CN113185084A - Biochemical sludge treatment method - Google Patents

Biochemical sludge treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113185084A
CN113185084A CN202110453357.5A CN202110453357A CN113185084A CN 113185084 A CN113185084 A CN 113185084A CN 202110453357 A CN202110453357 A CN 202110453357A CN 113185084 A CN113185084 A CN 113185084A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sludge
pyrolysis
treatment method
combustion
spray drying
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Pending
Application number
CN202110453357.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李新平
但立志
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Hunan Hyso Environment Biotechnology Co ltd
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Hunan Hyso Environment Biotechnology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110453357.5A priority Critical patent/CN113185084A/en
Publication of CN113185084A publication Critical patent/CN113185084A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/10Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/40Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing

Abstract

The invention discloses a biochemical sludge treatment method, which comprises the following steps: s1: sludge drying, namely introducing the water-containing sludge in the sludge storage tank into a spray drying tower to dry the water-containing sludge into sludge solid particles a; s2, mixing the sludge solid particles a with the biomass fuel to obtain a sludge-biomass fuel mixture b; s3, feeding the mixture b into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis products, wherein the pyrolysis products comprise solid pyrolysis products c and gaseous pyrolysis products d; s4, discharging the solid pyrolysis product c into a discharge bin, and burning the gaseous pyrolysis product d as fuel of a pyrolysis furnace; when the gaseous pyrolysis product d is insufficient as a pyrolysis heat source, natural gas is added. And S5, introducing tail gas e generated by combustion of the pyrolysis furnace into a secondary combustion chamber for combustion to generate combustion flue gas f, and introducing the combustion flue gas f into a spray drying tower to serve as a heat source. Can save energy, efficiently and quickly finish the treatment of the sludge and reduce the generation of toxic substances.

Description

Biochemical sludge treatment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental management, in particular to a biochemical sludge treatment method.
Background
The sludge refers to sewage sludge generated in the sewage treatment process, and the sludge has the characteristics of high water content and large volume. A large amount of land resources are occupied in the subsequent treatment process, and leakage is easy to occur in the transfer process to pollute the surrounding environment. The sludge contains a large amount of organic substances, and generates polluted gases such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and the like in an anaerobic environment. If harmful substances such as heavy metals, pathogens and the like in the sludge are placed randomly without being treated, the harmful substances can be leaked into the water body, and the water body pollution is caused again.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a biochemical sludge treatment method which can be used for energy-saving, efficient and quick treatment of sludge and reducing the generation of toxic substances.
The technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention is as follows: a biochemical sludge treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1: drying the sludge, namely introducing the water-containing sludge in the sludge storage tank into a spray drying tower to dry the water-containing sludge into sludge solid particles a
S2, mixing the sludge solid particles a with the biomass fuel to obtain a sludge-biomass fuel mixture b;
s3, feeding the mixture b into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis products, wherein the pyrolysis products comprise solid pyrolysis products c and gaseous pyrolysis products d;
s4, discharging the solid pyrolysis product c into a discharge bin, and burning the gaseous pyrolysis product d as fuel of a pyrolysis furnace; when the gaseous pyrolysis product d is insufficient as a pyrolysis heat source, natural gas is added.
And S5, introducing combustion tail gas e generated by combustion of the pyrolysis furnace into a secondary combustion chamber for combustion to generate combustion flue gas f, and introducing the combustion flue gas f into a spray drying tower to serve as a heat source.
The biochemical sludge treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the water-containing sludge is dried and converted into the sludge solid particles a by the spray drying tower, the drying speed is high, the heat energy utilization efficiency is high, and the airtight drying tower is operated under negative pressure, so that waste gas diffusion can be effectively avoided, and the operating environment is improved.
2. The biological organic matter fuel is mixed with the sludge solid particles a to replace coal and natural gas to be used as fuel, in the subsequent steps, the heat value of the pyrolyzed gas is improved, meanwhile, the surface area of the pyrolyzed solid can be increased, and the pyrolysis of the sludge is facilitated.
3. Organic matters in the sludge are subjected to anaerobic decomposition, reduction reaction and the like in a pyrolysis furnace, sulfur, heavy metals and the like are mostly fixed in a solid pyrolysis product c, toxic heavy metal hexavalent chromium can be converted into non-toxic trivalent chromium, and the generation of dioxin and oxynitride is effectively controlled.
4. The gaseous pyrolysis product d contains a large amount of combustible gas, and flows back into the pyrolysis furnace to be used as a heat source of the pyrolysis furnace, and natural gas is used as a supplementary heat source when the pyrolysis product d can not meet the pyrolysis temperature or is used in the initial starting stage, so that the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.
5. And introducing tail gas e generated after the combustion of the gaseous pyrolysis product d into a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, fully combusting toxic and harmful gases which are not fully combusted in the tail gas e, and introducing combustion flue gas f generated by combustion into a spray drying tower to serve as a heat source, so that the aim of saving energy is fulfilled.
6. The solid pyrolysis product c can be used as a carbon-based material waste for utilization, can be used for mixing nutrient soil, can also be used as an additive of cement and clay bricks, and the like, improves the economic benefit of sludge treatment, and reduces the comprehensive treatment cost.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the spray drying tower comprises a tower body, wherein a hot air inlet is formed in the upper part of the tower body, the combustion flue gas f is introduced from the hot air inlet, a discharge hole is formed in the lower part of the tower body, a sludge feeding pipe is arranged on the upper part of the tower body, a sludge atomizer is arranged at the discharge pipe opening of the sludge feeding pipe, the sludge and the hot air flow downwards in parallel, and the sludge is dehydrated and dried, namely, spray-dried in parallel.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the step S5 further includes an off-gas treatment step S51, where the smoke dust in the spray drying tower is introduced into an off-gas purification system for treatment.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in the step S4, the combustion flue gas after combustion in the pyrolysis combustion chamber flows back to the pyrolysis chamber to perform high-temperature pyrolysis on the sludge.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the smoke dust purification system comprises a dust remover, a desulfurization device, a de-whitening device and an exhaust device which are arranged in sequence, and the smoke dust generated in the spray drying tower passes through the dust remover, the desulfurization device and the de-whitening device in sequence and then is exhausted through an exhaust chimney.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flue gas purification system further comprises an ozone generator, wherein the ozone generator injects ozone into the tail gas to perform the oxidation reaction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the desulfurization apparatus is a secondary desulfurization tower.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S5, combustible gas and fresh air are supplemented into the second combustion chamber.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S4, natural gas is supplemented when the gaseous pyrolysis product d is insufficient as pyrolysis fuel.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in the step S2, the biomass fuel is straw, and the straw is crushed by a crusher and mixed with the sludge solid particles a in a mixer.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a biochemical sludge treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of sludge drying and dewatering in a spray drying tower.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a sludge storage tank 100, a spray drying tower 200, a tower body 210, a hot air inlet 211, a discharge hole 212, a pyrolysis furnace 300, a secondary combustion chamber 400, a sludge feeding pipe 500, a sludge atomizer 510, a dust remover 610, a desulfurizing tower 620, a whitening device 630 and an exhaust device 640.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the biochemical sludge treatment method includes the following steps:
s1: sludge drying, namely introducing the water-containing sludge in the sludge storage tank 100 into a spray drying tower 200, and drying the water-containing sludge into sludge solid particles a;
s2, mixing the sludge solid particles a with the biomass fuel to obtain a sludge-biomass fuel mixture b;
s3, feeding the mixture b into a pyrolysis furnace 300 for pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis products, wherein the pyrolysis products comprise solid pyrolysis products c and gaseous pyrolysis products d;
s4, discharging the solid pyrolysis product c into a discharge bin, and burning the gaseous pyrolysis product d as fuel of the pyrolysis furnace 300;
s5, in the step S4, tail gas e generated by combustion of the pyrolysis furnace 300 enters a secondary combustion chamber 400 for combustion to generate combustion flue gas f, and the combustion flue gas f is introduced into the spray drying tower 200 to serve as a heat source.
The sludge in the sludge storage tank 100 is lifted and sent to the spray drying tower 200 for spray drying, and is converted into sludge solid particles a. The sludge is fast in drying speed and high in strength in the spray drying tower 200, and is treated in the closed spray drying tower 200, so that the produced harmful gas can be treated.
And then, mixing the biological organic matter fuel with the sludge solid particles a, wherein the biological organic matter fuel replaces coal and natural gas to be used as fuel, and in the subsequent step, after the thermal value of the pyrolysis gas is improved and mixed, the surface area of the pyrolysis solid can be increased, thereby being beneficial to the pyrolysis of the sludge.
Pyrolysis process and related products:
in the heating decomposition process of the organic solid waste in an oxygen-free and oxygen-deficient environment, macromolecular bonds are broken, isomerized and micromolecular polymerized.
Organic solid waste → gas H2/CH4/CO/CO2+ liquid organic acids, aromatics, tars + solids (soot, ash);
cellulose molecule cracking:
3C6H10O5→8H2O+C6H8o (combustible oil) +2CO2+CH4+H2+7C
Inorganic substances are thermally decomposed, such as:
FeOH3→Fe3O4+HO2
CaCO3→CaO+CO2
etc.
From the above reaction, it can be seen that most of sulfur, heavy metals, etc. are fixed in the solid pyrolysis product c in the oxygen deficient environment when the mixture b passes through the pyrolysis furnace 300. And because of the reduction reaction, toxic hexavalent chromium in heavy metal can be converted into nontoxic trivalent chromium in an oxygen-free reduction environment, and the generation of toxic substances can be effectively avoided.
Compared with direct combustion of sludge, the method can effectively control the generation of dioxin and nitrogen oxides. And the generated gas is used as fuel to be combusted, so that the treatment difficulty of the pyrolysis gas is greatly reduced.
And the solid-state pyrolysis product c generated in the pyrolysis process can be used as a waste carbon-based material, a nutrient soil mixed material, an additive of cement and clay bricks and the like, so that the economic benefit of sludge treatment is improved, and the comprehensive treatment cost is reduced.
The gaseous pyrolysis product d generated in the pyrolysis process contains a large amount of combustible gas and flows into the pyrolysis furnace again to serve as a heat source of the pyrolysis furnace 300, so that the use amount of fuel gas such as natural gas in the pyrolysis furnace 300 can be reduced, and the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.
And (3) the tail gas e generated after the combustion of the gaseous pyrolysis product d inevitably contains organic gas which is not fully combusted, and the tail gas e is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 400 for combustion, so that the toxic and harmful gas which is not fully combusted is further removed.
The tail gas e is combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 400 to generate combustion flue gas f, and the combustion flue gas f contains a large amount of heat and can be used as hot air to be introduced into the spray drying tower 200 to be used as a heat source, so that the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the spray drying tower 200 includes a tower body 210, a hot air inlet 211 is provided at an upper portion of the tower body 210, the combustion flue gas f is introduced through the hot air inlet 211, a discharge port 212 is provided at a lower portion of the tower body 210, a sludge feed pipe 500 is provided at an upper portion of the tower body 210, a discharge pipe opening of the sludge feed pipe 500 is provided with a sludge atomizer 510, and the sludge and the hot air flow downward and in parallel to each other to dehydrate, i.e., in parallel flow spray drying, the sludge.
In this embodiment, sludge and hot air enter from the top of the tower 210, the sludge is changed into small particles by the sludge atomizer 510, the sludge absorbs heat of high-temperature air in the falling process, moisture is rapidly evaporated, the temperature of the hot air is rapidly reduced, the drying speed is high, and the temperature of the finally obtained product is low.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S5, a smoke processing step S51 is further included, the exhaust gas in the spray drying tower 200 is introduced into an exhaust gas purification system for processing, and the generated toxic and harmful gas is introduced into the exhaust gas purification system for processing, so as to reduce the emission of the toxic and harmful gas.
The smoke purification system comprises a dust remover 610, a desulfurization device, a whitening device 630 and an exhaust device 640 which are sequentially arranged, and smoke generated in the spray drying tower 200 sequentially passes through the dust remover 610, the desulfurization device and the whitening device 630 and then is discharged through the exhaust device 640. The flue gas is discharged after being sequentially dedusted by the deduster 610, desulfurized by the desulfurization equipment and demisted by the de-whitening equipment 630. The induced draft fan that the smoke and dust clean system set up helps the smoke and dust to flow along the passageway.
The smoke dust purification system also comprises an ozone generator, and the ozone generator introduces ozone into the smoke dust to carry out oxidation reaction. The smoke dust contains some compounds which are not fully oxidized, such as CO, oxynitride and odor, and the smoke dust is oxidized into harmless gas by filling ozone, so that the effects of eliminating the harmful gas and deodorizing are achieved.
The desulfurization equipment is a secondary desulfurization tower 620. And under the full-load operation, waste liquid generated after the desulfurization tower is connected for washing and deacidification is discharged into a sewage treatment plant or directly discharged.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the biomass fuel is straw, and the straw is pulverized by a pulverizer and mixed with the sludge solid particles a in a mixer. The straw has the characteristics of large quantity and easy obtaining, the recovery of the straw is also helpful for promoting the straw to be forbidden to burn in rural areas, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by direct burning of the straw is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, when the gaseous pyrolysis product d is insufficient as the pyrolysis fuel, natural gas is supplemented.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The biochemical sludge treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: sludge drying, namely introducing the water-containing sludge in the sludge storage tank into a spray drying tower to dry the water-containing sludge into sludge solid particles a;
s2, mixing the sludge solid particles a with the biomass fuel to obtain a sludge-biomass fuel mixture b;
s3, feeding the mixture b into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis products, wherein the pyrolysis products comprise solid pyrolysis products c and gaseous pyrolysis products d;
s4, discharging the solid pyrolysis product c into a discharge bin, and burning the gaseous pyrolysis product d as fuel of a pyrolysis furnace;
and S5, introducing tail gas e generated by combustion of the pyrolysis furnace into a secondary combustion chamber for combustion to generate combustion flue gas f, and introducing the combustion flue gas f into a spray drying tower to serve as a heat source.
2. The biochemical sludge treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spray drying tower comprises a tower body, the upper portion of the tower body is provided with a hot air inlet, the combustion flue gas f is introduced from the hot air inlet, the lower portion of the tower body is provided with a discharge port, the upper portion of the tower body is provided with a sludge inlet pipe, the discharge pipe opening of the sludge inlet pipe is provided with a sludge atomizer, and sludge and hot air flow downwards to perform dehydration and drying on sludge.
3. The biochemical sludge treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S5, the method further comprises a smoke processing step S51, wherein the smoke in the spray drying tower is introduced into a tail gas purification system for processing.
4. The biochemical sludge treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the smoke and dust clean system is including the dust remover, sweetener, the equipment of whitening and exhaust apparatus that set gradually, the smoke and dust that produces in the spray drying tower discharges through exhaust apparatus behind dust remover, sweetener, the equipment of whitening in proper order.
5. The biochemical sludge treatment method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the smoke dust purification system also comprises an ozone generator, and the ozone generator is used for introducing ozone into the tail gas to perform oxidation reaction.
6. The biochemical sludge treatment method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the desulfurization equipment is a secondary desulfurization tower.
7. The biochemical sludge treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the biomass fuel is straw, and the straw is crushed by a crusher and mixed with the sludge solid particles a in a mixer.
8. The biochemical sludge treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, when the gaseous pyrolysis product d is insufficient as the pyrolysis fuel, natural gas is supplemented.
CN202110453357.5A 2021-04-26 2021-04-26 Biochemical sludge treatment method Pending CN113185084A (en)

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CN202110453357.5A CN113185084A (en) 2021-04-26 2021-04-26 Biochemical sludge treatment method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110453357.5A CN113185084A (en) 2021-04-26 2021-04-26 Biochemical sludge treatment method

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104211274A (en) * 2014-09-28 2014-12-17 天津清华德人环境工程有限公司 Sludge reduction and recycling treatment device and sludge treatment method
CN110408414A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-05 王凯军 A kind of organic solid waste of High water cut is sprayed desiccation-pyrolysis integrating device and method
CN111960632A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-11-20 深圳市深港产学研环保工程技术股份有限公司 Sludge deep dehydration coupling biomass pyrolysis system and method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104211274A (en) * 2014-09-28 2014-12-17 天津清华德人环境工程有限公司 Sludge reduction and recycling treatment device and sludge treatment method
CN110408414A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-05 王凯军 A kind of organic solid waste of High water cut is sprayed desiccation-pyrolysis integrating device and method
CN111960632A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-11-20 深圳市深港产学研环保工程技术股份有限公司 Sludge deep dehydration coupling biomass pyrolysis system and method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
中华人民共和国环境保护法律法规解读委员会编: "《中华人民共和国环境保护法律法规解读事故防范•典型案例 2016年最新版》", 29 February 2016, 中国言实出版社 *

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Application publication date: 20210730