CN113183343B

CN113183343B - Self-adaptive cutter for machining exposed drilling surface of diamond wire drawing die and machining method

Info

Publication number: CN113183343B
Application number: CN202110516257.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程积龙; 曹磊; 王松; 赵坤荣
Original assignee: Anhui Juxin Zhizao Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Juxin Zhizao Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-12
Filing date: 2021-05-12
Publication date: 2023-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-12
Also published as: CN113183343A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of diamond wire-drawing die exposed-drilling surface machining, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive cutter and a diamond wire-drawing die exposed-drilling surface machining method. The invention comprises a cutter sleeve and a cutter body with the tail end inserted into a cavity of the cutter sleeve; the cutter also comprises an elastic piece for driving the cutter body to generate reciprocating elastic linear motion along the axial direction of the cutter sleeve relative to the cutter sleeve, and the elastic restoring force direction of the elastic piece points to the direction of the cutter point of the cutter body. The self-adaptive cutter can realize the purposes of processing the exposed drilling surface of the diamond wire-drawing die with high efficiency, high quality and standardization aiming at the existing phenomenon that natural diamond or artificial diamond has large brittleness; the invention also provides a processing method of the exposed drilling surface of the diamond wire drawing die by using the self-adaptive cutter, thereby realizing the processing purpose in a concrete way.

Description

Self-adaptive cutter for machining exposed drilling surface of diamond wire drawing die and machining method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of diamond wire drawing die exposed drilling surface machining, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive cutter for diamond wire drawing die exposed drilling surface machining and a machining method.

Background

The wire drawing die is a pressure stretching treatment die based on wires, and can lead wire blanks to be plastically deformed through a die head Kong Jingli under the action of certain stretching force, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the cross section and increasing the length of the wire blanks; the diamond wire drawing die uses natural diamond or artificial diamond as raw material, so that the diamond wire drawing die has strong wear resistance and long service life, and is widely used. Natural diamond or artificial diamond has large brittleness, so when the exposed drilling surface of the diamond wire drawing die is automatically processed, a common diamond cutter or a tungsten steel cutter is particularly easy to impact a diamond mold core, so that the diamond is broken or cracked, and waste products are generated; at present, only manual lathes can be used for low-efficiency and nonstandard production, the production efficiency is low, the product quality is uneven, the normal development of the wire-drawing die industry is greatly influenced, and the problem is to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the self-adaptive cutter for processing the exposed drilling surface of the diamond wire drawing die, so that the aim of processing the exposed drilling surface of the diamond wire drawing die with high efficiency, high quality and standardization can be realized aiming at the existing phenomenon that natural diamond or artificial diamond has large brittleness; another object of the present invention is to provide a machining method using the above adaptive tool, thereby materializing the above machining object.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a self-adaptation cutter that is used for diamond wire drawing mould to reveal drilling face processing which characterized in that: comprises a knife sleeve and a knife body with the tail end inserted into a cavity of the knife sleeve; the cutter also comprises an elastic piece for driving the cutter body to generate reciprocating elastic linear motion along the axial direction of the cutter sleeve relative to the cutter sleeve, and the elastic restoring force direction of the elastic piece points to the direction of the cutter point of the cutter body.

Preferably, the cutter body is in a quadrangular shape; and taking one edge of the cutter body as a reference edge, wherein the length of the reference edge is longer than that of the other three edges, connecting lines are arranged along the top ends of the other three edges to the top ends of the reference edge, the included angle between each connecting line and the reference edge is 30 degrees, and the connecting lines are matched with the reference edge to jointly form the cutter point of the cutter body.

Preferably, the R angle of the cutter point is 0.2mm.

Preferably, the elastic piece is a pressure spring, and the pressure spring is coaxially arranged at the barrel bottom surface of the barrel-shaped cutter sleeve; the bottom of the pressure spring is abutted against the bottom surface of the cutter sleeve barrel, and the top of the pressure spring extends along the axial direction of the cutter sleeve and is abutted against the tail end surface of the cutter body.

Preferably, the sleeve cavity of the cutter sleeve is in a two-section stepped hole shape with a thick bottom and a thin bottom, the top end of the pressure spring is matched with the tail end surface of the cutter body, and the maximum elastic reset distance of the pressure spring is limited by the matching of the top end of the pressure spring and the spigot of the hole shoulder at the sleeve cavity of the cutter sleeve.

Preferably, the cutter body is in abutting fit with the pressure spring through a spigot step at the tail end face; meanwhile, the spigot step is matched with the unidirectional limit of the hole shoulder to restrict the maximum forward travel distance of the cutter body relative to the cutter sleeve.

Preferably, the knife sleeve comprises a rear cover and a sleeve-shaped outer sleeve which is in threaded fit with a threaded section at the inner cavity of the rear cover; the cavity wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a guide edge along the axial direction of the cutter sleeve, and the cutter body is correspondingly provided with a guide groove, and a sliding rail guide matching relationship is formed between the guide edge and the guide groove.

Preferably, the processing method applies the self-adaptive cutter for processing the exposed drilling surface of the diamond wire drawing die, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) Fixing a diamond wire drawing die, feeding by using a drill rod along the axial direction, and primarily cutting a blind hole; then reaming;

2) Machining the reamed blind hole by using the self-adaptive cutter until the blind hole is drilled in the axial direction and the drilling surface is exposed; the cutting force of the self-adaptive cutter is 25N, the supporting force provided by the pressure spring is more than or equal to 27N, so that the pressure spring does not deform when the self-adaptive cutter is used for cutting an outer die and a sintered layer of the diamond wire drawing die, and the pressure spring contracts when the self-adaptive cutter touches the surface of the diamond die core, so that the self-adaptive cutter and the diamond die core are protected.

Preferably, the diamond wire drawing die comprises a diamond die core, a sintering layer coated outside the diamond die core and an outer die provided with a die cavity for accommodating the sintering layer from inside to outside, wherein the outer die comprises a round cup-shaped sub die with a cup opening facing the direction of the self-adaptive cutter, and a die cover for enabling the die cavity to form a closed space so as to accommodate the sintering layer is arranged at the cup opening of the sub die; on the axial section through the diamond wire drawing die axis, the die cover and the sintering layer form dovetail groove type mortise-tenon fit.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) Aiming at the existing phenomenon that natural diamond or artificial diamond is large in brittleness, the elastic restoring force of the elastic piece can be adaptively adjusted through the cutting force and the force change when the cutter body respectively touches the outer die, the sintering layer and the diamond die core of the diamond wire drawing die, so that the elastic piece is not deformed when the outer die and the sintering layer of the diamond wire drawing die are cut, and the normal operation of the cutter body is not affected. When the tool nose of the diamond die core is contacted with the surface of the diamond die core, the elastic piece starts to generate energy absorption and pressure accumulation actions, and finally the purpose of protecting the diamond die core and even protecting the diamond die core is achieved. Therefore, the invention can realize the purpose of processing the exposed drilling surface of the diamond wire drawing die with high efficiency, high quality and standardization.

2) On the basis of the structure, the knife tip design is a bright spot. The cutter rake angle is 30 degrees, and the cutter rake angle is large, so that the strength of the cutting edge and the cutter head is reduced, the heat conducting area and the Rong Reti product of the cutter head are reduced, and bending stress is likely to occur at the cutting edge, so that tipping is caused; if the rake angle is reduced, the chip deformation is increased, and the cutting edge is liable to be brittle and broken. The quadrangular prism is selected because after the front angle of the cutter is matched, the whole cutter is more fixed and stable, the cutter cannot generate displacement in the cutting process, and the supporting force of the cutter point reaches the optimal state. When the front angle of the cutter is 30 degrees, the cutter tip is matched with the quadrangular cutter body, the cutter tip is worn most slowly, the maximum efficiency and quality assurance of cutting the drilling surface can be achieved, the productivity can reach 500 times, and the productivity is several times higher than that of cutters with other angles and shapes. When the R angle of the tool nose is 0.2mm, the surface is smoother when the surface glossiness of the processed surface is less than Ra3.2, the tremble value of the tool is minimum, the perception of the tool to pressure is in the most sensitive state, the effect is extremely remarkable, and the tool can be completely produced in a batch industrialized mode and the required processing purpose can be achieved.

The practice proves that the structure can sense the force of 0.02N through the pressure test, and the interaction of the force, the spring force and the cutting force can achieve the aim of effectively protecting the diamond and the cutter, which is the core of the invention.

3) The elastic piece preferably adopts a pressure spring so as to improve the practicability and cost performance of the invention by utilizing the characteristics of convenience in assembly and adjustment. In actual operation, unlike the traditional pressure spring using mode, the invention needs to limit the maximum elastic resetting distance of the pressure spring, and the reason is that: the traditional spring is influenced by the inherent characteristics, and when the external force is applied, the elastic restoring force returned by the traditional spring is gradually increased, but is not constant; and the stronger the elastic restoring force is, the smaller the feedback change of the force is, and the non-linearity is. When applied to the present invention, it is apparent that the feed of the cutter body aims to provide a constant cutting force, which is not provided by the current spring structure. In view of the above, the invention adopts the hole shoulder structure to limit the maximum resetting distance of the spring, namely the pressure spring, so that the pressure spring is always in a pre-tightening-like pressure accumulation state in the cutter sleeve cavity, thereby avoiding the loosening phenomenon of the pressure spring in the cutter sleeve cavity and further affecting the normal use of the cutter body; and because the pressure spring is always in the pressure accumulation state in the early stage, once the cutter body presses the pressure spring, the pressure spring can directly back-support the cutter body by larger elastic restoring force which is more stable in the later stage. Therefore, the invention can further ensure that the elastic piece does not deform when the cutter body cuts the outer die and the sintered layer of the diamond wire drawing die, thereby not affecting the normal operation of the cutter body. Meanwhile, when the cutter point of the cutter body touches the surface of the diamond mold core, the pressure spring directly skips the unstable pressure accumulation stage with larger amplification in the earlier stage and starts to generate the energy-absorbing pressure accumulation retraction action with nearly constant force so as to protect the diamond mold core and even protect the diamond mold core.

4) The rear cover and the outer sleeve are combined to form the cutter sleeve, so that modular production and assembly are facilitated. In addition, during assembly, the screw threads of the rear cover relative to the outer sleeve are screwed, so that the pretightening force of the pressure spring is formed, and the cutter body can generate the specific action conveniently; meanwhile, the formation of the guide edges is facilitated, so that the practical cost performance of the invention is improved. The matching of the guide edges and the guide grooves, which are matched with the quadrangular cutter body, further defines the advancing direction of the cutter body, avoids the displacement deformation condition of the cutter possibly generated under the cutting force, and achieves multiple purposes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the cutter body;

FIG. 5 is a left side view of FIG. 4;

fig. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are flowcharts of the present invention.

The actual correspondence between each label and the component name of the invention is as follows:

a1-diamond mold core a 2-sintered layer a 3-sub mold a 4-mold cover

10-knife sleeve 11-outer sleeve 11 a-Kong Jian 11 b-guiding edge 12-rear cover

20-knife body 21-reference edge 22-guide groove 23-spigot step

30-pressure spring

Description of the embodiments

For ease of understanding, the specific structure and operation of the present invention will be further described herein with reference to FIGS. 1-9:

first, the cutting object of the present invention, i.e., diamond wire drawing die, is shown in fig. 6: the diamond die comprises a diamond die core a1, a sintering layer a2 coated outside the diamond die core a1 and an outer die provided with a die cavity for accommodating the sintering layer a2 from inside to outside. The outer die comprises a round cup-shaped sub die a3 with a cup opening facing the direction of the self-adaptive cutter, and a die cover a4 for enabling the die cavity to form a closed space so as to accommodate the sintered layer a2 is arranged at the cup opening of the sub die a3. At this time, on the axial section through diamond wire drawing die axis, form dovetail's mortise-tenon joint between die cover a4 and sintered layer a2 to ensure that sintered layer a2 can tightly grasp die cover a4 after the sintering, make whole diamond wire drawing die form integrated structure, promote reliability and the yield of later stage drilling.

At this time, the specific structure of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and the main components thereof include a cutter housing 10, a compression spring 30 and a cutter body 20, which are sequentially arranged from rear to front. Wherein:

the cutter body 20 is shown in outline with reference to fig. 4-5, and exhibits a quadrangular prism shape. In fig. 1, the reference edge 21 extends forward and forms a nose; the knife tip adopts a knife shape with 30 degrees and an R angle of 0.2mm as the optimal structure. In operation, the nose performs the function of a hole opening, thereby penetrating the blind hole and exposing the drilling surface of the diamond die as shown in FIG. 9.

The knife pouch 10 is formed by combining a rear cover 12 and an outer sleeve 11 screw-fitted at the cover cavity of the rear cover 12 as shown in fig. 1 to 3. The external shape of the sleeve cavity of the outer sleeve 11 is matched with the external shape of the quadrangular cutter body 20, namely, the sleeve cavity of the outer sleeve 11 is provided with a guide rib 11b in a protruding mode, and therefore a sliding rail guide matching relation is formed between the sleeve cavity and the guide groove 22 at the cutter body 20. When assembled, it should be noted that the cylindrical cavity of the outer sleeve 11 shown in fig. 2 is in a two-stage stepped hole shape. At the same time, the compression spring 30 is located in the large aperture section of the outer sleeve 11 and is clamped and displacement-free by the cooperative cooperation of the rear abutment of the rear cover 12 and the front pressure of the hole shoulder 11a at the outer sleeve 11. Then, the cutter body 20 is inserted along the barrel cavity of the outer sleeve 11, and the tail end surface of the cutter body 20 abuts against the front end of the pressure spring 30 as shown in fig. 2; therefore, when the cutter body 20 actually bears cutting force smaller than the preset cutting force, the pre-tensioned pressure spring 30 is not pressed, so that the cutter body 20 is applied with forward force almost constantly, at the moment, the elastic piece is not deformed when the cutter body 20 cuts the outer die of the diamond wire drawing die and the sintered layer a2, and the normal operation of the cutter body 20 is not affected. When the cutting force actually borne by the cutter body 20 is greater than or equal to the predetermined cutting force, the pressure spring 30 directly skips the unstable elastic restoring force stage with huge amplitude in the early stage, and enters the relatively stable elastic restoring force stage with smaller amplitude in the later stage. At this time, the tip of the cutter body 20 touches the surface of the diamond mold core a1, and the compression spring 30 directly skips over the unstable pressure accumulation stage with larger amplification in the earlier stage to start to generate nearly constant energy absorption and pressure accumulation action, so as to protect the diamond mold core a1 and even protect the invention. In order to prevent the cutter body 20 from accidentally falling out of the outer sleeve 11, and also to improve the stability of the cooperation between the cutter body 20 and the compression spring 30, a spigot step 23 may be disposed at the tail end of the cutter body 20 and form a unidirectional spigot cooperation with the hole shoulder 11a, which will not be described herein.

In operation, the present invention provides a set of embodiments as follows:

with the above specific embodiment, the actual working procedure of the present invention is as follows:

1) A diamond die was made as shown in fig. 6, after which the diamond die was fixed and drill rod feed was used in the axial direction to initially cut blind holes as shown in fig. 7.

2) And (3) reaming the blind holes by adopting a common cutter such as a diamond cutter or a tungsten steel cutter, and the like, as shown in fig. 8.

3) The self-adaptive cutter is used for machining the blind hole after reaming until the blind hole is drilled in the axial direction as shown in fig. 9, and the drilling surface is exposed. During processing, the cutting force of the self-adaptive cutter is 25N, the supporting force provided by the pressure spring 30 is more than or equal to 27N, so that the pressure spring 30 does not deform when the self-adaptive cutter is used for cutting the outer die and the sintering layer a2 of the diamond wire drawing die, and the pressure spring 30 contracts when the self-adaptive cutter touches the surface of the diamond die core a1, so that the self-adaptive cutter and the diamond die core a1 are protected.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.

Claims

1. A self-adaptation cutter that is used for diamond wire drawing mould to reveal drilling face processing which characterized in that: comprises a knife sleeve (10) and a knife body (20) with the tail end inserted into a sleeve cavity of the knife sleeve (10); the cutter also comprises an elastic piece for driving the cutter body (20) to generate reciprocating elastic linear motion along the axial direction of the cutter sleeve (10) relative to the cutter sleeve (10), wherein the elastic restoring force direction of the elastic piece points to the direction of the cutter point of the cutter body (20);

the cutter body (20) is in a quadrangular prism shape; taking one edge of the cutter body (20) as a reference edge (21), wherein the length of the reference edge (21) is longer than that of the other three edges, connecting lines are arranged along the top ends of the other three edges to the top ends of the reference edge (21), the included angle between each connecting line and the reference edge (21) is 30 degrees, and the connecting lines are matched with the reference edge (21) to jointly form the cutter point of the cutter body (20);

the R angle of the tool nose is 0.2mm.

2. An adaptive cutter for exposed face machining of a diamond wire drawing die as defined in claim 1, wherein: the elastic piece is a pressure spring (30), and the pressure spring (30) is coaxially arranged at the barrel bottom surface of the barrel-shaped cutter sleeve (10); the bottom end of the pressure spring (30) is abutted against the bottom surface of the barrel of the cutter sleeve (10), and the top end of the pressure spring extends along the axial direction of the cutter sleeve (10) and is abutted against the tail end surface of the cutter body (20).

3. An adaptive cutter for exposed face machining of a diamond wire drawing die according to claim 2, wherein: the sleeve cavity of the cutter sleeve (10) is in a two-stage stepped hole shape with a thick bottom and a thin bottom, the top end of the pressure spring (30) is matched with the tail end face of the cutter body (20), and the maximum elastic reset distance of the pressure spring (30) is limited by the matching of the top end of the pressure spring (30) and the spigot of the hole shoulder (11 a) at the sleeve cavity of the cutter sleeve (10).

4. An adaptive cutter for exposed face machining of a diamond wire drawing die according to claim 3, wherein: the cutter body (20) is in abutting fit with the compression spring (30) through a spigot step (23) at the tail end face; simultaneously, the spigot step (23) is matched with the unidirectional limit of the hole shoulder (11 a) to restrain the maximum advancing distance of the cutter body (20) relative to the cutter sleeve (10).

5. An adaptive cutter for exposed face machining of a diamond wire drawing die according to claim 3, wherein: the cutter sleeve (10) comprises a rear cover (12) and a sleeve-shaped outer sleeve (11) which is in threaded fit with a threaded section at the inner cavity of the rear cover (12); the cavity wall of the outer sleeve (11) axially extends along the cutter sleeve (10) to form a guide rib (11 b), and guide grooves (22) are correspondingly arranged on the cutter body (20) to form a sliding rail guide matching relationship.

6. A method for machining a exposed diamond surface of a diamond wire drawing die, which uses the self-adaptive cutter for machining the exposed diamond surface of the diamond wire drawing die according to claim 2, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2) Machining the reamed blind hole by using the self-adaptive cutter until the blind hole is drilled in the axial direction and the drilling surface is exposed; the cutting force of the self-adaptive cutter is 25N, the supporting force provided by the pressure spring (30) is more than or equal to 27N, so that the pressure spring (30) does not deform when the self-adaptive cutter is used for cutting an outer die and a sintering layer (a 2) of the diamond wire drawing die, and the pressure spring (30) contracts when the self-adaptive cutter touches the surface of the diamond die core (a 1), so that the self-adaptive cutter and the diamond die core (a 1) are protected.

7. The processing method according to claim 6, wherein: the diamond wire drawing die comprises a diamond die core (a 1), a sintered layer (a 2) coated outside the diamond die core (a 1) and an outer die provided with a die cavity for accommodating the sintered layer (a 2), wherein the outer die comprises a round cup-shaped sub-die (a 3) with a cup opening facing the direction of the self-adaptive cutter, and a die cover (a 4) for enabling the die cavity to form a closed space so as to accommodate the sintered layer (a 2) is arranged at the cup opening of the sub-die (a 3); on the axial section through the diamond wire drawing die axis, dovetail mortise-tenon fit is formed between the die cover (a 4) and the sintered layer (a 2).