CN113185214A - Self-compacting concrete based on ultrasonic oscillation technology and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-compacting concrete based on ultrasonic oscillation technology and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/40—Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
- B28C5/402—Methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/40—Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
- B28C5/404—Pre-treatment of fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
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- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/248—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork from specific plants, e.g. hemp fibres
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00008—Obtaining or using nanotechnology related materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses self-compacting concrete based on an ultrasonic oscillation technology and a preparation method thereof. According to the method, a stone powder byproduct generated in the process of mechanical processing in a quarry is selected, sisal fibers and stone powder are applied to the self-compacting concrete, and the working performance and the mechanical strength of the self-compacting concrete can be remarkably improved through synergistic effect of the modified sisal fibers and the stone powder through ultrasonic oscillation. Firstly, carrying out surface treatment on the sisal fibers and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation, adding water and an additive to prepare a mixed solution, then stirring and oscillating to uniformly disperse each particle, thereby exerting the material characteristics to the maximum extent, and finally obtaining the sisal fiber-stone powder self-compacting concrete which can meet the fluidity required by the sisal fiber-stone powder self-compacting concrete applied to engineering and also ensures the excellent mechanical property and strength of the sisal fiber-stone powder self-compacting concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to sisal fiber and stone powder composite self-compacting concrete based on an ultrasonic oscillation technology and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Self-compacting concrete is one of the most widely used types of concrete in the world today, mainly because of its self-compacting nature and strength. Unlike conventional concrete, self-compacting concrete does not require the use of external compaction machinery such as submerged vibrators, is a highly fluid, non-segregating, special concrete type, and by its own weight, can be incorporated into a variety of forms, including heavily reinforced areas and narrow and deeper areas.
Since the 21 st century, the use and research of fibers in self-compacting concrete has become widespread. The sisal fibers are long, cheap, tough, elastic, strong in tensile force, acid-resistant and corrosion-resistant, and cannot generate chemical reaction with acid and alkali when added into concrete (alkaline), so that the sisal fibers in the fibers are good fiber materials, but the sisal fibers do not exert all tensile property in the lateral tensile process of the concrete due to the fact that the friction force between the surfaces of the sisal fibers and the concrete is too small in the existing concrete containing the sisal fibers, the strength of the concrete is not obviously increased, and most of the sisal fibers are only pulled out but not broken when the concrete is damaged. Therefore, in order to improve the compressive strength of concrete, it is necessary to modify sisal fibers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide self-compacting concrete based on an ultrasonic oscillation technology and a preparation method thereof. The micron-grade stone powder and the modified sisal fibers are added into the concrete, so that the strength of the self-compacting concrete can be improved under the same condition, meanwhile, the stone powder can be introduced into the concrete to the maximum extent, and the problem that the strength of the concrete is reduced due to the fact that too much stone powder is introduced in the prior art can be solved. The self-compacting concrete adopts the ultrasonic oscillation technology during reconfiguration, and ultrasonic oscillation can not only fully disperse sisal fibers, but also wrap nano-scale silicon dioxide on the sisal fibers, so that the fibers are rougher, the friction force of the fibers in the concrete is obviously increased, and the problem of concrete strength reduction caused by introduction of excessive stone powder is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a self-compacting concrete based on ultrasonic oscillation technology, which is characterized in that: sisal fibers and micron-sized stone powder are added into the concrete, wherein the sisal fibers are subjected to surface treatment and are wrapped with nano-scale silicon dioxide on the surfaces of the sisal fibers through ultrasonic oscillation.
The particle size of the micron-sized stone powder is 70-250 microns, and the stone powder is zeolite powder and/or silica powder.
The adding amount of the stone powder is 20-35% of the mass of the portland cement in the concrete; the addition amount of the nano-scale silicon dioxide is 1/5-3/10 of the mass of the sisal fibers; the addition amount of the sisal fiber is 0.4-3% of the mass of the portland cement in the concrete.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a self-compacting concrete based on an ultrasonic oscillation technology, wherein the self-compacting concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ordinary portland cement: 1 part of
First-grade fly ash: 0.78 part
Stone: 1.68 parts of
Standard sand: 0.84 portion
Stone powder: 0.32 part
High-efficiency water reducing agent: 0.168 parts of
Sisal fiber: 0.006-0.018 portion of
Nano silicon dioxide: 0.0012 to 0.0036 portion
Water: 0.840 part of
Coupling agent: 0.00036 to 0.002 portion of
Dispersing agent: 0.0006 to 0.0018 portion.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of self-compacting concrete based on an ultrasonic oscillation technology, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight, the raw materials are divided into four groups, wherein the first group is 0.006-0.018 parts of sisal fibers, the second group is 0.0012-0.0036 parts of nano silicon dioxide, the third group is 0.840 parts of water and 0.168 parts of a high-efficiency water reducing agent, the fourth group is 1 part of ordinary portland cement, 0.78 parts of first-grade fly ash, 0.32 parts of stone powder, 1.68 parts of stones and 0.84 parts of standard sand;
(2) placing the first group of raw materials into a sodium hydroxide solution, standing for 0.25 h, then cleaning with clear water, and drying at 80 ℃ to remove impurities on the surface;
(3) adding the second group of raw materials into 300 ml of ethanol solution to prepare suspension, placing the suspension device into an ultrasonic oscillator, vibrating with the vibration frequency of 40Khz and the power of 120W, adding 1/5 of the total mass of the coupling agent when vibrating to the 10 th minute, continuing vibrating to the 20 th minute, stopping vibrating, and drying to be in a viscous state at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) and (3) adding the sisal fibers treated in the step (2) into 500 ml of ethanol solution, vibrating with the vibration frequency of 40Khz and the power of 120W, gradually dripping all the rest coupling agents when vibrating to the 5 th minute, then uniformly vibrating (about 10min), dripping 0.0006-0.0018 part of dispersing agent, continuously vibrating to the 20 th minute, adding the viscous silicon dioxide (nano silicon dioxide, the particle size of which is about 500 nm) treated in the step (3) into the ethanol solution, continuously vibrating for 20 min, stopping vibrating, and drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ after vibrating to obtain the modified sisal fibers. In the ultrasonic oscillation process after nano silicon dioxide adds, because carry out the internal energy increase of high frequency striking between the material, the temperature risees, so must in time dispel the heat, the ultrasonic oscillator is that the heat conductivity of metal is strong moreover, and the instrument can be damaged to the temperature too big, consequently vibrates 2 seconds static 5 seconds, can take out ultrasonic oscillator with the container during static, lets solution be static under the room temperature state for a moment, avoids being heated and the reunion effect that leads to. When the two are combined, the dispersant is added into the sisal fiber solution in advance, and then the nano silicon dioxide is added, so that the nano material can be well dispersed, and the nano silicon dioxide is prevented from being agglomerated, and the dispersant can be selected from HH2698 and HH 2086.
(5) Mixing and stirring the third group of raw materials to form a mixed solution.
(6) And (3) uniformly dispersing the modified sisal fibers obtained in the step (4) into the fourth group of raw materials to obtain a mixture, stirring the mixture for 5 minutes, adding half of the mixed solution obtained in the step (5) into the dry materials, stirring for 200 seconds, then performing a vibration process for 200 seconds, adding the other half of the mixed solution, and performing a stirring process for 400 seconds to prepare the sisal fiber-stone powder self-compacting concrete.
In addition, the mechanical properties and the working performance of the concrete are subjected to relevant tests by adopting tests of the compressive strength, the bending strength and the slump expansion degree of the axis of the cube. The compression strength needs to support the concrete into a test block of 50mm x 50mm, and the bending strength needs to make the concrete into a test block of 40mm x 160 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, a series of modification processing is carried out on the sisal fiber material, so that the acid resistance, alkali resistance and surface friction of the sisal fiber are improved, the tensile property of the section is enhanced, and the compressive strength of concrete is further improved. The compression strength of concrete can be improved by adding fibers into the concrete, the principle is that a member is compressed, the section of the member is pulled, and the fibers play the role of reinforcing steel bars, so that the compression strength of the member can be indirectly improved by improving the tensile strength of the section. The application uses the sisal fiber, utilizes ultrasonic oscillation to wrap up nano silicon dioxide on the surface of the fiber, makes the surface of the fiber rougher, increases the friction force of the fiber in concrete, and thus can greatly improve the tensile strength of the section, thereby obviously improving the compressive strength of the member under the same condition. On the premise of not reducing the strength of the self-compacting concrete, a large amount of waste stone powder is successfully introduced, and the stone powder is used for replacing part of cement, so that the aim of fully utilizing the waste is fulfilled.
1. And (5) recycling solid waste stone powder. Stone powder is produced from rock by mechanical crushing, is a by-product produced during the mechanical processing of crushed stone in quarries, and as a by-product, it occupies both the site and pollutes the environment. The river sand with smooth surface formed by stone powder and water flow is different, the stone powder surface is rough and has sharp edges, so the total specific surface area is large, the void ratio is high, and the stacking density is small, and the characteristics can reduce the working performance of concrete to a certain extent, therefore, the mechanical property of the concrete can be reduced by adding too much stone powder in the prior art, and the utilization rate of the stone powder is low. The invention adopts zeolite powder and silica powder and selects different particle sizes to replace partial cement and sand, thereby playing the volcanic ash effect and achieving the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection on the premise of not losing the compressive strength of concrete. The cement can replace about 15% of cement, and the hydration effect of the cement is promoted.
2. The introduction of plant fibers into concrete was explored. Nowadays, the demand for concrete for domestic construction is increasing day by day, but in the case of concrete, there are still many drawbacks such as low bending strength and environmental problems. How to ameliorate these deficiencies and gain the greatest benefit has been the direction of our research. Compared with artificial synthetic fibers, natural plant fibers have the characteristics and advantages of low cost, wide sources, environmental friendliness and the like, and the characteristics are favorable for environmental protection and accord with the concept of sustainable development. The application of the plant fiber in the concrete can also provide benefits for the society and obtain objective economic benefits. The application can finally prepare the high-strength and high-toughness fiber self-compacting concrete through the modification treatment of the sisal fibers.
3. The preparation method adopts the ultrasonic oscillation technology, so that the material particles can be uniformly dispersed, the surface of the sisal fiber can be firmly coated with silicon dioxide to form a whole, and the performance of the fiber material can be exerted to the maximum extent.
4. The preparation method of the invention fully considers the problem that the strength is obviously reduced because the waste stone powder is introduced into the self-compacting concrete, and provides a product which can maximally add a large amount of stone powder to ensure that the strength of the concrete is higher and can meet the requirements of the working performance and the mechanical strength of the self-compacting concrete. Meanwhile, the concrete is prepared by adopting an ultrasonic oscillation technology, firstly carrying out surface treatment on the sisal fibers and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation, adding water and a water reducing agent to prepare a mixed solution, then stirring and oscillating to uniformly disperse particles, so that the material characteristics can be exerted to the maximum extent, and the finally obtained sisal fiber-stone powder self-compacting concrete can meet the fluidity required by the application of the sisal fibers-stone powder self-compacting concrete in engineering and also ensures the excellent mechanical property and strength of the sisal fibers-stone powder self-compacting concrete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of modified sisal fibers of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a failure mode diagram of the mechanical test in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a fracture resistance test in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a failure mode diagram of the mechanical test in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of silica powder of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an SEM image of zeolite powder of example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of self-compacting concrete of example 1 of the present invention;
the specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be further explained with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention relates to self-compacting concrete based on an ultrasonic oscillation technology and a preparation method thereof, wherein the self-compacting concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ordinary portland cement: 1 part of
First-grade fly ash: 0.78 part
Stone: 1.68 parts of
Standard sand: 0.84 portion
Stone powder: 0.32 part
High-efficiency water reducing agent: 0.168 parts of
Sisal fiber: 0.006-0.018 portion of
Nano silicon dioxide: 0.0012 to 0.0036 portion
Water: 0.840 part of
Coupling agent: 0.00006 to 0.00018 portion of
Dispersing agent: 0.0006 to 0.0018 portion of
The preparation method of the self-compacting concrete based on the ultrasonic oscillation technology comprises the following steps:
(1) the raw materials are divided into four groups according to the weight number, wherein the first group is 0.006-0.018 parts of sisal fibers, the second group is 0.0012-0.0036 parts of silicon dioxide, the third group is 0.840 parts of water and 0.168 parts of a high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the fourth group is 1 part of ordinary portland cement, 0.78 parts of first-grade fly ash, 0.32 parts of stone powder, 1.68 parts of stones and 0.84 parts of standard sand.
(2) And (3) placing the first group of samples into a sodium hydroxide solution, standing for 0.25 hour, then washing with clear water, and drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ to remove impurities on the surface.
(3) Adding the second group of samples into 300 ml of ethanol solution to prepare suspension, placing the suspension device into an ultrasonic oscillator, vibrating with the vibration frequency of 40Khz and the power of 120W, adding 0.00006-0.00018 part of coupling agent when the suspension device is vibrated to the 10 th minute, continuing vibrating until the 20 th minute, and drying at 80 ℃ until the suspension device is viscous.
(4) Adding the treated sisal fibers in the step (2) into 500 ml of ethanol solution, carrying out vibration treatment with the vibration frequency of 40Khz and the power of 120W, gradually dropwise adding 0.0003-0.0009 part of coupling agent when vibrating for 5 minutes, uniformly dropwise adding 0.0006-0.0018 part of dispersing agent when vibrating for 10 minutes, adding the viscous silicon dioxide in the step (3) when continuously vibrating for 20 minutes, stopping continuously vibrating for 20 minutes, drying at the temperature of 80 ℃, and allowing the solution to stand for 5 seconds every 2 seconds of vibration at room temperature to avoid agglomeration caused by heating. According to the invention, the nano silicon dioxide and the sisal fibers are treated by the coupling agent, so that the two materials are combined more tightly, and the binding force is improved.
(5) Mixing the third group of raw materials and stirring to form a mixed solution.
(6) And (3) uniformly dispersing the dried sisal fibers in the step (4) and adding the dispersed sisal fibers into the fourth group of raw materials, stirring the dry materials of the mixture for 5 minutes, adding one half of the mixed solution in the step (5) into the dry materials, stirring for 200 seconds, then performing a vibration process for 200 seconds, adding the other half of the mixed solution, and stirring for 400 seconds to prepare the sisal fiber-stone powder composite self-compacting concrete.
In addition, the mechanical properties and the working performance of the concrete are tested by adopting the compression strength, the bending strength and the slump expansion degree of a cubic axle center. The compression strength needs to support the concrete into a test block of 50mm x 50mm, and the bending strength needs to make the concrete into a test block of 40mm x 160 mm.
Specific mechanics/working strength experiment
And (3) compression test:
refer to the standard of ordinary concrete mechanical property test method (GB/T50081-200):
in the formula:
Fcc-concrete test block compressive strength (MPa);
f, breaking load (N) of the test piece;
a-test piece pressure-bearing area (mm)2)。
The experimental procedure was as follows:
1. the test piece is placed in front of the testing machine, and the surface of the test piece, the upper bearing plate surface and the lower bearing plate surface are wiped clean.
2. And (3) placing the test piece on a lower pressing plate or a base plate of the testing machine by taking the side surface of the test piece during molding as a pressure-bearing surface, wherein the center of the test piece is aligned with the center of the lower pressing plate of the testing machine.
3. And starting the testing machine, wherein the surface of the test piece is uniformly contacted with the upper and lower bearing plates or the steel base plate.
4. The test process is continuously and uniformly loaded, and the loading speed is 0.5 Mpa/s.
And (3) bending resistance experiment:
refer to the standard of ordinary concrete mechanical property test method (GB/T50081-200):
in the formula:
ftthe bending strength (Mpa) of the concrete test block is accurate to 0.1 Mpa;
f, breaking load (N) of the test piece;
l-span (mm) between supports;
b-the specimen cross-sectional width (mm);
h-the height (mm) of the section of the test piece.
The span is 160mm, and the section width and the section height of the test piece are 40 mm.
Slump expansion test:
1. the concrete slump is simple and meets the regulation of the existing industry standard 'concrete slump constant instrument' JG/T248;
2. the bottom plate is a hard and non-absorbent smooth square flat plate, the side length is 1000mm, the maximum deflection is not more than 3mm, and concentric circles with the central position and the diameter of the slump cone of 200mm, 300mm, 500mm, 600mm, 700mm, 800mm and 900mm are marked on the surface of the flat plate respectively.
3. The filling performance test of the concrete mixture is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) wetting the bottom plate and the slump cone, wherein no open water exists on the slump cone inner wall and the bottom plate; the bottom plate should be placed on a solid horizontal plane, the barrel should be placed in the center of the bottom plate, then the foot pedals on the two sides are stepped on by feet, and the slump barrel should be kept in a fixed position during loading.
(2) The concrete mixture is uniformly filled in the slump cone by the aid of the material containing container in one step under the condition that the concrete mixture is not separated, and tamping or vibration is not required.
(3) Scraping the concrete excess materials at the top and the periphery of the slump cone by adopting a scraper, and quickly lifting the slump cone upwards at a constant speed for about 300mm in the vertical direction after the concrete is leveled with the upper edge of the slump cone, wherein the lifting time is preferably controlled to be 2 s. After the concrete flow stops, the maximum diameter of the expanded circle and the diameter perpendicular to the maximum diameter should be measured. The process is completed within 1.5min from the beginning of feeding to the end of filling, and the process is controlled within 40s from the beginning of slump simple lifting to the end of measuring the expanding diameter of the mixture.
(4) Measuring the time (T) for the extension to 500mm500) When the concrete is lifted from the slump cone and leaves the ground surface, the time is measured by adopting a stopwatch until the expanded concrete outer edge initially touches the circumference with the diameter of 500mm on the flat plate, and the time is accurate to 0.1 s.
4. The concrete expansion degree is the average value of two diameters of which the expansion surfaces are perpendicular to each other after the concrete mixture slump expansion is ended, and the measurement is accurate to 1mm, and the result is corrected to 5 mm.
5. And (3) observing the condition of the concrete after final slump, and judging that the concrete mixture has unqualified segregation resistance when cement paste is separated out from the edge of the concrete after coarse aggregate is accumulated in the center or is finally expanded, and recording.
The method comprises the steps of preparing fine sand with the stone particle size of 5-10mm and the standard sand of 1-2mm, preparing natural sisal fibers from the sisal fibers, and performing surface alkaline treatment on the sisal fibers (the alkaline treatment mode is that the sisal fibers are placed into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L to stand for 0.25 hour), and adding the mixture into concrete after modification by the modification method.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
In the embodiment of the invention, the used raw materials require: the particle size of stone is 5-10mm, standard sand is 1-2mm, and average sisal fiberThe diameter is 300 microns, the length of each section of fiber is 15mm, and the main technical indexes of the sisal fiber are as follows: density 1.5x103kg/m3The water absorption rate per hour is 120 percent, the breaking elongation is 2.1, the tensile strength is 520MPa, the tensile elastic modulus is 10-20GPa, and the Young modulus is 15 GPa.
Example 1
The self-compacting concrete of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ordinary portland cement: 1 part of
First-grade fly ash: 0.78 part
Stone: 1.68 parts of
Standard sand: 0.84 portion
Stone powder: 0.32 part
High-efficiency water reducing agent: 0.168 parts of
Sisal fiber: 0.006 part
Nano silicon dioxide: 0.0012 part
Water: 0.840 part of
Coupling agent: 0.00012 portion of
Dispersing agent: 0.0012 part
In this embodiment, the stone powder is silica powder.
Example 2
The addition amount of sisal fibers and nano-silica was increased on the basis of example 1, and the portion of sisal fibers was 0.012 portion. The silicon dioxide portion is 0.0024 portion.
Example 3
On the basis of example 2, the addition amount of sisal fibers and nano-silica is further increased, and the part of the sisal fibers is 0.018 part. The silica content is 0.0036 parts.
Example 4
In addition to example 1, the particle size of the stone powder was increased to 300 um.
Example 5
On the basis of example 2, the variety of the stone powder is changed, and 75um zeolite powder is selected to replace 75um silica powder.
Example 6
On the basis of example 5, the particle size of the zeolite powder was increased and set to 300 um.
Example 7
In addition to example 4, the amount of sisal fibers and nano-silica added was increased, and the amount of sisal fibers was 0.012 parts. The silicon dioxide portion is 0.0024 portion.
Example 8
When concrete is prepared, ultrasonic oscillation is not set, nano silicon dioxide is directly processed to be in a viscous state according to the step (3) under a mechanical stirring state, and the nano silicon dioxide in the viscous state is added according to the step (4) under the mechanical stirring state, is uniformly stirred and is stirred.
Example 9
On the basis of example 1, the particle size of silica powder was increased to 600 um.
Example 10
On the basis of example 1, the stone powder is replaced by iron tailing slag powder in equal amount.
Comparative example 1
On the basis of example 1, the concrete prepared without adding stone powder, silica and sisal fibers has the composition and content of the best performance conditions shown in table 1.
The compositions and contents of the sisal fiber-stone powder self-compacting concrete based on the ultrasonic oscillation technology in the examples 1-10 are shown in the table 1
Table 1 shows concrete formulations of different examples
According to the concrete performance test, the test data of each example and comparative example are summarized in Table 2
Table 2 results of performance testing
The concrete samples obtained according to the method in examples 1 and 2 have compression strengths of 46.9MPa and 41.1MPa in 28 days and bending strengths of 5.8MPa and 6.2MPa in 28 days, and the slump expansion degrees are 690mm and 660mm respectively.
From the test results, the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the concrete cured for 28 days in examples 1-3 and 5 are greatly increased compared with those of the blank comparative group 1 (i.e. the best self-compacting concrete without sisal fiber and stone powder, the compressive strength of 25.1MPa in 28 days, the bending strength of 3.3MPa and the slump expansion degree of 550mm), the compressive strength of 35MPa in 28 days is achieved, the flexural strength of 5.5MPa is achieved, and the slump expansion degree is slightly increased and is kept at 550mm or more.
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of the modified sisal fibers obtained in example 1, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the silica is sufficiently coated on the surface of the sisal fibers, and the surface of the sisal fibers can be almost completely coated, and the sisal fibers formed by ultrasonic coating have a large friction force, so that the frictional engagement force generated between concrete materials is increased, and thus the flexural strength of the self-compacting concrete is increased by about 75% (taking example 1 as an example, the flexural strength of comparative example 1 is 3.3MPa, the flexural strength of example 1 is 5.8MPa, (5.8-3.3)/3.3 ═ 75%).
FIG. 2 is a failure pattern diagram of a concrete mechanical test obtained in example 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fracture resistance test in example 1; FIG. 4 is a failure mode diagram of the mechanical test in example 3 of the present invention; the quantity of cracks in the concrete is reduced along with the increase of the mixing amount of the sisal fibers and the silicon dioxide, and the tensile capacity of the section of the concrete is enhanced due to the increase of the mixing amount of the fibers and the nano-scale silicon dioxide, so that the concrete member cannot be easily damaged by the tensile stress generated by the section, the cracks are reduced, and the compressive capacity is enhanced. In the figure 4, a part of the concrete on the upper part of the test block after being damaged falls off, two through cracks appear on the edge of the test block, the test block is relatively complete after being damaged, and the sisal fibers can fully play the tensile action.
Comparing the test data of examples 1 and 4 and the test data of examples 5 and 6, it is clear that the compressive strength of the concrete made of silica powder and zeolite powder having an excessively large particle size (about 300 um) is remarkably reduced. The two kinds of stone powder of 75um are greatly influenced by activation, the surface contact area is relatively large, the modification effect is more obvious, and the compressive strength is improved. From the SME scan of 75 μm silica powder and zeolite powder in fig. 5 and 6, it can be seen that, in microscopic view, the silica powder is coarse and has uniform gradation, while the zeolite powder has a round shape and large particle size difference. Therefore, the friction force between materials can be improved by the rough and multi-edge silica powder among the aggregates, and the silica powder is uniform in gradation and is more favorable for filling gaps, so that the compressive strength of concrete is improved. Within the range of 75-250um given in the application, the compressive strength of the self-compacting concrete is greatly improved compared with that of comparative example 1, the preparation cost is low, and the effect is obvious.
Comparing the test data of example 2, example 5, example 6 and example 7, the magnitude ratio of the compressive strength is obtained when the sisal fiber content is the same: example 2, example 5, example 6, example 7, the four examples of flexural strength were substantially the same, and the slump expansion 1 was compared in magnitude: example 7> example 2> example 6> example 5 (the latter three examples are of substantially the same size).
The mechanical property of the sisal fiber self-compacting concrete can be obviously improved by adding the stone powder, and the sisal fiber self-compacting concrete and the stone powder have synergistic effect, so that the self-compacting concrete with low cost, environmental protection, high strength and high toughness can be obtained. Under the same condition, the excessive mixing amount of the sisal fibers and the silicon dioxide can reduce the compressive strength of the member due to the reduction of the relative amount of main compressive materials, the increase of the mixing amount of the sisal fibers and the silicon dioxide can improve the tensile strength of the section of the concrete member and improve the bending resistance, but the compressive strength is reduced along with the increase of the sisal fibers and the silicon dioxide.
The invention adopts the ultrasonic oscillation technology, not only disperses the sisal fibers, but also wraps the nano-silicon dioxide on the surfaces of the sisal fibers in the oscillation process, so that the nano-silicon dioxide and the sisal fibers are in strong collision, the surface friction force of the sisal fibers is increased, and the problem that the whole compressive strength of the member is lost due to the relative reduction of the proportion of main compressive materials of the member caused by the addition of the doped silicon dioxide can be reduced.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a self-compaction concrete based on ultrasonic oscillation technique which characterized in that: sisal fibers and micron-sized stone powder are added into the concrete, wherein the sisal fibers are subjected to surface treatment and are wrapped with nano-scale silicon dioxide on the surfaces of the sisal fibers through ultrasonic oscillation.
2. The self-compacting concrete according to claim 1, wherein the micron-sized stone powder has a particle size of 70-250 μm, and the stone powder is zeolite powder and/or silica powder.
3. The self-compacting concrete according to claim 1, wherein the stone powder is added in an amount of 20-35% by mass of portland cement in the concrete; the addition amount of the nano-scale silicon dioxide is 1/5-3/10 of the mass of the sisal fibers; the addition amount of the sisal fiber is 0.4-3% of the mass of the portland cement in the concrete.
4. The utility model provides a self-compaction concrete based on ultrasonic oscillation technique which characterized in that:
the self-compacting concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ordinary portland cement: 1 part of
First-grade fly ash: 0.78 part
Stone: 1.68 parts of
Standard sand: 0.84 portion
Stone powder: 0.32 part
High-efficiency water reducing agent: 0.168 parts of
Sisal fiber: 0.004-0.03 part
Nano silicon dioxide: 0.0012 to 0.0036 portion
Water: 0.840 part of
Coupling agent: 0.00036 to 0.002 portion of
Dispersing agent: 0.0006 to 0.0018 portion.
5. The self-compacting concrete according to claim 4, wherein the sisal fibers are present in an amount of 0.006-0.018 parts.
6. The method for preparing the self-compacting concrete based on the ultrasonic oscillation technology in claim 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the raw materials into four groups according to weight number, wherein the first group is sisal fiber; the second group is silicon dioxide; the third group is water and a high-efficiency water reducing agent; the fourth group is ordinary portland cement, first-grade fly ash, stone powder, stones and standard sand;
(2) placing the first group of samples into a sodium hydroxide solution, standing for 0.25 h, then cleaning with clear water, and drying at 80 ℃ to remove impurities on the surface;
(3) adding the second group of samples into 300 ml of ethanol solution to prepare suspension, placing the suspension device into an ultrasonic oscillator, carrying out vibration treatment by using the vibration frequency of 40Khz and the power of 120W, adding 1/5 coupling agent when the suspension device is vibrated to the 10 th minute, continuing to vibrate to the 20 th minute, stopping, and drying to be in a viscous state at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain silicon dioxide in a viscous state;
(4) adding the sisal fibers treated in the step (2) into 500 ml of ethanol solution, performing vibration treatment with vibration frequency of 40Khz and power of 120W, gradually dripping the rest coupling agent after vibration to the 5 th minute, dripping a dispersing agent after uniform vibration, continuously vibrating for 10-15min, adding the viscous silicon dioxide obtained in the step (3) into the solution, continuously vibrating for 20-25 minutes and stopping vibration in a manner of standing for several seconds every few seconds of vibration, and finally drying at 80 ℃ to obtain modified sisal fibers;
(5) mixing and stirring the third group of raw materials to form a mixed solution;
(6) and (3) uniformly dispersing the modified sisal fibers obtained in the step (4) into the fourth group of raw materials, stirring the mixture for 5 minutes, adding half of the mixed solution obtained in the step (5) into the mixture, stirring for 200 seconds, then carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 200 seconds, adding the other half of the mixed solution obtained in the step (5), and stirring for 400 seconds to prepare the sisal fiber-stone powder self-compacting concrete.
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