CN113182083B - Based on electronic floated centrifuge of permanent magnetism - Google Patents
Based on electronic floated centrifuge of permanent magnetism Download PDFInfo
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- CN113182083B CN113182083B CN202110446001.9A CN202110446001A CN113182083B CN 113182083 B CN113182083 B CN 113182083B CN 202110446001 A CN202110446001 A CN 202110446001A CN 113182083 B CN113182083 B CN 113182083B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
- B04B9/02—Electric motor drives
- B04B9/04—Direct drive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
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- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of centrifuges, in particular to a permanent magnet electric suspension type centrifuge, which comprises: the centrifugal machine comprises a centrifugal machine base, a centrifugal machine shell, 8-shaped coils, a linear motor, a permanent magnet unit, a supporting device and an accelerating device. The shell of the centrifugal machine is arranged on the base of the centrifugal machine, and the shell of the centrifugal machine is designed into a two-layer structure; 8-shaped coils are laid on one layer of the centrifuge shell; the linear motor is laid on the other layer of the centrifuge shell; the permanent magnet units are arranged between the 8-shaped coil and the linear motor, the number of the permanent magnet units is two, and the two permanent magnet units are symmetrical; the supporting device is used for supporting the permanent magnet unit to do circular motion; the accelerating device is used for realizing the accelerated operation of the permanent magnet unit under the condition that the permanent magnet unit cannot be suspended. The invention realizes the suspension guiding function through the coupling relation of the permanent magnet unit and the 8-shaped coil, simplifies the system structure and is easy to adjust and control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of centrifuges, in particular to a permanent magnet electric suspension type centrifuge.
Background
Most of traditional centrifuges adopt complex mechanical structures to realize the suspension guide function, usually comprise a motor, a reduction gearbox, a transmission device, a lubricating device, an electric control auxiliary system and the like, the control system of the traditional centrifuges is complex, and friction and abrasion inevitably occur due to the mechanical structures, so that the loss is large in the working process, the service life of equipment is shortened, the equipment also needs to be maintained regularly, and the use cost of the equipment is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet electric suspension-based centrifugal machine to improve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the embodiment of the application provides a based on electronic floated centrifuge of permanent magnetism, centrifuge includes: the centrifugal machine comprises a centrifugal machine base, a centrifugal machine shell, 8-shaped coils, a linear motor, a permanent magnet unit, a supporting device and an accelerating device. The centrifugal machine shell is arranged on the centrifugal machine base and is designed into a two-layer structure; the 8-shaped coil is laid on one layer of the centrifuge shell; the linear motor is laid on the other layer of the centrifuge shell; the permanent magnet units are arranged between the 8-shaped coil and the linear motor, the number of the permanent magnet units is two, and the two permanent magnet units are symmetrical; the supporting device is used for supporting the permanent magnet unit to do circular motion; the accelerating device is used for realizing the accelerated operation of the permanent magnet unit under the condition that the permanent magnet unit cannot be suspended; the 8-shaped coil, the linear motor and the permanent magnet units are arranged in a concentric circle mode, and the N pole and the S pole of each permanent magnet in each permanent magnet unit are arranged alternately.
Optionally, the centrifuge housing includes an outer layer and an inner layer, the outer layer is higher than the inner layer, a gap is formed between the two layers, the 8-shaped coil is laid on the outer layer, the linear motor is laid on the inner layer, and the permanent magnet unit is disposed in the gap.
Optionally, the centrifuge shell includes an outer layer and an inner layer, the outer layer is higher than the inner layer, a gap is formed between the two layers, the 8-shaped coil is laid on the inner layer, the linear motor is laid on the outer layer, and the permanent magnet unit is disposed in the gap.
Optionally, strutting arrangement includes permanent magnet unit shell, bracing piece base, permanent magnet bracing piece and permanent magnet connecting rod, the permanent magnet unit is placed permanent magnet unit shell the inside, the centre of bracing piece pedestal mounting at the centrifuge base, the permanent magnet bracing piece is installed on the bracing piece base, the permanent magnet connecting rod is installed on the permanent magnet bracing piece, just the permanent magnet connecting rod can permanent magnet bracing piece up-and-down motion, permanent magnet connecting rod both ends respectively with the permanent magnet unit shell is connected.
Optionally, accelerator includes supporting wheel and guide rail, the guide rail is the annular, the guide rail is installed through the welding on the centrifuge base, the guide rail with the centrifuge base is the concentric circles setting, the supporting wheel is installed permanent magnet unit shell lower extreme, the supporting wheel can make a round trip to shrink, the supporting wheel with the guide rail constitutes the wheel rail relation.
Optionally, the support device includes permanent magnet unit shell, bracing piece base, permanent magnet bracing piece and permanent magnet connecting rod, the permanent magnet unit is placed permanent magnet unit shell the inside, the bracing piece base passes through the centre of welded mounting at the centrifuge base, the permanent magnet bracing piece passes through welded mounting on the bracing piece base, permanent magnet connecting rod intermediate position is the ring setting, through the ring just overlaps and establishes on the permanent magnet bracing piece, the permanent magnet connecting rod both ends are provided with the supporting shoe, the supporting shoe with permanent magnet unit shell passes through the bolt and connects.
Optionally, a limiting block is arranged on the permanent magnet supporting rod, and the limiting block is arranged below the permanent magnet connecting rod and limits the permanent magnet connecting rod.
Optionally, when the centrifuge is in a static state, the center line of the permanent magnet unit coincides with the center line of the figure-8 coil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention combines permanent magnet electric suspension with a centrifuge, adopts linear motor drive, realizes the suspension guide function through the coupling relation of the permanent magnet and the 8-shaped coil, simplifies the system structure, saves a series of transmission lubricating devices, is easy to adjust and control, and is convenient to install and maintain.
2. The N, S poles of the permanent magnets are alternately arranged, and the suspension and driving functions are realized simultaneously by reasonably utilizing the double-sided magnetic field generated by the N, S poles, so that the overall structure of the centrifuge is more conveniently and reasonably arranged in space, and the space and the cost are saved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet electric suspension-based centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet electric suspension based centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet unit and the figure-8 coil according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet unit and the linear motor according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a force diagram of a permanent magnet unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the permanent magnet unit according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is coincident with the center line of the 8-shaped coil;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the permanent magnet unit and the 8-shaped coil with the center line offset in the embodiment of the invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1. a centrifuge housing; 2. a figure-8 shaped coil; 3. a permanent magnet unit; 4. a permanent magnet support bar; 5. a permanent magnet connecting rod; 6. a linear motor; 7. a support wheel; 8. a guide rail; 9. a centrifuge base; 10. a support rod base.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers or letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined or explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a centrifuge based on a permanent magnet motor suspension type, the centrifuge including: the centrifugal machine comprises a centrifugal machine base 9, a centrifugal machine shell 1, 8-shaped coils 2, a linear motor 6, a permanent magnet unit 3, a supporting device and an accelerating device.
The centrifuge shell 1 is arranged on a centrifuge base 9, and the centrifuge shell 1 is designed into a two-layer structure; the 8-shaped coil 2 is laid on one layer of the centrifuge shell 1; the linear motor 6 is laid on the other layer of the centrifuge shell 1; the permanent magnet units 3 are arranged between the 8-shaped coil 2 and the linear motor 6, the number of the permanent magnet units 3 is two, and the two permanent magnet units 3 are symmetrical; the supporting device is used for supporting the permanent magnet unit 3 to do circular motion; the accelerating device is used for realizing the accelerated operation of the permanent magnet unit 3 under the condition that the permanent magnet unit 3 can not suspend; the 8-shaped coil 2, the linear motor 6 and the permanent magnet units 3 are arranged in a concentric circle, each permanent magnet unit 3 comprises a plurality of permanent magnets, and the N poles and the S poles of the permanent magnets are alternately arranged.
In this embodiment, combine together permanent magnetism electronic suspension and centrifuge, adopt linear electric motor 6 drive, realize the direction function of suspension through the coupling relation of permanent magnet unit 3 and 8 font coil 2, simplify system architecture, saved a series of transmission lubricating arrangement, easily regulation and control, easy to assemble maintains. And the permanent magnet units 3 are arranged alternately by adopting N, S poles, and the suspension and driving functions are realized by reasonably utilizing the double-sided magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet units, so that the whole structure of the centrifuge is more conveniently and reasonably arranged in space, and the space and the cost are saved.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the centrifuge housing 1 includes an outer layer and an inner layer, the outer layer is higher than the inner layer, a gap is formed between the two layers, the figure-8 coil 2 is laid on the outer layer, the linear motor 6 is laid on the inner layer, and the permanent magnet unit 3 is disposed in the gap.
In this embodiment, the linear motor 6, the permanent magnet unit 3 and the figure-8 coil 2 must be in a concentric relationship, and in order to utilize the double-sided magnetic field of the permanent magnet unit 3, the figure-8 coil 2 and the linear motor 6 must be respectively arranged on the outer layer and the inner layer of the permanent magnet unit 3, and the positions of the figure-8 coil 2 and the linear motor 6 can be exchanged.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the centrifuge housing 1 includes an outer layer and an inner layer, the outer layer is higher than the inner layer, a gap is formed between the two layers, the figure-8 coil 2 is laid on the inner layer, the linear motor 6 is laid on the outer layer, and the permanent magnet unit 3 is disposed in the gap.
In a specific embodiment of this disclosure, strutting arrangement includes permanent magnet unit shell, bracing piece base 10, permanent magnet bracing piece 4 and permanent magnet connecting rod 5, permanent magnet unit 3 is placed permanent magnet unit shell the inside, bracing piece base 10 installs at the centre of centrifuge base 9, permanent magnet bracing piece 4 is installed on bracing piece base 10, permanent magnet connecting rod 5 is installed on permanent magnet bracing piece 4, just permanent magnet connecting rod 5 can permanent magnet bracing piece 4 up-and-down reciprocating motion, 5 both ends of permanent magnet connecting rod respectively with permanent magnet unit shell connects.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet connecting rod 5 can reciprocate up and down on the permanent magnet supporting rod 4, so that when the permanent magnet unit 3 is shifted downward by a certain displacement relative to the center line of the 8-shaped coil 2, the permanent magnet connecting rod 5 can also be lowered to a corresponding position, thereby improving the operation reliability of the whole centrifuge. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet unit shell can be hollow case, can protect the permanent magnet unit through setting up the permanent magnet unit shell, prevents the damage of permanent magnet unit, and then improves centrifuge's life.
In a specific embodiment of this disclosure, accelerating device includes supporting wheel 7 and guide rail 8, guide rail 8 is the annular, guide rail 8 is installed through the welding on centrifuge base 9, guide rail 8 with centrifuge base 9 is concentric circles setting, supporting wheel 7 is installed permanent magnet unit shell lower extreme, supporting wheel 7 can make a round trip to shrink, supporting wheel 7 with guide rail 8 constitutes the wheel rail relation.
In this embodiment, the guide rail 8 and the centrifuge base 9 are arranged in concentric circles, so that the permanent magnet unit 3 can be accelerated, and the support wheel 7 can be retracted back and forth, so that when the system with lower speed cannot realize the suspension function, the normal accelerated operation of the system can be ensured through the wheel-rail relationship between the support wheel 7 below the permanent magnet unit 3 and the track 8, and when the permanent magnet unit 3 can realize suspension, the support wheel 7 is retracted.
The support wheel 7 may also be replaced in this embodiment by a support wheel carrier structure comprising a piston rod and a connecting rod comprising a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. One end of the first connecting rod and one end of the second connecting rod are movably connected below the permanent magnet unit shell according to a certain position relation, the other ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are movably connected to the piston rod, the other end of the piston rod is movably connected with the first supporting wheel, and the piston rod, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the first supporting wheel can rotate around the connecting point; the power source is used as a power source for supporting the wheel carrier structure, and the motion can be transmitted to the piston rod by controlling the rotation of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, so that the retraction of the piston rod is realized. When the first supporting wheel needs to be retracted, the power supply is switched on, the connecting rod rotates to drive the piston rod to retract, and the piston rod is retracted to be parallel to the lower surface of the shell of the permanent magnet unit and is kept fixed.
In a specific embodiment of this disclosure, strutting arrangement includes permanent magnet unit shell, bracing piece base 10, permanent magnet bracing piece 4 and permanent magnet connecting rod 5, permanent magnet unit 3 is placed permanent magnet unit shell the inside, bracing piece base 10 passes through the centre of welded mounting at centrifuge base 9, permanent magnet bracing piece 4 passes through welded mounting on bracing piece base 10, the intermediate position of permanent magnet connecting rod 5 is the ring setting, through the ring just overlaps and is established on permanent magnet bracing piece 4, 5 both ends of permanent magnet connecting rod are provided with the supporting shoe, the supporting shoe with permanent magnet unit shell connects through the bolt.
In a specific embodiment of this disclosure, set up the stopper on the permanent magnet bracing piece 4, the stopper sets up permanent magnet connecting rod 5 below, right permanent magnet connecting rod 5 carries on spacingly.
In this embodiment, after the permanent magnet shifts a location downwards and moves, the stopper here will play the effect of supporting permanent magnet connecting rod 5, makes permanent magnet unit 3 motion more stable safety.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the centrifuge is in a static state, the center line of the permanent magnet unit 3 coincides with the center line of the figure-8 coil 2.
The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: the centrifugal machine comprises permanent magnet units 3, 8-shaped coils 2 and a linear motor 6, wherein the permanent magnet units 3, the 8-shaped coils 2 and the linear motor 6 are arranged on two sides of the centrifugal machine in a concentric circle relationship, and the permanent magnet units 3 are arranged in the middle of the centrifugal machine. In which the magnetization directions of the permanent magnet units 3 are alternately arranged with N, S poles, the levitation and driving functions can be simultaneously realized by the double-sided magnetic field of the magnet. On one hand, the outer magnetic field of the permanent magnet unit 3 is coupled with the 8-shaped coil 2 to realize suspension. Based on the zero magnetic flux principle, when the central line of the permanent magnet unit 3 deviates a certain distance relative to the central line of the 8-shaped coil 2, the magnetic fluxes of the upper and lower loops of the 8-shaped coil 2 are different, induced current is generated in the coil, the magnetic poles of the upper and lower loops are opposite, the magnetic pole of the upper loop is opposite to the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet unit 3, and attraction is generated on the permanent magnet unit 3; the magnetic poles of the lower loop are the same as the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet units 3, and repulsive force is generated on the permanent magnet units 3. After the two acting forces are superposed, an overall acting force is generated on the permanent magnet unit 3 and is expressed as a suspension force in the vertical direction so as to balance the gravity of the whole system; the lateral behavior is a guiding force that can act as a centripetal force for the overall system. On the other hand, the permanent magnet unit 3 inner side magnetic field and the linear motor 6 continuously interact to realize acceleration propulsion. And this scheme technique is connected two relative permanent magnet units 3 through permanent magnet connecting rod 5, plays showing the effect to the centrifugal force of balanced whole system, has effectively improved system stability.
The operation process of the centrifuge is as follows: the operation process of the centrifuge is roughly divided into three stages, namely a wheel track acceleration stage, a suspension acceleration stage and a stable operation stage. As shown in fig. 6, when the centrifuge is in a static state, the center line of the permanent magnet unit 3 coincides with the center line of the 8-shaped coil 2, the magnetic field inside the permanent magnet unit 3 interacts with the linear motor 6 to realize propulsion, and the centrifuge starts to accelerate gradually, and at this time, because the system with lower speed cannot realize the suspension function, the normal acceleration operation of the system is ensured through the wheel-rail relationship between the support wheel 7 below the permanent magnet unit 3 and the rail 8; when the speed rises to reach the suspension speed, the supporting wheel 7 below the permanent magnet unit 3 is retracted, as shown in fig. 7, at the moment, the central line of the permanent magnet unit 3 deviates downwards for a certain displacement relative to the central line of the 8-shaped coil 2, and meanwhile, the permanent magnet is fixed at the height by the limiting block to generate suspension force to realize the suspension function; when the centrifuge reaches its operating speed, the system enters a smooth running phase. The stress analysis chart of the whole system is shown in fig. 5, and the magnetic field outside the permanent magnet unit 3 and the suspension force F generated by the action of the 8-shaped coil 2lThe normal attraction force F generated by the action of the magnetic field at the inner side of the permanent magnet unit 3 and the linear motor 6 is used for balancing the gravity G of the whole systemgOvercoming the centrifugal force F of the systemrAnd the system is balanced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A based on electronic floated centrifuge of permanent magnetism, its characterized in that includes:
a centrifuge base (9);
the centrifugal machine comprises a centrifugal machine shell (1), wherein the centrifugal machine shell (1) is arranged on a centrifugal machine base (9), and the centrifugal machine shell (1) is designed into a two-layer structure;
8-shaped coils (2), wherein the 8-shaped coils (2) are laid on one layer of the centrifuge shell (1);
the linear motor (6), the said linear motor (6) is laid on another layer of the said centrifuge outer casing (1);
the permanent magnet units (3) are arranged between the 8-shaped coil (2) and the linear motor (6), the number of the permanent magnet units (3) is two, and the two permanent magnet units (3) are symmetrical;
a support device for supporting the permanent magnet unit (3) in a circular motion; and
an acceleration device for achieving accelerated operation of the permanent magnet unit (3) in the case that the permanent magnet unit (3) cannot be levitated;
the 8-shaped coil (2), the linear motor (6) and the permanent magnet unit (3) are arranged in a concentric circle mode, and the N pole and the S pole of each permanent magnet in the permanent magnet unit (3) are arranged alternately.
2. The centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein the centrifuge housing (1) comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, the outer layer is higher than the inner layer with a gap therebetween, the figure 8 coil (2) is laid on the outer layer, the linear motor (6) is laid on the inner layer, and the permanent magnet unit (3) is disposed in the gap.
3. The centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein the centrifuge housing (1) comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, the outer layer is higher than the inner layer with a gap therebetween, the figure 8 coil (2) is laid on the inner layer, the linear motor (6) is laid on the outer layer, and the permanent magnet unit (3) is disposed in the gap.
4. The centrifuge based on permanent magnet electrodynamic suspension of claim 1, characterized in that the support device includes a permanent magnet unit shell, a support bar base (10), a permanent magnet support bar (4) and a permanent magnet connecting bar (5), the permanent magnet unit (3) is placed inside the permanent magnet unit shell, the support bar base (10) is installed at the midpoint of the centrifuge base (9), the permanent magnet support bar (4) is installed on the support bar base (10), the permanent magnet connecting bar (5) is installed on the permanent magnet support bar (4), and the permanent magnet connecting bar (5) can reciprocate up and down on the permanent magnet support bar (4), both ends of the permanent magnet connecting bar (5) are connected with the permanent magnet unit shell respectively.
5. The centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the accelerating device comprises a support wheel (7) and a guide rail (8), the guide rail (8) is ring-shaped, the guide rail (8) is installed on the centrifuge base (9) by welding, the guide rail (8) and the centrifuge base (9) are arranged in concentric circles, the support wheel (7) is installed at the lower end of the permanent magnet unit casing, the support wheel (7) can contract back and forth, and the support wheel (7) and the guide rail (8) form a wheel-rail relationship.
6. The permanent magnet based electric suspension centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support device comprises a permanent magnet unit casing, a support rod base (10), a permanent magnet support rod (4) and a permanent magnet connecting rod (5), the permanent magnet unit (3) is placed inside the permanent magnet unit casing, the support rod base (10) is installed at the center of the centrifuge base (9) through welding, the permanent magnet support rod (4) is installed on the support rod base (10) through welding, the middle position of the permanent magnet connecting rod (5) is a circular ring, the circular ring is just sleeved on the permanent magnet support rod (4), support blocks are arranged at two ends of the permanent magnet connecting rod (5), and the support blocks are connected with the permanent magnet unit casing through bolts.
7. The centrifuge based on the permanent magnet motor-driven suspension type is characterized in that a limiting block is arranged on the permanent magnet support rod (4), is arranged below the permanent magnet connecting rod (5), and limits the permanent magnet connecting rod (5).
8. The centrifuge of claim 1, wherein the center line of the permanent magnet unit (3) coincides with the center line of the figure-8 coil (2) when the centrifuge is in a static state.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110446001.9A CN113182083B (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Based on electronic floated centrifuge of permanent magnetism |
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| CN202110446001.9A CN113182083B (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Based on electronic floated centrifuge of permanent magnetism |
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| CN113182083B true CN113182083B (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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