CN113182505A - Multi-region alloying strengthening preparation method of aluminum alloy casting - Google Patents

Multi-region alloying strengthening preparation method of aluminum alloy casting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113182505A
CN113182505A CN202110464059.6A CN202110464059A CN113182505A CN 113182505 A CN113182505 A CN 113182505A CN 202110464059 A CN202110464059 A CN 202110464059A CN 113182505 A CN113182505 A CN 113182505A
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thin
wall
casting
alloy
pore plate
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夏祥生
黄树海
万元元
肖寒
彭菲菲
陈强
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No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
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No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/02Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/09Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-region alloying strengthening preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting, which comprises the step of casting a thin-wall alloy pore plate on the surface layer of the aluminum alloy casting, wherein the wall thickness of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is not more than 0.5mm, the pore diameter of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is not more than 8mm, and the pore edge distance of adjacent pores on the thin-wall alloy pore plate is between 5mm and 10 mm. The aluminum alloy casting body prepared by the method has excellent performance, and compared with the aluminum alloy casting body obtained by coating strengthening and reinforcing rib strengthening modes, the aluminum alloy casting body has more excellent performance.

Description

Multi-region alloying strengthening preparation method of aluminum alloy casting
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting, and particularly relates to a multi-region alloying strengthening preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting.
Background
With the rapid development of high-tech fields represented by aviation, aerospace and the like, higher requirements are put forward for casting aluminum alloy castings. In order to meet the high performance requirement, firstly, the high performance is realized by arranging thick and large reinforcing ribs, but the weight of the casting is increased inevitably; and secondly, high performance is realized through high alloying, but the casting process performance of the high alloying material is low, and the casting defects of insufficient filling and the like occur. Therefore, how to greatly improve the casting performance on the basis of not increasing the casting weight and not reducing the casting performance is a critical problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Furthermore, document CN101130210A discloses a method for strengthening an aluminum alloy surface, comprising the following steps: a. coating a coating material containing carbon fiber powder and a hard material on the surface of a casting mold, drying the coating, and keeping the temperature of the casting mold at room temperature to 300 ℃; b. and (3) injecting the liquid aluminum alloy into the casting mold, cooling and solidifying under the action of an external rotating magnetic field, and forming a layer of aluminum alloy base composite material containing carbon fiber powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting after solidification. However, this method is essentially an external particle strengthening method, and cannot simultaneously improve the strength and the elongation after fracture of the aluminum alloy casting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-region alloying strengthening preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting, which is used for improving the performance of the casting on the basis of not increasing the weight of the casting and not reducing the casting performance.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A multi-zone alloying strengthening preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of casting a thin-wall alloy pore plate on the surface layer of an aluminum alloy casting, wherein the wall thickness of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is not more than 0.5mm, the pore diameter of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is not more than 8mm, and the pore edge distance between adjacent pores on the thin-wall alloy pore plate is between 5mm and 10 mm.
Preferably, the thin-wall alloy pore plate has a composition of Al-20wt.% Cu.
Preferably, before casting and filling, the distance between the thin-wall alloy pore plate and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the casting mold is controlled to be 1-3 mm.
Preferably, the holes in the thin-wall alloy hole plate are rectangular holes, circular holes or triangular holes which are regularly arranged.
In order to further improve the performance of the aluminum alloy casting body, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing Al-20wt.% Cu ingot;
step 2, rolling the obtained cast ingot into a thin plate with the thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm;
step 3, punching the obtained thin plate to obtain a thin-wall alloy pore plate;
step 4, performing surface pretreatment, oil removal and dirt removal on the obtained thin-wall alloy pore plate, then embedding the thin-wall alloy pore plate into an inner cavity of the casting mold, externally connecting the thin-wall alloy pore plate with a low-voltage electric heating power source through a lead, placing the whole casting mold on an asbestos rubber plate, and then placing the whole casting mold in a vacuum tank;
step 5, firstly, vacuumizing a vacuum tank, controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.06 MPa to-0.09 MPa, and then starting a low-voltage heating power source to heat the thin-wall alloy pore plate, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 500-600 ℃;
step 6, after the temperature of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is stable, closing the low-voltage electric heating power supply, and immediately performing melt mold filling;
step 7, after the mold filling is finished, pressurizing and solidifying the vacuum tank, controlling the pressure to be 0.4-0.6 MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 10 min; after the mold filling is finished, the low-voltage electric heating power supply is started again while pressurizing, the heating temperature is controlled to be 450-540 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30 min;
and 9, performing subsequent heat treatment according to the requirement of the casting base alloy.
In order to further improve the performance of the aluminum alloy casting body, in the step 4, 2-3 layers of thin-wall alloy pore plates are embedded into the inner cavity of the casting mold, the distance between every two adjacent thin-wall alloy pore plates is 3mm, and the adjacent thin-wall alloy pore plates are fixedly connected together by adopting an aluminum alloy fulcrum; the distance between the first layer thin-wall alloy pore plate and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the casting mould is controlled to be 2 mm.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the method provided by the invention, the performance of the casting can be greatly improved on the basis of not increasing the weight of the casting and not reducing the casting performance, the casting process performance is excellent, the bonding force between the matrix and the reinforcement can be enhanced, the alloying elements can be fully diffused, the solid solubility of the alloying elements is increased, and oxides can be prevented from being introduced into the casting; by adopting the method provided by the invention, the magnesium alloy wire can be rapidly melted when the melt is poured, so that the alloy elements are uniformly distributed on the surface layer of the casting, and the alloy elements can be fully diffused and fully melted into the matrix; the method provided by the invention has simple implementation process and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production; the aluminum alloy casting body prepared by the method has excellent performance, and compared with the aluminum alloy casting body obtained by coating strengthening and reinforcing rib strengthening modes, the aluminum alloy casting body has more excellent performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the layout of a thin-walled alloy orifice plate in a mold before melt-filling in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a thin-walled alloy orifice plate of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the thin-walled alloy orifice plate in the mold prior to melt filling in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view showing the overlapping and fixing state of two thin-walled alloy hole plates in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a thin-walled alloy orifice plate of example 2.
In the figure, 1-casting mould inner wall, 2-casting mould inner cavity, 3-fixing point of casting mould inner wall and thin wall alloy pore plate, 4-thin wall alloy pore plate, 41-first layer thin wall alloy pore plate, 42-inner layer thin wall alloy pore plate, 43-consolidation point between first layer thin wall alloy pore plate and inner layer thin wall alloy pore plate, and 5-pore on thin wall alloy pore plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, but the following examples are only for the purpose of understanding the principle and the core idea of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications to the solution made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Example 1
The casting is made of ZL205, the height of the casting is 485mm, the maximum outline diameter of the casting is 567mm, the corner part of the casting is arc-shaped, and the thin-wall alloy hole plate is Al-20wt.% Cu, and the preparation method of the casting comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing Al-20wt.% Cu ingot;
step 2, rolling the obtained cast ingot into a sheet with the thickness of 0.5 mm;
step 3, punching round holes on the obtained thin plate to obtain a thin-wall alloy hole plate, wherein the aperture of the thin-wall alloy hole plate is 8mm, and the hole edge distance of adjacent holes is 10mm (referring to the shortest hole edge distance between the adjacent holes), as shown in fig. 2;
step 4, performing surface pretreatment, oil removal and decontamination on the obtained thin-wall alloy pore plate, then embedding the thin-wall alloy pore plate into the inner cavity of the casting mold and fixing the thin-wall alloy pore plate, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the shape of the fixed thin-wall alloy pore plate is basically consistent with that of the inner cavity of the casting mold, the distance between the thin-wall alloy pore plate and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the casting mold is controlled to be 2mm, the thin-wall alloy pore plate is externally connected with a low-voltage electric heating power supply through a lead, and then the whole casting mold is placed in a vacuum tank after being placed on an asbestos rubber plate;
step 5, firstly, vacuumizing the vacuum tank, controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.06 MPa, and then starting a low-voltage heating power supply to heat the thin-wall alloy pore plate, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 580 ℃;
step 6, after the temperature of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is stable, closing the low-voltage electric heating power supply, and immediately performing melt mold filling;
step 7, after the mold filling is finished, pressurizing and solidifying the vacuum tank, controlling the pressure to be 0.4MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 10 min; after the mold filling is finished, the low-voltage electric heating power supply is started again while pressurizing, the heating temperature is controlled to be 540 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30 min;
and 9, performing subsequent solid solution treatment and aging treatment according to the requirement of the casting matrix alloy, wherein the solid solution parameter is 535 ℃/18h, and the aging parameter is 172 ℃/8 h.
Comparative example 1
The casting is made of ZL205, the height of the casting is 485mm, the maximum outline diameter of the casting is 567mm, and the corner part of the casting is arc-shaped, and the preparation method of the casting comprises the following steps: step 1, firstly, vacuumizing a vacuum tank, wherein the vacuum degree is controlled to be-0.06 MPa; step 2, performing melt mold filling; step 3, after the mold filling is finished, pressurizing and solidifying the vacuum tank, controlling the pressure to be 0.4MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 10 min; and 4, performing subsequent solid solution treatment and aging treatment according to the requirement of the casting matrix alloy, wherein the solid solution parameter is 535 ℃/18h, and the aging parameter is 172 ℃/8 h.
Example 2
The casting is made of ZL114, the height of the casting is 670mm, the maximum outline diameter of the casting is 427mm, and the corner part of the casting is arc-shaped, and the preparation method of the casting comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing Al-20wt.% Cu ingot;
step 2, rolling the obtained cast ingot into a sheet with the thickness of 0.4 mm;
step 3, punching rectangular holes on the obtained thin plate to obtain a thin-wall alloy hole plate, wherein the hole specification of the thin-wall alloy hole plate is 5mm by 5mm, and the hole edge distance of adjacent holes is 5mm as shown in fig. 5; then, the two thin-wall alloy hole plates are spliced and fixed, the distance between the two thin-wall alloy hole plates is controlled to be 3mm, specifically, aluminum alloy column joints can be inserted into the thin-wall alloy hole plates, and then the thin-wall alloy hole plates are heated, melted and cooled and fixed;
step 4, performing surface pretreatment, oil removal and decontamination on the obtained thin-wall alloy pore plate, then embedding the thin-wall alloy pore plate into an inner cavity of a casting mold and fixing the thin-wall alloy pore plate, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, wherein the fixed thin-wall alloy pore plate is basically consistent with the shape of the inner cavity of the casting mold, the distance between the first layer of thin-wall alloy pore plate and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the casting mold is controlled to be 2mm, the thin-wall alloy pore plate is externally connected with a low-voltage electric heating power source through a lead, and then the whole casting mold is placed on an asbestos rubber plate and then is placed in a vacuum tank;
step 5, firstly, vacuumizing a vacuum tank, controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.09 MPa, and then starting a low-voltage heating power supply to heat the thin-wall alloy pore plate, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 500 ℃;
step 6, after the temperature of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is stable, closing the low-voltage electric heating power supply, and immediately performing melt mold filling;
step 7, after the mold filling is finished, pressurizing and solidifying the vacuum tank, controlling the pressure to be 0.6MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 10 min; after the mold filling is finished, the low-voltage electric heating power supply is started again while pressurizing, the heating temperature is controlled to be 530 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30 min;
and 9, performing subsequent solid solution treatment and aging treatment according to the requirement of the casting matrix alloy, wherein the solid solution parameter is 535 ℃/14h, and the aging parameter is 160 ℃/8 h.
Comparative example 2
The casting is made of ZL114, the height of the casting is 670mm, the maximum outline diameter of the casting is 427mm, and the corner part of the casting is arc-shaped, and the preparation method of the casting comprises the following steps: step 5, vacuumizing the vacuum tank, wherein the vacuum degree is controlled to be-0.09 MPa; step 6, performing melt mold filling; step 7, after the mold filling is finished, pressurizing and solidifying the vacuum tank, controlling the pressure to be 0.6MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 10 min; and 9, performing subsequent solid solution treatment and aging treatment according to the requirement of the casting matrix alloy, wherein the solid solution parameter is 535 ℃/14h, and the aging parameter is 160 ℃/8 h.
And (3) performance detection: the castings obtained in the preceding examples were subjected to a performance test according to the (GB/T228.1-2010) standard, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Tensile strength (MPa) Elongation after Break (%)
Example 1 503 11.0%
Comparative example 1 473 8.0%
Example 2 351 5.0%
Comparative example 2 325 3.0%

Claims (6)

1. A multi-zone alloying strengthening preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of casting a thin-wall alloy pore plate on the surface layer of an aluminum alloy casting, wherein the wall thickness of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is not more than 0.5mm, and the aperture of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is not more than
8mm, and the hole edge distance of adjacent holes on the thin-wall alloy hole plate is between 5mm and 10 mm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the thin-walled alloy orifice plate has a composition of Al-20wt.% Cu.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: and before casting and filling, the distance between the thin-wall alloy pore plate and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the casting mold is controlled to be 2-3 mm.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the holes on the thin-wall alloy pore plate are rectangular holes, circular holes or triangular holes which are regularly arranged.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the steps of the method comprise:
step 1, preparing Al-20wt.% Cu ingot;
step 2, rolling the obtained cast ingot into a thin plate with the thickness of 0.4 mm-0.5 mm;
step 3, punching the obtained thin plate to obtain a thin-wall alloy pore plate;
step 4, performing surface pretreatment, oil removal and dirt removal on the obtained thin-wall alloy pore plate, then embedding the thin-wall alloy pore plate into an inner cavity of the casting mold, externally connecting the thin-wall alloy pore plate with a low-voltage electric heating power source through a lead, placing the whole casting mold on an asbestos rubber plate, and then placing the whole casting mold in a vacuum tank;
step 5, firstly, vacuumizing a vacuum tank, controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.06 MPa to-0.09 MPa, and then starting a low-voltage power heating power supply to heat the thin-wall alloy pore plate, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 500-600 ℃;
step 6, after the temperature of the thin-wall alloy pore plate is stable, closing the low-voltage electric heating power supply, and immediately performing melt mold filling;
step 7, after the mold filling is finished, pressurizing and solidifying the mold in a vacuum tank, controlling the pressure to be 0.4-0.6 MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 10 min; after the mold filling is finished, starting the low-voltage electric heating power supply again while pressurizing, controlling the heating temperature to be 450-540 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
and 9, performing subsequent heat treatment according to the requirement of the casting base alloy.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the step 4, 2-3 layers of thin-wall alloy pore plates are embedded into the inner cavity of the casting mold, the distance between every two adjacent thin-wall alloy pore plates is 3mm, and the adjacent thin-wall alloy pore plates are fixedly connected together by adopting an aluminum alloy fulcrum; the distance between the first layer thin-wall alloy pore plate and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the casting mould is controlled to be 2 mm.
CN202110464059.6A 2021-04-26 2021-04-26 Multi-region alloying strengthening preparation method of aluminum alloy casting Pending CN113182505A (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1207971A (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-17 南京航空航天大学 Composite casting technology to alloy casting partially
CN1513626A (en) * 2003-06-19 2004-07-21 哈尔滨工业大学 Large-scale thin wall aluminium alloy part multi function mobile magnetic field casting device
CN103691910A (en) * 2014-01-07 2014-04-02 北京科技大学 Preparation method of aluminum-coated magnesium composite plate material
CN104690254A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-06-10 王会智 Cast aluminum composite material and preparation method thereof
CN109454217A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-03-12 罗源县白塔乡企业服务中心 A kind of preparation method of copper-aluminum composite board
CN109469315A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-03-15 重庆新久融科技有限公司 A kind of Alcoa template and preparation method thereof
KR20190072918A (en) * 2017-12-18 2019-06-26 임락복 A method of bonding a copper alloy on ferrous cast metal by insert casting.
CN111702009A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-09-25 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 Preparation method of T4 or T42-state 2024 aluminum alloy coated aluminum sheet

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1207971A (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-17 南京航空航天大学 Composite casting technology to alloy casting partially
CN1513626A (en) * 2003-06-19 2004-07-21 哈尔滨工业大学 Large-scale thin wall aluminium alloy part multi function mobile magnetic field casting device
CN103691910A (en) * 2014-01-07 2014-04-02 北京科技大学 Preparation method of aluminum-coated magnesium composite plate material
CN104690254A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-06-10 王会智 Cast aluminum composite material and preparation method thereof
KR20190072918A (en) * 2017-12-18 2019-06-26 임락복 A method of bonding a copper alloy on ferrous cast metal by insert casting.
CN109454217A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-03-12 罗源县白塔乡企业服务中心 A kind of preparation method of copper-aluminum composite board
CN109469315A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-03-15 重庆新久融科技有限公司 A kind of Alcoa template and preparation method thereof
CN111702009A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-09-25 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 Preparation method of T4 or T42-state 2024 aluminum alloy coated aluminum sheet

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Application publication date: 20210730