid is 18g/100mL of trichloroacetic acid, 0.8g/100mL of sodium pyrophosphate and 8g/100mL of citric acid, and the balance is water; placing the cut cyclocarya paliurus leaves in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of solid to liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) and concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume before concentration to obtain the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract.
Comparative example 4
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and shaddock peel extract into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; wherein the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are mixed according to the weight ratio of the municipal sludge to be treated: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: pomelo peel extract 300:30:19:90: 38;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the shaddock peel extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the shaddock peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting dried shaddock peel, preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, and placing the cut shaddock peel in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid is 18g/100mL of trichloroacetic acid, 0.8g/100mL of sodium pyrophosphate and 8g/100mL of citric acid, and the balance is water; placing the chopped shaddock peel into the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of solid to liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume before concentration to obtain the pericarpium Citri Grandis extract.
Comparative example 5
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: oldenlandia diffusa, cyclocarya paliurus leaves and shaddock peel extract, wherein the ratio of the extract to the extract is 300:30:19:90: 38;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-shaddock peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and chopping a whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and dry shaddock peel to form a mixture, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, the fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the dry shaddock peel is 10:4: 3. Preparing an aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, and placing the mixture into the aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, wherein the concentration of trichloroacetic acid in the aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid is 18g/100mL, and the balance is water; the mixture is placed in the trichloroacetic acid aqueous solution, and the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to the liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume before concentration to obtain the extract of herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, folium cyclocarya paliurus and pericarpium Citri Grandis of this comparative example.
Comparative example 6
A municipal sludge composting method comprises the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: oldenlandia diffusa, cyclocarya paliurus leaves and shaddock peel extract, wherein the ratio of the extract to the extract is 300:30:19:90: 38;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; and the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with the municipal sludge to be treated, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract according to the proportion, and subjected to the next fermentation process.
The preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-shaddock peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and chopping a whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and dry shaddock peel to form a mixture, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, the fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the dry shaddock peel is 10:4: 3. Preparing an aqueous solution of sodium pyrophosphate, and placing the mixture into the aqueous solution of sodium pyrophosphate, wherein the concentration of sodium pyrophosphate in the aqueous solution of sodium pyrophosphate is 0.8g/100mL, and the balance is water; the mixture is placed in the aqueous solution of sodium pyrophosphate, and the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to the liquid is 1: 8; extracting in 75 + -5 deg.C water bath for 2h under the ultrasonic environment with ultrasonic frequency of 50KHz and ultrasonic power of 400W, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution and residue;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume before concentration to obtain the extract of herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, folium cyclocarya paliurus and pericarpium Citri Grandis of this comparative example.
Example 5
In the composting process according to the methods described in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6, the change in the organic matter content of the compost before, on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 was measured, and the results are shown in fig. 1. In the composting process, unstable organic matters in the compost are decomposed and converted into carbon dioxide, water, mineral substances and stabilized humus, and the organic matter content of the compost is obviously changed. It is generally accepted that a decrease in organic content during composting is an important indicator of compost maturity. By adopting the method for composting, organic matters are remarkably reduced from 2 nd to 10 th days of composting, which is mainly because a large amount of metabolic activity of microorganisms is carried out and a large amount of organic matters are decomposed, so that the organic matters are reduced to a certain extent along with the progress of the composting. Comparing example 3 with each proportion, it can be seen that the inflection point of the obvious decrease of the organic matter content in the method of each proportion is obviously delayed from that of the invention, and the ophioglossus fasciatus-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract has the promotion effect on the composting fermentation process.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and for those skilled in the art, the ideas according to the embodiments of the present invention may be changed in the specific implementation manners and the application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A municipal sludge composting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) introducing municipal sludge to be treated into a mixing tank, adding fermented materials, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extracts into the mixing tank, and uniformly mixing; the municipal sludge to be treated, the fermented materials, the bran coat, the sugar residue and the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract in the mixing tank are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: fermenting the materials: bran coat: sugar residue: spreading hedyotis herb, cyclocarya paliurus leaves and shaddock peel extract =300: 20-40: 15-20: 80-100: 30-40;
2) after uniformly mixing, introducing the mixed materials into a fermentation system for composting; a turning machine is arranged in the fermentation system, and the mixed materials are turned in the fermentation process;
3) discharging after fermentation is finished, and conveying the materials discharged from the tail end of the fermentation tank to a clinker batching bin through a discharging belt conveyor, wherein one part of the materials is conveyed to a sludge transport vehicle by a movable belt conveyor as a compost product and then is loaded and transported away or temporarily stored; the other part of the materials are taken as one of the mixing components, conveyed to a mixing tank, mixed with municipal sludge to be treated, bran coat, sugar residue and oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaves-shaddock peel extract according to the designed proportion for the next composting;
the preparation method of the oldenlandia diffusa-cyclocarya paliurus leaf-shaddock peel extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and chopping a whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and dry shaddock peel to form a mixture, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the whole fresh oldenlandia diffusa, the fresh cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the dry shaddock peel is oldenlandia diffusa, the cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the shaddock peel =10: 2-5: 1-4; preparing a mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid, wherein the concentration of each component in the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid is 15-19 g/100mL of trichloroacetic acid, 0.6-1.0 g/100mL of sodium pyrophosphate and 6-9 g/100mL of citric acid, and the balance of water; placing the mixture into the mixed aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid, sodium pyrophosphate and citric acid according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of solid to liquid =1: 8-10, extracting in a water bath at 70-80 ℃ for 2-3 h under an ultrasonic environment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 40-60 KHz, the ultrasonic power is 300-500W, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extracting residues;
(2) concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 volume before concentration to obtain the extract of herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, folium cyclocarya paliurus and pericarpium Citri Grandis.
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| JP2009297701A (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2009-12-24 | Shoji Sawada | Agent and method for decomposing garbage and sludge |
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| CN106116971A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-salt alkali composition containing Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108059497A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-22 | 南京中电环保工程有限公司 | A kind of municipal sludge compositing system and method |
| CN108373377B (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2021-01-29 | 太原理工大学 | Composting treatment method for sludge of municipal sewage treatment plant |
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