CN113185201A - Method for producing concrete pavement brick by using waste FCC catalyst - Google Patents
Method for producing concrete pavement brick by using waste FCC catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN113185201A CN113185201A CN202110543431.2A CN202110543431A CN113185201A CN 113185201 A CN113185201 A CN 113185201A CN 202110543431 A CN202110543431 A CN 202110543431A CN 113185201 A CN113185201 A CN 113185201A
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 10
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007713 directional crystallization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0481—Other specific industrial waste materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B18/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/04—Preventing evaporation of the mixing water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of environment-friendly building materials, and particularly relates to a method for producing a concrete pavement brick by using a waste FCC catalyst, which comprises the following steps: (1) stirring and mixing the waste FCC catalyst and a curing agent in water, sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones, and uniformly stirring to form semi-dry concrete; (2) and (3) conveying the obtained product into a host hopper, distributing the material in a host die, vibrating, pressurizing, forming, demolding, conveying to a curing kiln, and performing steam curing and curing with a curing agent to obtain the target product. The invention not only can reduce the environmental pollution, but also can reduce the treatment cost of hazardous waste. The concrete pavement brick has the advantages of simple production process route, low preparation cost, easy control of operation and higher production efficiency, does not generate three wastes in the whole process, is easy to popularize and apply, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of environment-friendly building materials, and particularly relates to a method for producing a concrete pavement brick by using a waste FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) catalyst.
Background
In the petroleum industry, the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) process is an important component of modern petroleum refining processes, and the FCC process is a major method for converting heavy oil into light oil by cracking heavy raw materials under the action of a catalyst and a certain temperature. In recent years, the catalytic cracking process in China is rapidly developed, the processing capacity of an FCC device is still in an improved state, and at present, gasoline produced by the FCC device accounts for about 70% of the total gasoline production amount, so that the catalytic cracking process has an important position in the domestic oil refining industry.
In 2016, 8 months and 1 days, newly published national hazardous waste records, the FCC waste catalyst is classified as HW50 type hazardous waste, and the waste codes are as follows: 251-017-50, the dangerous characteristic being Toxicity (T, toxity). The reason for this is that the FCC spent catalyst is believed to contain nickel element and is present in the nickel oxidation state with a mass fraction exceeding 0.1%. Since nickel oxide is a serious carcinogenic substance, which can seriously pollute water resources and affect the living health of human beings, the FCC spent catalyst is listed in the list of dangerous waste.
Over 20 million tons of waste oil refining catalyst are generated by refineries in China every year, and how to reasonably dispose the FCC waste catalyst is an important research subject. The processes of production-storage-transportation-disposal of the spent FCC catalyst according to the national hazardous waste management requirements will be subject to national regulations, and the treatment cost will be greatly increased. The main components of the FCC spent catalyst are silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, rare earth and heavy metal. The method of burying not only causes the waste of resources, but also pollutes the environment. Therefore, how to utilize some components in the FCC waste catalyst as raw materials for comprehensive utilization has attracted the attention of researchers, not only reducing environmental pollution, but also reducing the treatment cost of hazardous waste.
The concrete road brick is made up by using cement and aggregate as main raw material and adopting the processes of processing, vibration and pressurization or other forming processes, and can be used for laying concrete road surfaces of urban road sidewalk and urban square, etc. and blocks and plates of ground engineering. The raw materials of the pavement brick have great demand on stones and sands in the nature, and are extremely dependent on the exploitation of the natural environment, which brings serious influence on the ecological environment. Because the natural stones and the sand are adopted as the aggregate, the strength of the pavement brick is not ideal enough, the service life is not long, and the pavement brick needs to be renovated and paved with new pavement bricks, thereby causing the waste of manpower and financial resources. However, if some additives with high performance are used for modifying the pavement brick, the manufacturing cost of the pavement brick is increased, and the popularization and application of the pavement brick are influenced. Therefore, how to satisfy the requirement of improving the pavement bricks by a low-cost improvement mode becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the method for producing the concrete pavement brick with simple process and low preparation cost. The invention utilizes the FCC spent catalyst as the raw material for recycling, thereby reducing the treatment cost of the FCC spent catalyst. The prepared concrete pavement brick has high compressive strength, good bending resistance and environmental protection and reaches the standard.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by:
a method for producing concrete pavement bricks by using waste FCC catalyst can be implemented by the following steps:
(1) stirring and mixing the waste FCC catalyst and a curing agent in water, sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones, and uniformly stirring to form semi-dry concrete;
(2) and (2) conveying the product obtained in the step (1) into a host hopper, distributing in a host die, vibrating, pressurizing, forming and demolding, and conveying to a curing kiln for steam curing and curing by a curing agent to obtain the target product.
As a preferable scheme, the curing agent is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, montmorillonite and sepiolite powder, and the mass ratio of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the montmorillonite and the sepiolite powder is 1: 0.1-10.
Further, in the step (1) of the invention, the strength grade of the cement is 42.5 grade; the water-cement ratio of the semi-dry concrete is as follows: 1: 0.25 to 0.45.
Further, in the step (1) of the present invention, the mass ratio of the curing agent to the spent FCC catalyst is 1: 1-100; the mass of the waste FCC catalyst accounts for 2-10% of the mass of the whole concrete pavement brick.
Further, in the step (2) of the present invention, the pressure in the material distribution and vibration pressure molding in the host mold is: 150-300 KN for 1-5 seconds; the transverse vibration frequency is: 25-50 Hz; the longitudinal vibration frequency is: 80-130 Hz.
Further, in the step (2) of the present invention, the steam curing temperature is: 40-55 ℃; the relative humidity of air is 85% -95%; the curing time is 12-24 hours; the curing agent is sprayed on the surface of the brick body, and the water retention rate of the curing agent is 97 percent; the curing temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the curing time is 14-21 days.
Further, the leaching amount of the nickel in the concrete pavement brick is as follows: 0.5-2.0 mg/L.
Further, when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the concrete pavement brick is characterized in that: the average value of the compressive strength of 10 blocks with the pressure of 40.0MPa is less than or equal to 43.1MPa, and the compressive strength of a single block with the pressure of 35.0MPa is less than or equal to 41.3 MPa; when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is more than 5, the average value of the flexural strength of 10 blocks is more than or equal to 4.00Mpa, and the flexural strength of a single block is more than or equal to 3.20 Mpa.
Further, the concrete pavement brick of the invention comprises: the length of the grinding pit is more than or equal to 26.9 and less than or equal to 28.0.
Further, the concrete pavement brick of the invention comprises: the water absorption rate is more than or equal to 4.5 percent and less than or equal to 5.4 percent; the freezing resistance/strength loss rate is more than or equal to 3.4 percent and less than or equal to 5.0 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) the concrete pavement brick has the advantages of simple production process route, low preparation cost, easy control of operation and higher production efficiency, does not generate three wastes in the whole process, and can meet the requirement of national ministry of environmental protection on the environmental evaluation examination of industrial production.
(2) The invention utilizes the silicate gel material curing treatment technology, the medicament stabilizing technology and the directional crystallization technology of multidirectional high-frequency vibration pressurization, reasonably uses the waste FCC catalyst as the raw material to produce the concrete pavement brick, not only reduces the environmental pollution, but also reduces the treatment cost of hazardous wastes.
(3) According to Chinese national standard of hazardous waste identification Standard-identification of leached toxicity (GB 5085.3-007), the leaching amount of nickel in the concrete pavement brick is checked, and the result is that: 0.5-2.0 mg/L is far lower than the national standard 5 mg/L.
(4) The compression strength and the flexural strength of the concrete pavement brick are measured according to Chinese national standard concrete pavement brick (GB 28635-2012), and when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the product disclosed by the invention meets the index of a Cc40 product. When the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is more than 5, the product disclosed by the invention meets the Cf4.0 product index.
Detailed Description
The invention mixes the waste FCC catalyst and the curing agent in water. Sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones, and uniformly stirring to form the semi-dry concrete. The conveyor belt conveys the stirred semi-dry concrete into a hopper of the main machine. Distributing materials in a main machine mould, vibrating, pressurizing and molding, then conveying to a curing kiln, and curing by using water vapor to obtain a target product, wherein the preparation steps are as follows:
(1) stirring and mixing the waste FCC catalyst and a curing agent in water, wherein the mass ratio of the curing agent to the waste FCC catalyst is 1:1 to 100.
(2) The curing agent is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, montmorillonite and sepiolite powder, and the mass ratio of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the montmorillonite and the sepiolite powder is 1: 0.1-10.
(3) And sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to form the semi-dry concrete. The mass of the waste catalyst accounts for 2-10% of the mass of the whole concrete pavement brick. The cement strength rating was 42.5. The water-cement ratio of the semi-dry concrete is as follows: 0.25 to 0.45.
(4) The conveyor belt conveys the stirred semi-dry concrete into a hopper of the main machine. The material is distributed in a host machine die and is vibrated and pressed to be molded, and the pressure is as follows: 150-300 KN for 1-5 seconds. The transverse vibration frequency is: 25-50 Hz. The transverse vibration frequency is: 80-130 Hz.
(5) And (3) conveying the demolded product to a curing kiln, and curing by using water vapor, wherein the curing temperature is as follows: 40-55 ℃; the relative humidity of air is 85% -95%; after the curing time is 12-24 hours, a curing agent with high water retention rate (the water retention rate is 97%) is sprayed on the surface of the brick body, the curing temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the curing time is 14-21 days. The target product is obtained.
(6) According to Chinese national standard 'hazardous waste identification Standard-identification of leached toxicity (GB 5085.3-2007)', the leaching amount of the nickel in the concrete pavement brick is checked, and the result is that: 0.5-2.0 mg/L is far lower than the national standard 5 mg/L.
(7) The compression strength and the flexural strength of the concrete pavement brick are measured according to Chinese national standard concrete pavement bricks (GB 28635-2012), when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the average value of the compression strength of 10 blocks is more than or equal to 40.0Mpa, and the minimum value of the compression strength of a single block is more than or equal to 35.0 Mpa; when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is more than 5, the average value of 10 flexural strength is more than or equal to 4.00Mpa, and the minimum value of the single flexural strength is more than or equal to 3.20Mpa, the technical indexes of the compressive strength, the flexural strength, the abrasion resistance, the water absorption, the frost resistance and the skid resistance of the concrete pavement brick of the invention all meet the national standard, and the requirements of the concrete pavement brick with the Cc40 and Cf4.0 grades in the market are met.
Example 1
Stirring and mixing a waste FCC catalyst (China Petroleum gas Co., Ltd., Dalian petrochemical Co., Ltd.) and a curing agent in water, wherein the mass ratio of the curing agent to the waste FCC catalyst is 1: 10. the curing agent is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, montmorillonite and sepiolite powder, and the mass ratio of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the montmorillonite and the sepiolite powder is 1:2: 5. And sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones (in a mass ratio of 1:1:7:1) into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to form the semi-dry concrete. The mass of the waste catalyst accounts for 2 percent of the mass of the whole concrete pavement brick. The cement strength rating was 42.5. The water cement ratio of the semi-dry concrete was 0.25. The conveyor belt conveys the stirred semi-dry concrete into a hopper of the main machine. The material is distributed in a host machine die and is vibrated and pressed to be molded, and the pressure is as follows: 300KN for 3 seconds. The transverse vibration frequency is: and 25 Hz. The longitudinal vibration frequency is: 130 hz. And (3) conveying the demolded product to a curing kiln, and curing by using water vapor, wherein the curing temperature is as follows: 40 ℃; the relative humidity of air is 85%; after the curing time is 24 hours, spraying curing agent with high water retention rate (the water retention rate is 97 percent) on the surface of the brick body, curing at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 21 days, and obtaining the target product.
According to Chinese national standard of hazardous waste identification Standard-identification of leached toxicity (GB 5085.3-2007), the leaching amount of the nickel in the concrete pavement brick is checked, and the result is 0.9 mg/L. The compression strength and the flexural strength of the concrete pavement brick are measured according to Chinese national standard concrete pavement brick (GB 28635-2012), when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the average value of 10 blocks of the concrete pavement brick is 42.6Mpa, and the minimum value of a single block of the concrete pavement brick is 41.3 Mpa; when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is greater than 5, the average value of the 10 blocks of the anti-breaking strength is 5.46Mpa, the minimum value of the single block of the anti-breaking strength is 5.16Mpa, the length of a grinding pit is 28.0mm, the water absorption rate is 4.5%, the freezing resistance/strength loss rate is 4.7%, and the anti-skid BPN is 81. All performance technical indexes meet the national standard, and the requirements of the concrete pavement bricks with Cc40 and Cf4.0 grades in the market are met.
Example 2
Stirring and mixing a waste FCC catalyst (China Petroleum gas Co., Ltd., Dalian petrochemical Co., Ltd.) and a curing agent in water, wherein the mass ratio of the curing agent to the waste FCC catalyst is 1: 2. the curing agent is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, montmorillonite and sepiolite powder, and the mass ratio of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the montmorillonite and the sepiolite powder is 1:0.5: 0.5. And sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones (in a mass ratio of 1:1:7:1) into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to form the semi-dry concrete. The mass of the waste catalyst accounts for 10 percent of the mass of the whole concrete pavement brick. The cement strength rating was 42.5. The water cement ratio of the semi-dry concrete was 0.35. The conveyor belt conveys the stirred semi-dry concrete into a hopper of the main machine. The material is distributed in a host machine die and is vibrated and pressed to be molded, and the pressure is as follows: 300KN for 3 seconds. The transverse vibration frequency is: 50 Hz. The longitudinal vibration frequency is: 100 Hz. And (3) conveying the demolded product to a curing kiln, and curing by using water vapor, wherein the curing temperature is as follows: 55 ℃; the relative humidity of air is 95%; after the curing time is 12 hours, spraying curing agent with high water retention rate (the water retention rate is 97 percent) on the surface of the brick body, curing at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 14 days to obtain the target product.
According to Chinese national standard of hazardous waste identification Standard-identification of leached toxicity (GB 5085.3-2007), the leaching amount of the nickel in the concrete pavement brick is checked, and the result is 1.7 mg/L. The compression strength and the flexural strength of the concrete pavement brick are measured according to Chinese national standard concrete pavement brick (GB 28635-2012), when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the average value of 10 blocks of the concrete pavement brick is 43.0Mpa, and the minimum value of a single block of the concrete pavement brick is 40.0 Mpa; when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is greater than 5, the average value of the 10 blocks of the flexural strength is 5.36Mpa, the minimum value of the single block of the flexural strength is 5.12Mpa, the length of a grinding pit is 27.1mm, the water absorption is 5.4%, the freezing resistance/strength loss rate is 3.4%, and the skid resistance BPN is 85%. All performance technical indexes meet the national standard, and the requirements of the concrete pavement bricks with Cc40 and Cf4.0 grades in the market are met.
Example 3
Stirring and mixing a waste FCC catalyst (China Petroleum gas Co., Ltd., Dalian petrochemical Co., Ltd.) and a curing agent in water, wherein the mass ratio of the curing agent to the waste FCC catalyst is 1: 20. the curing agent is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, montmorillonite and sepiolite powder, and the mass ratio of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the montmorillonite and the sepiolite powder is 1:2: 5. And sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones (in a mass ratio of 1:1:7:1) into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to form the semi-dry concrete. The mass of the waste catalyst accounts for 5 percent of the mass of the whole concrete pavement brick. The cement strength rating was 42.5. The water cement ratio of the semi-dry concrete was 0.25. The conveyor belt conveys the stirred semi-dry concrete into a hopper of the main machine. The material is distributed in a host machine die and is vibrated and pressed to be molded, and the pressure is as follows: 300KN for 3 seconds. The transverse vibration frequency is: 50 Hz. The longitudinal vibration frequency is: 130 hz. And (3) conveying the demolded product to a curing kiln, and curing by using water vapor, wherein the curing temperature is as follows: 40 ℃; the relative humidity of air is 95%; after the curing time is 12 hours, spraying curing agent with high water retention rate (the water retention rate is 97 percent) on the surface of the brick body, curing at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 21 days, and obtaining the target product.
According to Chinese national standard of hazardous waste identification Standard-identification of leached toxicity (GB 5085.3-2007), the leaching amount of the nickel in the concrete pavement brick is checked, and the result is 1.3 mg/L. The compression strength and the flexural strength of the concrete pavement brick are measured according to Chinese national standard concrete pavement brick (GB 28635-2012), when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the average value of 10 blocks of the concrete pavement brick is 42.3Mpa, and the minimum value of a single block of the concrete pavement brick is 41.0 Mpa; when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is greater than 5, the average value of the 10 blocks of the anti-breaking strength is 5.50Mpa, the minimum value of the single block of the anti-breaking strength is 5.21Mpa, the length of a grinding pit is 27.5mm, the water absorption rate is 5.2%, the freezing resistance/strength loss rate is 5.0%, and the anti-skid BPN is 82. All performance technical indexes meet the national standard, and the requirements of the concrete pavement bricks with Cc40 and Cf4.0 grades in the market are met.
Example 4
Stirring and mixing a waste FCC catalyst (China Petroleum gas Co., Ltd., Dalian petrochemical Co., Ltd.) and a curing agent in water, wherein the mass ratio of the curing agent to the waste FCC catalyst is 1: 50. the curing agent is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, montmorillonite and sepiolite powder, and the mass ratio of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the montmorillonite and the sepiolite powder is 1:5: 5. And sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones (in a mass ratio of 1:1:7:1) into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to form the semi-dry concrete. The mass of the waste catalyst accounts for 2 percent of the mass of the whole concrete pavement brick. The cement strength rating was 42.5. The water cement ratio of the semi-dry concrete was 0.35. The conveyor belt conveys the stirred semi-dry concrete into a hopper of the main machine. The material is distributed in a host machine die and is vibrated and pressed to be molded, and the pressure is as follows: 200KN for 2 seconds. The transverse vibration frequency is: and 25 Hz. The longitudinal vibration frequency is: 130 hz. And (3) conveying the demolded product to a curing kiln, and curing by using water vapor, wherein the curing temperature is as follows: 40 ℃; the relative humidity of the air is 90%; after the curing time is 24 hours, spraying curing agent with high water retention rate (the water retention rate is 97 percent) on the surface of the brick body, curing at 25 ℃ for 21 days to obtain the target product.
According to Chinese national standard of hazardous waste identification Standard-identification of leached toxicity (GB 5085.3-2007), the leaching amount of the nickel in the concrete pavement brick is checked, and the result is 1.2 mg/L. The compression strength and the flexural strength of the concrete pavement brick are measured according to Chinese national standard concrete pavement brick (GB 28635-2012), when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the average value of 10 blocks of the concrete pavement brick is 42.9Mpa, and the minimum value of a single block of the concrete pavement brick is 39.8 Mpa; when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is greater than 5, the average value of the 10 blocks of the flexural strength is 5.31Mpa, the minimum value of the single block of the flexural strength is 4.99Mpa, the length of a grinding pit is 26.9mm, the water absorption is 4.9%, the freezing resistance/strength loss rate is 3.9%, and the skid resistance BPN is 80. All performance technical indexes meet the national standard, and the requirements of the concrete pavement bricks with Cc40 and Cf4.0 grades in the market are met.
Example 5
Stirring and mixing a waste FCC catalyst (China Petroleum gas Co., Ltd., Dalian petrochemical Co., Ltd.) and a curing agent in water, wherein the mass ratio of the curing agent to the waste FCC catalyst is 1: 10. the curing agent is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, montmorillonite and sepiolite powder, and the mass ratio of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the montmorillonite and the sepiolite powder is 1:5: 10. And sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones (in a mass ratio of 1:1:7:1) into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to form the semi-dry concrete. The mass of the waste catalyst accounts for 3 percent of the mass of the whole concrete pavement brick. The cement strength rating was 42.5. The water cement ratio of the semi-dry concrete was 0.25. The conveyor belt conveys the stirred semi-dry concrete into a hopper of the main machine. The material is distributed in a host machine die and is vibrated and pressed to be molded, and the pressure is as follows: 300KN for 3 seconds. The transverse vibration frequency is: and 25 Hz. The longitudinal vibration frequency is: 130 hz. And (3) conveying the demolded product to a curing kiln, and curing by using water vapor, wherein the curing temperature is as follows: 45 ℃; the relative humidity of the air is 90%; after the curing time is 24 hours, spraying curing agent with high water retention rate (the water retention rate is 97 percent) on the surface of the brick body, curing at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 21 days, and obtaining the target product.
According to Chinese national standard of hazardous waste identification Standard-identification of leached toxicity (GB 5085.3-2007), the leaching amount of the nickel in the concrete pavement brick is checked, and the result is 1.1 mg/L. The compression strength and the flexural strength of the concrete pavement brick are measured according to Chinese national standard concrete pavement brick (GB 28635-2012), when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the average value of 10 blocks of the concrete pavement brick is 43.1Mpa, and the minimum value of the single block of the concrete pavement brick is 39.9 Mpa; when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is greater than 5, the average value of the 10 blocks of the flexural strength is 5.55Mpa, the minimum value of the single block of the flexural strength is 5.15Mpa, the length of a grinding pit is 27.6mm, the water absorption is 5.1%, the freezing resistance/strength loss rate is 4.8%, and the skid resistance BPN is 84. All performance technical indexes meet the national standard, and the requirements of the concrete pavement bricks with Cc40 and Cf4.0 grades in the market are met.
The main technical indexes of the embodiment of the invention are determined according to Chinese national standard concrete pavior bricks (GB 28635-2012), such as compression resistance, breaking strength, grinding pit length, water absorption, frost resistance, skid resistance and the like.
Performance index of product in one embodiment of attached Table
The concrete pavement brick has the technical indexes of compressive strength, breaking strength, abrasion resistance, water absorption, frost resistance and skid resistance which all meet the national standard, and meets the requirements of the concrete pavement brick with the Cc40 and Cf4.0 grades in the market.
Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing concrete pavement bricks by using waste FCC catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) stirring and mixing the waste FCC catalyst and a curing agent in water, sequentially adding cement, sand, ore powder and stones, and uniformly stirring to form semi-dry concrete;
(2) and (2) conveying the product obtained in the step (1) into a host hopper, distributing in a host die, vibrating, pressurizing, forming and demolding, and conveying to a curing kiln for steam curing and curing by a curing agent to obtain the target product.
2. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the curing agent is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, montmorillonite and sepiolite powder, and the mass ratio of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the montmorillonite and the sepiolite powder is 1: 0.1-10.
3. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the strength grade of the cement is 42.5 grade; the water-cement ratio of the semi-dry concrete is as follows: 1: 0.25 to 0.45.
4. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step (1), the mass ratio of the curing agent to the waste FCC catalyst is 1: 1-100; the mass of the waste FCC catalyst accounts for 2-10% of the mass of the whole concrete pavement brick.
5. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the step (2), the pressure in the process of distributing materials in the host machine die and performing vibration and pressure molding is as follows: 150-300 KN for 1-5 seconds; the transverse vibration frequency is: 25-50 Hz; the longitudinal vibration frequency is: 80-130 Hz.
6. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the step (2), the steam curing temperature is as follows: 40-55 ℃; the relative humidity of air is 85% -95%; the curing time is 12-24 hours; the curing agent is sprayed on the surface of the brick body, and the water retention rate of the curing agent is 97 percent; the curing temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the curing time is 14-21 days.
7. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the leaching amount of the concrete pavement brick nickel is as follows: 0.5-2.0 mg/L.
8. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as claimed in claim 7, wherein: when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is less than 5, the concrete pavement brick: the average value of the compressive strength of 10 blocks with the pressure of 40.0MPa is less than or equal to 43.1MPa, and the compressive strength of a single block with the pressure of 35.0MPa is less than or equal to 41.3 MPa; when the side length/thickness of the pavement brick is more than 5, the average value of the flexural strength of 10 blocks is more than or equal to 4.00Mpa, and the flexural strength of a single block is more than or equal to 3.20 Mpa.
9. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the concrete pavement brick comprises the following components: the length of the grinding pit is more than or equal to 26.9 and less than or equal to 28.0.
10. The method for producing concrete pavior bricks using spent FCC catalyst as in claim 9, wherein: the concrete pavement brick comprises the following components: the water absorption rate is more than or equal to 4.5 percent and less than or equal to 5.4 percent; the freezing resistance/strength loss rate is more than or equal to 3.4 percent and less than or equal to 5.0 percent.
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