CN113184164A

CN113184164A - Folding wing type airplane

Info

Publication number: CN113184164A
Application number: CN202110428868.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 原志翔; 吴东; 谭卫娟; 亓同晗; 贾海文
Original assignee: Xian Aeronautical Polytechnic Institute
Current assignee: Xian Aeronautical Polytechnic Institute
Priority date: 2021-04-15
Filing date: 2021-04-15
Publication date: 2021-07-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a folding wing type airplane, which is suitable for various passenger transport or freight transport civil airplanes and mainly comprises an airplane body, a wing root and an outer wing. After the airplane lands on the ground, a switch button is pressed in a cockpit, a control computer in the airplane body sends a command, and a small motor is firstly switched on to drive the outer wing to extend out and enter an extending posture; the big motor is later switched on, the outer wing rotates clockwise to be parallel with the fuselage, the inside control computer of fuselage sends big motor outage command, and the outer wing no longer rotates, and the small motor reversal of simultaneous control drives the outer wing and withdraws, and the small motor outage afterwards, and the aircraft gets into and parks the gesture. Before the airplane takes off, the change state of the wings is opposite when the switch button is pressed out. The wings are unfolded before the airplane takes off, the flying efficiency is not influenced, the wings are folded when the airplane is parked, the occupied area is reduced, and the airport capacity is effectively improved.

Description

Folding wing type airplane

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of airplane design, in particular to a folding wing type airplane which is suitable for various passenger transport or freight transport civil airplanes.

Background

Today, the aviation industry is developing vigorously, the basic capacity of many airports is saturated, and the capacity of the existing airports needs to be improved by planning facilities in the airports and allocating air stations so as to meet the demand. However, some airports have difficulty expanding airport capacity from the aspect of airport planning due to the limitation of peripheral buildings or airport design, and only new airports, such as Beijing new Xingjie international new airport, can be created after the airport is moved to the site. However, for some cities with tight land use, such as hong kong and australia, a larger area of land is made available for new airport construction, and the labor, material and time consumed by the method are more difficult than the capacity of the airport is increased by planning. Therefore, in addition to the way of planning an airport and constructing a new airport, the airport needs to be searched for a solution to the problem of insufficient airport capacity.

Long span wings are needed for commercial aircraft that are aerodynamically more efficient and can reduce fuel consumption and thus operating costs relative to aircraft with shorter spans. However, conventional fixed wing civil aircraft have a long wing span and high efficiency in air flight, and occupy a large area when parked in an airport. If the airplane is available, the wings are unfolded during taking off, and the wings are folded when being parked in the airport, so that the parking floor area is reduced under the condition of not influencing the flying efficiency, and the capacity of the airport can be effectively improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a folding wing type airplane, wherein the airplane expands wings during taking off, the flying efficiency is not influenced, and the folding wings of the airplane during parking can reduce the floor area and improve the airport capacity. The method is realized by the following technical scheme:

a folding wing type airplane mainly comprises an airplane body, a wing root and an outer wing;

the wing root part comprises an inner gear ring, a gear, a large motor, a small chain wheel, a large chain wheel, a first chain, a second chain, a support shaft, a ring lug, a rotating column, a rotating ring, a third chain, a fourth chain, a rotating plate, a wiring harness A and a wiring harness B;

the wing root is fixedly connected with an inner gear ring inside, the inner gear ring is meshed with a gear, the gear is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of a large motor, the large motor is vertically placed, the lower part of the large motor is fixed on a rotating plate, and the rotating plate is fixedly connected with a rotating ring at one end where the motor is not fixed;

the rotating ring is sleeved on the rotating column of the wing root and is coaxial with the rotating column, the moving freedom degree of the rotating ring in the up-and-down direction is limited, and only the rotating freedom degree of the rotating ring is reserved;

the rotating ring is fixedly connected with the ring ears to drive the ring ears to rotate together;

the small motor is horizontally arranged and is also fixed on the rotating plate, a small chain wheel is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the small motor, and the small chain wheel is connected with a large chain wheel through a first chain; the large chain wheel can drive other three large chain wheels to realize common rotary motion through a second chain, a third chain and a fourth chain, and the large chain wheels are fixedly connected with one end of the supporting shaft;

all the support shafts penetrate through the through holes of the ring lugs, the bosses of the support shafts are clamped by the two ring lugs, the moving freedom degree of the support shafts along the axis direction is limited, and only one rotating freedom degree is reserved;

the outer wing part comprises a stop block, a spiral head and a spiral hole, the other end of the supporting shaft is fixedly connected with the spiral head, the spiral head is a cylinder, and threads are distributed on the spiral head; the spiral head is embedded in the spiral hole of the outer wing and is meshed with the thread in the spiral hole.

When the wings of the airplane are folded, the small motor is firstly switched on, the small chain wheel of the small motor rotates, and the outer wings are driven to move outwards through the first chain, the large chain wheel, the second chain, the third chain, the fourth chain, the supporting shaft and the spiral head; the large motor is electrified, the motor drives the gear to rotate anticlockwise when viewed from top to bottom, the gear is meshed with the inner gear ring, the large motor drives the rotating ring to rotate clockwise through the rotating plate under the reaction of the inner gear ring, the rotating ring further drives the connected support shaft, the spiral head and the outer wing to rotate clockwise around the rotating column, the outer wing rotates to be parallel to the machine body, and the control computer in the machine body sends a command to control the large motor to be powered off and not to rotate any more; meanwhile, the small motor is controlled to rotate reversely to drive the outer wing to retract, and the wing enters a folded state.

When the wings of the airplane are opened, the small motor is firstly switched on, the small motor drives the small chain wheel to rotate, and the outer wings are driven to move backwards through the first chain, the large chain wheel, the second chain, the third chain, the fourth chain, the supporting shaft and the spiral head;

the large motor is electrified later, the motor drives the gear to rotate clockwise after being electrified when viewed from top to bottom, under the reaction of the inner gear ring, the large motor drives the rotating ring support shaft, the spiral head and the outer wing to rotate clockwise around the rotating column through the rotating plate, the outer wing rotates to be aligned with the wing root, the large motor is powered off, and the outer wing does not rotate any more; meanwhile, the small motor rotates reversely to drive the outer wing to retract until the outer wing is contacted with the wing root, the outer wing is structurally locked by the wing root, and the airplane wing retracts and expands;

in some embodiments, the large motor is connected with a control computer and a power supply inside the machine body through a wiring harness A.

In some embodiments, the small motor is connected with a control computer and a power supply inside the machine body through a wiring harness B.

In some embodiments, the screw opening of the outer wing is provided with a stop block to prevent the screw head from being screwed out of the screw hole, so as to avoid accidental falling damage of the outer wing.

In some embodiments, the ring ears are arranged in pairs, symmetrically distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotating ring and fixedly connected with the rotating ring, and the minimum number is 4 pairs.

In some embodiments, the large sprocket, the support shaft, and the helical head are coaxial.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the invention starts from the aspect of airplanes, reduces the occupied area of wings when parking, effectively improves the accommodation capacity of airports, and avoids the difficulty brought by building new airports or expanding old airports.

2. The invention improves the airplane to reduce the occupied area of the airplane stand and improve the accommodation capacity of the airport without reducing the flight performance and the flight efficiency of the airplane.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is appreciated that the following drawings depict only certain embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. For a person skilled in the art, it is possible to derive other relevant figures from these figures without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a deployed attitude of an airfoil according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a top view of the root and outer wing attachment of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the aft wing root to the outer wing in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the internal construction of a wing root according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an internal connection arrangement of a wing root and an outer wing of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the large sprocket, the support shaft and the helical head in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a spiral hole of an outer wing in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an extended wing attitude according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a wing parking attitude according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-winged root; 2-outer wing; 3-a fuselage; 4-rotating the plate; 5-a small chain wheel; 6-inner gear ring; 7-a gear; 8-large motor; 9-a small motor; 10-large sprocket; 11-a first chain; 12-a second chain; 13-supporting the shaft; 14-a loop ear; 15-a stop block; 16-a screw head; 17-a helical hole; 18-spin columns; 19-a rotating ring; 20-a third chain; 21-a fourth chain; 22-harness a; 23-line bundle B.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships that are "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "center", "both sides" shown based on the shape of the aircraft, which are orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in detail below with the aid of 7 figures.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an aircraft wing according to an embodiment of the present invention in an unfolded position, and it can be seen that a folding wing aircraft includes an outer wing 1, a wing root 2, and a fuselage 3; for the wing part, a traditional airplane large wing is divided into a wing root 2 and an outer wing 1, a control computer and a power supply are arranged in a fuselage 3 to control the movement of the wing, and the connection between the wing root 2 and the fuselage 3 is the same as the connection between the traditional fixed wing and the fuselage 3 and is not changed; the outer wing 1 and the wing root 2 are internally supported, driven and connected by means of devices.

Fig. 2 is a top view illustrating the connection between the wing root 2 and the outer wing 1 in the span direction, and it can be seen from the figure that the rotating ring 19 is sleeved on the rotating post 18 of the wing root 2, is coaxial with the rotating post 18, limits the freedom of movement of the rotating ring 19, and only keeps the freedom of rotation of the rotating ring 19; the ring lugs 14 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating ring 19, are symmetrically distributed about the rotating ring 19 and are arranged in pairs; the supporting shaft 13 passes through the through holes of the ring lugs 14, the lug bosses of the supporting shaft 13 are clamped through the two ring lugs 14, the movement of the supporting shaft 13 along the axial direction is limited, and only one rotational degree of freedom is reserved; the other end of the supporting shaft 13 is fixedly connected with a spiral head 16, the spiral head 16 is a cylinder, and threads are distributed on the surface of the spiral head; the spiral head 16 is embedded in the spiral hole 17 of the outer wing 1 and is meshed with the thread in the spiral hole 17, and the spiral head 16 rotates by itself to enable the outer wing 1 to move along the axial direction of the spiral head 16 and drive the outer wing to extend or retract; the outer opening of the spiral hole 17 of the outer wing 1 is provided with a stop block 15 to prevent the spiral head from screwing out of the spiral hole 17, so as to avoid the falling and damage of the outer wing 1.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the connection between the wing root 2 and the outer wing 1 in the vertical direction, and the rotary ring 19 has lugs 14 on the upper and lower surfaces thereof; the supporting shaft 13 and the spiral head 16 at the lower part and the corresponding spiral hole 17 and the stop block 15 of the outer wing 1 are also the same as those at the upper part.

Fig. 4 illustrates the structure inside the wing root 2, and inside the wing root 2, the inner gear ring 6 is fixedly connected with the wing root 2; near the outer boundary of the wing root 2, there is a swivel 18 for supporting and positioning the rotation of the swivel ring 19.

Fig. 5 illustrates a device for transmission support between the wing root 2 and the outer wing 1, which is composed of a rotating plate 4, a small chain wheel 5, a gear 7, a large motor 8, a small motor 9, a large chain wheel 10, a first chain 11, a second chain 12, a support shaft 13, a ring lug 14, a screw head 16, a screw hole 17, a rotating ring 19, a third chain 20, a fourth chain 21, a wire harness a 22 and a wire harness B23; in the wing root 2, a gear 7 is meshed with an inner gear ring 6 of the wing root 2, the center of the gear 7 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of a large motor 8, the large motor 8 is vertically arranged, the lower part of the large motor is fixed on a rotating plate 4, the rotating plate 4 is fixedly connected with a rotating ring 19 at the other end of the motor which is not fixed, and the rotating ring 19 is fixedly connected with a ring lug 14; the small motor 9 is horizontally arranged and is also fixed on the rotating plate 4, a small chain wheel 5 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the small motor 9, and the small chain wheel 5 is linked with a large chain wheel 10 through a first chain 11; the large chain wheel 10 is fixedly connected with a support shaft 13, and other three large chain wheels are driven to rotate by a second chain 12, a third chain 20 and a fourth chain 21; all the support shafts 13 penetrate through the through holes of the ring lugs 14, the other ends of the support shafts 13 are fixedly connected with spiral heads 16, the spiral heads 16 are cylinders, threads are distributed on the spiral heads 16, and the small motor 9 drives the spiral heads 16 to rotate through the small chain wheel 5, the large chain wheel 10 and the support shafts 13; the large motor 8 is connected with a control computer and a power supply in the machine body through a wiring harness A22, and the small motor 9 is connected with the control computer and the power supply in the machine body through a wiring harness B23.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the connection of the large sprocket 10, the support shaft 13 and the spiral head 16 according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the support shaft 13 has a boss in the middle thereof, one end of the boss is fixedly connected to the large sprocket 10, the other end of the boss is fixedly connected to the spiral head 16, and the large sprocket 10, the support shaft 13 and the spiral head 16 are coaxial.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the screw hole 17 in the outer wing 1, and it can be seen that the screw hole 17 has a stop 15 at the mouth, which is to prevent the screw head 16 from being screwed out of the screw hole 17, so as to prevent the outer wing 1 from falling off and being damaged.

Fig. 1, 8 and 9 show three attitudes from deployed to folded, and with reference to fig. 1, 8 and 9, a folding wing aircraft is operated as follows:

when the airplane is in flight, the wings are in the unfolding posture in the figure 1; after the airplane lands on the ground, a pilot presses a switch button in a cockpit, a control computer sends a command, a small motor 9 is firstly switched on, the small motor 9 drives a small chain wheel 5 to rotate, a large chain wheel 10 is driven to rotate through a first chain 11, other large chain wheels 10 are driven to rotate together through a second chain 12, a third chain 20 and a fourth chain 21, a supporting shaft 13 and a spiral head 16 also rotate synchronously, so that the outer wing 1 moves outwards along the axis direction of the spiral head 16, the outer wing 1 is driven to extend out, and the airplane enters an extending posture; the large motor 8 is electrified later, when the large motor is seen from top to bottom, the motor is electrified to drive the gear to rotate anticlockwise, the gear 7 is meshed with the inner gear ring 6, under the reaction action of the inner gear ring 6, the large motor 8 drives the rotating ring 19 to rotate clockwise through the rotating plate 4, the rotating ring 19 further drives the connected supporting shaft 13, the spiral head 16 and the outer wing 1 to rotate clockwise, the outer wing 1 rotates to be parallel to the machine body 3, a control computer in the machine body 3 sends a command to control the large motor 8 to be powered off, and the outer wing 1 does not rotate any more; meanwhile, the small motor 9 is controlled to rotate reversely to drive the outer wing 1 to retract until the outer wing 1 is contacted with the wing root 2, the outer wing 1 is structurally locked by the wing root 2, a control computer in the airplane body 3 sends a command, the small motor 9 is powered off, and the airplane enters a parking posture;

before the airplane takes off, a pilot presses a switch button in a cockpit to control a computer to send a command of removing a parking gesture, a small motor 9 is electrified and rotates, an outer wing 1 extends out, a large motor 8 is electrified and rotates clockwise later, the outer wing rotates anticlockwise around a rotating column 18 under the reaction of an inner gear ring until the outer wing is aligned with a wing root, and the airplane enters the extending gesture; subsequently, the control computer issues a command again, the large motor 8 is powered off, the small motor 9 rotates reversely, the outer wing 1 retracts until the outer wing 1 of the airplane is contacted with the wing root 2, the outer wing 1 is structurally locked by the wing root 2, the control computer in the airplane body 3 issues a command, the small motor 9 is powered off, and the airplane enters the unfolding posture.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A folding wing type airplane comprises a fuselage (3), a wing root (2) and an outer wing (1); the method is characterized in that: the wing root (2) part comprises a rotating plate (4), a small chain wheel (5), an inner gear ring (6), a gear (7), a large motor (8), a small motor (9), a large chain wheel (10), a first chain (11), a second chain (12), a supporting shaft (13), a ring lug (14), a rotating column (18), a rotating ring (19), a third chain (20), a fourth chain (21), a wire harness A (22) and a wire harness B (23); the wing root (2) is fixedly connected with the inner gear ring (6) inside, teeth on the inner gear ring (6) are meshed with the gear (7), the gear (7) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the large motor (8), the large motor (8) is vertically arranged, the lower part of the large motor is fixed on the rotating plate (4), and the rotating plate (4) is fixedly connected with the rotating ring (19) at one end where the motor is not fixed; the rotating ring (19) is sleeved on the rotating column (18) of the wing root (2) and is coaxial with the rotating column (18), the moving freedom degree of the rotating ring (19) in the vertical direction is limited, and only the rotating freedom degree of the rotating ring (19) is reserved; the rotating ring (19) is fixedly connected with the ring lug (14) to drive the ring lug (14) to rotate together; the small motor (9) is horizontally arranged and is also fixed on the rotating plate (4), a small chain wheel (5) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the small motor (9), and the small chain wheel (5) is connected with a large chain wheel (10) through a first chain (11); the large chain wheel (10) drives other three large chain wheels (10) to rotate together through a second chain (12), a third chain (20) and a fourth chain (21), all the large chain wheels (10) are fixedly connected with one end of a support shaft (13), and all the support shafts (13) penetrate through holes of the ring lugs (14); the outer wing (1) part comprises a stop block (15), a spiral head (16) and a spiral hole (17), the other end of the support shaft (13) is fixedly connected with the spiral head (16), the spiral head (16) is a cylinder, and threads are distributed on the spiral head (16); the spiral head (16) is embedded in the spiral hole (17) of the outer wing and is meshed with the thread in the spiral hole (17); the spiral port of the outer wing (1) is provided with a stop block (15) for preventing the spiral head (16) from screwing out of the spiral hole (17) so as to avoid accidental falling damage of the outer wing (1).

2. The folding wing aircraft of claim 1, wherein: the airplane performs state conversion according to the following steps: the airplane is in a wing unfolding posture during flying, after the airplane lands on the ground, a pilot presses a switch button in a cockpit to control a computer to send a command, a small motor (9) is firstly switched on, the small motor (9) drives a small chain wheel (5) to rotate, a large chain wheel (10) is driven to rotate through a first chain (11), meanwhile, other large chain wheels (10) are driven to rotate together through a second chain (12), a third chain (20) and a fourth chain (21), a supporting shaft (13) and a spiral head (16) also rotate synchronously, so that an outer wing (1) moves outwards along the axis direction of the spiral head (16) to drive the outer wing (1) to extend out, and the airplane enters an extending posture; the large motor (8) is electrified later, when viewed from top to bottom, the large motor (8) drives the gear (7) to rotate anticlockwise after being electrified, the gear (7) is meshed with the inner gear ring (6), the large motor (8) drives the rotating ring (19) to rotate clockwise through the rotating plate (4) under the reaction action of the inner gear ring (6), the rotating ring (19) further drives the connected supporting shaft (13), the spiral head (16) and the outer wing (1) to rotate clockwise, the outer wing (1) rotates to be parallel to the machine body (3), a control computer in the machine body (3) sends a command to control the large motor (8) to be powered off, and the outer wing (1) does not rotate any more; meanwhile, the small motor (9) is controlled to rotate reversely to drive the outer wing (1) to retract until the outer wing (1) is contacted with the wing root (2), the outer wing (1) is structurally locked by the wing root (2), a control computer in the airplane body (3) sends a command, the small motor (9) is powered off, and the airplane enters a parking posture;

before the airplane takes off, a pilot presses a switch button in a cockpit to control a computer to send a command of removing a parking gesture, a small motor (9) is electrified and rotates, an outer wing (1) extends out, a large motor (8) is electrified and rotates clockwise, the outer wing (1) rotates anticlockwise around a rotating column (18) under the reaction of an inner gear ring until the outer wing is aligned with a wing root (2), and the airplane enters the extending gesture; and then, the control computer sends out a command again, the large motor (8) is powered off, the small motor (9) rotates reversely, the outer wing (1) retracts until the outer wing (1) of the airplane is contacted with the wing root (2), the outer wing (1) is structurally locked by the wing root (2), and then the control computer in the airplane body (3) sends out a command, the small motor (9) is powered off, and the airplane enters a spreading posture.

3. The folding wing aircraft of claim 1, wherein: the large motor (8) is connected with a control computer and a power supply inside the machine body through a wiring harness A (22).

4. The folding wing aircraft of claim 1, wherein: the small motor (9) is connected with a control computer and a power supply inside the machine body through a wiring harness B (23).

5. The folding wing aircraft of claim 1, wherein: the ring ears (14) are arranged in pairs, symmetrically distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotating ring (19) and fixedly connected with the rotating ring (19), and the minimum number is 4 pairs.

6. The folding wing aircraft of claim 1, wherein: the large chain wheel (10), the support shaft (13) and the spiral head (16) are coaxial.

7. Support shaft (13) according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boss of the supporting shaft (13) is clamped by two ring lugs (14), the moving freedom degree of the supporting shaft along the axial direction is limited, and only one rotating freedom degree is reserved.