CN113180748A

CN113180748A - Cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper

Info

Publication number: CN113180748A
Application number: CN202110544918.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭艳萍; 王白燕
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-05-19
Filing date: 2021-05-19
Publication date: 2021-07-30

Abstract

The invention relates to a scraper which comprises a strip-shaped handle and a flat scraper blade, wherein one end of the handle is hinged with one end of the scraper blade through a hinge shaft, and an included angle between the scraper blade and the handle is larger than degree; the handle is provided with a sliding rod which is consistent with the length direction of the handle and slides along the length direction, the scraping blade is provided with a slot which is arranged corresponding to one end of the sliding rod, and one end of the sliding rod is inserted into the sliding slot in a sliding way; the other end of the scraping blade is provided with a scraping blade which is connected with the scraping blade in a flush manner, and one end of the scraping blade, which is far away from the scraping blade, is wavy; the invention can be better matched and attached with the cervical orifice, improves the sampling effect, is convenient for directly smearing the cell sample on the glass slide, reduces the residue of the cell sample and improves the inspection and diagnosis rate.

Description

Cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper

Technical Field

The invention relates to a pathological examination apparatus, in particular to a cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper.

Background

Cervical scraping is a common examination mode with low cost and accurate result in pathological examination, and the current cervical scraping examination mainly has two modes: one is that a wooden scraper extends into the cervical orifice to sample cells, but the cell samples can not be completely transferred to a slide for inspection after sampling, even research shows that as much as 80 percent of the cell samples can remain on the scraper and be discarded, thereby obviously reducing the sampling rate and the diagnosis rate of the inspection result; the other examination method is liquid-based cytology examination, which is a currently internationally advanced cervical cytology examination technology, a specially-made small brush (the middle brush hair is longer than the brush hair on the two sides) is used for sampling cells, after the sampling is finished, the brush head is rinsed in a small bottle filled with cell fixing liquid or directly placed in the small bottle, although the examination diagnosis rate is improved by the method, because the subsequent separation and detection equipment used by the method is high in cost, only part of hospitals in large and medium-sized cities have the condition, and the first examination method is mainly used in most hospitals in cities.

Therefore, it is not realistic to widely spread liquid-based cytology examination in a short time under economical conditions, and the diagnosis rate of the first examination method should be increased as much as possible under allowable conditions.

In addition, in order to adapt to the shape of the cervical orifice, the sampling ends of the existing wooden scraper are all in a curve shape, and the glass slide is in a flat plate structure, so that in the subsequent sample transfer operation, the sample at the sampling end of the scraper is difficult to directly smear on the glass slide, and the sample on the scraper can be smeared only after being scraped by other tools in advance, so that the operation is inconvenient, the residual rate of the sample is increased due to the multiple transfer of the cell sample, the undesirable effective sampling rate is reduced again, and the improvement of the inspection and diagnosis rate is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems and the defects, the invention provides a cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper to solve the problem of low diagnosis rate caused by insufficient sampling of the existing cervical scraping pathological examination.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the handle and a scraper blade of the flat paper are hinged in a hinge shape, a scraper blade is fixed on the scraper blade in a flush manner, and one end of the scraper blade, which is far away from the scraper blade, is in a wave shape, namely the handle, the scraper blade and the scraper blade jointly form a sampling tool which is similar to the shape of a wooden scraper blade adopted in the prior art; the included angle alpha between the scraping blade and the handle is larger than degree; the handle is provided with a sliding rod which is consistent with the length direction of the handle and slides along the length direction, the scraping blade is provided with a slot which is arranged corresponding to one end of the sliding rod, and one end of the sliding rod is inserted into the slot in a sliding way, so that the scraping blade and the handle cannot rotate relatively along the rotating shaft; the scraper angle is changed through the rotation of the scraper in different directions: (a) the wavy edge of the spatula is matched and attached with the cervical orifice, so that a better sampling effect is achieved; (b) the cell sample can be directly smeared on the glass slide conveniently, and the cell sample can be smeared without adopting other tools to scrape the sample on the wooden scraper twice like the prior art, so that the residue of the cell sample on a plurality of tools is reduced, and the effective sampling rate and the inspection and diagnosis rate are improved.

The switching between the rotation stopping state and the rotating state of the scraping blade is realized through the sliding in/out of the sliding rod in the sliding groove, so that the stability of the scraping blade (in the rotation stopping state) during sampling can be ensured, the scraping blade can bear proper pressure to scrape a sample, and the turnover of the scraping blade (in the rotating state) after sampling is finished can be ensured, and cell samples on the scraping blade and the scraping blade are fully exposed so as to be directly smeared on a glass slide; meanwhile, the scraping blade is flat and is parallel to the scraping blade, and the scraping blade is also flat, so that the collection surface (the side where the included angle alpha is located) of the cell sample is flat and smooth, and when the sample is smeared, the collection surface can be fully attached to the glass slide so as to smear the sample thinner and more uniformly, reduce the cell overlapping rate and improve the accuracy of medical observation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a rear view of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a rear perspective view of fig. 1.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the slide bar sliding out of the slide channel and the squeegee blade flipped backward.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of fig. 6.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the present invention with a handle comprising a bar-shaped handle and a connecting plate, and with a slide bar and a finger ring added.

Fig. 10 is a rear view, partly in section, of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a rear perspective view of fig. 9.

Technical terms and reference signs:

1. handle 2, doctor-bar 3, articulated shaft 4, slide bar 5, spout 6, strike off

7. Boss 8, push handle

101. Strip-shaped grab handle 102, connecting plate 103, rotating shaft 104, sliding strip 105 and ring

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings/the following detailed description is provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

Given by fig. 1 to 8:

the invention comprises a strip-shaped handle 1 and a flat doctor blade 2, wherein one end of the handle 1 is hinged with one end of the doctor blade 2 through a hinge shaft 3 to form a hinge shape, and an included angle alpha between the doctor blade 2 and the handle 1 is larger than 90 degrees; the handle 1 is provided with a sliding rod 4 which is consistent with the length direction of the handle 1 and slides along the length direction, the scraping blade 2 is provided with a slot 5 which is arranged corresponding to one end of the sliding rod 4, and one end of the sliding rod 4 is inserted into the slot 5 in a sliding way, so that the scraping blade 2 and the handle 1 cannot rotate relatively along the rotating shaft 3; the other end of the scraping blade 2 is provided with a scraping blade 6 which is connected with the scraping blade 2 in a parallel and level manner, and one end of the scraping blade 6, which is far away from the scraping blade 2, is wavy, so that the scraping blade can better adapt to the contour of the cervical orifice and obtain more cell samples.

Further, the scraping blade 2 is provided with a boss 7 arranged on the back side of the included angle α, when the sliding rod 4 slides to enable one end of the sliding rod to slide out of the sliding groove 5, the scraping blade 2 is in a rotatable state, when the scraping blade 2 rotates to enable the included angle α to be increased to the position (α is 180 ° + β) shown in fig. 7, the boss 7 abuts against the handle 1 to achieve limiting, and at the moment, a sample on the scraping blade 2 is fully exposed and can be directly smeared on a glass slide.

Further, spatula 6 make by the stereoplasm silica gel, the close skin nature and the elastic property of silica gel self make scraping 6 both possess good scraping force, possess certain deformation force again in order to adapt to the cervical orifice profile, can also avoid the material to lead to the fact the damage to the cervical orifice hard.

Further, spatula 6 on lie in the dorsal face of contained angle alpha is the wedge face, thereby makes the one end of keeping away from doctor-bar 2 on spatula 6 is thinner, reduces spatula 6 is last the deformation resistance of wavy position edge makes it match the laminating better with the cervical orifice.

Further, the axis of the rotating shaft 3 and the included angle of the handle 1 in the length direction are larger than 90 degrees, namely the scraping blade 2 is not vertical to the handle 1, so that the blockage of the handle 1 to the sight line in the sampling process is reduced, and the sampling process can be observed and adjusted conveniently at any time.

Furthermore, the other end of the slide bar 4 is provided with a push handle 8.

Given by fig. 9 to 11:

further, the handle 1 is composed of a strip-shaped grab handle 101 and a connecting plate 102 which are flush with each other, and the scraping blade 2 is hinged on the connecting plate 102; the strip-shaped grab handle 101 is rotatably connected with the connecting plate 102 along a rotating shaft 103 vertical to the plate surface direction of the connecting plate 102; the sliding groove 5 is a sector abdicating groove which takes the axis of the rotating shaft 103 as an axis and the distance between the axis of the rotating shaft 103 and one end of the sliding rod 4 as a radius, the sector included angle of the sector abdicating groove is delta, when the connecting plate 102 rotates along the rotating shaft 103, one end of the sliding rod 4 slides in the sliding groove 5, and therefore the connecting plate 102 is ensured to normally rotate in the interval limited by the included angle delta; the strip-shaped grab handle 101 is provided with a slide bar 104 which is consistent with the length direction of the handle 1 and slides along the length direction, one end of the slide bar 104 is connected with the connecting plate 102, and when the slide bar 104 slides, the connecting plate 102 rotates under the pulling action of the slide bar 104, so that the rotation control of the connecting plate 102 is realized.

Furthermore, the strip-shaped grab handle 101 and the connecting plate 102 are in damping rotation connection through the rotating shaft 103, the damping effect is used for realizing the relative stability between the strip-shaped grab handle 101 and the connecting plate 102, and the relative rotation can be realized when the acting force is enough, so that the influence on the sampling operation caused by the unnecessary rotation between the strip-shaped grab handle 101 and the connecting plate is avoided.

Further, the slide bar 104 is connected with the strip-shaped grab handle 101 in a damping sliding manner, the damping effect is used for realizing the relative stability between the strip-shaped grab handle 101 and the slide bar 104, and the relative sliding can be realized when the acting force is enough, so that the connecting plate 102 is kept stable or rotates, and the influence on the sampling operation caused by the accidental rotation of the connecting plate 102 is avoided.

Further, the slide bar 104 is made of an elastic bending material such as PC plastic, stainless steel, and the like, one end of the slide bar 104 connected with the connecting plate 102 is bent towards the outer side of the strip-shaped grip 101, and the bent slide bar 104 prevents the slide between the slide bar 104 and the strip-shaped grip 101 to realize the reliable stop of the connecting plate 102 at any rotating position, so as to prevent the connecting plate 102 from rotating accidentally during use.

Furthermore, the other end of the sliding strip 104 is provided with a ring 105, the position of the sliding strip 104 can be changed at any time through the bending of fingers in the sampling operation process by holding the strip-shaped grab handle 101 with a hand and inserting the fingers into the ring 105, and then the rotation angle of the connecting plate 102 is changed, so that the doctor blade 2 is better matched and attached with the cervix, and an ideal sampling effect is achieved.

Further, included angle α be 15, included angle α can make spatula 6 and cervix department form non-right angle included angle (i.e. spatula 6 and cervix department oblique cutting formula rather than direct cutting formula contact), and do not need manual slope scraper blade to reach this effect, the operation degree of difficulty of medical personnel in the finite space has not only been reduced, and simultaneously, the oblique cutting formula contact of spatula 6 and cervix department is more convenient for the atress in order to scrape off the sample more fully, in addition, the slope of spatula 6 in cervix department makes its collection face can be observed by real-time more easily, so that medical personnel in time adjust the sample process, reduce the sample disqualification rate, reduce unnecessary oversampling, and can avoid causing accidental injuries such as scratch to patient's cervix.

Further, contained angle beta 55 ~ 75, hand muscle more relaxs and coordinates when can making medical personnel carry out the sample in this angle interval and paint, improves and paints the effect, simultaneously, in this angle interval, medical personnel's hand is less to sheltering from of spatula 6 departments, and the medical personnel of being convenient for observe at any time.

Furthermore, the included angle δ is 5 to 8 degrees, the included angle δ can limit the rotation range of the connecting plate 102, and although individual differences exist in the shapes and sizes of the cervix uteri between different patients, the overall difference is not significant, so that the included angle δ is not too large, and the matching effect between the sliding rod 4 and the sliding groove 5 is not affected.

Obviously, the above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive step should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The description of the above specification and examples is intended to be illustrative of the scope of the invention and is not intended to be limiting. Modifications, equivalents and other improvements which may occur to those skilled in the art and which may be made to the embodiments of the invention or portions thereof through a reasonable analysis, inference or limited experimentation, in light of the common general knowledge, the common general knowledge in the art and/or the prior art, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper comprises a strip-shaped handle (1) and a flat scraper blade (2), and is characterized in that one end of the handle (1) is hinged with one end of the scraper blade (2) through a hinged shaft (3), and an included angle between the scraper blade (2) and the handle (1) is larger than 90 degrees; the handle (1) is provided with a sliding rod (4) which is consistent with the length direction of the handle (1) and slides along the length direction, the scraping blade (2) is provided with a slot (5) which is arranged corresponding to one end of the sliding rod (4), and one end of the sliding rod (4) is inserted into the sliding slot (5) in a sliding way; the other end of the scraping blade (2) is provided with a scraping blade (6) which is connected with the scraping blade (2) in a parallel and level manner, and one end of the scraping blade (6) far away from the scraping blade (2) is wavy.

2. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of claim 1, wherein the handle (1) is composed of a strip-shaped handle (101) and a connecting plate (102) which are flush with each other, and the scraper (2) is hinged on the connecting plate (102); the strip-shaped grab handle (101) is rotatably connected with the connecting plate (102) along a rotating shaft (103) vertical to the plate surface direction of the connecting plate (102); the sliding groove (5) is a fan-shaped abdicating groove taking the axis of the rotating shaft (103) as an axis and the distance between the axis of the rotating shaft (103) and one end of the sliding rod (4) as a radius; the strip-shaped grab handle (101) is provided with a slide bar (104) which is consistent with the length direction of the handle (1) and slides along the length direction, and one end of the slide bar (104) is connected with the connecting plate (102).

3. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of claim 2, wherein the bar-shaped handle (101) and the connecting plate (102) are connected in a rotation damping manner via a rotating shaft (103).

4. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of claim 2, wherein the slide bar (104) is connected with the bar-shaped handle (101) in a damping sliding manner.

5. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of claim 2, wherein the slide bar (104) is made of an elastic bending material, and one end of the slide bar (104) connected with the connecting plate (102) is bent towards the outer side of the strip-shaped handle (101).

6. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of claim 2, wherein the other end of the slide bar (104) is provided with a finger ring (105).

7. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the scraper (2) has a boss (7) disposed on the back side of the included angle α.

8. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the spatula (6) is made of hard silicone.

9. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of claim 8, wherein the face of the spatula (6) on the back side of the included angle α is a wedge-shaped face.

10. The cervical exfoliated cell sampling scraper of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the angle between the axis of the rotating shaft (3) and the length direction of the handle (1) is greater than 90 degrees.