CN113184161B - Special-shaped shell bearing large axial pressure and hoisting structure - Google Patents

Special-shaped shell bearing large axial pressure and hoisting structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113184161B
CN113184161B CN202110474098.4A CN202110474098A CN113184161B CN 113184161 B CN113184161 B CN 113184161B CN 202110474098 A CN202110474098 A CN 202110474098A CN 113184161 B CN113184161 B CN 113184161B
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China
Prior art keywords
end frame
rear end
reinforcing rib
longitudinal reinforcing
lifting hole
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CN202110474098.4A
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CN113184161A (en
Inventor
孙晓玲
崔慧永
王一凡
郑成成
杨鑫鑫
张健
董耀军
王捷冰
肖振
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Beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicles System Engineering
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Beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicles System Engineering
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C1/06—Frames; Stringers; Longerons ; Fuselage sections
    • B64C1/068—Fuselage sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C2001/0054—Fuselage structures substantially made from particular materials
    • B64C2001/0081—Fuselage structures substantially made from particular materials from metallic materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

A special-shaped shell bearing large axial pressure and a hoisting structure are provided, wherein a front end frame and a rear end frame are connected through a plurality of longitudinal reinforcing ribs, and one ends of the longitudinal reinforcing ribs correspond to the positions of connecting holes of the rear end frame; the front end frame is in an axisymmetric structure, and a plurality of front end frame connecting holes are formed in the edge of the front end frame; two sides of the front end frame connecting hole are respectively provided with a longitudinal reinforcing rib; a lifting hole is arranged between the front end frame and the rear end frame, the lifting hole is fixedly connected with the front end frame through a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib A, and the lifting hole is fixedly connected with the rear end frame through a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib B; and the lifting hole is also provided with a transverse reinforcing rib for reinforcing and fixing the lifting hole. Aiming at the characteristic that the cabin body bears the load, the invention optimizes the force transmission path of the shell, optimizes the position, the width and the thickness of the reinforcing ribs according to the load bearing size, and finally realizes the function that the minimum weight bears the maximum load.

Description

Special-shaped shell bearing large axial pressure and hoisting structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to a special-shaped shell and a hoisting structure for bearing large axial pressure, and belongs to the technical field of special-shaped cabin section bearing structure design.
Background
In order to meet the design requirement of model lightening, the large cabin section of the aerospace craft needs to be subjected to weight reduction and lightening design, and the large cabin section generally works under the harsher condition of the mechanical and thermal environment, needs to bear loads such as tension, pressure, bending moment, internal and external pressure, vibration, impact and the like in different degrees, even needs to bear the action of different loads in a high-temperature environment, and has high design requirement on the strong rigidity of the cabin section.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the special-shaped shell bearing large axial pressure and the hoisting structure are provided, according to the bearing characteristics, the proper rib width and rib height are arranged at the proper position by optimizing the force transmission path, the cabin section structural design with the minimum relative weight is realized, and the design requirements of light weight and weight reduction are met.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a bear heterotypic casing and lift by crane structure of big axle load, includes: the shell comprises a front end frame, a rear end frame, lifting holes and a shell skin;
the rear end frame is of a circular ring structure, and a plurality of rear end frame connecting holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
the front end frame and the rear end frame are axially arranged, the front end frame and the rear end frame are connected through a plurality of longitudinal reinforcing ribs, and one ends of the longitudinal reinforcing ribs correspond to the positions of the connecting holes of the rear end frame;
the front end frame is in an axisymmetric structure, and a plurality of front end frame connecting holes are formed in the edge of the front end frame; two sides of the front end frame connecting hole are respectively provided with a longitudinal reinforcing rib;
a lifting hole is arranged between the front end frame and the rear end frame, the lifting hole is fixedly connected with the front end frame through a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib A, and the lifting hole is fixedly connected with the rear end frame through a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib B; the lifting hole is also provided with a transverse lifting hole reinforcing rib for reinforcing and fixing;
and shell skins are arranged outside the front end frame and the rear end frame.
Two lifting holes are arranged between the front end frame and the rear end frame, and the two lifting holes are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the front end frame.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the device comprises an operation window, an operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib A and an operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib B;
two operation windows are arranged between the front end frame and the rear end frame and are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the front end frame;
the operation window is connected with the rear end frame through the operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib A; the operation window is connected with the front end frame through the operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib B.
The lifting hole is fixedly connected with the operation window through a transverse reinforcing rib of the lifting hole.
Two axisymmetric corner structures are arranged on the front end frame, and longitudinal reinforcing ribs connected with the rear end frame are arranged on the outer sides of the two corner structures so as to avoid the problem of stress concentration generated by corners.
The size of vertical strengthening rib, the vertical strengthening rib A of operation window, the vertical strengthening rib B of operation window, the horizontal strengthening rib of lifting hole, the vertical strengthening rib A of lifting hole and the vertical strengthening rib B of lifting hole satisfies the proportion as follows, and the muscle is high: the width of the rib is 1.5-2.5.
All the structures adopt a forming process mode of firstly integrally casting and then machining.
The cast materials are cast aluminum ZL114A and ZL 205A.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the characteristics and the load size of the load borne by the shell, the connection positions of the front end frame and the rear end frame are considered, the force transmission paths of the front end frame and the rear end frame are optimized, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged according to the planned paths, so that the effective transmission of the load is realized. The force transmission efficiency can be improved, redundant reinforcing ribs are avoided, and redundant weight is reduced.
2. According to the invention, the shell structure is optimized by combining the shell forming process according to the structural form of the special-shaped shell, and the design and forming process integrated design mode is adopted, so that the shell forming feasibility is improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the production period is shortened.
3. The shell reinforcing rib is designed according to the optimal width-to-height ratio of the bearing, the redundant weight is reduced, the lightweight design is realized, and compared with the traditional shell reinforcing rib, the shell reinforcing rib has the advantages of better bearing and lighter weight.
4. According to the hoisting load characteristics of the shell hoisting hole, the local reinforcement design is carried out according to the load-bearing path, and compared with the traditional overall reinforcement mode of the hoisting hole, the weight can be reduced unnecessarily.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a front end frame connecting hole; 2 is a shell; 3 is a rear end frame connecting hole; 4 is a rear end frame; 5 is a front end frame; 6 is a longitudinal reinforcing rib; 7 is an operation window; 8 is a shell skin; 9 is the leeward side of the shell; 10 is the windward side of the shell; 71 is a longitudinal reinforcing rib A of the operation window; 72 is a longitudinal reinforcing rib B of the operation window; 42 is a transverse reinforcing rib of a lifting hole; 41 is a lifting hole; 43 is a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib A; and 44 is a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib B.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the characteristic that the cabin body bears the load, the invention optimizes the force transmission path of the shell, optimizes the position, the width and the thickness of the reinforcing ribs according to the load bearing size, and finally realizes the function that the minimum weight bears the maximum load. The structural design method is suitable for designing all special-shaped shells which need to bear various loads and have light weight design requirements.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a special-shaped shell and a hoisting structure for bearing large axial pressure, comprising: the front end frame 5, the rear end frame 4, the lifting hole 41, the shell skin 8, the operation window 7, the operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib A71 and the operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib B72.
The rear end frame 4 is of a circular ring structure (the diameter is not less than 1m), and a plurality of rear end frame connecting holes 3 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
the front end frame 5 and the rear end frame 4 are axially arranged, the front end frame 5 and the rear end frame 4 are connected through a plurality of longitudinal reinforcing ribs 6, and one end of each longitudinal reinforcing rib 6 corresponds to the position of the rear end frame connecting hole 3;
the front end frame 5 is in an axisymmetric structure, and a plurality of front end frame connecting holes 1 are formed in the edge of the front end frame 5; two sides of the front end frame connecting hole 1 are respectively provided with a longitudinal reinforcing rib 6;
a lifting hole 41 is arranged between the front end frame 5 and the rear end frame 4, the lifting hole 41 and the front end frame 5 are fixedly connected through a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib A43, and the lifting hole 41 and the rear end frame 4 are fixedly connected through a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib B44; the lifting hole 41 is also provided with a transverse lifting hole reinforcing rib 42 for reinforcing and fixing;
a shell skin 8 is arranged outside the front end frame 5 and the rear end frame 4.
Two lifting holes 41 are arranged between the front end frame 5 and the rear end frame 4, and the two lifting holes 41 are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the front end frame 5.
Two operation windows 7 are arranged between the front end frame 5 and the rear end frame 4, and the two operation windows 7 are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the front end frame 5;
the operation window 7 is connected with the rear end frame 4 through an operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib A71; the operation window 7 is connected to the front-end frame 5 by an operation window longitudinal reinforcement B72.
The lifting hole 41 is fixedly connected with the operation window 7 through a lifting hole transverse reinforcing rib 42.
Two axisymmetric corner structures are arranged on the front end frame 5, and longitudinal reinforcing ribs connected with the rear end frame 4 are arranged on the outer sides of the two corner structures so as to avoid the problem of stress concentration generated at the corners.
The sizes of the longitudinal reinforcing rib 6, the longitudinal reinforcing rib A71 of the operation window, the longitudinal reinforcing rib B72 of the operation window, the transverse reinforcing rib 42 of the lifting hole, the longitudinal reinforcing rib A43 of the lifting hole and the longitudinal reinforcing rib B44 of the lifting hole meet the following proportion,
the rib height: the width of the rib is 1.5-2.5.
All the structures adopt a forming process mode of firstly integrally casting and then mechanically processing. The cast materials are cast aluminum ZL114A and ZL 205A.
Examples
1. Structural design
The shell 2 is of a variable-curvature special-shaped structure, the shell is designed to be of a skin-skeleton integrated structure, the front end frame of the shell is of a semicircular and rectangular structure, the rear end frame of the shell is of an approximate circular structure, the front end frame is 10mm thick in large area and is provided with 6 connecting holes, the rear end frame is 10mm thick and is provided with 12 connecting holes, and 12 through longitudinal ribs are arranged between the front end frame and the rear end frame; lifting holes 41 are formed in two symmetrical sides of the shell, and 2 longitudinal reinforcing ribs and 2 transverse reinforcing ribs are arranged on two sides of each lifting hole 41; the 2 longitudinal reinforcing ribs are connected with the front end frame and the rear end frame, and the 2 transverse reinforcing ribs are connected with the operation window 7.
Two sides of the leeward side 9 of the shell are provided with two operating windows 7, so that the equipment in the cabin can be operated conveniently through the operating windows 7, and the operating windows 7 are connected with the front end frame and the rear end frame through two short longitudinal ribs; the rest part of the shell is a shell skin with the thickness of 2.5 mm.
2. Longitudinal stiffener design
The shell with the structure is generally used for transition connection of a front shell and a rear shell with irregular shapes, and plays a role in transferring payload of the front shell and the rear shell. The shell is generally acted by axial force and bending moment, so the longitudinal reinforcing ribs of the shell can effectively transmit the axial force of the front end frame and the rear end frame of the shell, as shown in figure 1, the windward side 10 of the shell is of a special structure and is not uniformly stressed, and the force transmission of one connecting hole of the front end frame and two connecting holes of the rear end frame is realized by respectively arranging two through longitudinal reinforcing ribs 6 at two sides of the connecting hole of the front end frame to be connected to the vicinity of the connecting hole of the rear end frame; the rear end frame is circumferentially and evenly provided with a plurality of connecting holes, the leeward side 9 of the shell is of a regular structure, the connecting holes 3 of the rear end frame of the shell are respectively provided with reinforcing longitudinal ribs connected to the front end frame, and each connecting hole of the rear end frame is provided with a reinforcing longitudinal rib connected with the front end frame so as to realize the force transmission of the front end frame and the rear end frame. Meanwhile, the particularity of the corners of the shell is considered, stress concentration is easily caused at the corners, and the longitudinal reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer sides of the two corners at the bottom of the front end frame, so that the stress concentration at the corners is avoided.
Considering that the longitudinal reinforcing rib generally transmits axial load, the shoulder height and the shoulder width of the reinforcing rib are determined according to the load, and generally according to the rib height: the rib width is 1.5-2.5 which is the best proportion, the efficiency of the reinforcing rib is the highest, and the weight is saved most.
3. Reinforced design of lifting hole
The lifting hole generally needs to bear longitudinal load and transverse load, the longitudinal load is large, and the lifting load is transmitted to the front end frame and the rear end frame by arranging longitudinal reinforcing ribs on two sides of the lifting hole; meanwhile, the effect of the transverse load of the lifting hole is considered, for the purpose of reducing the weight through optimized design, two transverse reinforcing ribs are only added in the transverse lifting direction of the lifting hole, and the effect of transversely reinforcing the lifting hole is achieved.
4. Molding process
The mode of design and forming process integrated design is adopted, and the casting and machining forming process can be selected according to the structural form of the shell. Because the shell has good openness, the whole shell is cast and molded, meanwhile, machining allowance is reserved, and then the extra weight on the inner surface and the outer surface can be removed in an internal and external adding mode, so that the light design requirement is met.
The casting molding and machining process has the advantages of short period, mature process, high yield and good weight reduction effect, and particularly, the casting method can shorten the period and reduce the cost for the shells produced in batches.
5. Material selection
Aiming at the use environment and load condition of the shell, the shell with the use temperature not more than 200 ℃ is generally made of cast aluminum materials, the cast aluminum materials have mature process, less casting defects, lower cost and good processing performance, and the commonly used cast aluminum comprises ZL114A and ZL 205A.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the details of the invention not described in detail in the specification are within the skill of those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a bear big axle load abnormal shape casing and lift by crane structure which characterized in that includes: the shell comprises a front end frame (5), a rear end frame (4), a lifting hole (41) and a shell skin (8);
the rear end frame (4) is of a circular ring structure, and a plurality of rear end frame connecting holes (3) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
the front end frame (5) and the rear end frame (4) are axially arranged, the front end frame (5) and the rear end frame (4) are connected through a plurality of longitudinal reinforcing ribs (6), and one ends of the longitudinal reinforcing ribs (6) correspond to the positions of the rear end frame connecting holes (3);
the front end frame (5) is in an axisymmetric structure, and a plurality of front end frame connecting holes (1) are formed in the edge of the front end frame (5); two sides of the front end frame connecting hole (1) are respectively provided with a longitudinal reinforcing rib (6) connected to the position near the rear end frame connecting hole (3), so that the force transmission between the front end frame connecting hole (1) and the two rear end frame connecting holes (3) is realized;
a lifting hole (41) is arranged between the front end frame (5) and the rear end frame (4), the lifting hole (41) and the front end frame (5) are fixedly connected through a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib A (43), and the lifting hole (41) and the rear end frame (4) are fixedly connected through a lifting hole longitudinal reinforcing rib B (44); the lifting hole (41) is also provided with a transverse lifting hole reinforcing rib (42) for reinforcing and fixing;
a shell skin (8) is arranged outside the front end frame (5) and the rear end frame (4);
two axisymmetric corner structures are arranged on the front end frame (5), and longitudinal reinforcing ribs connected with the rear end frame (4) are arranged outside the two corner structures so as to avoid the problem of stress concentration generated by the corners;
further comprising: the operation window comprises an operation window (7), an operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib A (71) and an operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib B (72);
two operation windows (7) are arranged between the front end frame (5) and the rear end frame (4), and the two operation windows (7) are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the front end frame (5);
the operation window (7) is connected with the rear end frame (4) through an operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib A (71); the operation window (7) is connected with the front end frame (5) through an operation window longitudinal reinforcing rib B (72);
the sizes of the longitudinal reinforcing rib (6), the longitudinal reinforcing rib A (71) of the operation window, the longitudinal reinforcing rib B (72) of the operation window, the transverse reinforcing rib (42) of the lifting hole, the longitudinal reinforcing rib A (43) of the lifting hole and the longitudinal reinforcing rib B (44) of the lifting hole meet the following proportion,
the rib height: the width of the rib is 1.5-2.5.
2. The special-shaped shell and lifting structure for bearing large axial pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein two lifting holes (41) are arranged between the front end frame (5) and the rear end frame (4), and the two lifting holes (41) are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the front end frame (5).
3. The special-shaped shell and lifting structure for bearing large axial pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting hole (41) is fixedly connected with the operation window (7) through a transverse lifting hole reinforcing rib (42).
4. The special-shaped shell and lifting structure for bearing large axial pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein all the structures are formed by integral casting and machining.
5. The special-shaped shell and hoisting structure for bearing large axial compression as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cast material is cast aluminum ZL114A or ZL 205A.
CN202110474098.4A 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 Special-shaped shell bearing large axial pressure and hoisting structure Active CN113184161B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110474098.4A CN113184161B (en) 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 Special-shaped shell bearing large axial pressure and hoisting structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110474098.4A CN113184161B (en) 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 Special-shaped shell bearing large axial pressure and hoisting structure

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CN113184161B true CN113184161B (en) 2022-09-27

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4653210B2 (en) * 2008-11-12 2011-03-16 本田技研工業株式会社 Body front structure
CN105692422A (en) * 2016-02-18 2016-06-22 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 Detachable hoisting mechanism in end faces of cabin of warhead
CN109050983A (en) * 2018-08-31 2018-12-21 上海宇航系统工程研究所 It is a kind of to support that big quality bilayer propulsion die is installed and the freighter of carrying promotes cabin structure
CN110228603B (en) * 2019-05-29 2022-11-18 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 Static test end frame for simulating aircraft air state

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